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Treatment with eldecalcitol (ED-71) and raloxifene combined increases cancellous and cortical bone strength in ovariectomized rats. Sd ki SkiSt hiT k d A k Shi i hi Nb K ik M hik Mih dK i hiE d Sadaoki Sakai, Satoshi T akeda, Ayako Shiraishi, Nobuo Koike, Masahiko Mihara and Koichi Endo Product Research Dept., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Gotemba, Japan Backgrounds Eldecalcitol (ED71; ELD), a 2β‐hydroxypropyloxy derivative of 1α,25(OH) 2 D 3 , was approved for treatment of osteoporosis in Japan in 2011. ELD significantly reduced the incidence of vertebral and wrist fractures compared with alfacalcidol, a prodrug of 1α,25(OH) 2 D 3 , in a 3year clinical study [1]. Objective To compare the effects of combining ELD and RAL against each monotherapy in osteoporotic rats. Summary The combination treatment with ELD and RAL ELD inhibited osteoclastic bone resorption and increased bone mass more potently than alfacalcidol in ovariectomized (OVX) rats [2]. Raloxifene (RAL), a selective estrogen receptor modulator, is globally approved for the treatment and prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. There are no reports describing the efficacy of combination treatment of ELD with RAL in osteoporosis patients or in animal models. [1] Matsumoto T et al. Bone 49: 605 (2011) [2] Uchiyama Y et al. Bone 30: 582 (2002) Results The combination treatment with ELD and RAL improved bone mechanical strength by suppressing bone turnover and increasing BMD more than either monotherapy reduced the rise of blood Ca and urinary Ca excretion seen in ELD monotherapy. may avoid excessive reduction of bone turnover. showed additive effect on inhibition of mouse bone marrow osteoclastogenesis. Fig. 1 Bone resorption marker 4 wks 8 wks 12 wks Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL OVX Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL OVX Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL OVX 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 DPD/Cre (nmol/mmol) s v v v,e,r s v,r v v,e s v,r v v,e ELD + RAL significantly decreased urinary DPD compared with ELD (4 wks) or RAL (4, 8 and 12 wks) monotherapy. Fig.2 Bone mineral density Ultimate Load (N) Work to failure (mJ) Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL 0 200 400 600 800 0 50 100 150 200 250 s v s v Ultimate load Work to failure Fig. 3 Mechanical strength of lumbar vertebra (L5) and femoral midshaft Compression test of L5 Fig. 4 Bone histomorphometry 0 2 4 6 8 Oc.S/BS (%) Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL OVX s v v,e v,r Osteoclast surface 0 1 2 3 N.Oc/BS (/mm) Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL OVX s v v,e v,r Osteoclast number Ot bl t f Ot id f ELD + RAL decreased the number of osteoclast compared with RAL monotherapy, and lowered bone formation parameters to sham control levels. The combination treatment increased the mechanical strength of lumbar vertebra and femoral midshaft. BMD (mg/cm 2 ) Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL OVX Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL OVX Lumbar spine Femur (whole) 0 50 100 150 200 250 0 50 100 150 200 s v,e,r v v,e s v v v,e,r ELD + RAL significantly increased BMD of lumbar spine and femur compared with either monotherapy. OVX OVX Ultimate Load (N) Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL OVX Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL OVX 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 v,r v,r v e Work to failure (mJ) Ultimate load Work to failure 3point bending test of femoral midshaft 0 5 10 15 20 Ob.S/BS (%) Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL OVX s v v v,e,r Osteoblast surface 0 5 10 15 20 25 OS/BS (%) Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL OVX s v v,e,r Osteoid surface 1 1.5 2 2.5 R (μm/day) s v,r Mineral apposition rate 0.1 0.15 0.2 s v e Bone formation rate mm 3 /mm 2 /year) Methods BMD (mg/cm 2 ) Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL OVX Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL OVX Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL OVX Proximal femur Mid femur Distal femur 0 50 100 150 200 0 50 100 150 200 0 50 100 150 200 s v v v,e,r s v v v,r s v v,r Mean + SD s P < 0.05 vs. sham by unpaired ttest. v P < 0.05 vs. OVX + vehicle, e P < 0.05 vs. OVX + ELD, r P < 0.05 vs. OVX + RAL by Tukey’s multiple comparison test. OVX Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL Serum Ca (mg/dL) 10.34±0.31 9.92 ±0.23 s 10.72±0.36 v 9.62±0.24 10.25±0.34 e,r Urinary Ca/Cre 0.037±0.011 0.038 ±0.011 0.346 ±0.058 v 0.042±0.054 0.198 ±0.046 v,e,r e e Table 1 Serum Ca and urinary Ca/Cre (12 wk) ELD + RAL reduced the increase in serum Ca and urinary Ca/Cre by ELD. Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL OVX 0 0.5 MA OVX Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL 0 0.05 v,r Fig. 5 In vitro osteoclastogenesis In vivo In vitro BFR/BS (m Animals: 8monthold female WistarImamichi rats Treatment: Daily, 12 weeks, by oral gavage Groups: (n = 10) Sham Vehicle OVX Vehicle OVX ELD 7.5 ng/kg OVX RAL 0.3 mg/kg OVX ELD 7.5 ng/kg + RAL 0.3 mg/kg samples OVX Treatment ( daily, oral gavage) 0 4 8 12 wks urine urine Vehicle ELD RAL ELD + RAL 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 Number of TRAP positive multinucleated osteoclasts v, r v v with or without 10 7 M ELD 10 6 M RAL 10 7 M ELD + 10 6 M RAL Mouse Bone Marrow 30 ng/mL MCSF 30 ng/mL RANKL Count a number of TRAP positive multinucleated osteoclast. The combination treatment with ELD and RAL showed additive effect on inhibition of mouse bone marrow osteoclastogenesis. 7 days bone, urine, serum (/well) Measurements: Bone resorption marker: Urinary deoxypyridinoline (DPD) BMD: Lumbar spine (L2L4), femur Bone biomechanical strength: Lumbar vertebral body (L5), femur Bone histomorphometry: Lumbar vertebral body (L3) Serum calcium (Ca), urinary Ca, urinary creatinine (Cre) n=3 v p<0.05 vs Vehicle by Tukey’s multiple comparison test r p<0.05 vs RAL by Tukey’s multiple comparison test 0 20 40 Vehicle ELD ELD + RAL RAL COIAll authors are employees of Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Treatment with eldecalcitol (ED-71) and raloxifene ... · Product Research Dept., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Gotemba, Japan Backgrounds •Eldecalcitol (ED‐71; ELD), a 2β‐hydroxypropyloxy

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Page 1: Treatment with eldecalcitol (ED-71) and raloxifene ... · Product Research Dept., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Gotemba, Japan Backgrounds •Eldecalcitol (ED‐71; ELD), a 2β‐hydroxypropyloxy

Treatment with eldecalcitol (ED-71) and raloxifene combined increases cancellous and cortical bone strength in ovariectomized rats.

S d ki S k i S t hi T k d A k Shi i hi N b K ik M hik Mih d K i hi E dSadaoki Sakai, Satoshi Takeda, Ayako Shiraishi, Nobuo Koike, Masahiko Mihara and Koichi EndoProduct Research Dept., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Gotemba, Japan

Backgrounds•Eldecalcitol (ED‐71; ELD), a 2β‐hydroxypropyloxy derivative of 1α,25(OH)2D3, was approved for treatment of osteoporosis in Japan in 2011.•ELD significantly reduced the incidence of vertebral and wrist fractures compared with alfacalcidol, a prodrug of 1α,25(OH)2D3, in a 3‐year clinical study [1].

ObjectiveTo compare the effects of combining ELD and RAL against each monotherapy in osteoporotic rats. 

Summary

The combination treatment with ELD and RAL•ELD inhibited osteoclastic bone resorption and increased bone mass more potently than alfacalcidol in ovariectomized (OVX) rats [2].•Raloxifene (RAL), a selective estrogen receptor modulator, is globally approved for the treatment and prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis.•There are no reports describing the efficacy of combination treatment of ELD with RAL in osteoporosis patients or in animal models.

[1] Matsumoto T et al. Bone 49: 605 (2011) [2] Uchiyama Y et al. Bone 30: 582 (2002)

Results

The combination treatment with ELD and RALimproved bone mechanical strength by suppressing bone turnover and increasing BMD more than either monotherapyreduced the rise of blood Ca and urinary Ca excretion seen in ELD monotherapy.may avoid excessive reduction of bone turnover.showed additive effect on inhibition of mouse bone marrow osteoclastogenesis.

Fig. 1 Bone resorption marker

4 wks 8 wks 12 wks

Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL

OVXShamVehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL

OVX

ShamVehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL

OVX

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

0

20

40

60

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100

120

0

20

40

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80

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DP

D/C

re(n

mo

l/mm

ol)

s

v v

v,e,r

s

v,rv

v,es

v,rv

v,e

ELD + RAL significantly decreased urinary DPD compared with ELD (4 wks) or RAL (4, 8 and 12 wks) monotherapy.

Fig. 2 Bone mineral density

Ult

imat

e L

oad

(N

)

Wo

rk t

o f

ailu

re (

mJ)

Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL0

200

400

600

800

0

50

100

150

200

250

s

v

s

v

Ultimate load Work to failure

Fig. 3 Mechanical strength of lumbar vertebra (L5) and femoral midshaft

Compression test of L5

Fig. 4 Bone histomorphometry

0

2

4

6

8

Oc.

S/B

S (

%)

Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL

OVX

s

v

v,e

v,r

Osteoclast surface

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1

2

3

N.O

c/B

S (

/mm

)

Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL

OVX

s

v

v,e

v,r

Osteoclast number

O t bl t f O t id f

ELD + RAL decreased the number of osteoclast compared with RAL monotherapy, and lowered bone formation parameters to sham control levels.

The combination treatment increased the mechanical strength of lumbar vertebra and femoral midshaft.

g y

BM

D (

mg

/cm

2 )

Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL

OVX

Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL

OVX

Lumbar spine Femur (whole)

0

50

100

150

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250

0

50

100

150

200

s

v,e,rv

v,es

v vv,e,r

ELD + RAL significantly increased BMD of lumbar spine and femur compared with either monotherapy.

OVX OVX

Ult

imat

e L

oad

(N

)

Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL

OVX

Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL

OVX

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140v,rv,r

ve

Wo

rk t

o f

ailu

re (

mJ)

Ultimate load Work to failure

3‐point bending test of femoral midshaft

0

5

10

15

20

Ob

.S/B

S (

%)

Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL

OVX

s

vv

v,e,r

Osteoblast surface

0

5

10

15

20

25

OS

/BS

(%

)

Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL

OVX

s

v

v,e,r

Osteoid surface

1

1.5

2

2.5

R (μ

m/d

ay) s

v,r

Mineral apposition rate

0.1

0.15

0.2

s

v

e

Bone formation rate

mm

3 /m

m2 /

year

)

Methods

BM

D (

mg

/cm

2 )

Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL

OVXSham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL

OVX

Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL

OVX

Proximal femur Mid femur Distal femur

0

50

100

150

200

0

50

100

150

200

0

50

100

150

200

sv v

v,e,rs

v vv,r

sv v,r

Mean + SD  s P < 0.05 vs. sham by unpaired t‐test.v P < 0.05 vs. OVX + vehicle, e P < 0.05 vs. OVX + ELD, r P < 0.05 vs. OVX + RAL by Tukey’s multiple comparison test.

OVX

Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL

Serum Ca (mg/dL) 10.34±0.31 9.92±0.23 s 10.72±0.36v 9.62±0.24 10.25±0.34 e,r

Urinary Ca/Cre 0.037±0.011 0.038±0.011 0.346±0.058 v 0.042±0.054 0.198±0.046v,e,r

e

e

Table 1 Serum Ca and urinary Ca/Cre (12 wk)

ELD + RAL reduced the increase in serum Ca and urinary Ca/Cre by ELD.Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL

OVX

0

0.5

MA

OVX

Sham Vehicle ELD RAL ELD+RAL0

0.05 v,r

Fig. 5 In vitro osteoclastogenesis In vivo In vitro

BF

R/B

S (m

Animals: 8‐month‐old female Wistar‐Imamichi ratsTreatment: Daily, 12 weeks, by oral gavageGroups: (n = 10)

Sham   VehicleOVX  VehicleOVX ELD 7.5 ng/kgOVX     RAL 0.3 mg/kgOVX     ELD 7.5 ng/kg + RAL 0.3 mg/kg

samplesOVX

Treatment ( daily, oral gavage)

0 4 8 12 wks

urineurine

Vehicle ELD

RAL ELD + RAL

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

Number of TRAP positive multinucleated osteoclasts

v, r

vv

with or without10‐7M  ELD     10‐6M  RAL10‐7M  ELD  + 10‐6M RAL

Mouse Bone Marrow 30 ng/mL M‐CSF30 ng/mL RANKL

Count a number of TRAP positive multinucleated osteoclast.

The combination treatment with ELD and RAL showed additive effect on inhibition of mouse bone marrow osteoclastogenesis.

7 days

bone, urine, serum

(/well)

Measurements:Bone resorption marker: Urinary deoxypyridinoline (DPD)BMD: Lumbar spine (L2‐L4), femurBone biomechanical strength: Lumbar vertebral body (L5), femurBone histomorphometry: Lumbar vertebral body (L3)Serum calcium (Ca), urinary Ca, urinary creatinine (Cre)

n=3v  p<0.05 vs Vehicle by Tukey’s multiple comparison testr  p<0.05 vs RAL by Tukey’s multiple comparison test

0

20

40

V ELD7 RAL6 COMVehicle ELD ELD + RALRAL 

【COI】 All authors are employees of Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.