TRGOVANJE S PRIHODNOSTJO

SPORAZUM TTIP ALI KAKO NAM KORPORACIJE POSKUŠAJO UGRABITI PRIHODNOST.

DRŽAVNI SVET, 13. 2. 2015.

NTB: ZA „MEJO“ ALI ZA NAS?

NON TARIF BARRIER ALI NECARINSKA OVIRA TRGOVINI

- NASTANE ZARADI RAZLIK V ZAKONIH EU IN ZDA

CILJ POGAJANJ JE REGULATORNA SKLADNOST: OBSTOJEČE ZAKONE EU IN ZDA NAREDITI ČIM BOLJ „PODOBNE“.

80% PREDVIDENE RASTI ZARADI ODPRAVE NTB

TEŽAVA: - RAZLIKE V ZAKONIH PREVELIKE, - POSKUSI KORPORACIJ ZA DEREGULACIJO, - VPRAŠANJE „DIRKE PROTI DNU“

O ČEM TEČEJO POGAJANJA

ZRAČNI PROMET

Most important US to EU NTMs and regulatory divergence in trade and investment43

Rank NTM or Diverging Regulation Trend Sector or Sources of

Cross-cutting Information44

Trade measures

1 Government support for Airbus Constant Sector specific Expert & survey

2 Government support for Airbus Suppliers Increasing Sector specific Expert & survey

3 Government support for Aircraft Engines Constant Sector specific Expert & survey

producers 4 Prior authorisation for sensitive product Constant Cross-cutting Survey

categories 5 Trade measures due to technical specifications Constant Cross-cutting Survey

6 Double certification need caused by The Decreasing Cross-cutting Survey

European Union’s Authorized Economic Operator (AEO) program and the US Customs- Trade Partnership against Terrorism (C-TPAT) 7 EU Patent System Constant Cross-cutting Survey

Investment measures 1 Limits to investment due to national security and Increasing Sector-specific Survey

strategic considerations

Most important US to EU NTMs and regulatory divergence in trade and investment56

Rank NTM or diverging regulation Trend Sector or Sources of

Cross-cutting information57

Trade measures

1 EU/international product standards (UNECE) differ from US Constant Sector-specific Expert &

standards (FMVSS). survey

2 Trade measures due to numerous technical specifications. Increasing Cross-cutting Survey &

literature

3 REACH regulation Decreasing Cross-cutting Survey

4 Safety and health measures Constant Cross-cutting Survey

5 Different cetane levels in diesel fuel between EU and US – Constant Cross-cutting Expert

leading to costs to tune engines to these different levels

6 Patent system Constant Cross-cutting Survey

7 Double certification need caused by the European Union’s Decreasing Cross-cutting Survey

Authorized Economic Operator (AEO) program and the US

Customs-Trade Partnership against Terrorism (C-TPAT)

8 Customs administration differences between EU Member Decreasing Cross-cutting Survey

States

Investment measures

1 EU/international product standards (UNECE) differ from US Decreasing Sector-specific Expert &

AVTOMOBILSKA INDUSTRIJA

Most important US to EU NTMs and regulatory divergence in trade and investment69

Rank NTM or diverging regulation Trend Sector or Cross- Sources of

cutting information70

Trade measures 1 Divergence in risk assessment requirements Constant Sector Survey & expert

between REACH and TSCA 2 Classification of chemicals under the Dangerous Decreasing Sector Expert

Substances Directive 3 RoHS and restrictions on hazardous substances Constant - Cross-cutting Expert

increasing 4 Product Labelling requirements (including eco- Constant Sector Expert & survey

labelling) 5 Testing requirements / Risk assessment for plant Constant Cross-cutting Survey & Expert

protection and biocidal products 6 Double certification need caused by the European Decrease Cross-cutting Survey

Union’s Authorised Economic Operator (AEO) program and the US Customs-Trade Partnership against Terrorism (C-TPAT) 7 Different Member State legislation on chemicals Constant Sector Survey

security 8 Customs administration differences between EU Constant Cross-cutting Survey

Member States 9 Pre-shipment inspections Increasing Cross-cutting Survey

Investment measures 1 EU Intellectual property rights definition which is less Constant Cross-cutting Survey &

broad than the US ones literature

KEMIKALIJE

Most important US to EU NTMs and regulatory divergence83

Rank NTM or diverging regulation Trend Sector or Cross- Sources of

cutting information84

Trade measures

1 Animal testing: a ban on animal testing of cosmetic Increasing Sector Survey & expert &

products and on products containing ingredients literature

tested on animals

2 Product notifications differ from Member State to Constant Sector Survey

Member State

3 Notification: Compulsory in EU, not in US Constant Sector Expert & literature

4 Evaluation by SCCP Increasing Sector Expert

5 Access to information – different requirements in Increasing Sector Expert

US

6 Use of CMR substances Constant Sector Expert & literature

7 Differing requirements for labelling products Increasing Sector Expert & literature

8 US non-retail products exempt from certain Constant Sector-specific Expert

labelling requirements but not in the EU

Investment measures

1 A ban on animal testing of cosmetic products and Increasing Sector Survey & literature

on products containing ingredients tested on

animals

2 Product notifications differ from Member State to Increasing Cross-cutting Survey & literature

Member State.

KOZMETIKA

Most important US to EU NTMs and regulatory divergence in trade and investment 96

Rank NTM or diverging regulation Trend Sector or Cross- Sources of

cutting information97

Trade measures

1 Restriction on Hazardous Substances Constant Sector Expert & literature

(RoHS) Directive

2 WEEE Decreasing Sector Expert & survey &

literature

3 REACH regulation Constant Cross-cutting Expert

4 Several directives for energy efficiency, e.g. Increasing Sector Expert & survey &

Framework for Energy-using Products, Low literature

Voltage Directive

5 EU standards in the field of information Decreasing Sector Expert & survey &

technology and telecommunications literature

5 Differences in testing standards and Decreasing Sector Expert

certification procedures

6 Customs and border protection/controls Decreasing Cross-cutting Survey & literature

7 European patent system Constant Cross-cutting Survey & literature

8 Pre-shipment inspections Increase Cross-cutting Survey

Investment measures

1 EU Data Protection Directive (1995/46) Constant Cross-cutting Experts

2 European patent system Constant Cross-cutting Survey & literature

3 Local licensing requirements Constant Sector Survey

4 Requirement for professional qualifications Decreasing Cross-cutting Survey

for foreign firms

ELEKTROINDUSTRIJA

Most important US to EU NTMs and regulatory divergence in trade and investment120

Rank NTM or Diverging Regulation Trend Sector/Cross- Information

cutting sources121

Trade measures 1 Waste electric and electronic equipment directive Decreasing Sector Expert & survey

2 Other technical measures Decreasing Cross-cutting Expert & survey &

literature

3 Customs and border protection Decreasing Cross-cutting Survey

4 EU standards in the field of information technology and Decreasing Sector Expert & survey

telecommunications

5 European patent system Constant Cross-cutting Survey & literature

6 Transfer delays, slow custom procedures Cross-cutting Survey

7 Council Decision 93/465/EEC concerning the modules Constant Sector Expert & literature

for the various phases of the conformity assessment

procedures

8 EU Electromagnetic Compatibility requirements Constant Sector Expert & literature

Investment measures 1 Waste electric and electronic equipment directive Decreasing Sector Expert & survey

2 EU Member States to adopt DVB-H as the main Increasing Sector Expert

technology for networks

3 Other technical measures Decreasing Cross-cutting Survey

4 European patent system Constant Cross-cutting Survey & literature

5 Local licensing requirements Constant Sector Survey & expert

PISARNIŠKA IN IKT OPREMA

Table 12.2 Most important US to EU NTMs and regulatory divergence in trade and investment130

Rank NTM or Diverging Regulation Trend Sector or Sources of

Cross-cutting information131

Trade measures

1 EU pricing policy – Member State differences Increasing Sector Survey & expert

2 Health technology assessment differences Increasing Sector Survey & expert

3 Different rules in various Member States concerning Constant Sector Survey & expert

authorization of pharmaceuticals

4 International reference pricing Constant Sector Expert

5 Therapeutic reference pricing Constant Sector Expert

6 Differences in the enforcement of the unified Decreasing Cross-cutting Survey & expert

customs system across EU Member States

7 Parallel trade allowance Constant- Sector Survey & expert

Decreasing

8 Restrictions concerning information distribution to Constant Sector Survey & expert

patients

Investment measures 1 Export restraint arrangements Increasing Cross-cutting Survey & experts

2 Different rules in different Member States Decreasing – Sector specific Expert

concerning authorization of pharmaceuticals Constant

3 Prohibitions against investment by foreign Increasing Cross-cutting Survey

companies (e.g. security, sensitive products, etc.)

ZDRAVILA

OSTALA PODROČJA

TELEKOMUNIKACIJSKE STORITVE FINANČNE STORITVE BIOTEHNOLOGIJAJAVNA NAROČILAINTELEKTUALNE PRAVICEZAVAROVALNIŠTVOTRANSPORTNE STORITVE TURISTIČNE STORITVEGRADBENIŠTVOOSTALE POSLOVNE STORITVEOSEBNE, KULTURNE IN REKREACIJSKE STORITVETEKSTIL, OBLAČILA IN OBUTVELES, PAPIR, BLAGO IZ LESA IN PAPIRJA

NTB: OVIRA TRGOVINI ALI POTREBEN NADZOR?

ZAKAJ JE POMEMBNO (ZA NAS?)

„STANDARDI NE BODO NIŽJI“ALI DODD FRANK ACT

KAM VODI TTIP?

ZAKONODAJNO SODELOVANJE ALI RCC

MEHANIZEM ISDS

KAJ PRIDOBI NAŠE GOSPODARSTVO?Member Exports to Exports to Exports to Trade Summary Tariff on Overallstate US as US as Substitu- Comple- measure top 10 score share of share of tionality (S) mentarity (C) (trade S exports (0-10) total GDP (%) (0-1) (0-1) minus trade- exports (%) trade C) weighted average (%) Estonia 3.47 2.59 0.315 0.339 0.02 5.19 10Denmark 5.2 1.74 0.379 0.411 0.03 2.42 9Portugal 4.22 1.21 0.318 0.355 0.04 4.62 9Germany 8.08 3.24 0.53 0.519 -0.01 1.65 8Italy 6.96 1.73 0.428 0.438 0.01 2.12 8Lithuania 2.79 1.98 0.319 0.337 0.02 5.68 8Netherlands 3.88 2.77 0.501 0.453 -0.05 3.49 8Spain 3.71 0.85 0.403 0.421 0.02 3.47 8UK 11.46 2.49 0.527 0.505 -0.02 1.99 8Finland 6.07 1.76 0.328 0.279 -0.05 2.46 7Ireland 21.16 11.21 0.232 0.2 -0.03 1.48 7Sweden 5.82 1.74 0.447 0.423 -0.02 1.64 7Belgium 5.14 5.17 0.467 0.417 -0.05 1.76 6Cyprus 3.58 0.35 0.168 0.197 0.03 2.09 6Hungary 3.04 2.52 0.389 0.406 0.02 1.1 6Slovakia 1.81 1.61 0.332 0.403 0.07 2.45 6Austria 5.36 2.14 0.419 0.407 -0.01 1.02 5Bulgaria 1.37 0.76 0.28 0.298 0.02 11.1 5Czech Rep. 2.17 1.76 0.405 0.438 0.03 1.16 5Poland 2.24 0.87 0.38 0.398 0.02 2.22 5Croatia 2.75 0.57 0.284 0.273 -0.01 2.23 4France 6.31 1.31 0.485 0.444 -0.04 0.69 4Greece 3.42 0.51 0.288 0.219 -0.07 4.74 4Malta 4.34 2.34 0.21 0.152 -0.06 0.99 4Romania 1.67 0.58 0.308 0.345 0.04 1.57 4Latvia 1.18 0.51 0.314 0.316 0 1.31 3Luxembourg 3.41 0.78 0.219 0.196 -0.02 0.28 2Slovenia 1.69 1.04 0.346 0.321 -0.03 0.66 2

SKORAJ NIČ! 

Scenarij 1100% eliminacija carin in izvoznih davkov EU z ZDA

Scenarij 2100% eliminacija carin in 

izvoznih davkov, 25% eliminacija necarinskih ovir

Scenarij 3100% eliminacija carin in 

izvoznih davkov, 50% eliminacija necarinskih ovir

Scenarij 4100% eliminacija carin in 

izvoznih davkov, 50% elim. necar. ovir, 10% rast 

kapitalskih tokov

Skupen izvoz-0.067

-0.220-0.421 -1.855

Izvoz v ZDA 9.600

20.62535.780 31.148

Izvoz v EU-0.279

-0.567-1.811 -2.322

Izvoz v tretje države-0.359 -0.277 1.738 -2.535

Skupen uvoz-0.054

-0.235-0.455 -0.129

Uvoz iz ZDA8.060

22.40738.969 39.791

Uvoz iz EU-0.407

-1.050-1.782 -1.222

Uvoz iz tretjih držav0.433 0.972 1.554 -0.065

BDP-0.024

-0.0100.015 0.270

SODOBEN SPORAZUM?

KAJ SLEDI