Tropica. Plant Guide

A growing success...PlANT guIDE

2Publisher: Tropica Aquarium Plants

Mejlbyvej 200

DK-8250 Egaa

Denmark

Tel. +45 86220566

Fax +45 86228466

E-mail: [email protected]

www.tropica.com

layout and text:envision

Christiansgade 30

DK-8100 Aarhus C

Denmark

Printing:Scanprint A/S

All rights reserved

Photos delivered by:Jan Ole Pedersen

Claus Christensen

Ole Pedersen

Christel Kasselmann

Oliver Knott

Eu It Hai

Olaf Deters

Martin Rask Thomsen

george Farmer

Water colour illustrations:Verner Hancke

Kirsten Hjrne

Kirsten Tind

Illustration: Staurogyne repens

3Habitat for Staurogyne repens

Discovering new plants for the aquariumit is tropicas aim to continuously contribute new planting opportunities for the aquarium hobby. thats how it has been

since 1970 and how it will continue into the future. one of our latest successes has been the introduction of Staurogyne

repens that was found in the rio amazonas, Brazil (little picture). Staurogyne can be attached to stones and roots or it

can form a dense carpet in the foreground of the aquarium. it can also form a compact cushion growth, as shown in the

picture.

the use of watercolours in the diagrams helps to reproduce an accurate representation of how the plant appears in the

aquarium in terms of colour and texture. this plant guide contains an extensive list of interesting plants that will provide you

with both inspiration and advice for how to get the best experiences possible for this wonderful hobby. read and enjoy!

4welcome to tropicawith this guide we would like to give you the best possible opportunities for getting the most from your aquariums. we know that the

inspiration and desire to take up this great hobby often starts from a beautiful aquarium that you have witnessed; perhaps at a friends

home, in a magazine, website, or at an aquatic retailer. unfortunately, we also know that many new aquarium owners will give up this

hobby; sometimes after only six to twelve months. so, why is this?

even if you are an experienced hobbyist it can be difficult to select and purchase the appropriate equipment required for your aquarium.

in many aquatic retailers you will often find an overwhelming choice of aquariums, fish, plants, lighting options, substrates/gravel, liquid

fertilizers, co2 units and filters. this guide will help you to identify your specific needs, but it is also important to consult with a retailer

that has appropriate experience in planted aquariums.

through this publication we will assist you in ensuring a successful start. we highlight the fundamental conditions that you must be

aware of whether you are a beginner or an experienced aquarist. You will find this guide focusing mainly on aquarium plants. these

plants have been produced by dedicated and experienced professionals who every day ensure you receive the best possible quality

products and advice. please visit our website, www.tropica.com where you can gain further inspiration and information. we wish you a

very successful start and long-term success with your hobby!

Yours faithfully,

lars green

managing Director

5let the Dream Become realitY page 6

examples of layouts page 7

introDuction to tropicas proDuct range page 12

pots and Xls page 13

aquaDecor plants grown on wood and lavastone page 14

mosses plenty of opportunities page 16

floating plants another perspective page 17

Bunched plants easy and fast planting page 18

Bulbs the joy of expectations page 19

plants from a-Z page 20

tropicas aBc page 87

Before you start page 88

tips and tricks for planting and growing page 90

algae growth can be limited by simple methods page 94

tropica aquacare page 96

inDeX page 98

content

Illustration: Azolla caroliniana

6 Photo: Oliver Knott

let the Dream Become realitYthrough inspiration and advice tropica will help you to get started on the right path. on the following five pages you

will find five different layouts: the classic layout, the starter layout, the childrens aquarium, the nano aquarium and

finally an example of a high-impact and colourful layout. each layout is detailed and you will see the list of the plants

in the aquarium and a layout plan (the number of pots used are indicated in parentheses). visit www.tropica.com for

more photos, layouts and information. relevant information concerning difficulty and technical equipment will also

be discussed. this information is also available on our website. the above issues are meant as a guideline to help

you get the best possible start with your aquarium, but it is also to help you maintain your interest in this hobby!

7The ClassiC layouTan example of an aquarium that will fit in several settings: The living room, the kitchen or in your office. This layout is classic because

of its island composition. The foreground is a thriving carpet of Lilaeopsis and the colorful Rosanervig is the focal point of the aqua-

rium. By planting Anubias and Cryptocoryne in the middle of the aquarium will create a contrast of dark green to the bright green car-

pet and the colorful Rosanervig. Java moss attached to wood will create both depth and maturity. The composition of plants provides

a fine balance between fast growing plants (they take up nutrient and reduce algae growth) and slow growing plants that require less

maintaining.

Tip! Rosanervig is an undemanding plant. Nesaea crassicaulis or Rotala rotundifolia are suitable alternatives as easy and coloured

plants.

DifficultY

some eXperience

volume

128 l

Dimensions

80 x 40 x 40 cm

light

2 x 24 w (t5)

co2

20 mg/l

time/week

1 hour

Result 55 days after set-up

Plant List

a

D

B

e

C

F

G

h

Ceratopteris thalictroides (x 2)

Hygrophila polysperma rosanervig (x 1)

Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia 1705 (x 1)

Anubias barteri coffeefolia (x 1)

Anubias barteri var. nana (x 4)

Cryptocoryne becketti petchii (x 1)

Lilaeopsis brasiliensis (x 5)

Taxiphyllum barbieri (vesicularia) (x 1)

a a

F

B

D C

G

G

G

G

h

h h

e e

e

e

a

a

B

cD

e f

g g

h

e

h

8Result 48 days after set-up

Plant List

DifficultY

easY

volume

54 l

Dimensions

60 x 30 x 30 cm

light

15 w (t8)

co2

ingen

time/week

0.5 hour

The sTaRTeR layouTin most pet shops its easy to find a starter aquarium kit. it is a complete set containing aquarium, light, heater and filter. Most begin-

ners would like a thriving aquarium with bold colours and a large number of fish. however, experience shows that a starter kit often

provides low lighting levels so there are only few plants suitable to this type of aquarium. We have for this set-up chosen standard

plants only! Microsorum and Cryptocoryne are both slow growing and Echinodorus and Vallisneria to create volume in the aquarium.

Limnophila is centrally planted, right under the light and is an example of a plant that grows fast and which helps creating a good

balance in the aquarium.

Tip! By using aquaDecor products with plants like Microsorum and Anubias for the set-up, the aquarium will look more adapted from

the start. These products require less light and they are already well established on root or lavastone.

a

D

B

e

C

F

a B C

D e

F

Echinodorus bleheri (bleherae) (x 1)

Limnophila sessiliflora (x 1)

Vallisneria americana (natans) (x 1)

Cryptocoryne wendtii tropica (x 1)

Microsorum pteropus windelv (x 1)

Cryptocoryne parva (x 1)

a

B

c

D

e

f

9Plant list


DifficultY

easY

volume

112 l

Dimensions

80 x 40 x 40 cm

light

2 x 18 w (t8)

co2

none

time/week

0.5 hour

The ChilDRens aquaRiuMsome of the main considerations when planting the childrens aquarium are colours, impact and action. We have chosen a dinosaur/

animal layout for this set-up, but you can find a large selection of ornaments at your local shop such as pirates, castles, treasure

chests, sunken ships etc. in order to ensure the correct balance in the childrens aquarium you will definitely need plants! The number

of plants must be adjusted to the number of fish. it should be plants that easily adapt to the environment and that help the water to

stay clean and algae free. Below we have listed a selection of both fast and slow growing species that are all good starter plants.

Tip! Buy livebearing fish for the childrens aquarium such as guppies and platies. They are hardy, brightly coloured and breed frequent-

ly. They also eat algae. ask your local dealer for further information.

a

B

c

D

e

f

f

aB

eFD

C

F

a

D

B

e

C

F

Echinodorus bleheri (bleherae) (x 1)

Ludwigia repens rubin (x 1)

Microsorum pteropus (x 1)

Microsorum pteropus windelv (x 1)

Anubias barteri var. nana (x 4)

Taxiphyllum barbieri (vesicularia) (x 2)

10


Plant List

The nano aquaRiuMover the last few years nano aquariums have become very popular. Partly because they fit well into the modern familys way of living

and also because the use of different mosses and shrimps are a growing trend. This layout is more advanced and requires both good

light and Co2. Three different foreground plants have been used for this layout. all with different leaf shapes. Hemianthus with its

millimeter-sized small leaves that capture tiny oxygen bubbles, Staurogyne with slightly bigger leaves and a creeping growth, and finally

Pogostemon that creates dense, curly leaves. Behind the stony soil a Heteranthera contribute with plumpness and vigor. Many plants

are suitable for the nano aquariums and especially mosses are popular! Most plant types are suitable but frequently cutting is a must if

using taller and fast growing plants.

Tip! small algae-eating fish and shrimps, frequent water change and regular care are important elements to maintain an optimal water

quality in your nano aquarium.

a

B

C

D

a a

D

B

B

B

B

C

C

C C

Staurogyne repens (x 2)

Pogostemon helferi (x 2)

Hemianthus callitrichoides cuba (x 4)

Heteranthera zosterifolia (x 1)

a

D

B

c

volume

12 l

Dimensions

30 x 20 x 20 cm

light

24 w (t5)

co2

25 mg/l

time/week

1 hour

DifficultY

eXperienceD

11

Plant List


DifficultY

eXperienceD

volume

297 l

Dimensions

132 x 50 x 45 cm

light

4 x 54 w (t5)

co2

25 mg/l

time/week

1-2 hours

The shoW aquaRiuMThe aquarium for plant lovers! This aquarium contains a large number of plants, its colourful, contains new plants and has an impres-

sing layout with rocks and spider-like roots. We show with this layout how transitions can be made entirely from low foreground

plants to rock formations and how to create a wedge between the rocks by using medium high plants. We use Vallisneria as an easy

carpet in the background. space is created for the Echinodorus ozelot that may be the most beautiful, coloured Echinodorus in the

aquarium. Christmas moss has been attached to the roots and helps to creating depth and a sense of maturity in the aquarium.

Tip! Carpets of foreground plants help to maintain a good balance in the aquarium and need to be maintained regularly. There are

many suitable species; Eleocharis, Lilaeopsis, Echinodorus tenellus the list is long!

a

B

e

i

a

ic

f

gh

a aB C

D

e

e

F

F

Gh

h

h

iiD

a

B

C

D

e

F

G

h

i

Vallisneria nana (x 8)

Echinodorus ozelot (x 1)

Lindernia rotundifolia (x 2)

Cryptocoryne wendtii brown (x 2)

Staurogyne repens (x 3)

Pogostemon erectus (x 3)

Hemianthus callitrichoides cuba (x 1)

Eleocharis parvula (x 10)

Vesicularia dubyana christmas (x 1)

12

inTRoDuCTion To TRoPiCas PRoDuCT RanGeon the following eight pages we will introduce to you our range of high quality products. These different

groups will help you to understand the extensive possibilities you will have when selecting these plants, whilst

also providing a source of inspiration.

The product groups are being divided into pots, Xl-plants, aquaDecor products, mosses, floating plants,

bunches and bulbs. The alphabetical index on page 98 list all plant varieties, all marked with rate of difficulty,

and an index on page 99 has divided all plants into product groups.

Dense and bushy stem plant

White and pink marbled leaves

Adapts to most environ-ments

Hygrophila polysperma Rosanervig

Attractive and challenging foreground plant

Compact and vigorous growth

Require intensive light

Glossostigma elatinoides

13

Attractive and fast growing stem plant

Develop a dense and bushy growth

Good starter plant

Limnophila sessiliflora

Colourful and easy stem plant

Addition of CO2 to achieve intense colour

Suitable for middle-ground

Nesaea pedicellata

XL and pot

PoTsTropica have a great selection of pots. The demands of the plants vary from easy to difficult, and

this also can affect the price. We ensure good quality by ensuring a great deal of plant material is

in each pot. every potted plant can de divided into several smaller portions for planting. Further-

more, we can guarantee healthy and well-developed roots in all plants.

XL when its the size you require

some of our pots are also available as Xl-plants if you ever need fully grown plants for your

aquarium. Xl-plants are more sturdy and are suitable for Cichlid aquariums.

14

Products that create depth in the aquarium An easy and fast way to achieve the result Hardy plants that adapt easily

Cichlids rake up the bottom of the aquarium Cichlids eat off the plants Hardy plants that adapt easily

AquaDecor for creating life-like landscapes:

AquaDecor with Anubias and Microsorum for Cichlids:

aquaDeCoR PlanTs GRoWn on WooD anD lavasToneaquaDecor products are a range of plants taking root on bogwood or lavastone. Plants that grow

directly on wood and stone will be far more hardy than plants growing in pots. The aquaDecor

products gives you a variety of applications. you can create an aquarium that looks mature from the

very start. For aquariums with fishes that are hard on plants both Microsorum and Anubias (hardy

plants) are recommendable.

15

Create hiding places for the fish Create depth in the aquarium Can hang both on the side and on

the back of the wall in the aquarium

Roots approx. length: nano ( 7-10 cm) small (12-25 cm) large (30-40 cm)

Lavastone approx. sizes: small ( 7-15 cm) large (20-30 cm)

AquaDecor is available with suction caps

AquaDecor Sizes

Microsorum pteropus Windelv photo: Jan Ole Pedersen

16 Taxiphyllum barbieri (Vesicularia) photo: George Farmer

Can be attached to all kind of decoration materials Must be pruned frequently to maintain shape See index p. 99 and Plants A-Z for species

Attaching mosses to driftwood with sewing thread:

Mosses PlenTy oF oPPoRTuniTies!Moss is available in a large number of varieties, and has become more popular over the last

few years. The moss is normally sold as portions and it has many various possibilities for

planting. a common aspect for mosses is that they should be attached to wood or stone.

Tip! To avoid or minimize algae growth you should have a large number of algae-eating

shrimps, fishes and snails in the aquarium. it is also recommended to put some floating

plants when you start up the aquarium. Floating plants will take up the nutrient until the

aquarium obtains a good balance and the mosses are growing willingly.

17

Most decorative floating plants Creates shadow and hidings for surface fish See index p. 99 and Plants from A-Z

for more floating plants

Ceratopteris thalictroides

A potted plant that is suitable also as a floating plant

Develop very decorative roots Fast growing and take nutrient

Limnobium laevigatum

FloaTinG PlanTs anoTheR PeRsPeCTive!Floating plants are normally sold as portions, in the same way as

Tropicas mosses. They are fast growing, rapidly take up nutrients

and help to create shade. These plants are therefore ideal to help

reduce algae growth during the start-up of the aquarium. Their deco-

rative roots make a good hiding place for breeding fish and their fry.

1818

Easy and steady starter plant

Suitable for planting in the corners behind in the aquarium

Popular bunched plant Fast growing Undemanding

Vallisneria natans

Egeria densa

BunCheD PlanTs easy anD FasT PlanTinG!Bunched plants are mainly stem plants without roots. The most common bunched plants like Egeria,

Cabomba and Vallisneria are all easy plants that quickly develop roots in their bottom layer. Most

bunched plants are fast growing and are therefore suitable for the start up of your aquarium. They also

take up nutrition rapidly and minimise algae growth.

Tip! Make sure not to plant stems too close knowing that the types are fast growing. Re-plant runners

and new stems as well as top shoots.

19

Beautiful and popular bulb plant

Numerous green and red colours

Good light increases colour intensity

Bulbs have many forms Leaves can be curled,

wavy or thick The plants are vigorous

and decorative

Aponogeton bulbs

Nymphea lotus (zenkeri)

BulBs The Joy oF eXPeCTaTions!Plants like Aponogeton and Nymphea when under water produce new shoot from the bulb.

When planting the bulb in the bottom of the aquarium make sure that the shoots wont be

covered as they will then rot. Bulb plants are recommended as solitary plants as they are fast

growing and takes up a lot of space in the aquarium.

Tip! When you buy bulbs make sure that they have a healthy shoot. When planting it into the

bottom of the aquarium only the bulb itself must be covered in the gravel. The shoot must be

on the surface of the gravel.

Nymphea lotus (zenkeri) photo: Claus Christensen

Nesaea crassicaulis

(!7AD24J-addcai!

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www.tropica.com

Africa22-28C

pH: 5.5-8.5GH: 1-14dH

l

B8-15+cm

30-50cm

Slow Fast

Easy Difficult

20202020

nesaea crassicaulis 033B

Nesaea crassicaulis is a beautiful and highly recommended aquarium plant, although it has high demands for

light. it has red-brown, cognac-coloured leaves. grows best in soft and slightly acidic water. make sure the

lower leaves get sufficient light, otherwise they will die off. this plant is similar to Ammannia species and is often

mistaken for them. But in the aquarium it can be recognised by its yellow-green stems. easy to propagate by

side shoots or cuttings, which can be cut off and planted in the bottom.

price group: pot 5

familY: lythraceae

origin: africa

height: 30 - 50 cm

wiDth: 8 - 15+ cm

temperature: 22 - 28c

gh: 1 - 13 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8.5

coDe: a

light: low highgrowth rate: slow fastDemanDs: easY Difficult

plants from a-Zto help you get started with the understanding of the plant species and varieties, we will explain how to read the plant diagrams. Below you

will see an example of a plant diagram with all relevant information and numbers referring to the list below. further information is available on

www.tropica.com

36

1 the plants latin name

2 tropicas order number

3 hand painted water colour illustration

4 varieties and price groups (see the section for product range)

5 name of the plant family

6 picture of sales pot

7 area of origin where the plant is most widespread

8 plant height/width average size after 2 months in the aquarium

9 temperature range tolerated by the plant

10 gh (water hardness) medium hardness is gh 5-10 dh

11 ph tolerance neutral ph is 6.5-7.5

12 the letter refers to the tips & tricks diagram on page 90 for plantation and maintenance

13 light conditions medium requirement referred to as 0.5 watt/l

14 growth rate

15 plants demands. each plant is marked with a colour spot that indicates the growing conditions required: green = easy, Yellow = medium, red = difficult

16 how the plant looks after it has adapted to the conditions of the aquarium.

4

5

7

8

9

10

11

13

14

15

16

12

21

2121

alternanthera reineckii 'pink' (roseafolia) 023

the purple colour underneath Alternanthera reineckii pink leaves provides an effective contrast to the many

green plants in an aquarium - particularly when planted in groups. good light encourages the leaves to turn red.

easy to propagate by nipping off the terminal bud and planting it in the bottom. this also makes the mother

plant more bushy, because more side shoots are formed.

price group: pot 5, BDt 3, Xl 9

familY: amaranthaceae

origin: south america

height: 25 - 50 cm

wiDth: 10 - 15 cm


gh: 4 - 20 dh

ph: 5 - 8

coDe: a


alternanthera reineckii 'purple' (lilacina) 023B

Alternanthera reineckii purple needs plenty of light to grow and form dark-red leaves. in open aquariums it

grows willingly up through the surface, and like other difficult plants growth improves considerably if co2 is

added. shortage of micronutrients results in pale leaves. like other stem plants Alternanthera reineckii purple

is best in groups.

price group: pot 5

familY: amaranthaceae


height: 15 - 40 cm

wiDth: 10 - 15 cm


gh: 4 - 13 dh

ph: 5 - 7

coDe: a


2222

anubias barteri var. angustifolia 101c

Anubias barteri var. angustifolia is a beautiful plant with long, narrow leaves. Anubias barteri var. angustifolia

used to be sold as Anubias afzelii, but the latter is actually a much larger species. it is grown in the same con-

ditions as Anubias barteri var. nana. it is not eaten by herbivorous fish.

price group: pot 8

familY: araceae

origin: west africa

height: 10 - 15+ cm

wiDth: 10 - 15+ cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: D


anubias barteri var. barteri 101a

Anubias barteri var. barteri is an undemanding plant. it grows somewhat larger than Anubias barteri var. nana

but is grown in the same conditions. Anubias barteri varies considerably in terms of size and leaf shape. like

other Anubias-species, it is best planted in a shady spot to restrict algae growth on the leaves. it is also suitable

for terrariums and aquaterrariums. herbivorous fish do not eat the very tough and robust leaves.

price group: pot 8

familY: araceae

origin: west africa

height: 25 - 45 cm

wiDth: 10 - 15+ cm


gh: 1 - 30 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: D


23

anubias barteri var. caladii-folia ''1705'' 101u

anubias barteri var. caladiifolia ''1705'' 101u

Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia 1705 is also simply called 1705 (the number used by an australian tissue

propagation laboratory). it is a very beautiful variety with heartshaped leaves. the leaves live for several years,

so Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia can easily form large groups despite its slow growth. a group of Anubias

barteri var. caladiifolia growing more than 50 cm wide in a few years is not unusual.

price group: pot 8, Xl 12

familY: araceae

origin: cultivar

height: 7 - 30+ cm

wiDth: 10 - 15+ cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: D


anubias barteri ''coffeefolia'' 101g

Anubias barteri coffeefolia is a very beautiful, low variety of Anubias barteri. it is characteristic that the leaves

arch considerably between the leaf ribs, and the new leaves are red-brown. the colour combination and leaf

shape make it an attractive variety in both large and small aquariums. it flowers frequently under water but does

not produce seeds there. Anubias-species seem to grow so slowly that they do not realise that they have been

submerged. it is not eaten by herbivorous fish.

price group: pot 9

familY: araceae

origin: cultivar

height: 15 - 25 cm

wiDth: 10 - 15+ cm


gh: 1 - 30 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: D


2424

anubias barteri var. nana 101

anubias barteri var. nana 101

Anubias barteri var. nana is a small, attractive plant which thrives in all conditions. it grows slowly, and the

leaves survive for several years, giving slow-growing algae the chance to become established. the best result

is achieved by planting on a stone or tree root. fishing line can be used to attach the plant until it gains a hold.

if planted on the bottom the rhizome must not be covered because it tends to rot. it flowers frequently under

water. it is not eaten by herbivorous fish.

price group: pot 8, aquaDecor

familY: araceae

origin: cameroun

height: 5 - 15 cm

wiDth: 8 - 12+ cm


gh: 1 - 30 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: D


aponogeton boivinianus 088

Aponogeton boivinianus is a large, strong plant which is only suitable for large aquariums. in favourable condi-

tions it can form very large leaves (up to 80 cm long and 8 cm wide). the oldest leaves are deep dark-green,

while younger leaves are light-green and sometimes brownish until they are fully developed. in the wild Apo-

nogeton boivinianus is found in fast-flowing water, and it prefers some flow in the aquarium water. it needs a

dormant period when the root does not produce leaves.

price group: pot 9, kn 7

familY: aponogetonaceae

origin: madagascar

height: 30 - 60+ cm

wiDth: 20 - 30+ cm


gh: 9 - 20 dh

ph: 6 - 8

coDe: c


25

!

DiD you know

Tropica was the first to introduce the Anubias barteri var. nana back in 1973-74 to the world market.

Anubias barteri var. nana originates from Cameroon in africa, and was brought to Denmark by the

2. Galathea-expedition (1950-52). in 1969 Tropicas founder, holger Windelv, found it in an aquarium

shop in Copenhagen. The price was back then settled per leaf! With the assistance from an english

company they managed to propagate the plant and to launch the plant in larger quantities.

The Galathea-expedition discovered the Anubias barteri var. nana by the foot of Mount Cameroon.

A section from a map of Africa

2626

aponogeton crispus 083

aponogeton crispus 083

Aponogeton crispus looks good in any aquarium with its light-green, transparent leaves. it makes few de-

mands, although growth is always best in soft, slightly acidic water with a nutritious bottom. in such conditions

the plant produces a mass of leaves, and it flowers very frequently in optimum conditions. Aponogeton crispus

is generally found in ponds that are only filled with water in the rainy season, but it does not need a dormant

period in the aquarium.

price group: pot 8


origin: sri lanka

height: 25 - 50 cm

wiDth: 15 - 30 cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: c


aponogeton longiplumulosus 089D

Aponogeton longiplumulosus has large, fluted leaves, making it a wonderful plant which can be recommended

for large aquariums. it is relatively undemanding, and makes no special demands on water quality. it also flo-

wers frequently, making it a beautiful addition to any large open aquarium. it stops growing at regular intervals,

but normally starts again after a few weeks of dormancy.



origin: madagascar

height: 35 - 60 cm

wiDth: 25 - 50 cm


gh: 1 - 13 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: c


27

aponogeton madagascariensis 089

Aponogeton madagascariensis is a speciality in botanical gardens all over the world. Aponogeton madaga-

scariensis makes such high demands on water quality and the bottom that it can only be recommended as

a solitary plant in large, specialised aquariums in which the water is replaced frequently. there are several

varieties, with different structures and leaf widths.



origin: madagascar

height: 25 - 50+ cm

wiDth: 25 - 30+ cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 5 - 7.5

coDe: c


aponogeton ulvaceus 086

Aponogeton ulvaceus is one of the most beautiful species in the Aponogeton-family. the leaves are delicate

light-green and transparent with fluted margin. a single root can produce more than 40 leaves. this means that

the plant is best as a solitary plant in large aquariums. it is relatively tolerant, and thrives in both soft and hard

water, particularly if co2 is added. there are many varieties of Aponogeton ulvaceus, some of which need a

dormant period when the root does not produce leaves.



origin: madagascar

height: 30 - 50+ cm

wiDth: 30 - 35 cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: c


28282828

azolla caroliniana 013

Azolla caroliniana is a small floating fern housing blue-green algae in its leaves. these algae are capable of

absorbing nitrogen from the air, which can then be used by the plant. Azolla caroliniana is used as nitrogen

fertiliser in rice paddies, and as animal feed. there are several related varieties on the market, with similar ap-

pearance. a decorative plant for open aquariums.

price group: por 6

familY: azollaceae

origin: north america

height: 1 - 2 cm

wiDth: 5 - 10+ cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 6 - 8

coDe: J


Bacopa australis 043a

Bacopa australis was discovered in southern Brazil (australis = southern), and it does not come from australia,

as might otherwise be assumed from its name. like the other Bacopa-species, Bacopa australis is also easy

to grow in an aquarium. under certain conditions it creeps across the bottom to form an elegantly decorative

light green cushion. when Bacopa australis grows in a good light, the leaves become reddish. it is easily pro-

pagated by taking side shoots and planting them in the substrate.

price group: pot 5

familY: scrophulariaceae

origin: Brazil

height: 7 - 30 cm

wiDth: 2 - 4+ cm


gh: 1 - 30 dh

ph: 6 - 8

coDe: a


29

Bacopa caroliniana 043

Bacopa caroliniana has been used as an aquarium plant for many years. apart from relatively good light it

makes few demands. its slow growth rate makes it one of the few stem plants that do not need much attention.

like most stem plants, it is most decorative when planted in small groups. easy to propagate by cuttings; take

a side shoot and plant it in the bottom.

price group: pot 5, Xl 9, BDt 3


origin: usa

height: 10 - 30+ cm

wiDth: 3 - 10+ cm


gh: 4 - 20 dh

ph: 5 - 8

coDe: a


Bacopa monnieri 044

Bacopa monnieri is an easy and highly recommended plant which thrives in almost all conditions. it is a plant

which is suitable for the hard water found in many european aquariums. propagate by cuttings; take a side

shoot or terminal bud and plant it in the bottom. most beautiful when a great number of shoots are planted

in a group.

price group: pot 4


origin: pan tropic

height: 25 - 50 cm

wiDth: 8 - 15+ cm


gh: 4 - 30 dh

ph: 6 - 9

coDe: a


3030

Bolbitis heudelotii 006

a water fern with very beautiful transparent green leaves. when planting do not cover the rhizome because

it will rot, and it is best to plant Bolbitis heudelotii on a root or stone. keep the plant in position with fishing

line until it has gained a hold. easy to propagate by splitting the horizontal rhizome. growth can be increased

considerably by supplying co2, and is only optimal in soft, slightly acidic water.

price group: pot 8, Xl 11, aquaDecor

familY: lomariopsidaceae

origin: west africa

height: 15 - 40 cm

wiDth: 15 - 25+ cm


gh: 1 - 13 dh

ph: 5 - 7

coDe: D


cabomba caroliniana 015

a very popular aquarium plant owing to its beautiful foliage. the least demanding of the Cabomba-species,

but still causes problems in poorly lit aquariums. if there is not sufficient light, try Limnophila sessiliflora, which

requires less light. most decorative when planted in groups. eaten locally as a vegetable.

price group: BDt 3

familY: cabombaceae


height: 30 - 80+ cm

wiDth: 5 - 8+ cm


gh: 4 - 20 dh

ph: 4 - 7

coDe: B


31

cardamine lyrata 024

Cardamine lyrata is actually a marsh plant. But it is also a familiar aquarium plant which thrives under water. a

characteristic trailing growth form makes it highly decorative, and water roots often form on the plant itself.

plant in groups, and make sure the water temperature does not exceed 28 degrees for long (this makes the

leaves much smaller and the plant more leggy). also suitable in garden ponds in the summer.

price group: pot 5

familY: Brassicaceae

origin: Japan

height: 20 - 50 cm

wiDth: 15 - 30 cm


gh: 4 - 20 dh

ph: 6 - 8

coDe: a


ceratophyllum demersum 'foxtail' 021a

Ceratophyllum demersum foxtail was found in a smaller tributary in Bolivia during an expedition to rio gua-

pore, a boundary river between Brazil and Bolivia. Ceratophyllum has no roots as such, but it can still be

planted in the bottom of an aquarium. foxtail differs because its leaves are closer together and it has lateral

shoots, which gives it an attractive, compact appearance. the plant also distinguishes itself because it is

hardier and its stalks do not break as easily as those of other Ceratophyllum-varieties.

price group: por 8

familY: ceratophyllaceae

origin: cosmopolitan

height: 5 - 80+ cm

wiDth: 5 - 15+ cm


gh: 4 - 30 dh

ph: 6 - 9

coDe: J


3232

ceratopteris thalictroides 005a

this plant normally grows fast, but the addition of co2 may be necessary to promote growth. in small open

aquariums it can grow out of the aquarium and form beautiful surface leaves. the finely branched leaves are

very decorative and provide good contrast to other leaf shapes. in good light Ceratopteris thalictroides grows

fast and helps prevent algae by consuming large amounts of nutrients. this makes it a good starter plant in

small aquariums.

price group: pot 5

familY: pteridaceae

origin: pan tropic

height: 15 - 30 cm

wiDth: 10 - 20 cm


gh: 1 - 30 dh

ph: 5 - 9

coDe: m


cladophora aegagrophila 000c

Cladophora aegagrophila is not really a plant, but a ball of algae, so it is a decorative exception from the rule

about avoiding algae at all costs. it is normally found in shallow lakes, where the movement of the waves forms

it into a sphere. in an aquarium it must be turned regularly to keep it in shape. Cladophora aegagrophila can

be divided into smaller pieces, which become spherical with time, or which form a carpet, if attached to roots

and stones. protected in parts of Japan.

price group: stk 5

familY: cladophoraceae


height: 3 - 10 cm

wiDth: 3 - 10 cm


gh: 9 - 30 dh

ph: 6 - 8.5

coDe: m


33

!

Watertank (1,400 m3) Tropicas roof surface is 11,000 m2

DiD you know

it is Tropicas aim to produce plants of the best possible quality but also with the lowest possible use

of resources! in 2007 Tropica built entirely new and state-of-the-art production facilities that made it

possible to optimise the consumption of energy, reduce the use of water, fertilizer and chemicals.

Tropica has the MPs certificate in international standard that proves that we are dedicated to reducing

resource consumption continuously.

as an example all rainwater is being gathered from the roof of the nursery. The surface covers 11,000 m2

and conducts the water into a 1,400 m3 tank that supplies the nursery with water. all rainwater is being

recycled.

Watering of a production platform with Samolus valerandi

3434

crinum calamistratum 094a

Crinum calamistratum is a very graceful bulbous plant with dark-green, very narrow leaves. it forms smaller

bulbs than the other Crinum-species, and demands more light. in the aquarium plants that are thriving form a

number of small bulbs. it is not eaten by herbivorous fish. it can also be used in brackish aquariums with low

salt concentrations.


familY: amaryllidaceae

origin: west africa

height: 40 - 120 cm

wiDth: 20 - 30 cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: l


crinum natans 094

Crinum natans is a very beautiful and graceful bulbous plant with dark-green leaves. plant so the top 2/3 of the

bulb is visible. when the plant grows older (if it is thriving) it sometimes forms small bulbs and sends a flower

stem up to the water surface with a beautiful and aromatic lily flower. the plant varies considerably in leaf width

and the shape of the leaf margin. it is also suitable for indoor ponds, and is not eaten by herbivorous fish.



origin: west africa

height: 50 - 150 cm

wiDth: 20 - 30 cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: l


35

crinum thaianum 093

Crinum thaianum is a distinctive bulbous plant belonging to the lily family. it is undemanding apart from the fact

that it needs plenty of space. plant so the top 2/3 of the bulb is visible, because otherwise the bulb tends to

rot. when the plant grows older it sometimes sends a flower stem up to the water surface with an aromatic,

elegant lily flower. herbivorous fish leave it alone due to its tough leaves. in thailand the bulb is used in a cream

used to soften the skin. it is also suitable for indoor ponds.



origin: thailand

height: 60 - 200+ cm

wiDth: 20 - 25 cm


gh: 1 - 30 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: l


cryptocoryne beckettii ''petchii'' 108a

Cryptocoryne beckettii petchii is a small variety of Cryptocoryne beckettii, which has beautiful, slightly fluted

leaf margins. like many other cryptocorynes, the leaf colour and shape depends largely on environmental

conditions in the aquarium. see other cryptocorynes for further information.

price group: pot 7

familY: araceae

origin: sri lanka

height: 10 - 15 cm

wiDth: 8 - 15 cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: f


3636

cryptocoryne crispatula var. balansae 125

Cryptocoryne crispatula var. balansae is the oldest known variety of Cryptocoryne crispatula. in the region it

comes from in southern thailand there are limestone mountains, and the water can be very hard. like many

other Cryptocorynes it needs to acclimatise before growth starts in earnest. in recent years a narrow-leaf

variety called Cryptocoryne crispatula var. flaccidifolia has often been sold.

price group: pot 8

familY: araceae

origin: thailand

height: 20 - 60+ cm

wiDth: 15 - 20+ cm


gh: 4 - 30 dh

ph: 5 - 9

coDe: f


cryptocoryne parva 106

Cryptocoryne parva is the smallest of all cryptocorynes. it is one of the few species that does not significantly

change its leaf shape and colour depending on cultivation conditions. it needs more light than most other

cryptocorynes because it almost loses its leaf blade under water. so it must never be overshadowed by other

plants. individual plants should be planted a few centimetres apart, and after about six months they will form a

cohesive low group of plants. recommended for foreground planting.

price group: pot 8

familY: araceae

origin: sri lanka

height: 5 - 10 cm

wiDth: 5 - 7 cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: f


37

cryptocoryne undulata ''broad leaves'' 110a

unlike the common Cryptocoryne undulata, this plant has wider leaves and a beautiful, flecked leaf pattern. it

also grows larger. it is known botanically as a triploid variety. see other cryptocorynes for further information.

price group: pot 7

familY: araceae

origin: sri lanka

height: 15 - 25+ cm

wiDth: 10 - 20 cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: f


cryptocoryne wendtii ''brown'' 109c

Cryptocoryne wendtii brown is a beautiful brown variety of Cryptocoryne wendtii. it is a mistake to believe

that cryptocorynes require soft water. in large parts of sri lanka the water is hard, so sri lanka cryptocorynes

are almost all suitable for hard european water. if the plant is affected by the so-called cryptocoryne disease,

do not remove it from the aquarium because a few weeks later it will produce new shoots. see other crypto-

corynes for further information.

price group: pot 7

familY: araceae

origin: sri lanka

height: 15 - 25 cm

wiDth: 10 - 15 cm


gh: 1 - 30 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: f


3838

cryptocoryne wendtii ''green'' 109

cryptocoryne wendtii ''green'' 109

Cryptocoryne wendtii green is suitable for small aquariums. when grown in an open space the leaves will

virtually lie on the bottom. like most other sri lanka cryptocorynes, it also grows well in hard water. like many

other plants, it can be affected by cryptocoryne disease. one way to prevent this is by only leaving the 4-5

newest leaves on the plant when planting. it is a good foreground plant, even in small aquariums. see other

cryptocorynes for further information.

price group: pot 7

familY: araceae

origin: sri lanka

height: 5 - 10+ cm

wiDth: 8 - 10 cm


gh: 1 - 30 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: f


cryptocoryne wendtii 'mi oya' 109D

this beautiful variety of Cryptocoryne wendtii is only found in the river mi oya. it has characteristic red-brown,

slightly hammered leaves. many cryptocorynes can grow at high temperatures. in the wild this plant is found

in streams with a temperature of more than 30 degrees c. at even higher temperatures the light intensity must

be higher or the days longer. see other cryptocorynes for further information.

price group: pot 7

familY: araceae

origin: sri lanka

height: 25 - 35 cm

wiDth: 15 - 30 cm


gh: 1 - 30 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: f


39

cryptocoryne wendtii 'tropica' 109e

this beautiful variety with the dark, hammered leaves is named after tropica. when grown in an open space

the leaves will virtually lie on the bottom. it is suitable for small aquariums. like most other sri lanka crypto-

corynes, it also grows well in hard water. see other cryptocorynes for further information.


familY: araceae

origin: sri lanka

height: 6 - 10 cm

wiDth: 8 - 12 cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: f


cryptocoryne x willisii 107

there is some confusion about the name of this plant. it used (mistakenly) to be called Cryptocoryne nevillii,

but this is the name of a species that has never been used in aquariums. like many other cryptocorynes, not

much happens the first month after planting. But then it starts to grow, and willingly produces plenty of runners

which form a compact group. see other cryptocorynes for further information.

price group: pot 7

familY: araceae

origin: sri lanka

height: 7 - 20+ cm

wiDth: 7 - 15 cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: f


4040

cyperus helferi 133a

Cyperus-species are widespread all over the tropics, but only a few of them are good underwater plants.

Cyperus helferi is the first Cyperus-species used in aquariums. it requires a relatively large amount of light,

and co2 addition is recommended to promote growth. in aquariums with good water flow the plant sways

beautifully in the current.

price group: pot 7

familY: cyperaceae

origin: thailand

height: 20 - 35 cm

wiDth: 15 - 25 cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 5 - 7.5

coDe: e


Didiplis diandra 031

Didiplis diandra is a fine foreground plant which should be planted in small groups. in good light it develops red

shoot tips which form a beautiful contrast with other green plants. a demanding plant which needs a lot of light

and prefers soft water. co2 addition boosts growth considerably. also known as Peplis diandra.

price group: pot 7

familY: lythraceae


height: 10 - 15+ cm

wiDth: 2 - 4+ cm


gh: 1 - 13 dh

ph: 5 - 8

coDe: a


41

echinodorus 'aquartica' 074f

characteristic of Echinodorus aquartica are its round, bright green leaves. its compact, low habit makes

it suitable as a decorative solitary plant. slow growing and easy to care for, Echinodorus aquartica retains

the refreshing green colour of its leaves in normal lighting and nutrient conditions in the aquarium. the plant

is a cross between several different cultivated plants, including Echinodorus horemanii and several round-

leafed Echinodorus species. Echinodorus aquartica was developed by kristian iversen from the aquartica

company.

price group: pot 7

familY: alismataceae

origin: cultivar

height: 10 - 20+ cm

wiDth: 10 - 20+ cm


gh: 4 - 20 dh

ph: 6.5 - 8

coDe: e


echinodorus x barthii 072a

Echinodorus x barthii is a decorative and beautiful solitary plant for large aquariums. the leaves change colour

from dark-red in the youngest leaves to dark-green in the oldest. the colour develops well when the light

intensity is high and there are sufficient micro-nutrients in the aquarium. a nutritious bottom and co2 addition

promote growth. this plant takes a lot of light from plants underneath, so it must be pruned occasionally. it

used to be sold as Double red.



origin: cultivar

height: 25 - 50 cm

wiDth: 20 - 30 cm


gh: 4 - 20 dh

ph: 6 - 8

coDe: e


4242

echinodorus bleheri (bleherae) 071

Echinodorus bleheri is undemanding and beautiful. a nutritious bottom promotes growth, but the plant needs

pruning to prevent it depriving plants underneath of light. Echinodorus bleheri does well even in poorly illumi-

nated aquariums, as it grows towards the light. it is a hardy and easy solitary plant for both beginners and the

more experienced with quite large aquariums. it has been sold under the name paniculatus.




height: 20 - 50 cm

wiDth: 25 - 40 cm


gh: 4 - 20 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: e


echinodorus cordifolius ssp. fluitans 073D

a comparatively fast-growing Echinodorus, suitable for large aquariums. unlike other round-leafed varieties

of the species, Echinodorus cordifolius ssp. fluitans is less likely to grow up over the water surface. if it grows

large enough, it forms large leaves just under the surface instead.

price group: pot 7


origin: mexico

height: 20 - 40 cm

wiDth: 15 - 30 cm


gh: 1 - 30 dh

ph: 5 - 8

coDe: e


43

!

Bacopa caroliniana with well developed roots

Use of stone wool for the potting of the plants Potting of Pogostemon helferi

DiD you know

Tropica was the first aquarium plant producer in the world to use stone wool as a growing media.

The use of stone wool made it possible to grow plants in pots. in the early 1970s all aquarium

plants were sold as either bunched plants or as loose plants. By using the stone wool a new era

opened for the production of aquarium plants. all over the world other producers of aquarium

plants quickly adapted this way of producing plants as it is most suitable for export. Furthermore,

it is the best way of protecting the plants roots from producer to end user.

4444

echinodorus macrophyllus 073

Echinodorus macrophyllus is one of the large, orbiculate sword plants which grow up out of even large

aquariums in good growing conditions. if light is available less than 11 hours a day it is easier to keep down

inside the aquarium. it is suitable for open aquariums, where it forms decorative heart-shaped leaves above

the water surface. it is a good idea to spray the plant to prevent it drying out. it used to be sold as Echinodorus

radicans.

price group: pot 7



height: 30 - 50+ cm

wiDth: 20 - 30+ cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 5 - 8

coDe: e


echinodorus osiris 072

in the 1970s coloured aquarium plants were rare, which is why Echinodorus osiris with its red colour quickly

became popular. a nutritious bottom promotes growth, and when there is a shortage of micro-nutrients new

leaves turn pale, thus indicating that fertiliser may be necessary. it is generally an undemanding plant which is

suitable for both soft and hard water. the red colour of the leaves grows stronger at higher light intensities. it

used to be sold as Echinodorus rubra. it is not eaten by herbivorous fish.

price group: pot 8


origin: Brazil

height: 25 - 50 cm

wiDth: 20 - 30 cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: e


45

echinodorus 'ozelot' 073f

Echinodorus ozelot is a decorative hybrid between Echinodorus schluteri leopard and Echinodorus x bar-

thii. naturally, it is the elliptical black spots on the red-brown leaves that have given this plant the name ozelot.

the spots are darkest on the youngest leaves, and unlike many other spotted Echinodorus, ozelot retains its

spots even at low light intensity. it is an undemanding, good plant for beginners.



origin: cultivar

height: 20 - 40+ cm

wiDth: 25 - 30 cm


gh: 4 - 30 dh

ph: 6 - 8

coDe: e


echinodorus 'ozelot green' 073g

a beautiful, dark-green variety of Echinodorus ozelot. the dark spots form a bigger contrast on the light

leaves. the leaf margin is fluted. a nutritious bottom promotes growth. it is an easy and highly recommended

plant, which thrives in almost all conditions.



origin: cultivar

height: 20 - 40+ cm

wiDth: 25 - 30 cm


gh: 1 - 30 dh

ph: 6 - 8

coDe: e


4646

echinodorus palaefolius var. latifolius 076

echinodorus palaefolius var. latifolius 076

in marshy conditions Echinodorus palaefolius var. latifolius has round leaves with a horizontal leaf base. under

water the leaves are narrower and longer. in the aquarium it tends to grow out of the water. this can be pre-

vented by removing the long leaves just before they reach the water surface. the next leaves will then become

shorter and the plant will remain under water. in open aquariums the plant can be allowed to grow out of the

water, but the leaf margins often dry out if air humidity is low.



origin: Brazil

height: 20 - 40+ cm

wiDth: 20 - 40+ cm


gh: 4 - 30 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: e


echinodorus quadricostatus 068

this plant has characteristic light-green leaves which form a good contrast to the darker aquarium plants. it is

most beautiful when planted in groups. in good conditions it produces runners which spread over the bottom.

very light leaves are a sign of a shortage of micro-nutrients. there is some confusion about the name of this

plant, and it has been sold as Echinodorus bolivianus var. magdalenensis.

price group: pot 7



height: 10 - 15 cm

wiDth: 15 - 20+ cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 6 - 8

coDe: e


47

echinodorus 'red Diamond' 074D

Echinodorus red Diamond appeared as a culture in the ukraine, and is probably a cross between Echino-

dorus horemanni red and Echinodorus x barthii. the resultant hybrid is an attractive plant with ruby-red

sword-shaped leaves. unlike many of the other Echinodorus-species, Echinodorus red Diamond remains

moderate in size, so it is extremely well suited as a solitary plant, even in small aquariums. increasing the nutri-

ents in the substrate results in more abundant growth, while favourable light conditions promote the formation

of the ruby-red leaves.

price group: pot 8


origin: cultivar

height: 15 - 25 cm

wiDth: 20 - 30 cm


gh: 4 - 30 dh

ph: 6 - 8

coDe: e


echinodorus 'red special' 073J

a hybrid of several different cultivated plants, characterised by copper-coloured, spatula-shaped leaves. in

some cases these have darker red patches. the plant grows abundantly in a compact shape, and is very

decorative as a solitary plant.



origin: cultivar

height: 10 - 30 cm

wiDth: 10 - 20 cm


gh: 1 - 30 dh

ph: 5 - 8

coDe: e


4848

echinodorus 'ros' 072B

this beautiful plant is a hybrid between Echinodorus horemanii rot and Echinodorus horizontalis. it was first

produced in 1986 by hans Barth in Dessau. new underwater leaves are a beautiful pink, and initially the leaves

have red-brown spots. a nutritious bottom promotes growth, but otherwise Echinodorus ros is undeman-

ding and thus an excellent plant for beginners.



origin: cultivar

height: 25 - 40 cm

wiDth: 15 - 25 cm


gh: 4 - 20 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: e


echinodorus 'rubin' 074B

Echinodorus rubin is a decorative hybrid between Echinodorus horemanii rot and Echinodorus x barthii.

the transparent, ruby-red leaves with light leaf ribs provide a particularly intensive sheen. an undemanding

plant whose growth is stimulated by co2 addition and a nutritious bottom. a good solitary plant for large

aquariums.



origin: cultivar

height: 30 - 50+ cm

wiDth: 20 - 40 cm


gh: 4 - 20 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: e


49

echinodorus tenellus 067

small foreground plants for aquariums are in short supply, but Echinodorus tenellus is one of the best. the

runners spread round the aquarium. a true lawn effect is only achieved at high light intensities, so you must

make sure larger plants do not overshadow the plant. plant individual plants a couple of centimetres apart

(easiest with tweezers). a nutritious bottom promotes growth.

price group: pot 8



height: 5 - 10 cm

wiDth: 5 - 8+ cm


gh: 1 - 13 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: i


echinodorus uruguayensis 070a

Echinodorus uruguayensis has long, narrow, transparent, dark-green leaves, making it a very beautiful solitary

plant for large aquariums. the leaf length and width vary considerably. in good growing conditions it forms

an unusual number of leaves, and a nutritious bottom and co2 addition and slightly acidic water promote

growth. a number of species formerly regarded as distinct are now included under the name Echinodorus

uruguayensis.

price group: pot 7



height: 20 - 55+ cm

wiDth: 10 - 30 cm


gh: 4 - 20 dh

ph: 5 - 8

coDe: e


5050

echinodorus 'vesuvius' 067c

Echinodorus vesuvius is a cultured species based on Echinodorus angustifolia from oriental aquarium plants.

the narrow and twisted green leaves makes it an unusual addition to the echinodorus. it grows vigorously with

many medium length and narrow leaves, and is highly decorative as a solitary plant. vesuvius spreads readily

with runners. an easy and undemanding plant that requires medium to high light conditions.

price group: pot 9


origin: cultivar

height: 10 - 20 cm

wiDth: 10 - 15 cm


gh: 4 - 20 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: e


egeria densa 058

Egeria densa is a good plant for beginners, and its rapid growth helps create a balance in the aquarium from

the start. it can also help prevent algae because it absorbs a great number of nutrients from the water. the

plant secretes antibiotic substances which can help prevent blue-green algae (a type of bacteria). the growth

rate depends largely on the amount of light and nutrition available. growth does not stop in unfavourable

conditions, but the plant turns light in colour and the tendrils grow thin.

price group: BDt 3

familY: hydrocharitaceae


height: 40 - 100 cm

wiDth: 3 - 5 cm


gh: 1 - 30 dh

ph: 5 - 8

coDe: B


51

!

Packing of Limnobium laevigatum in the submerged department

DiD you know

Tropicas employees are highly dedicated. Based on their long-term and vast experiences with

aquarium plants you are guaranteed a top quality product. Despite the use of modern electronic

equipment in the production of 130 species, it still takes a great deal of experience to identify and

evaluate the necessary processes to optimize plant growth and health. it is Tropicas philosophy

that decisions concerning both the company and the products are being taken in accordance with

our employees considerations. Job satisfaction and participation on decision-making processes

ensures Tropica employees morale and motivation levels are outstanding.

5252

eleocharis parvula 132c

Eleocharis parvula has short leaves and fast growth making it one of the most impressive carpet-forming fore-

ground plants. it spreads rapidly by runners. it is a relatively easy and undemanding plant that does best with

good light and a nutritious substrate. can be planted in small portions in the substrate and can form a dense

carpet in a matter of weeks given the right lighting and conditions. when the leaves get too long they can be

pruned with scissors to about 2cm height, encouraging new growth.

price group: pot 7

familY: cyperaceae


height: 3 - 10 cm

wiDth: 5 - 10+ cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: h


glossostigma elatinoides 045a

Glossostigma elatinoides is much in demand in Japanese-inspired aquariums. it is one of the smallest aqua-

rium plants, and thus a good foreground plant. a difficult plant demanding a lot of light. grows upwards if light

is poor. make sure larger plants do not overshadow it. when planting in the aquarium small clumps (approx.

1/8 pot) should be placed at intervals of a few centimetres to help the plants grow together more quickly. co2

addition and soft water promote growth significantly.

price group: pot 5


origin: new Zealand

height: 2 - 3+ cm

wiDth: 5 - 10+ cm


gh: 1 - 13 dh

ph: 5 - 7.5

coDe: g


53

hemianthus callitrichoides ''cuba'' 048B

Hemianthus callitrichoides is one of the smallest aquarium plants in the world, and creeps over the bottom

with millimetre-sized round leaves. if planted in small clumps a few centimetres apart, it will spread rapidly and

cover the bottom like a carpet. Hemianthus callitrichoides is an attractive foreground plant for small aquariums.

found on cuba west of havana.

price group: pot 7


origin: cuba

height: 0.5 - 3 cm

wiDth: 3 - 10+ cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 5 - 7.5

coDe: g


hemianthus micranthemoides 048a

Hemianthus micranthemoides is a graceful plant whose small, arched leaves make it look like a miniature ver-

sion of Egeria. it has a characteristic trailing growth in intensive light, so it can be used as a foreground plant. a

compact group of Hemianthus micranthemoides is very beautiful with its small, light-green leaves. in terrariums

the plant forms a compact cushion. used to be called Micranthemum micranthemoides.

price group: pot 7



height: 5 - 15+ cm

wiDth: 5 - 10+ cm


gh: 1 - 30 dh

ph: 5 - 7.5

coDe: g


5454

heteranthera zosterifolia 096

Heteranthera zosterifolia is an extremely beautiful plant which forms a lot of side shoots and thus quickly forms

a bushy plant group. in strong light growth is intensive, and the plant must be pruned before it becomes so

compact that no light reaches the lower leaves. water roots often form on the stem. in open aquariums it forms

small blue flowers if some shoots are allowed to spread on the surface.

price group: pot 7

familY: pontederiaceae


height: 30 - 50 cm

wiDth: 10 - 15 cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: a


hydrocotyle sibthorpioides (maritima) 039a

Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides is a beautiful plant which can be difficult to grow. intensive light is vital. in the wild it

is found in very arid conditions which are rarely flooded. used to be sold as Hydrocotyle maritima.

price group: pot 5

familY: apiaceae

origin: south-east asia

height: 3 - 8 cm

wiDth: 5 - 10+ cm


gh: 1 - 13 dh

ph: 6 - 8

coDe: i


55

hydrocotyle verticillata 039

unlike other Hydrocotyle species, this plant retains its trailing growth form. optimum growth is only achieved

in strong light and soft, slightly acidic water. it does not need to be rooted, but can be used as a floating plant.

Hydrocotyle verticillata is definitely a foreground plant which can also be used in garden ponds. it can also be

used as an indoor plant if the soil is kept moist.

price group: pot 5

familY: apiaceae

origin: america

height: 3 - 7 cm

wiDth: 5 - 10+ cm


gh: 1 - 13 dh

ph: 5 - 8

coDe: i


hygrophila corymbosa 053

Hygrophila corymbosa is an undemanding starter plant that originates from asia. in the aquarium it will spread

fast and create bright green, long and wide leaves. it is a fast growing plant that must be pruned frequently.

new shoots will spread from the stem and make the plant look bushier. the cuttings can be re-planted in the

bottom of the aquarium where new roots form quickly.

price group: BDt 3

familY: acanthaceae


height: 30 - 50 cm

wiDth: 15 - 20 cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: B


5656

hygrophila corymbosa 'angustifolia' 052a

hygrophila corymbosa 'angustifolia' 052a

under water Hygrophila corymbosa angustifolia has relatively narrow leaves which are grouped close to-

gether. plants sold in the shops are normally cultivated above water, and have rounder leaves with larger gaps

between them.

price group: pot 5

familY: acanthaceae


height: 25 - 60 cm

wiDth: 20 - 35 cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: a


hygrophila corymbosa ''compact'' 052D

a very compact variety of Hygrophila corymbosa, with the leaves set close to the stalk. forms numerous side

shoots, enhancing the compact appearance. the leaves are a dark brownish green when the plant is delivered,

but after a transitional period in the aquarium they turn light green and silver-white on the underside. in strong

light the newest leaves are reddish brown in colour and in time the oldest ones die away - especially in dimmer

light. new side shoots form often, to replace the old.

price group: pot 8

familY: acanthaceae

origin: cultivar

height: 5 - 15 cm

wiDth: 5 - 10 cm


gh: 1 - 30 dh

ph: 5 - 8

coDe: a


57

!

More than one million plants sees the light in Tropicas laboratory

DiD you know

Tropicas tissue laboratory was started in 1994 and today more than one million plants are produced

there annually for our own production, spread over more than 50 cultures (e.g. Hygrophila, Bacopa,

and Pogostemon). Plants from the tissue laboratory get the perfect start to their lives with optimum

growth conditions from both light and nutrition as they are being produced in glass containers iso-

lated from their surroundings. uniformity, heightened survival capacity, greater compactness, many

plants in each pot, enhanced adaptability these are just a few of the ideal properties that associated

to plants that begin their lives at Tropicas tissue laboratory.

Cutting of Marsilea hirsuta mother material Tissue laboratory

5858

hygrophila corymbosa 'siamensis' 053a

under water the leaves are light-green and dense. in open aquariums Hygrophila corymbosa siamensis

grows easily above the water surface, where it forms blue-green leaves and small blue flowers. it grows fast

and the shoots must be pinched out regularly if you want to keep the plant under water. an extremely hardy

plant, suitable for beginners.


familY: acanthaceae

origin: thailand

height: 15 - 40 cm

wiDth: 15 - 20 cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: a


hygrophila corymbosa 'siamensis 53B' 053B

Hygrophila corymbosa siamensis 53B is a variety of Hygrophila corymbosa siamensis. this Hygrophila

siamensis 53B forms an incredible amount of side shoots and becomes bushy relatively rapidly. its beautiful

bright green leaves are narrower than the regular siamensis and it can achieve red-brown leaves in good light

conditions. an undemanding, fast growing plant that must be pruned frequently to maintain a bushy growth.

price group: pot 4

familY: acanthaceae


height: 15 - 30+ cm

wiDth: 10 - 15 cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: a


59

hygrophila difformis 051

Hygrophila difformis is beautiful and undemanding. a plant for beginners which can help create a balance in

the aquarium from the start. its rapid growth helps prevent algae because the plant absorbs a great number of

nutrients from the water. the shortage of micro-nutrients leads to pale leaves, which may be an indication that

the aquarium needs fertiliser. in large aquariums its lobed leaves can create a distinctive group.

price group: BDt 3

familY: acanthaceae


height: 20 - 50 cm

wiDth: 15 - 25 cm


gh: 1 - 30 dh

ph: 5 - 8

coDe: B


hygrophila pinnatifida 051a

Hygrophila pinnatifida originates from india. it obtains brown, patched leaves on the surface with a distinctive

burgundy colour underneath. it creates horizontal side shoots and the top shoots should be pinched out in

order to maintain compact and attractive growth. the horizontal side shoots easily attach to both wood and

rocks. growth is moderate and the colour is attractive when planted in small groups with a plain background.

intense lighting ensures compact growth due to the plants slow to medium growth rate.

price group: pot 8

familY: acanthaceae

origin: india

height: 15 - 40+ cm

wiDth: 15 - 30+ cm


gh: 4 - 20 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: a


6060

hygrophila polysperma 050

Hygrophila polysperma is one of the hardiest aquarium plants available. it is particularly good for beginners

because it grows in almost all conditions. it normally grows so fast that it is important to prevent it crowding

out other plants. the shoots must be pinched out regularly. leaves lying on the surface form small new plants.

Hygrophila polysperma varies considerably in leaf shape and colour, depending to some extent on the light

supplied.

price group: pot 5

familY: acanthaceae


height: 25 - 40 cm

wiDth: 10 - 20 cm


gh: 4 - 30 dh

ph: 5 - 8

coDe: a


hygrophila polysperma 'rosanervig' 050B

Hygrophila polysperma rosanervig is normally an undemanding plant. But if you want deep-pink leaves you

must provide intensive light. the distinctive colouring of the light leaf ribs is probably caused by a virus which

prevents chlorophyll from being produced in the cells around the leaf ribs, making them white. however, this

virus does not affect other plants in the aquarium.

price group: pot 5

familY: acanthaceae

origin: cultivar

height: 20 - 30+ cm

wiDth: 6 - 10 cm


gh: 4 - 20 dh

ph: 5 - 8

coDe: a


61

Juncus repens 133f

Juncus repens is widespread in shallow water and along the banks of ponds and lakes in north america. in an

aquarium Juncus repens is decorative and distinguishes itself from other aquatic plants. if it grows under water,

Juncus repens forms leaves in rings, and, depending on its growth conditions, it often develops a thick, bushy

habit. the leaves are normally light green, but in good light the underwater form of Juncus repens most fre-

quently becomes reddish. new shoots form willingly from the nodes, so Juncus repens is easy to propagate.

price group: pot 8

familY: Juncaceae

origin: usa

height: 7 - 30 cm

wiDth: 5 - 7+ cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 5 - 8

coDe: e


lilaeopsis brasiliensis 040

Lilaeopsis brasiliensis can grow very compact, but a lawn effect is only achieved at high light intensity. when

planting in the aquarium small clumps (approx. 1/8 pot) should be placed a few centimetres apart to help the

plants grow together more quickly. place in an open position without shading from other plants to ensure

good light. Lilaeopsis brasiliensis can be used in garden ponds, and also tolerates low salt concentrations in

brackish aquariums.

price group: pot 6

familY: apiaceae


height: 4 - 7 cm

wiDth: 5 - 10+ cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 6 - 8

coDe: i


6262

lilaeopsis mauritiana 040B

this Lilaeopsis species demands less light than Lilaeopsis brasiliensis. tropicas founder, holger windelv,

found it on mauritius in 1992. the plants height and distance between its leaves depend on the light intensity.

the more light it gets, the lower the plant and the denser the leaves. the runners spread round the aquarium.

should be planted like Lilaeopsis brasiliensis.

price group: pot 7

familY: apiaceae

origin: mauritius

height: 5 - 10 cm

wiDth: 5 - 10+ cm


gh: 1 - 30 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: i


limnobium laevigatum 063

Limnobium laevigatum is a decorative plant that is particularly suitable for open aquariums. it is also good in

traditional aquariums, because the fine, long and decorative roots provide protection to gouramies and other

surface fish that like the roots of floating plants. if there are enough nutrients in the water and the light intensity

is good, new leaves will appear above the water surface.

price group: por 6

familY: hydrocharitaceae


height: 1 - 5 cm

wiDth: 5 - 10+ cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 5 - 8

coDe: J


63

limnophila aquatica 046

an extremely beautiful aquarium plant circled by light-green and finely branched leaves. in the right growing

conditions with added co2 and a nutritious bottom this plant grows fast. in good light it forms horizontal side

shoots and becomes attractive and bushy. most decorative when several stems are planted in a small group.

in open aquariums it sometimes sends shoots above the water surface, forming small blue flowers.

price group: pot 7



height: 25 - 50 cm

wiDth: 15 - 20 cm


gh: 1 - 13 dh

ph: 5 - 8

coDe: a


limnophila sessiliflora 047

Limnophila sessiliflora is a good and undemanding plant which is a good alternative to Cabomba, which

demands a lot of light. the plant often grows leggy in poor light, but this can be counteracted to some extent

by stimulating growth by co2 addition. most beautiful when planted in groups. in good growing conditions it

sends out runners and spreads across the bottom. Limnophila sessiliflora used to be called ambulia.

price group: pot 7



height: 15 - 40 cm

wiDth: 10 - 15 cm


gh: 4 - 20 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: a


6464

lindernia rotundifolia 045

lindernia rotundifolia 045

Lindernia rotundifolia grows on sandy banks along streams in asia. the plant is undemanding and the stems

with marbled leaves quickly form compact groups. Lindernia rotundifolia is suitable both for background and

as a solitary mid-ground plant with leaves growing tightly from top to bottom. a good starter plant that thrives

under most conditions.

price group: pot 6


origin: asia

height: 15 - 30+ cm

wiDth: 10 - 20+ cm


gh: 4 - 20 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: a


lobelia cardinalis 053c

in the nursery this plant is cultivated in marshy conditions, forming dark-green leaves which are purple under-

neath. in aquariums the leaves turn a beautiful shade of light-green. it needs intensive light to thrive. widely

used in Dutch aquariums in so-called plant streets. in open aquariums it grows above the water surface,

where it forms very beautiful scarlet flowers and the leaves regain their colour. can be used in garden ponds.

price group: pot 5

familY: lobeliaceae


height: 20 - 30+ cm

wiDth: 7 - 15 cm


gh: 4 - 20 dh

ph: 6 - 8

coDe: a


65

ludwigia arcuata 035

this is a narrow-leafed Ludwigia species, so it is often mistaken for Didiplis diandra. it requires a relatively large

amount of light before forming a red stem and red leaves, and thrives best in slightly acidic, soft/medium hard

water. the most decorative effect can be achieved by planting it in groups. it is suitable for small aquariums,

and can also be used as a terrarium plant.

price group: pot 7

familY: onagraceae

origin: usa

height: 25 - 50 cm

wiDth: 3 - 5 cm


gh: 1 - 13 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: a


ludwigia glandulosa 035a

Ludwigia glandulosa is a very beautiful water plant. it is slowgrowing and requires co2 addition to grow well.

the leaves turn greener if sufficient light is provided. used to be sold as Ludwigia perennis.

price group: pot 5

familY: onagraceae


height: 15 - 40 cm

wiDth: 5 - 12 cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 5.5 - 8

coDe: a


6666

ludwigia repens 'rubin' 033D

variety of Ludwigia repens with striking dark red leaves and stalk. it makes a fine colour contrast to the green

shades in the aquarium. plant in large groups to enhance the decorative effect, and prune regularly to encou-

rage bushy growth. the plant makes few demands, but if light is insufficient the lower leaves tend to fall off. in

strong light the colour becomes more intense.

price group: pot 7

familY: onagraceae


height: 20 - 50 cm

wiDth: 10 - 20 cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 5 - 8

coDe: a


marsilea hirsuta 010

Marsilea hirsuta is a fascinating plant, usually delivered with leaves like a four-leaf clover. after a transitional

period it develops different types of leaves, possibly a low form with single leaves like a large Glossostigma,

or alternatively develop two, three or four-lobed leaves varying in height, depending on the growth conditions.

whichever form the plant adopts, it forms runners and spreads rapidly round the aquarium.

price group: pot 5

familY: marsileceae

origin: australia

height: 2 - 10+ cm

wiDth: 5 - 10+ cm


gh: 1 - 20 dh

ph: 5 - 7.5

coDe: h


67

micranthemum umbrosum 048

Micranthemum umbrosum is a beautiful plant with small round leaves. it is suitable for small or large aquariums.

relatively demanding in terms of light. co2 addition is recommended to prom

Documents

Tropica. Plant Guide