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............................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. : ................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................... .............................................................................................................. / ........................................................................................................ ...................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................ ..................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................ : ............................................................................................................................. 5..........................................................................................................................................MD ....................................................................................................................... .....................................................................................................................................live CD ................................................................................................................ : live CD ................................................................................................................CD ROM ........................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... .........................................................................................................................................
6 16 46 46 56 76 96 07 37 67 77 77 38 48 68 78 78 88 88 98 98 09 49 59 69 69 001 401 501 601 701 011 211 411 511 611
....................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................ : ................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... .............................................................................. ........................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................ ................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................. ....................................................................... ................................................................................................................................ ....................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... ..............................................................................................................................theme ........................................................................................................... Screensaver .................................................................................................. Screen Resolution .............................................................................................................. 3D ....................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................Envyng ........................................................................................................................ Services ................................................................................................. startup programs ............................................................................ Reduce Power Consumption ..............................................................................................startup manger
7 321 421 521 821 821 821 031 131 231 231 331 431 731 831 931 931 931 041 041 241 541 841 941 051 151 251 351 451 551 751 851 061 261 361 461
: ................................................................................... .................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................. : .............................................................................................................................. : ............................................................................................ ...................................................................................................GetDeb.net .............................................................................................source-o-matic .................................................................................Medibuntu repository ............................................................................................................. ......................................................................................................................... : ................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................. .......................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................ : ............................................................................................................ubuntu update : ....................................................................................................third party software : ........................................................................................................ internet updates : ...........................................................................................................Authentication : ................................................................................................................. Statistics : ..................................................................................................... : .................................................................................................source code ................................................................................................. binary file .................................................................................................. Libray : : : .................................................................................................. package file
: ........................................................................................... software version 1- source code .......................................................................... 2- Binary file ................................................................................ 11 ............................................................................................................Real player : ...................................................................................................... package mangement : ...........................................................................................Dependency mangemen
8 461 461 461 561 661 761 861 961 071 071 171 271 271 271 271 371 371 471 571 571 571 671 771 871 971 181 181 281 281 381 481 581 681 781 881 981 091
: .................................................................................................... : .......................................................................................... : ........................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................. ) / (.................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................... 3- ...................................................................... dpkg : ................................................................................................................................ : ................................................................................................................................. : ...................................................................................................................... 4- : .................................................................................. Advanved package tools : ................................................................................................................................ : .................................................................................................................................. : ................................................................................................. configuration files : ...................................................................................................... : ............................................................................................. ............................................................................................................... : ................................................................................................... : ....................................................................................................................... : ....................................................................................................... : .......................................................................................................... 5- .................................................................aptitude .......................................................................................................aptitude ...............................................................................................aptitude ................................................................................................aptitude .....................................................................................aptitude ........................................................................................................................ .......................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................ ..................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................. ............................................................................... 6- ................................................................................................ 7- .................................................................................................. 8- Klik ............................................................................................................ 9- Shell Script ......................................................................................................
9 291 491 791 891 302 602 512 422 722 132 732 042 142 142 242 242 442 542 742 052 052 152 552 062 162 662 072 172 572 672 282 582 982 092 192 292
01- RunPackage ................................................................................................ 11- ........................................................gdebi ................................................................................................... 21- ........................... Add/Remove Application ...................................................................................................... 31- ...........................Synaptic package manger 41- .................................................. CNR Client 51- .................................................... Easyubuntu 61- ................................................Ubuntu Tweak 71- ........................................................Ultamatix ........................................................................................................APTonCD : ...................................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................................. ........................................................................................................................................ ...................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................. ...................................................................................................................firefox ........................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................Liferea Newsread .....................................................................................................................................Thunderbird ....................................................................................................... : .................................................................................................................................Evolution : .............................................................................................................Mozilla Thunderbird ...................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................Pidgin ............................................................................................ ..................................................................................................................................................Ekiga ....................................................................................................................................WengoPhone ............................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... .......................................................................................................................................... Azureus .............................................................................................................................................Filezilla .................................................................................................................................................Skype
01 392 492 592 592 592 692 792 792 892 992 992 003 703 703 903 113 213 313 413 813 023 123 223 223 323 623 723 133 133 233 333 533 633 633 833 933 443
.................................................................................................................................................Xchat ....................................................................................................................................Digital Audio ............................................................................................ : ................................................................................................................................ : ............................................................................................................................... : ...................................................................................................................... ................................................................................. ................................................................................................................. ...............................................................................................................Multimedia Frameworks ....................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................... ................................................................................... playback ........................................................................................................................................ ......................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................. ........................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................Rhythmbox Music Player 1- ................................................................................... 2- ........................................................................................................................Podcasts 3- .................................................................................................................... .....................................................................................................CD ................................................................................................................................... Sound Juicer ..................................................................................................................CD ................................................................................................................CD ............................................................................................................................ ....................................................................................................................................... Serpentine ..................................................................................................................................................Ipod ................................................................................................................................. ipod ..............................................................................................................................................Gtkpod ..........................................................................................Ipod .................................................................................................................... ..............................................................................................................GNOME Sound Recorder : .................................................................................................................... : ...............................................................................................................Audio .......................................................................................................................................... Audacity .......................................................................................................................................
11 543 943 053 353 353 553 163 263 763 763 863 963 073 173 373 473 573 673 773 873 183 683 883 983 983 293 393 493 593 593 693 793 893 993
................................................................................................................Totem ............................................................................................................................ .......................................................................................................................................... Thoggen ................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................... 01 ...................................................................................................................................RealPlayer ................................................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................................Pitivi video editor ............................................................................................................................ .........................................................................................................................................Audacious ............................................................................................................................................Mplayer ...................................................................................................................................................K3B .............................................................................................................................................K9Copy .............................................................................................................................................Amarok ............................................................................................................................................Kaffeine .................................................................................................................................................Gxine ...................................................................................................................................................VLC .....................................................................................................................................Streamtuner : ...................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................gThumb .........................................................................................................................................The GIMP ....................................................................................................................F-Spot .................................................................................................................F-Spot : ..............................................................................F-Spot : ...............................................................................F-Spot : .................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ...............................................................................................................Inkscape ........................................................................................InkScape ................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................... .....................................................................................................................XSane Image Scanner ............................................................................................................................................Digikam
21 004 104 204 304 404 404 504 504 604 704 704 704 804 904 904 014 114 214 314 414 414 614 714 814 814 914 914 024 124 124 224 324 324 524 724 724 724
: .......................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................. ....................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................. ......................................................................... ................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................. ......................................................................................... .............................................................................................................. .................................................................................................. ........................................................................................................ .............................................................................................................................. ........................................................................................................ .......................................................................................................... ...................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................. .................................................................. ...................................................................................................... : ......................................................... ......................................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................................. ...................................................................................................................... .............................................................................................................. ............................................................................................MOUNT .................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................. .......................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ............................................................................ ............................................................................................................................................. ....................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................
31 724 824 824 824 824 924 034 234 234 334 434 534 734 834 934 044 044 144 344 444 744 944 154 354 454 554 754 954 064 164 264 364 464
........................................................................................................ ........................................................................................... ........................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................ ............................................... .................................... ..................................................................................................................................... ........................................................................................................ ...................................................................................................... .................................................................................... .................................................................................................................... : ..................................................................................... : ................................................................................................ offline system documentation : .................................................................................................online system documentation 1- ..............................................................................................................official 2- ..........................................................................................community Docs : ...............................................................................................................Community Support 1- ...................................................................................................... Mailing lists 2- ........................................................................................................ Web Forums 3- ...................................................................................................... IRC Channels 4- ......................................................................................................... LoCo Teams 5- ..........................................................................................................Ubuntu Team Wiki : ..........................................................................................................Launchpad 1- ..............................................................................................Launchpad Technical Answers 2 - ........................................................................................Launchpad Bug Tracker: Malone 3- ............................................................................................................................... Shipit : ........................................................................................................................... The Fridge : ............................................................................................Paid For Commercial Services 1- ....................................................................Professional Support Services from Canonical 2- .................................................................................................. The Canonical Marketplace
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: : 52 : : : www.linuxac.org : kasper
51
ubuntu live CD , 3 5 , 001%
61
71
open source source code fix bugs GUI
81
1- : : 2- : . . : . 3- : : ) ( 4- : " " . . . : . " " " "
91
5- : : . . . 6- : : . 7- : . : 8- : . . : ) ( 9- : . : . GPL GPL
02
Free Software Movement, Open Source and Linux
The Free Software Movement IBM MIT GNU ) AT&A (
5891 copyleft copyleft ) (GPL 1991 GNU GCC GNU compiler collection kernel
12
Open Source Movement and Linux ) (free software ) (open source 1991 ) ( ) Minix (
4991 10.0 GPL kernel GNU CLI
X Window System GUI kernel
22
GNU/Linux open source code / / 1- 2- 3- 8991 ""maddog . Perens .
dot.com ) Corel (Corel Linux ) Sun Microsystems (OpenOffice.org )IBM (OpenAFS dot.com
32
ubuntu linux / laptops desktops servers Web browser presentation document spreadsheet instant messaging " " " " / 4002 Mark Shuttleworth Debian GNOME http://no-name-yet.com 3 000,21 7002 8 Canonical
Mark Shuttleworth Thawte VeriSign 9991 HBD 1002 2002
42
.. .. .. . Ubuntu oo-bunt-oo . 1- 2- Canonical 3- 4- CD 40.8 01.7 .. 01.7 40.8 .. .. 8002 40.8 8 8002 40 4 . 01.7 LTS LTS LTS Long Term Support .. .
52
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, . , . .. .. .
, , ) ( Spyware ) ( Adware . .
, , . , , 001 , . : . D .
62
. , , . .
, , , , , , . , , .. !
, . , , , , . , .. , . ..
72
ubuntu versions 4002 6 desktop 3 server 5 .
82
Ubuntu Derivatives
1- : ubuntu desktop environment GNOME .
2- : Kubuntu KDE GNOME .
3- : Xubuntu XFC .
4- : Edubuntu desktop environment GNOME .
92
Ubuntu Development and the Community
4002 code advocacy artwork translations testing .documentation . Canonical . : developer fix bugs . : artist . : . packager https://wiki.ubuntu.com/MOTU/GettingStarted
03
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/IdeaPool : : 1- . 2- . 3- . 4- . 5- . 6- . : 1- . 2- . 3- . 4- . : Canonical http://www.ubuntu.com/training Canonical third-party http://wiki.ubuntu.com/Training
13
Ubuntu and Microsoft Windows: Key Differences : 1- : !!! 2- : !!! 3- : 4- : Associated Costs third party pdf third party pdf . 5- : . 6- : New version releases 6 .
23
7- : Security aspects malware root , administrative privileges ) root ( .
8- : Customisation ubuntu & kubuntu & xubuntu & Edubuntu , ubuntu KDE 00042 . 9- : Data Storage backing up home .
33
/ malware
6 malware home
43
53
63
www.ubuntu.com ubuntu live CD http://www.ubuntu.com/getubuntu/download
5MD ..
5 MD 5 MD SFV ) ( UBUNTU 5 MD .
5MD 5 MD .
md5summer ) (ISO .CD
http://www.md5summer.org
73
: 1 - 5 MD . 2 - 5 Md . 3 - ISO . 4 - calculate 5. MD 5 - compare .
MD5 check sums are the same .
83
CD )6 (Nero 1 - CD/ DVD /Image 2 - burn image to disk
3- ) (ISO .
93
4- writing speed 8x verify data of disk after burning .
04
next finish ubuntu live CD
14
live CD . ) (live ) ( live CD ) (USB flash memory ) (hard disk ) ( RAM MEMORY
live CD1- live CD . 2 - live CD ) (GUI . 3 - ROOT . 4 - rescue . 5 - boot loader . 6 - ) (repartition . 7 - , live CD . ) ... ( RAM . 8 - . 9 - live CD . ) ( hardware .
24
01- live CD live CD . 11- ) (.
liveCD .reboot live CD .
34
live CD 1- reboot Delete . 2- advanced BIOS features
3- : first boot device : second boot device : third boot device CD ROOM hard disk floppy disk
44
01 f restart
54
64
live CD CD ROM . English
install ubuntu
74
: 1- try ubuntu without any change to your computer CD Live CD 2- ubuntu check CD for defects
84
ubuntu installation steps : English .
: .
forward
94
:
) (Arabic .
forward
05
prepartition IDE/ATA /dev/hda = Primary master The main hard disk in the computer and the one that is booted by default : hda A hda1= C hda5= D hda6= E hda7= F D 2 hda Primary Partitions c primary partition 1 hda extended logical partitions extended 2 4 logical extended 5 dev/hdb :Primary slave A hard disk connected to the same IDE cable as the main hard disk On the CD/DVD drive is connected to the primary slave some budget compute : hdb CDROM DVD B hdb1=G hdb5=H hdb6=I hdb7=J /dev/hdc : Secondary master Usually, this is the CD/DVD drive /dev/hdd : Secondary slave A hard disk connected to the same IDE cable as the CD/DVD drive SATA hd sd c 1 sda 1hda
15
1hda
2hda
3hda
4hda
hda1=C
hda5=D
hda6=E
hda7=F
hda8=G
Primary
25
prepartition fat32 & NTFS 3& EXT2 & EXT REISERFS
3EXT2&EXT 3 EXT
VFAT&NTFS
SWAP C
REISERFS Journaled 3 EXT2&EXT .
35
prepare disk space ) (back up .
45
: guided resize IDE master , partition 5 # (hda5) and use freed space slider . 4 . . we must be free up enough disk space
55
: 1- ) (Disk defragment : C C . Disk defragmenter 1- my computer C 2- properties tools Defragment new
C Defragment
65
2- ) (clean up : C
.
Disk cleanup ok
75
3- ): (Turn off System Restore . % 21 C C 01 0021 1- my computer properties System Restore 2- turn off system restore on all drives
3- yes Apply OK
85
4- : hibernation
0001 C 1- start control panal power options 2- Hibernate Enable hibernation
5- : uninstalling unused software
95
: : Guided use entire disk ) (hard disk format .
: master slave . master slave primary logical
06
: : manual 1- 2- root swap home 3- SWAP & REISERFS 01 . swap RAM
16
: : Manual NTFS 23 Fat 3 EXT ) (partition : 1C = dev/hda 5D = dev/hda 6E = dev/hda
26
1- partition 2- Delete partition . free space 3- Edit partition : ROOT . : 9557MB : 3EXT : / : ) (SWAP SWAP 995MB : ) (performance ) (virtual memory . ROOT SWAP
36
swap )(mbPhysical RAM 652 215 4201 8402 Swap 483 867 6351 2703
: undo changes to partitions root . swap
: ) (root ) 3 ( EXT .
46
: :Migrate documents and settings
... my documents
: . 2- 4- 1- 3-
56
: Ready to install
66
Restart new
ubuntu
76
86
ubuntu linux
96
07
Desktop enviroment Explorer 3 My Computer Internet Explorer My Network Places ,
1- 2- 3- hung
17
X Window System X X Xfree86.org : 1- X 2- KDE GNOME
KDE
GNOME
68Xfree
27
1- 2- 3- Explorer 4- 5- 6- 7- 8- 9- 01
37
1- : GNOME GTK
2- :KDE QT
47
3- : XFCE
4- : XPDE
57
67
GNOME GNU Network Object Model Environment GUI , http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNOME
77
upper bar lower bar
:
3 System Places Applications 1- : Applications
87
2- : Places home folder multi-user
3- : System
97
3 Mozilla Firefox Evolution Help
1- Add to panel
2- Add drag and drop Application Application Launcher
08
Application Games
Add
18
move
11F
28
SYSTEM TRY shut down shuts down & restarts & hibernates & locks & standby
: Switch User : Lock Screen .. Alt+Ctrl+L : Log Out : Shut Down : Restart :Hibernate .. Hibernate ..
38
:
2 , ) ( trash
48
work space
CTRL+ALT CTRL+ALT+SHIFT
58
2 Preferences
;,;,
68
Waste basket open Delet from trash
cut paste
78
1- C windows fonts copy
2- ubuntu linux home place Ctrl+H creat folder .fonts home font .fonts
3- home system < preference