Unit Three

Sports Heroes

determine

• She determined to go that very afternoon.

• My mom's encouragement determined me to go on with my study.

• determine on/upon

• be determined to do

• He was determined to win the game.

• at the cost of 以。。。。为代价• He saved the baby at the cost of his life.

• at all costs 、 at any cost [ad.] 不惜代价，• We should promote the goods at all cost

s.

• [n.] 价格，代价，费用，成本• The cost of the used car is 2000.

• The production cost

• The cost of living 生活费• Cost price 成本价

• Cost [vt.] 花费（金额，费用，时间，劳力），付代价 ( 无被动 )

• *cost+n.• This jacket cost 200 dollars.• How much does it cost to build the bridge?• Such a difficult job costs a lot of time and e

ffort.• *sth. Cost sb. +n.• It will cost you 500 dollars to repair the ca

r.• Careless driving will cost you your life.

• C.F. cost/price/expense

• Cost 指某样东西或做某事的费用或代价，还可指成本。主语常是物。

• Price 指东西的价格，标价。• Expense 常用复数，表示费用开支。 Ho

usehold ~/traveling ~/

• Fight against sth./sb. 为反对… . 而战，和… .. 斗争

• Fight with sb.

• Fight for

• Fight off 击退、 fight back 回击

tough [a.]

• (1) 物体强硬的，坚硬的• This tire is ~er than that one.

• (2) 严厉的，粗暴的• *be ~ with

• The manager is ~ with his employees

• (3) 强壮的• He looks the ~est of all.

• At the beginning/in the end

• At the beginning of/in the end of

• From beginning to end

•

engage

• (1)[vt.] 使… . 从事 *engage oneself/sb.in= sb. Be engaged in sth./doing sth.….

• He wants to ~ himself to foreign trade.

• He is engaged in helping others.

• (2)[vt.] 占用（时间、精力）• Computer ~s his interest now.

• Studying ~s all my spare time.

• champion [n.] 冠军、 [a.] 冠军的 a ~ team

• Championship [n.] 冠军身份，冠军称号

match [vt./n.]

• [vt.] 和… . 相配，和… . 相匹敌• Your hat matches your dress well

• No one can match her in the knowledge of classical music..

• [n.] 比赛、火柴

• in weight 在体重上• In age/size/height

• Stubbornly [ad.] 顽强得，顽固地• Stubborn [a.]

• A ~ man

• His ~ courage made him respected.

• Stubbornness [n.]

• be on one’s side 站在某人一边，支持某人• Whose side are you on?

survive

• (1) [vi] 幸存下来• Only three people ~d• (2)[vt.] +n.• Only one baby ~d the terrible car crash.• Few houses ~d the storm.• (3)[vt.] 比…活得长久，经受住• The girl ~d her parents.• Rivera ~d endless blows.• Survivor [n.] 幸存者 survival (n.)

• blow[c.n.] 打击，殴打；精神上的打击• *give/strick sb.a blow 打某人一拳• He gave me a blow on the head.

• I got such a blow and fell down.

• My father’s death was a great blow to me.

• [v.] blow 吹，吹响

defence(defense) [n.] 防卫，防御， 防御物

• The Department of Defense 国防部• They built a bank as a defense against fl

ooding.

• [v.] defend

• frightening [a.] 令人恐怖的• frightening scene/story

• frightened [a.] 感到恐怖的• The ~ girl was speechless.

• The child stared at the man with ~ eyes.

• be ~ to do /that….

• She was very ~ to look down from the top of the building.

• The boy was ~ that he would get lost.

• [vt.] frighten (~ed/~ed) 使恐惧，使害怕• *~ sth./sb.

• The sudden noise ~ed us.

• The little girl was ~ed by the big dog.

• play trick 耍花招• Play a trick on sb. 捉弄某人

• pretend to do/be doing/have done

• [n.] pretendence

• at the last instant 在最后一瞬间• instant [n./a.]

• [n.] 瞬间 刹那＝ moment

• She was told to clean the room in an ~.

• *this ~ /that ~ [ad.] 现在，那时候• Do your homework this ~.

• *at the same ~ 在同一刻

• the ~ [conj.]=as soon as

• She began to cry the instant she read the letter.

• [a.] 立刻的，立即的；速容的• an ~ death/ an ~ reply/~ coffee/~ noodles

• .should have done 本该做…实际没有做• Should not have done 不该做但实际上做

了• You should have come to see me last nig

ht, but you didn’t.

• You should not have gone to the movies yesterday, but you did.

Strike (strick, struck/stricken) 敲打，袭击

• Strike while the iron is hot.

• The tsunami struck Southeast Asia suddenly in 2004.

• He was struck with fever.

• A poverty-stricken area

• by the dozen(by dozens) 以打计算• Eggs are sold ~.• dozen [n.] 一打。十二• 前有数字是单复数同形。后接名词，不用

of• These pencils are $3 a dozen.• Three dozen eggs• Two dozen bottles of beer• dozens of 几十个• I have been there dozens of tomes.

• mercy [n.] • [u.n.] 慈悲，怜悯，宽恕• He showed little ~ to the prisoners• *without ~ 无情地• He made the decision ~.• *show ~ on sb./have ~ on sb. 对某人怜悯• We should learn to show ~ on others.•

• throw oneself on sb’s ~ 请求某人宽恕• He threw himself on the ~ of the master.

• at the ~ of sb/at sb’s ~ 受人摆布• The boat was at the ~ of the rapid river.

• show no ~ in doing 没有怜悯• The general showed no ~ in killing all his p

risoners.

• Before sb could do… 乘…还来不及• The roof collapsed before he could run out.

demand (v/n.)• The boss demanded that Mary (should) finish it

within a week.• (advise/insist/order/propose/require/request/sug-

gest)• He demanded to try again• demand sth. of/from sb. • I demand an answer from him.• There is a great demand for English books.• Meet the demand of/on demand

• care [v.] 在乎，忧虑• I won’t care who give me advice.

• Some one may be angry at this but I don’t care.

• care about/care for

Matter

• ( 常用于否定句和疑问句 ) 有关系 , 要紧• All these things do not matter now.

• It doesn’t matter how long their hair is.

• What matters is that ..

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