Uputstvo Za Projektovanje KDS

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Uputstvo o izradi tehničke dokumentacije za kablovsko distributivne sisteme

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  • :

    :

    :1-06-110 -....../08 - 1

    1 1:

    2 2: 3 3: 4 1: 5 2:

  • 2

    1. 4

    2. 4

    3.

    3.1

    3.2 ,

    3.3.

    3.4.

    4.

    5.

    6. -

    6.1.

    6.2.

    6.3.

    6.4. ,

    6.5.

    6.6.

    6.7.

    6.8.

    7.

    7.1.

    7.2. -

    7.2.1.

    7.2.2.

    7.2.3.

    7.2.4.

    7.2.5. -

    7.2.6. ,

    5

    5

    5

    6

    9

    16

    19

    20

    20

    21

    21

    21

    21

    21

    21

    22

    22

    22

    22

    23

    23

    23

    24

    25

    25

  • 3

    7.2.7.

    7.2.7.1. ()

    7.2.7.2.

    7.2.7.3. ,

    7.2.7.4.

    7.2.8.

    7.2.8.1

    7.2.8.2

    7.2.8.3.

    7.2.9.

    7.2.10.

    7.2.11.

    7.2.12. ,

    7.2.13.

    7.2.14.

    8. -

    9.

    10.

    11.

    12.

    13.

    14.

    14.1. 1:

    14.2. 2:

    14.3. 3:

    25

    25

    25

    40

    41

    42

    42

    42

    42

    46

    46

    46

    47

    47

    47

    48

    48

    49

    49

    49

    49

    50

    50

    54

    58

  • 4

    2007.

    9. 18. ( ,.44/03 36/06) . 18. 11. 37. 2. 9. ( ,78/05),

    _____________2007.,

    1.

    1.1. ().

    1.2. , .

    1.3. ,

    , , .

    1.4 , ,

    .

    2

    (), , ,

    .

    , -

    , .

    :

  • 5

    1. -; 2. - -; 3. ()

    -; 4. - -, 5. -; 6. - ( -)

    -,

    3

    .

    , .

    .

    3.1

    [1] ; [2] ; [3] ; [4] ; [5] .

    3.2 ,

    [6] ; [7] - ; [8] ,

    ; [9]

    ; [10] ; [11]

    ; [12]

    ; [13] ; [14]

    ; [15] ; [16]

    ; [17] ,

    ; [18] -; [19] -

    -; [20] .

  • 6

    3.3

    SRPS N.B2.741/86 ; ; .

    SRPS N.B2.742/86 ; . .

    SRPS N.B2.743/86 ; . .

    SRPS N.B4.901-950/1971-1993

    .

    SRPS N.B4.802 : 1997 , , , .

    SRPS N.B4.803 : 1996 ; . .

    SRPS N.B4.810 : 1996 ; .

    SRPS N.B4.811 : 1996 ; .

    SRPS IEC 61312-4: 2004 ; .

    SRPS N.N6.010, 1989 -; - ; , .

    SRPS N.N6.011, 1978 -; K . SRPS N.N6.012, 1979 -;

    a .

    SRPS N.N6.134, 1980 -; - , .

    SRPS N.N6.135, 1980 -; , .

    SRPS N.N6.160, 1989 -; ; ; .

    SRPS N.N6.162, 1989 -; ; ; .

    SRPS N.N6.163, 1989 -; ; ; .

  • 7

    SRPS N.N6.164, 1989 -; ; ; .

    SRPS N.N6.165, 1989 -; ; ; .

    SRPS N.N6.166, 1989 -; ; ; ; .

    SRPS N.N6.167, 1989 -; ; ; ; .

    SRPS N.N6.168, 1989 -; ; ; .

    SRPS N.N6.170,1987 -; ; , .

    SRPS N.N6.171, 1986 -; ; .

    SRPS N.N6.172, 1989 -; ; 30 MHz 1 GHz; .

    SRPS N.N6.173, 1978 -; ; ; - .

    SRPS N.N6.174, 1978 -; . ; .

    SRPS N.N6.175, 1978 -; ; ; RF-/ .

    SRPS N.N6.176, 1978 -; ; ; RF-/ .

    SRPS N.N6.177, 1978 -; ; ; .

    SRPS N.N6.178, 1978 -; ; ; .

    SRPS N.N6.179, 1978 -; ; .

  • 8

    SRPS N.N6.180, 1978 -; ; ; RF- / ; .

    SRPS N.N6.181, 1978 -; ; ; RF-/ ; .

    SRPS N.N6.182, 1978 -; ; ; RF-/ ; .

    SRPS N.N6.183, 1978 -; ; ; RF-/ ; .

    SRPS N.N6.184 -; ; ; RF-/. ; , .; .

    SRPS N.N6.185, 1978 -; ; ; RF-/ ;

    .

    SRPS N.N6.186, 1978 -; ; ; RF-/ ; .

    SRPS N.N6.188, 1984 -; ; ; .

    SRPS N.N6.189, 1984 -; ; ; .

    SRPS N.N6.190, 1984 -; ; ; .

    SRPS N.N6.191, 1986 ; -

    .

    SRPS N.N6.192, 1988 -; ; ; , .

    SRPS N.N6.501, 1989 -; -

    30 MHz 1000 MHz; .

  • 9

    SRPS N.N6.502, 1981 -; -

    30 MHz 1000 MHz; .

    SRPS N.N6.503, 1989 -; -

    30MHz 1000 MHz; .

    SRPS N.N6.504, 1989 -; -

    30 MHz 1000 MHz; .

    SRPS N.B2.741, 1989 . SRPS N.B2.742, 1988 . SRPS N.B2.743, 1995 . SRPS N.B2.751, 1988

    .

    SRPS N.B2.752, 1988 . SRPS N.B2.754, 1988 .

    3.4 :

    EN 50083/EN 60728 (series)

    Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services;

    EN 50083-1 + A1 + A2

    Part 1: Safety requirements;

    EN 50083-2 + A1

    Part 2: Electromagnetic compatibility for equipment;

    EN 50083-3 Part 3: Active wideband equipment for coaxial cable networks;

    EN 50083-4 Part 4: Passive wideband equipment for coaxial cable networks;

    EN 50083-5 Part 5: Headend equipment;

    EN 50083-6 Part 6: Optical equipment;

    EN 50083-7 + A1

    Part 7: System performance;

    EN 50083-8 Part 8: Electromagnetic compatibility for networks;

    EN 50083-9 Part 9: Interfaces for CATV/SMATV headends and similar; professional equipment for DVB/MPEG-2 transport streams;

    EN 50083-10 System performance for return paths

    EN 60728-3 Part 3: Active wideband equipment for coaxial cable networks;

  • 10

    EN 60728-6 Part 6: Optical equipment;

    EN 60728-10 Part 10: System performance for return paths;

    EN 60728-11 Part 11: Safety;

    EN 50117 Coaxial cables used in cabled distribution networks;

    EN 55013 + A1 + A2

    Sound and television broadcast receivers and associated equipment - Radio disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement (CISPR 13:2001, mod. + A1:2003 + A2:2006);

    EN 55016-1-1 + A1

    Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods Part 1-1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus Measuring apparatus (CISPR 16-1-1:2003);

    EN 55020 + A1 + A2

    Sound and television broadcast receivers and associated equipment - Immunity characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement (CISPR 20:2002 + A1:2002 + A2:2004);

    EN 55022 + A1 + A2

    Information technology equipment Radio disturbance characteristics Limits and methods of measurement (CISPR 22:1997 + A1:2000 + A2:2002, mod.);

    EN 55024 + A1 + A2

    Information technology equipment Immunity characteristics Limits and methods of measurement (CISPR 24:1997 + A1:2001 + A2:2002, mod.);

    EN 60966-2-4 Radio frequency and coaxial cable assemblies; Part 2-4: Detail specification for cable assemblies for radio and TV receivers (Frequency range 0 to 3000 MHz, IEC 61169-2 connectors) (IEC 60966-2-4:2003);

    EN 60966-2-5 Radio frequency and coaxial cable assemblies; Part 2-5: Detail specification for cable assemblies for radio and TV receivers (Frequency range 0 to 1000 MHz, IEC 61169-2 connectors) (IEC 60966-2-5:2003);

    EN 60966-2-6 Radio frequency and coaxial cable assemblies; Part 2-6: Detail specification for cable assemblies for radio and TV receivers (Frequency range 0 to 3000 MHz, IEC 61169-24 connectors) (IEC 60966-2-6:2003);

    EN 61000-3-2 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 3-2: Limits - Limits for harmonic current emissions (equipment input current up to and including 16 A per phase)(IEC 61000-3-2:2000, mod.);

    EN 61000-4-2 + A1 + A2

    Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 4-2: Testing and measurement techniques Electrostatic discharge immunity test (IEC 61000-4-2:1995 + A1:1998 + 2:2000);

    EN 61000-4-3 + A1

    Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 4-3: Testing and measurement techniques Radiated, radio-frequency,

  • 11

    + IS1 electromagnetic field immunity test (IEC 61000-4-3:2002 + A1:2002);

    EN 61000-4-4 + A1 + A2

    Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 4-4: Testing and measurement techniques Electrical fast transient/burst immunity test (IEC 61000-4-4:1995 + A1:2000 + A2:2001);

    EN 61000-4-6 + A1 + IS1

    Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 4-6: Testing and measurement techniques Immunity to conducted disturbances, induced by radio-frequency fields (IEC 61000-4-6:1996 + A1:2000);

    EN 61000-6-1 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 6-1: Generic standards Immunity for residential, commercial and light-industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-1:1997, mod.);

    EN 61079-1 Methods of measurement on receivers for satellite broadcast transmissions in the 12 GHz band - Part 1: Radio- frequency measurements on outdoor units (IEC 61079-1:1992);

    IEC 60050 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV); CISPR 16-1 Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring

    apparatus and methods - Part 1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus;

    EN 60068 / HD 323 Environmental testing/Basic environmental testing procedures;

    EN 60417 Graphical symbols for use on equipment (IEC 60417 series); EN 61319-1 + A11

    Interconnections of satellite receiving equipment Part 1: Europe (IEC 61319-1:1995);

    EN 80416 Basic principles for graphical symbols for use on equipment (IEC 80416 series);

    HD 134.2.S2 Radio frequency connectors Part 2: Coaxial unmatched connector (IEC 60169-2:1965 + A1:1982);

    ES 200 800 Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); DVB interaction channel for Cable TV distribution systems (CATV);

    ETS 300 158 Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES) - Television Receive Only (TVRO-FSS) Satellite Earth Stations operating in the 11/12 GHz FSS bands;

    ETS 300 249 Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES) - Television Receive Only (TVRO) equipment used in the Broadcasting Satellite Service (BSS);

    EN 60130-9 Connectors for frequencies below 3 MHz . Part 9: Circular connectors for radio and associated sound equipment (IEC 60130-9:2000);

    EN 60244-5 Methods of measurement for radio transmitters Part 5: Performance characteristics for television transmitters (IEC 60244-5:1992);

  • 12

    EN 300 163 Television systems - NICAM 728: Transmission of two-channel digital sound with terrestrial television systems B, G, H, I, K1 and L;

    EN 300 473 Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) - Satellite Master Antenna Television (SMATV) distribution systems;

    HD 134.2 S2 Radio frequency connectors - Part 2: Coaxial unmatched connector (IEC 60169-2:1965 + A1:1982);

    HD 571 S1 General principles for the creation of graphical symbols for use on equipment (IEC 60416:1988);

    ETS 300 457 Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES) - Test methods for Television Receive Only (TVRO) operating in the 11/12 GHz frequency bands;

    CCIR Rec. 468 Measurement of audio frequency noise in broadcasting and in sound recording systems;

    ITU-T Rec. J.61 Transmission performance of television circuits designed for use in international connections (Formerly ITU-R Rec. 567-3);

    ITU-T Rec. J.101 Measurement methods and test procedures for teletext signals (Formerly ITU-R Rec. 720);

    CCIR Report 624 Characteristics of television systems; IEC 60617 Graphical symbols for diagrams; IEC 61280-2-2 Fibre optic communication subsystem basic test procedures Part 2-

    2: Test procedures for digital systems Optical eye pattern, waveform, and extinction ratio;

    IEC 61280-4-2 Fibre optic communication subsystem basic test procedures Part 4-2: Fibre optic cable plant Single-mode fibre optic cable plant attenuation;

    IEC 61282-4 Fibre optic communication system design guides Part 4: Guideline to accommodate and utilize nonlinear effects in single-mode fibre optic systems;

    IEC 61290-1-3 Optical fibre amplifiers Basic specification Part 1-3: Test methods for gain parameters Optical power meter;

    IEC 61290-3 Optical fibre amplifiers Basic specification Part 3-1: Test methods for noise figure parameters;

    IEC 61290-3-2 Optical fibre amplifiers Part 3-2: Test methods for noise figure parameters Electrical spectrum analyzer;

    IEC 61290-5 Optical fibre amplifiers Basic specification Part 5: Test methods for reflectance parameters;

    IEC 61291-1 Optical fibre amplifiers Part 1: Generic specification;

    IEC 61931 Fibre optics Terminology;

  • 13

    ITU G.692 Optical interfaces for multichannel systems with optical amplifiers;

    EN 300019-1-3 Environmental Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions and environmental tests for telecommunications equipment; Part 1-3: Classification of environmental conditions; Stationary use at weatherprotected locations;

    EN 300 744 Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Framing structure, channel coding and modulation for digital terrestrial television;

    ETS 300 249 Satellite Earth Stations (SES); Television Receive Only (TVRO) Satellite Earth Stations operating in the 12 GHz BSS band;

    EN 60793-2-10 Optical fibres - Part 2-10: Product specifications Sectional specification for category A1 multimode fibres (IEC 60793-2-10:2002);

    EN 60793-2-50 Optical fibres - Part 2-50: Product specifications Sectional specification for class B single-mode fibres (IEC 60793-2-50:2002);

    EN ISO/IEC 13818-1 Information technology - Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information - Part 1: Systems (ISO/IEC 13818-1:1996);

    EN ISO/IEC 13818-9 Information technology - Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information - Part 9: Extension for real-time interface for systems decoders (ISO/IEC 13818-9:1996);

    EN 300 421 Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) - Framing structure, channel coding and modulation for 11/12 GHz satellite services

    EN 300 429 Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) - Framing structure, channel coding and modulation for cable systems;

    ETR 290 Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) - Measurement guidelines for DVB systems;

    IEC 60874-14 Connectors for optical fibres and cables - Part 14: Sectional specification for fibre-optic connector - Type SC;

    ISO 2110 Information technology - Data communication, 25 pole DTE/DCE interface connector and contact number assignments;

    ISO/IEC 14165-111 Information technology - Fibre Channel - Part 111: Physical and signalling interface (FC-PH);

    ITU-R Rec. BT.656-4 Interfaces for digital component video signals in 525-line and 625-line television systems operating at the 4:2:2 level of recommendation ITU-R BT.601;

    ITU-T Rec. G.654 Characteristics of cut-off shifted single-mode optical fibre and cable;

  • 14

    ITU-T Rec. G.703 Physical/electrical characteristics of hierarchical digital interfaces;

    ITU-T Rec. G.957 Optical interfaces for equipments and systems relating to the synchronous digital hierarchy;

    ES 200 800 Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); DVB interaction channel for Cable TV distribution systems (CATV);

    IEC 60065 Audio, video and similar electronic apparatus Safety requirements;

    IEC 60825-1 Safety of laser products Part 1: Equipment classification, requirements and user's guide;

    IEC 60825-2 Safety of laser products Part 2: Safety of optical fibre communication systems (OFCS);

    ISO 3864 Graphical symbols Safety colours and safety signs Part 1: Design principles for safety signs in workplaces and public areas;

    EN 50162 Protection against corrosion by stray current from d.c. system; EN 60950 Safety of information technology equipment; ETSI EN 300 019-1-3 Environmental Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions and

    environmental tests for telecommunications equipment; Part 1-3: Classification of environmental conditions; Stationary use at weatherprotected locations;

    ETSI EN 300 019-1-4 Environmental Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions and environmental tests for telecommunications equipment; Part 1-4: Classification of environmental conditions; Stationary use at non-weatherprotected locations;

    TSI EN 300 253 Environmental Engineering (EE); Earthing and bonding configuration inside telecommunications centres;

    ETSI EN 300 339 Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);General ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) for radio communications equipment;

    ETSI EN 300 386 Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Telecommunication network equipment; ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) requirements;

    ETSI EN 301 169-1 Equipment practice;Engineering requirements for outdoor enclosures;Part 1: Equipped enclosures;

    ETSI EN 301 169-2 Equipment practice;Engineering requirements for outdoor enclosures;Part 2: Unequipped enclosures;

    ETSI EN 301 489 Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standard for radio equipment and services;

    IEC 60169-1 Radio-frequency connectors. Part 1: General requirements and measuring methods;

    IEC 60169-2 Radio-frequency connectors Part 2: Coaxial unmatched connector

  • 15

    IEC 60169-8 Radio frequency connectors -- Part 8: RF coaxial connectors with inner diameter of outer conductor 6,5 mm (0,25 in) with bayonet lock - Characteristic impedance 50 ohms (type BNC)

    EN 60169-24 Radio frequency connectors Part 24: Radio frequency coaxial connectors with screw coupling, typically for use in 75 ohm cable distribution systems (Type F) (IEC 60169-24:1991);

    IEC 60215 Safety requirements for radio transmitting equipment; IEC 60364 Electrical installations of buildings; EN 60529 + A1

    Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529:1989 + A1:1999);

    IEC 61024-1 Protection of structures against lightning - Part 1: General principles;

    ISO 14001 Environmental Management Systems Specifications with quideance for use;

    ITU-T K.20 Resistibility of telecommunication equipment installed in a telecommunications centre to overvoltages and overcurrents;

    ITU-T K.31 Bonding Configuration and Earthing of telecommunication instalations inside a subscriber's building;

    ITU-T K.35 Bonding Configuration and Earthing at remote electronic sites; ITU-T K.40 Protection against LEMP in telecommunications centres; ITU-T K.52 Guidance on complying with limits for human exposure to

    electromagnetic fields;

    ITU-T K.58 EMC, resistibility and safety requirements and procedures for co-located telecommunication installations;

    ITU-T K.69 Maintenance of protective measures; ITU-T L.22 Fire protection; ITU-T L.44 Electric power supply for equipment installed as outside plant; ITU-T L.45 Minimizing the effect on the environment from the outside plant in

    telecommunication networks; IEC 60896-21 Stationary lead-acid batteries Part 21: Valve regulated types Methods

    of test; IEC 60896-22 Stationary lead-acid batteries Part 22: he technical requirements for

    stationary VRLA batteries; HMS specifications

    Interoperable management systems for evolving HFC cable networks;

    SCTE HMS PHY HMS Outside Plant Status Monitoring Physical (PHY) Layer Specification;

    SCTE HMS MAC HMS Outside Plant Status Monitoring Media Access Control (MAC) Layer Specification;

    SCTE HMS PSTIB HMS Outside Plant Status Monitoring Interface Bus (PSTIB) Specification Power Supply to Transponder;

    SCTE HMS ALARMS MIB HMS Alarms Management Information Base;

  • 16

    SCTE HMS COMMON MIB

    HMS Common Management Information Base;

    SCTE HMS FIBERNODE MIB

    HMS Fiber Node Management Information Base;

    SCTE HMS PROPERTY MIB

    HMS Alarm Property Management Information Base;

    SCTE HMS PS MIB HMS Power Supply Management Information Base; SCTE ROOT MIB SCTE Root Management Information Base SCTE HMS GEN MIB HMS Power Supply Generator Management Information Base; SCTE HMS TIB MIB HMS Transponder Interface Bus Management Information Base;

    SCTE HMS DOWNLOAD MIB

    HMS Transponder Firmware Download Management Information Base;

    SCTE HMS TREE MIB HMS Root Object Identifiers Management Information Base;

    4

    .

    a () ( , ), , .

    (). O :

    - (), - () - .

    ,

    , ,

    ( , , ).

    () , , .

    () , , , -.

    () () , .

    () .

  • 17

    , - .

    . ,

    ,

    .

    () ,

    .

    , .

    .

    , () , . ,

    .

    -

    / . ,

    () . .

    .

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    .

    (). ,

    (MMDS, MVDS), (, , , , , .) / :

    - ,

    - ,

    -

    - .

    . ( . , . 13/96).

  • 18

    ( ) -

    / .

    ( ) -

    .

    , , , , ,

    .

    ,

    ( ) .

    .

    () . - / .

    .

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    RF .

    .

  • 19

    -

    .

    .

    .

    () .

    .

    / .

    .

    HFC , .

    (Fiber Node) , - .

    () (HFC) . (CMTS - Cable Modem Termination System)

    HFC .

    DOCSIS/EuroDOCSIS - HFC .

    PacketCable/ EuroPacketCable -

    .

    ( ) [IEV 161-01-20] , .

    Screening effectivness

    .

    5

    :

  • 20

    CTB Composite Triple Beat CSO Composite Second Order Beat DOCSIS Data Over Cable Service Interface Specifications C/N ili CNR Carrier-to-Noise Ratio ASC utomatic Slope Control AGC Automatic Gain ontrol RIN Relative Intensity Noise QED Quantum Efficiency of Detector VoP Velocity of Propagation VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol USB Universal Serial Bus CMTS Cable Modem Termination System FN Fiber Node HFC Hybrid Fiber/Coax (System) NMS Network Management System RF Radio Frequency HMS Hybrid Management SubLayer DAB Digital Audio Broadcasting LNB Low Noise Block SMATV Satellite Master Antenna Television (System) MATV Master Antenna Television (System) MTBF Mean Time Between Failure MER Modulation Error Rate

    6 -

    6.1

    - -

    -. - -

    . ,

    - , ,

    - ( -). (), - ( -).

  • 21

    6.2

    :

    1) ; 2) ; 3) a ; 4) ; 5) , ; 6) ; 7) ; 8) ; 9) ; 10) .

    6.3

    :

    1) , ; 2) - ; 3) ; 4) ; 5) , ; 6) ; 7) ,

    ;

    .

    ,

    .

    6.4 ,

    , ,

    .

    6.5

    .

    6.6

    .

    6.7

    - - , :

    - ,

    - , - , ,

    - ,

  • 22

    - , - .

    6.8

    .

    7

    7.1

    - -, - -, , ,

    - -,

    , . -.

    : -.

    - / : - ; - ; - ( ); - .

    - /, - .

    7.2 - - :

    1) ; 2) ; 3) ; 4) ; 5) , ; 6) ; 7) ( , ,

    ...); 8) ( , ...); 9) ; 10) ; 11) ; 12) ; 13) ; 14) .

    , , -

    .

    .

  • 23

    7.2.1

    : 1) ; 2) -; 3) ; 4) ; 5) ; 6) ; 7) ; 8) 110 mm

    155 mm; 9) , ; 10) ; 11) ; 12)

    .

    .

    7.2.2

    7.2. 1. . , , , .

    .

    7.2.3

    , , -

    - , :

    1) ; 2) ; 3) ; 4) ( )

    ; 5) ; 6) ; 7)

    , ,

    ; 8)

    ,

    ; 9)

    - () , ( ), ;

  • 24

    10) , , , ;

    11) .

    :

    1) ; 2) ,

    ;

    3) ;

    - / .

    7.2.4

    , ,

    -.

    -, -, .

    , ,

    -,

    .

    : - (, , , ,

    , , .); o ,

    o ,

    o ( , , ),

    o / , - -;

    o ,

    o ( , ),

    o ,

    - ,

    , ; - - ;

    - ;

    - ;

    - ;

    - ( , , ).

  • 25

    , :

    - , ,

    - ,

    - ,

    - ; - ,

    - , , ,

    - .

    7.2.5 -

    -

    -. a - , ,

    .

    7.2.6 ,

    , ,

    .

    7.2.7 :

    - () ,

    - ,

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    7.2.7.1 () ,

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    7.2.7.2

    -. , -, . / - , ,

    - .

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  • 26

    , , . -.

    : - ,

    -

    V () , ,

    ( , LNB , , .), .

    () : ,

    ,

    .

    -,

    :

    o () V ( ITU 4 SRPS N.N6.134),

    o V . , :

    I VHF 48 dBV/m, III VHF 55 dBV/m, IV UHF 65 dBV/m, V UHF 70 dBV/m,

    (/). o .

    FM :

    48 dBV/m, 54 dBV/m; 60 dBV/m, 66 dBV/m; 70 dBV/m, 74 dBV/m.

    o () , :

    ; ; ; ; , , .; ;

    o ( ,

    ,

    ),

  • 27

    o ( ),

    o

    ( 2,5 ),

    o VHF/UHF , :

    1: (m)

    VHF I VHF II VHF III UHF IV/V

    VHF I 2.50 1.40 1.40 0.80 VHF II 1.40 1.10 0.80 0.80 VHF III 1.40 0.80 0.80 0.80

    UHF III/IV 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 : 1 .

    o UHF ( 0,5 ),

    o ,

    o - ( ),

    o ( ),

    o , ( ) .

    IEC 61024-1, ,

    ,

    o

    , EN 60728-11, o

    ,

    o ( 1000 V 1m, 1000 V 3m, ).

    - () a e FM aa e VHF II (87,5 - 108 MHz). , , aa aea, .

    () , , :

    o e a aa (MHz), o eeeaa aee,

    o a (dBi), o ae-aa (a eee ) (dB),

  • 28

    o a a ea (), o a aee (m), o aa aee (kg), o aaa a a ea (N).

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  • 29

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  • 30

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  • 31

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  • 32

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  • 33

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  • 34

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  • 35

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  • 36

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  • 37

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  • 38

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  • 39

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  • 40

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  • 41

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  • 42

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  • 43

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  • 45

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  • 46

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  • 47

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  • 50

    14 14.1 1:

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  • 51

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  • 54

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  • 55

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  • 56

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  • 57

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  • 58

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  • 63

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