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"CAFDA LT CAPE TOWNX CON/CIENCE"

Cape Flats Distress AssociationC A F D A

OFFICE-B EARERS, 1957President ................V ice-Presidents

Executive Com m itteeMrs. Rose Brodie Rev. S. Buckle Mr. P. Carelse Mr. M. Colman Dr. R. S. Cullis Mr. H. H. Esslinger Mr. Peter Leigh Mrs. C. M. Louw Mr. J. P. Louw Adv. D. B. M olteno

Advocate D. B. M oletno Mrs. N. B. Spilhaus Mrs. M. H. Ensor

Bishop W . Parker (Chairm an)Mr. J. A. V. RuckMr. G ordon SearleRev. C. J. SkettMrs. N. B. SpilhausMrs. R en StodelRev. E. O. TorranceM iss B. W estphalMrs. B. W yatt.

Finance and General Purposes Com mitteeRev. S. Buckle Mr. J. F. Louw Bishop W ilfrid Parker

Fund Raising Com m itteeMrs. Anderton Mrs. G uy de Villiers Lady Lovatt de Villiers Mrs. G. Ellis

Industrial Training Centre Com m itteeMrs. L. ArnoldMrs. R. BrodieDr. R. S. CullisMr. H. H. EsslingerMr. D , Find lingMrs. R. FoxMrs. O. H. M. G oodw inMrs. H. H andley

CAFDA Utility Com pany BoardMr. Leighton Ashm ead Councillor C. Bakker C hief Assistant (Local Governm ent) Mr. H. H. Esslinger (Chairm an) Councillor N orm an M urray Mr. Peter Leigh

W ardenDr. O. D. W ollheim

Mr. G . Searle (Chairm an) Rev. C. J. Skett

Mrs. A. NaudeBishop W . Parker (Chairm an) Mrs. D. Stubbs

Mrs. H. R. K eyterMr. Jas. LittlerMrs. R. W . M orrisBishop W. Parker (Chairm an)Mr. E. J. Price.Mrs. Reynolds Mrs. Dr. R oux Mr. G ordon Searle

Mr. Hugo Naude Mr. C. Pam a Mr. J. A. V. Ruck Mr. G ordon Searle Dr. O. D. W ollheim

(M anaging D irector i.

AddressPrince George Drive, Retreat Phone 7-9111

PrefaceAny industrial revolution brings an aftermath of social

chaos and dislocation. The discovery of the power of steam and its harnessing at the turn of the century 150 years ago in Britain led to the “ Hungry Forties” when millions moved from the rural areas into the cities to provide the manpower for the newly formed industries.

Cities became swollen overnight and housing lagged behind the needs for more than half a century; ignorant and illiterate labour was ruthlessly exploited; morbidity, infant mortality and disease rates rose with alarming rapidity. The same process repeated itself in North America and many countries of Europe in the latter half of the last century, and the process repeats itself now in the Union of South Africa.

The Cape Peninsula has doubled its population in a decade and a half and continues to grow. The Witwatersrand has grown even faster. Appalling overcrowding and slums continue to exist; unskilled labourers are paid far less than the basic cost o f keep­ing alive; disease and death rates, in spite of the new drugs, are as high as ever.

It is a pity that man does not tend to learn from history, because what is happening in the Union of South Africa has happened for exactly the same reason and with exactly the same results in other countries before us. Had we been wise we might have learned these lessons, profiting by their errors and using their remedies.

In the meantime, the “ Hungry Forties,” so brilliantly described by Charles Dickens and by Arthur Bryant in England, can be seen every day in Alexandra Township, Cato Manor, Korsten and Cook’s Bush. The same means that Britain used will have to be used here to wipe out these blots on our land­scape: living wages, decent houses, proper medical service, education and good use o f leisure.

In the meantime, the social work agencies like CAFDA must cope with the position as best they can. Much of the work is “ ambulance” work and patch-work; more and more it becomes basically reconstructive work, but all the time it only touches on the fringes of the problem.

This book tells you how it is done and we rely on you to enable us to do it and to extend it beyond the fringes.

O ur esteem ed Chairm an, the Rt. Rev. W ilfrid Parker, has not been well fo r som e tim e and it therefore falls to m e to write the report he would norm ally have subm itted. W e are extrem ely sorry that he has had

this setback and trust that he will soon be restored to fu ll health and resum e the post w hich he has occupied w ith such distinction and com petence over several years.

T h e grow th o f CAFDA has been steady and unspectacular w hen viewed from year to year, but when one com pares the position to -d a y w ith what it was ten years ago, the grow th im m ediately becom es dram atic. I have been looking at past Annual R eports and feel that you would be as interested as I was to com pare some o f the figures o f 1947 w ith those o f 1957.

Land and buildings were valued at £5,486 in 1947 but stand at £14,930 to -d a y— alm ost three tim es as m uch. T o this figure should actually be added the value o f the CAFDA Village, standing at approxim ately £176,000. D onations from the public and from fund-raising efforts indicate the degree o f support en joyed by an organisation and these figures fo r 1947 and 1957 are £2,138 and £13,276

Rt. Rev. W . Parker respectively. T he N on-P rofit Shop has increased its turnover from £3,378 to some £26,000.

As fo r activities, th e fou rth A nnual R eport gives particulars o f the Shop, Clinic, Soup K itchen , M erchandise Sales, four different Club activities, the Nursery, P enny B ank and Sheltered Em ploym ent for nine disabled men. A ll these activities still run, but on a vastly expanded scale, and others have been added. There are, fo r exam ple, now 60 m en in training w ith over 100 successfully placed in open em ploym ent; instead o f 120 gallons o f soup per week, we cook and provide over 400 gallons per day; the Penny Bank Savings total over £500 per annum ; the W elfare Office has four Social W orkers, a clerk and a Senior O fficer to deal w ith problem s.

This trem endous expansion has on ly been m ade possible by the extraordinary loyalty, efficiency and initiative o f the W arden, Dr. O. D. W ollheim , Sub-W arden, M r. D. Findling, and our staff. W e wish to record our indebtedness— and that o f those whom CAFDA serves—to them and also to the w arm -hearted public whose benefactions have made the expansion possible.

PE TE R LEIGH,A cting Chairman.

M AN IN H IS W EB

D uring the year 1957 there was n o single event o f im portance to w hich I feel reference should be made. O n the other hand, it has been borne in upon m e m ore and m ore how im possible life becom es for those w ho are below the Bread Line.

M y Industrialist friends and m any conservative econom ists say that you can on ly pay a m an w hat he is worth and that a man with a low degree o f literacy and productivity cannot be paid m ore than his £3 to £3 10s. per week. T o pay h im m ore would upset the w hole cost structure o f our econom y.

T h en there are the more progressive Econom ists and a growing num ber o f the general public, both in business and out, w ho hold that increases in wages autom atically bring increases in productivity and purchasing power in their train, and that h igh wages pay.

As a Social W orker it seems to m e to be im portant that such questions should be thrashed out because the present system is leading to a situation in w hich the general econom y together w ith its labour supply is being threatened.

M an’s Environm entM an can on ly exist in an environm ent w hich surrounds h im like a

spider’s web. He m ust have h is fam ily occupying the nearest concentric rings w ith his friends and close associates form ing the next sector o f rings. Outside o f these are other rings w hich represent his em ploym ent, his shops, his clubs, the Post Office and Police Station and the institu­tions and organisations w ith w hich he is in constant contact. W ay beyond these rings are the other persons w hom he sees and has dealings w ith from tim e to time— the passengers on the train, the people in the streets, the in com e-tax people.

These are connected together by the radial lines o f the spider’s web w hich hold the w hole in position and enable the m an to make effective contact w ith all the rings surrounding him.

T he whole o f the web is firm ly held in place by strong bands o f silk, w hich are attached to a tree or a gatepost representing the general patterns, the m oral and aesthetic values and the custom s and usage o f the general com m unity in w hich he lives.

Disturb this web at any one point and you im m ediately reduce the effectiveness o f the m an ’s contact w ith his environm ent or parts o f it. This can be caused by a death, a long illness, reduced circum stances, change o f em ploym ent or residence, or any o f a host o f other causes.

I f a m an is not in effective relation w ith the people and institutions w hich form his environm ent, he is a p roblem ; if he has good and proper relations he never presents any problem . D isturbed relationships w ith his environm ent result in behaviour aberrations such as aggressive­ness, intolerance, abuse o f alcohol, crim e and unhappiness.

M ain CausesT h is is CAPDA’S m ain problem , and there are tw o m ain breaks in

the web. O f the 350,000 Coloured people in the Peninsula, m ore than100,000 are below the poverty datum level— in other words, th ey d o not earn enough to keep alive.

D uring the past 20 years m ore than 100,000 Coloured people (m any o f these the sam e persons as the poverty-stricken ones) have m oved into the Cape Peninsula from rural areas, and not on ly found them selves in a strange environm ent w ith strange custom s and habits, but also have changed their occupations from simple agricultural workers to unskilled labourers in the com m ercial and industrial com plex o f a busy urban area. T h is is breaking m an ’s web w ith a vengeance.

Poverty inhibits proper relationships w ith your environm ent because the Breadwinner cannot provide the recognised cloth ing and cover for him self and h is fam ily, n or can h e h ire or buy a recognised form o f house, nor can he feed him self and his fam ily accord ing to recognised standards. He is forced to restrict the schooling o f his children and he cannot afford the recognised form s o f recreation.

I f he is a new m igrant to a town he also has n o proper relationships with others because they are strangers, they dress differently, they speak in different terms, and they behave accord ing to a com pletely different set o f standards.

It is n o w onder that in fant m ortality rates am ong Coloured people are ten tim es higher than those am ong Europeans, that the incidence o f tuberculosis is tw enty tim es as great and that there is a h igh degree o f juvenile delinquency, abuse o f a lcohol and distorted form s o f behaviour in other fields.

I t costs approxim ately £5 10s. per week (reckoned in the lowest possible term s) to keep alive a man, his w ife and three small children. Most o f the Coloured fam ilies w ho are poverty-stricken have fam ilies larger than th is and their average earnings are less than £4 per week.

Cafda Copes with PovertyIn order to try and bridge the gap betw een what the unskilled

worker earns and w hat he needs to keep h im self and his fam ily alive, CAFDA runs a n on-profit shop : a service w hich distributes at very low cost used clothing, furniture and household com m odities: provides cheap and effective housing through its subsidiary Utility Com pany and runs a nursery to enable both parents to w ork without neglecting their children.

T he Cafda ShopIn 1957 the shop sold food and vegetables, fruit and m ilk to a total

value o f £26,557.This com pares w ith the 1956 sales o f £18,644, showing an increase of

£7,913.N o charge was m ade against the shop fo r electricity, rent or over­

heads and the shop show ed an excess o f incom e over expenditure of £157, as com pared w ith £281 in the previous year.

Clothing and Furniture Service

In 1957 a generous Cape Tow n public gave quantities o f clothes, furniture, crockery and cutlery. A num ber o f the larger furniture firms also donated large quantities of used furniture.

N o-one can buy from the regular sales held at CAFDA without first being investigated by th e Social W orkers and proved to be below the bread-line. Each purchaser m ay only buy once per m onth and is only allowed very restricted quantities in order to avoid abuse.

In 1957 goods to the value o f £2,291 were sold, from w hich had to be deducted expenses totalling £705, w hich left us w ith a credit balance o f £1,586, used to subsidise the nursery and other activities w hich bring in no return.

In 1956 the sales totalled £2,929, from w hich had to be deducted expenses o f £621, leaving a credit o f £2,308.

The Housing Schem e

1957 was the first fu ll year w hich we are able to report on. Tw o hundred fam ilies have been accom m odated, representing a total popula­tion o f 1,275 persons.

Rents for a house with living-room , kitchen, show er-room and two bedrooms, including free water and electricity, were charged at 15s. 6d. per week. At the end o f the year the total arrears in rent am ounted to approxim ately £28 out o f a total rental incom e o f over £8,000. This is indeed an answer to those w ho continually ask w hether the Coloured people appreciate what is done for them.

During the year a few fam ilies left the Schem e because o f the death o f a husband or altered circum stances, and only tw o fam ilies had to be asked to leave because they did not keep up their rent payments. These have been fixed up w ith other accom m odation.

O f the 200 fam ilies, alm ost three-quarters form erly inhabited a single room o f a shocking pondok; 25 fam ilies shared single room s w ith other fam ilies in pondoks and 11 fam ilies form erly occupied garages, toolsheds, hen coops, etc.

T he transform ation in their lives must be seen to be believed. Not all have m ade a com pletely successful adjustm ent— but this can hardly be expected. All fam ilies have shown at least some degree o f im prove­m ent and very m any— probably half o f the fam ilies— are to -d a y leading lives as near to the norm al accepted patterns o f a m odern city as their restricted incom es will allow.

The Com pany has negotiated further loans from the Housing C om ­mission and is at present adding a further 136 houses to its original scheme. It has also m ade an application to the M unicipality for more land to extend the schem e yet further.

M ost o f the houses have been neatly furnished w ith second-hand furniture, w hich the CAPDA Service was able to supply at a nominal cost to them , but the Com pany has been m uch plagued w ith the H ire- Purchase bogey and in some instances has had to take strong steps.

All houses have been fitted w ith tw o electric lights in each, and the parents’ bedroom has been provided with a door through the generosity o f the public.

One o f the new CAFDA houses.

Cafda Copes with Other ProblemsThe Broken W eb

In the pievious section we described how CAFDA provides the practical aids to help m an bridge the gap between his earnings and his needs. But m an ’s web is not only disturbed by an insufficient incom e— he m ust be able to reach and make proper contact w ith all people, bodies, clubs, institutions, G overn ­m ent and other agencies around him. Poverty inhibits such relations, but if he is unused to urban patterns o f life, he is even less able to make these contacts.

For the first time in his life he faces problem s occasioned by new form s o f transport, buying and cooking of food, budgeting (in his previous existence his house and m uch o f his food was provided free).He meets for the first tim e W ork­m en’s Com pensation, Unem ploym ent Insurance, health regulations, pay­m ents fo r water and light, industrial conciliation and a host o f problem s peculiar to the city.

He does not know how to use his leisure time and is not able to participate in the norm al sports, debates, club activities o f the city. O ften he is illiterate and is unable even to pass his tim e reading.

Social W orkIt is the business o f the Social W orker to re-establish the lines of

com m unication between h im and the people around h im ; to help and teach him how to use the agencies and bodies w hich are there to help him.

An average o f 600 problem s per m onth are presented to the Social W orkers in the CAFDA W elfare Departm ent. These problem s cover relief cases where food , clothing, blankets, etc., are handed out to flood and fire cases; O ld Age, D isability and M aintenance Grants negotiated on behalf o f applicants; physically handicapped persons investigated for placem ent in the Industrial Train ing Centre; advice and assistance given in m edical matters, housing disputes, e jectm ent orders, legal, H ire- Purchase and other tangles. G uidance is given in cases o f m arital disputes, non-support cases, juvenile delinquency and a host o f other problem s w hich face people o f this kind. Statistics in regard to this work are given on page 12.

Leisure Tim eW e have said before that poor people are unable to en joy their

leisure usefully and that it is im possible for people strange to the ways o f a city to do so either.

CAFDA tries to make up for this by providing B oys’ and G irls ’ Clubs, D iscussion Groups, Cinema, M ission and Sunday School Services, Sports Fields, Art Classes and a host o f other activities. These are designed to help people to adjust them selves from pure idleness in their leisure time to useful occupations w hich they will en joy. T h ey are designed to attract people from Shebeens and D agga Dens to clean, bright and

A G irls’ Club.

healthy surroundings. A grant o f m oney from the Governm ent has enabled CAPDA to appoint a Com m unity Organiser whose work consists o f developing these activities on a m uch larger scale. Mr. H. J. Carelse was appointed at the end o f the year and he has big plans for the future.

A CAPDA R ecreation Club is being set up w hich will cater for a large variety o f activities, and outside bodies such as the Eoan Group, Scouts, Guides and others are being asked to start activities at CAPDA.

The old cow shed standing in the grounds o f the CAPDA Village is being renovated by the City Council at a cost o f over £4,000 in order to

Buying soup at Id. per pint.

provide a large Com m unity Centre where these activities m ay take place. This work is being done by the Council on condition that this large Hall will be made available for the accom m odation o f homeless people in times o f fires, floods and other catastrophes w hich m ay render fifty or m ore people homeless.

Relief W orkThe relief work for w hich CAFDA was originally created continues

to be done. CAFDA realises only too well that such work is only am bulance-w ork and m ust be follow ed up w ith the reconstructive activities m entioned earlier in this report.

It is inevitable, however, that in a com m unity such as is found on the Cape Plats, fire and flood, death and sickness often cause com plete dislocation in the lives o f people. W hen such things happen, im m ediate ad h oc steps m ust be taken.

Soup K itchenT he Soup K itchen not on ly operated during the W inter m onths but

was continued throughout the year in order to supply the tenants in the Housing Schem e with nourishing food at least once per day.

6,671 gallons o f soup (6,582 in 1956) were prepared and distributed.

The Day NurseryThe nurseiy continues to look a fter an average o f 50 children w ho

would otherwise be seriously neglected. CAPDA is proud o f the fa c t that no ch ild w ho has spent m ore than a year in the nursery has ever become a delinquent, and the children w ho have passed through the nursery show above average attendances at school and tend to stay longer. Statistics for the nursery are given later on page 13.

Plans are in preparation to extend the nursery to take 100 children.

The association between CAFDA and the National Council for the Care o f Cripples continues happily. In the factory at the m om ent are 60 m en suffering from various disabilities— ex polio, congenital tuber­

culosis, spastics, amputees and other crippled cases.

None o f them had earned before— they had existed on pensions and charity. Now they are earning a wage for w hich they are producing use­ful a itid es for the public: they have been taught to fo r ­get their disabilities on w hich they had previously depended for an incom e and to develop the capacities le ft to them, w hich in future would bring them in a m uch greater in ­com e; they were supporting their wives and their families.

D uring 1957 the Centre placed in gainful em ploym ent in the open labour m arket 26 m en ; this m eans that to date the Centre has placed a l­together 84 men, w ho pre­viously had had to be kept alive by taxes or by the charity o f the community.

N egotiations between the N ational Council and CAFDA are proceeding w ith a view to renewing the contract o f partnership between them for a further period o f years, and

it is hoped that legislation (already drafted) will be passed by Parlia­m ent w ithin the next twelve m onths to put industrial training o f handi­capped persons on a form al basis.

The financial statem ents w ith regard to the Industrial Training Centre are given on page 14, but you will be interested to know that the Centre— apart from producing rehabilitated, self-respecting m en (its m ain unit o f production )— also produced the follow ing goods:

2.500 Serck radiator tubes 200 Bed lamps3.600 Vaccine cases 200 Iron connectors

600 Cutting Boards 1,000 W ire spirals 150 Posterboards 80 D eck chairs

1,200 B ench hooks 3,300 Table tops2.500 Sandpaper blocks 7,000 Chair seats

19.000 Blackboard dusters 7,600 Chair backs12.000 Chair washers 1,900 B each bats

750 Blackboards 35,000 Switch blocks6.600 D rawing boards

It is inevitable that the training centre should work at a loss (this year am ounting to £4 6s. 8d. per m an per m onth ), but this is not a loss, it is the cost o f training and rehabilitating a man. I f he had been left to exist for the rest o f his life on pensions, it would have cost the State approxim ately £7 per m an per m onth (if he was m arried) for the rest

o f his life. In the Centre the cost o f training was incurred over an average period o f on ly thirteen m onths, a fter w hich the trainee started to earn his own living.

Other MattersW ater Sales

CAFDA continues to make w ater available cheaply to thousands of people in a Black Spot at Vrygrond, near Muizenberg. M any thousands o f gallons o f water are drawn from this tap at id . per 4-gallon paraffin tin instead o f the usual B lack M arket price o f 3d. to 4d.

Christmas PartiesW e gave the same parties as last year:— 120 babies under the age

o f six on one day; about 2,500 youngsters got presents and goodies on another day; about 150 oldsters from 65 to 110 were entertained on another day; Christm as food parcels were given to 260 destitute families.

In this m am m oth task we were greatly assisted by Carols by Candlelight, w ho provided nearly all the presents.

Voluntary W orkA great deal o f m oney is saved by the enorm ous am ount o f work put

in by volunteers. T hey have been running our clubs and art classes, sports and clothing sales; they have m ade layettes, sewn and knitted for us and helped in m any other ways.

Lady de Villiers and her Com m ittee organised a m agnificent m annequin parade at the A lham bra; Mrs. B en Stodel and her helpers collected over 5,000 parcels o f food in the “ Buy a T in for CAFDA W eek” ; M esdam es Stubbs, Ellis and Naud6 sold 20,000 Christm as Cards; and Mrs. Jan de Villiers gave her lovely hom e fo r a D em onstration of Cosmetics. Mrs. Cobus Louw organised the Street Collection.

T o them we, and those we serve, are im m easurably grateful.

Welfare Department StatisticsY ear Ending 31st D ecem ber, 1957

CASES HANDLEDColoured .............A f r i c a n ..........................European .............

M unicipal AreaColoured .............A f r i c a n ..........................European

Other AreasColoured ............A f r i c a n ..........................European .............

No Fixed AddressColoured .............A f r i c a n ..........................European ..............

Cases Carried Forward New Cases

4934431

14 ------ 5379

3556 275

10 3841

1364 162

2 1528

721------ 10-------5379

35031876 -------5379

Hom e Visits .....................................................................2175Visits to other Agencies ................ ..................142Office Interviews ..................................................... ...6300Interviews n ot R e c o r d e d ........................................ ...644Interviews ie R e n t ..................................................... ...573Interviews at C l in ic ..................................................... 96 ------ 9930

No. Clinics A t te n d e d ..................................................... 52

Cases Referred from other AgenciesNew Cases ................................................................. 253Old Cases .................................................................. 238New Cases: D irect Approach ............................ 960-------1213

Cases R eferred from CAFDA to Other Agencies ------- 203Families in Em ergency Quarters Supervised ------- 37Housing Applications for New Housing Schem e 157Full Housing In v estig a tion s ........................................ 140 ------- 297

Analysis o f R elief G iven January— Decem ber, 1957

(Excluding Floods)RELIEF

Food R a t io n s .................................................................. 710Clothing .................................................................. 228Blankets ................................................................. 261Cash .............................................................................. 106Building Material, Furniture, etc. ............... 49 ----1354

A N ALYSIS OF CASE PROBLEM SNo. o f Cases Per cent.

• in w hich o f TotalTotal No. R elief G iven Problems

Old Age Pensions ............................ 185 38B lind Pensions ............................ 8 8Disability G rants ............................ 126 43M aintenance G rants ................ 67 26Ex Volunteers ............................ ------ 386 ------115 7.5%Em ploym ent Open Labour Market 312 98Sheltered Em ploym ent M ostly In ­

dustrial Train ing Centre 311------- 623 163-------261 12.5%M edical ......................................... 455 210M e n t a l ..................................................... 29 6Adm ission to Hospitals and Homes 14------- 498 -224 10%Housing Advice and Disputes 1015 169Ejectm ents ........................................ 20 7Em ergency A ccom m odation 15------- 1050 11-----186 21%CAFDA N ursery: Applications .... 163 15Child Neglect and Juvenile

Delinquency ............................ 48 .M arital and N o n -S u p p o rt ................ 253------ 464 160------ 175 9%Crim inal ........................................ 47 13Legal ..................................................... 52 28R epatriation ......................................... 10------ 109 49 2%M iscellaneous ............................ 1817 157Fire Cases ......................................... 77------ 1894 69-------226 38%

No. o f Tenant Fam ilies ..................................................... 200Lease Term inated through R ent D e fa u lts ........................ 7Lease Term inated through O ther Reasons ............... 7L eft on own accord .................................................................. 21New Tenants ......................... .................................................... 35Natural Increases .................................................................. 52Other I n c r e a s e .............................................................................. 13Total Population on 31st D ecem ber, 1957 ............................ 1277Average daily Attendance at C A FD A N u rse ry ................ 40.2Increase due to change o f Tenants:

Adults .............................................................................. 1Minors .............................................................................. 2

Decrease due to deaths ..................................................... 1 M inorDecrease due to change o f Tenants ............................ 3 MinorsDecrease due to other reasons ........................................ 1 Adult

D A Y N U RSERY1956 1957

Total possible attendance ......................................... 10994 10891Actual a tten d a n ce .................................................................. 9666 9569Percentage o f possible attendance ............................ 87.9 87.9Average daily attendance ......................................... 40.3 40.2Number o f days open ..................................................... 240 238Age Distribution (D ecem b er): 1— 2 y e a r s ................ — 5

2— 3 years 9 83— 4 y e a r s ................ 11 94— 5 y e a r s ................ 13 15Over 5 years .... 15 9

No. o f meals served ..................................................... 28998 28707

Business MattersOur Balance Sheet and Statem ent o f Revenue and Incom e are

found on the follow ing pages. As you will see, the public o f Cape Tow n provided us with £13,276, o f w hich £6,989 were donations, £2,406 (with a further £2,000 to com e from the Barlow estate) were bequests and the rest were Fund Raising efforts. On the other hand, we ended the year with a deficit o f £1,472.

This deficit is not one w hich can be regulated easily. Nothing unnecessary has been done at CAFDA; no unnecessary penny has been spent; wages and salaries are as low as they can be consistent with efficiency. There is a large and growing dem and for the services which CAFDA provides and we are faced with the alternatives o f increasing our incom e or cutting our services.

Our Committees are loath to cut our services until they have tried to increase our. incom e. That we have not finished with a m uch greater deficit is due entirely to bequests from the estates o f the late Mr. Gingold (£681 18s. 7d.), Mr. W alter Barlow (£2,000), Mrs. E. S. M cGuire (£1,000), Mr. D. S. Redler (£500), Mr. Joseph Kalson (£100) and several other smaller ones.

W e appeal, therefore, to all supporters to do w hat they can to increase our resources and to rem em ber CAFDA in their wills.

AN NEXURE “ A”THE CAPE FLATS

IN D U STRIAL

REVENUE ACCOUNT F O R THE TW ELVE

T o ST O C K S ON HAND, 1st JAN U ARY, 1957 ................ £480A dd : M A T E R IA LS PU RCHASED ............................ 3799

4279Less: STO C K S ON HAND, 31st DECEMBER, 1957 632

------ 3647„ W A G E S .............................................................................. 7995„ PLA N T M AINTENANCE ................................................... 203„ E L E C T R IC IT Y 145„ TR A V E LL IN G ALLOW AN CES T O TRA IN EES .... 129„ C A R AND TR A V E LL IN G E X P E N S E S ............................ 231„ SE C R E TA R IA L FEE ..................................................... 250„ O VERALLS .............................................................................. 75„ W O R K M E N ’S COM PENSATION INSURANCE .... 81„ IN S U R A N C E .............................................................................. 44„ TELEPHONE AND P O S T A G E S ........................................ 60„ SU N D RY EXPEN SES ..................................................... 107„ M AINTENANCE—B U ILD IN G AND GROUN DS .... 18„ EQUIPM ENT AND SM ALL T O O L S ............................ 209

Purchases during year ........................................ 481Less: G rant received from National Council for

Cripple Care ............................ ................ 272

£13194

T o W O O D W O R K SECTION — NET CO ST O F T R A IN ­IN G, brought d o w n ................................................................. 2099

„ SHOE R E P A IR IN G S E C T IO N ........................................ 63M aterials and W a g e s ..................................................... 281Less: W ages S u b s id y ........................................ 149

Sales ..................................................... 69------ 218

„ SALARIES .............„ ......................... ............................ 538Paid .............................................................................. 1338L ess: G rant R eceived from T he National Council

for Cripple C a r e ..................................................... 800

„ FEEDIN G SCHEM E ..................................................... 410Cost o f M eals Charged ......................................... 1053Less: M eal T ickets Sold ............................ 543

Special B e q u e s t ......................................... 100------ 643

£3110

DISTRESS ASSOCIATION

T R A IN IN G CENTRE

MONTHS ENDED 31st DECEM BER, 1957

AN NEXURE “ A ’

B y SALES ......................................... ............................„ W AG ES S U B S I D Y .....................................................„ NET COST O P TR A IN IN G , carried down

By C O N TR IBU TIO N TO CO STS RECEIVED FRO M TH E N ATION AL COUNCIL F O R C RIPPLE CARE

„ NET CO ST OF T R A IN IN G F O R TH E TW ELVEM ONTHS ENDED 31st DECEM BER, 1957 ................ 3110Less: RECEIVED F R O M TH E N ATION AL COUN­

CIL F O R CRIPPLE CARE ON ACCOUNT O P CO N TR IB U TIO N T O W A R D S CO STS 1000

616649292099

£13194

1000

2110

£3110

THE CAPE FLATSBALANCE SHEET

LIA B ILITIE S £13324SU N D RY C R E D IT O R S ..................................................... 6643JOHAN N ESBU RG B U ILD IN G SO C IE T Y ................ 3367

(Loan A ccount secured by M ortgage Bonds over Land and Buildings as per Contra)

BA N K O V E R D R A F T (G EN ERAL ACCOUNT) .... 1314 LOAN—PA Y N E FO U N D ATIO N OF NEW Y O R K .... 2000

DEVELOPM ENT FUND 46

TR U ST FUNDS ............................................................................................ 276PENNY BAN K ................................................................. 127DECEASED ESTATE— ABRAH AM BEUKES .... 7J. E. G O O D W IN T R U S T ..................................................... 142

REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT 10591BALANCE, 1st JAN U ARY, 1957 ........................................ 12063Less: EXCESS O F EXPEN DITU RE O VER INCOME

F O R THE TW ELVE M ONTHS ENDED 31st DECEMBER, 1957 ..................................................... 1472

£24237

W e have exam ined the books and accounts and vouchers o f the Association and have obtained all the in form ation and explanations we have required. W e have satisfied ourselves o f the existence o f the securities. Proper books and accounts have been kept. In our opinion, the attached Balance Sheet is properly drawn up so as to exhibit a true and fair view o f the state o f the Association ’s affairs according to the best o f our knowledge and the explanations given to us and as shown by the books o f the Association as at 31st Decem ber, 1957.

DISTRESS ASSOCIATION31st DECEM BER, 1957

ASSETS—CASH ................................................................. 711

On H a n d ................ ..................................................... 53At Bank (Trading A c c o u n t ) ....................................... 604O n Savings A ccount .......................... 54

SU N DRY D EBTO RS ......................................................................3244Grants and Subsidies Unpaid ............................ 1875Trade D ebtors and S u n d ries .............. .............. 1302Loan A ccount— J. E. G oodw in 67

ST O C K S ON HAND— As certified by the ResponsibleOfficials .............................................................................. 2697P ro v is io n s .............................................................................. 2009Industrial Train ing Centre Stocks 632 Packing M aterials .... ......................................... 56

DEVELOPM ENT FUND IN VESTM EN TS ............... 46(Including A ccrued Interest)Savings Bank Accounts

TR U ST IN VESTM EN TS ..................................................... 276Savings Bank AccountsPenny Bank .................................................................. 127Deceased Estate—Abraham Beukes 7 J. E. Goodwin T r u s t .................................................... 142

FUND R A ISIN G COM M ITTEE .„.......................... 849Balance o f 1957 Proceeds held by Com mittee in

Bank and Savings Bank AccountsFU RNITU RE AND EQUIPM ENT 1

At Nom inal ValueM O TO R VEHICLES AND CYCLES 796

A t cost, less depreciationLAND AND B U IL D IN G S ................................................... 14930

O n Prince G eorge’s Drive, Retreat— A t Cost, lessDepreciation (M ortgaged as per Contra) .... 12898

Land at Grassy Park— A t Sworn AppraisementValuation ................................................................. 1250

Additions to Shop— At Cost 782

EXPENDITURE IN ADVANCE 687

£24237

GURNEY, N OTCU TT & FISHER, Chartered Accountants (S.A.)

Cape Town, Auditors11th April, 1958.

THE CAPE FLATSGENERAL REVENUE ACCOUNT FO R THE

T o A D M IN IST R A T IO N EXPENSES £8109Annual R eport and M eeting ......................................... 247Audit Fees and E x p e n s e s ..................................................... 84Bank C h a rg e s .............................................................................. 11Electricity and W ater ..................................................... 370Insurances .............................................................................. 131Interest on O verdraft .....................................................M aintenance, Caretaking, Repairs to Buildings,

32

Cleaning, etc......................................................................... 1360Printing and Stationery ..................................................... 154Publicity .............................................................................. 30S a la r ie s .......................................................................................... 4575K itchen 371Sundry Expenses .... ..................................................... 86Superannuation Fund Contribution ............................ 426Telephones, Telegram s and P o s ta g e s ............................ 199Unem ploym ent In su r a n c e ..................................................... 33

„ IN TEREST ON BOND ..................................................... 225„ NET COST OF N U RSERY A C T IV ITIE S ............... 964

D ay N u r s e r y ..............................................................................Net Expenses ..................................................... 1302Less: Subsidy from Social W elfare Dept. 354

948

W atersprites’ Nursery 16

„ NET RELIEF AND SOCIAL W ELFARE EXPENSES 8514Club Activities ................................................................. 9G rants in Cash and Goods and Relief W ages .... 1486S a la r ie s .......................................................................................... 3466Industrial Training Centre— As per Annexure “A ” 2110Soup K it c h e n .............................................................................. 261Transport and Travelling A llo w a n ce s ............................ 936Christmas Celebrations ..................................................... 146Blouvlei Nursery School— G rant ..................................... 100

„ FU R N ITU RE AND EQUIPM ENT PURCHASEDD U R IN G TH E Y E A R — W R IT TE N O FF ................

„ IM PROVEM EN TS TO BU ILDIN GS— W R IT TE N261

O FF ........................................................................................... 49„ AM OU NTS W R IT TE N O FF LESS RECOVERIES .... 938

Buildings .............................................................................. 173Vehicles .............................................................................. 1000

1173Less: Vehicle S o ld ................................................................. 235

£19060

W e report that to the best o f our knowledge and belief and accord­ing to the in form ation supplied to us, and according to the books of the Association, the above A ccount reflects a true statement o f the Incom e and Expenditure for the twelve m onths ended 31st D ecem ­ber, 1957.

DISTRESS ASSOCIATIONTW ELVE M ONTHS ENDED 31st DECEM BER, 1957

By D ON ATION S AND FU N CTION S £13276D onations ..................................................... .............. 6989Bequests ..................................................... .............. 2406Street Collection ......................................... .............. 694Ideas and Functions ............................ .............. 3187

G R A N T S .............................................................................. 325Corporation o f the City o f Cape Tow n 250 Divisional Council o f the C a p e ........................................ 75

NET PROCEEDS F R O M CO M M U N ITY CEN TRE’SA C T IV ITIE S .......................................................................... 2304Fees in respect o f Social Services Rendered to

Retreat Students’ Clinic (1 9 5 6 /7 ) ............................ 500Old Clothes, Blankets, M erchandise, e tc ....................... 1586Cinema ...................................................................................... 243

Less: W ater D is tr ib u t io n .....................................................

CAFDA U TIL ITY C O M P A N Y .........................................Adm inistration and W elfare Services Fee

SECRETARIAL FEE— IN D U STRIAL TR A IN IN GCENTRE ..................................................................RENT RECEIVED .....................................................INTEREST ON SA V IN G S ACCOUNTS P R O F IT ON PR O V ISIO N STO R E TR A D IN GD ISCOUNT RECEIVED .........................................EXCESS OF EXPEN D ITU RE OVER INCOM E FO R TH E TW ELVE M ON THS ENDED 31st D ECEM ­BER, 1957 ............................

232925

1200

2504216

15718

1472

£19060

GURNEY, N O TCU TT & FISHER, Chartered Accountants (S.A.),

Auditors.Cape Town,

11th April, 1958.

MEMBERSHIP FORM

T o t h e W a r d e n ,

C afd a ,

P r in c e G eorge D r ive ,

R e t r e a t .

Dear Sir,

1 wish to become a member of the Cape Flats Distress Association and enclose herewith my cheque/postal, order/cash for

£ .......... :....... :....... , being 2 /6 for member­ship and the balance as a donation.

{Signed)........................................

BLO CK LETTERS

Name...........................................................

A ddress

CAFDA reports with pleasure that the M inister o f Finance has exem pted all donations m ade to and by this A ssociation from the Donations Tax, under Section 54 quat (1) (i) and (j) o f the Incom e Tax Act.

W ARDEN.

CAFDA(Cape Flats Distress Association)

IS A GEN ERAL W E LFA R E AGENCY AND COM M UN ITY CEN TRE;

O PERATES IN TH E R E T R E A T /G R A S S Y PARK ANT) M OST OF TH E CAPE FLA TS A R E A S ;

PAYS SPECIAL A T T E N T IO N TO PROBLEM S OF PO VE R TY.

WE CAN USE YOURDiscarded clothes, shoes, furniture, crockery, utensils, tools, musical instruments, playing cards, games, toys, beds, prams., cots, mattresses, knitting and darning wool . . . .

IN FACT— ALMOST ANYTHING

PhntlP 7 0111 / FOR LIST OF DEPOTS OR rnone / - y i n \ f o r v a n t o c o l l e c t

DONATIONS (which should be by crossed cheque, money order, postal order, or in a registered envelope) may be sent to

The Warden, CAFDA, Prince George Drive, Retreat,

W hen one works am ong people w ho live h a lf-liv e s : in o v er ­crowded hom es, w here children from early childhood live in a morbid atm osphere o f orgies, deathbeds, and child-births, w here th ey becom e acquainted in a shocking m anner with the naked facts about the origin o f th e human being; in filthy streets, and insanitary conditions all round; in a b jec t poverty, v ery o ften technically, if not actually, starving to d ea th ; having inadequate educational facilities and having very few opportunities o f becom ing anyth ing but ordinary labourers; then one realises that the refinem ents o f social w ork lose quite a bit o f their usual fascination — th ey becom e as sounding brass, or a tinkling cym bal.—News Letter, Cape Tow n Social W orkers’ Association, December, 1948.

Within the last twenty years 150,000 Coloured and over50,000 African people have come to the Cape Peninsula to provide labour for OUR factories.

They came from plain and simple or even primitive surroundings to this complicated and bustling city life.

Little or nothing has been done to house or help these particular people to make the change in this short time.

Most of them earn only half of wiiat it costs them to live.

THIS REPORT TELLS YOU HOW CAFDA TRIES TO COPE WITH THIS PROBLEM.

“ Cape Town’s Conscience”

S .P .C LT .C .4 .5 8 /9 08 31

camCAPE FLATS DISTRESS ASSOCIATION

(W .O. 319)Prince George Drive, RETREAT. Telephone 7-9111.

FOU RTEEN TH ANNUAL GEN ERAL M EETIN GThe Fourteenth A nnual M eeting o f the above Association will be held in St.

Paul’s Church Hall, M ain R oad, R ondebosch (at the Fountain), on Monday, 23rd June, 1958, at 8.15 p jn .

T h e President, Adv. D . B. M olteno, will preside.A ll subscribers, interested persons and m em bers o f the public are cordially

invited to be present. . „ , „ .. . . , . __Persons w ho have contributed m ore th an 2s. 6d. to the funds o f the Association

since January, 1957, are regarded as m em bers w ith voting powers.O. D. W OLLH EIM , W arden.

AGEN DA1. M inutes o f the Thirteenth Annual G eneral M eeting and m atters arising there­

from.2. R eports o f the Chairman, B ishop W . Parker, and o f the F inance and General

Purposes Com m ittee.3 Guest Speaker, Prof. L. M. Thom pson, Chairm an o f SH AW CO and Associate

Professor o f H istory, University o f Cape Tow n, will m ove the adoption o f the Report.

4. Election o f Executive Com m ittee (not few er than 15 and not m ore than 20 m em bers) and o f the Auditors.

5. Any other business.T E A W IL L BE SERVED.

M IN U TES O F TH E T H IR TE E N TH ANNUAL GENERAL M EETIN G O F CAFDA HELD IN D IE K O FFIEH U IS, A D D E R LE Y ST R E E T, CAPE TOW N,

ON M O N D AY, 24th JUNE, 1957, at 8 p.m.Present: T h e V ice-C hairm an, M r. Peter Leigh, in the Chair; Eerw. D. P. Botha,

Dr. van Schalkwyk, CUr. and Mrs. C. Bakker, Mr. Littler, Mrs. B arbara Grieve, Mr. Stulting, representatives o f other organisations, m em bers o f the Cafda Executive Committee, m em bers o f the public and m em bers o f the staff.

A pologies: T h e Chairm an apologised for the absence o f th e President, Adv. D. B. M olteno, w ho was in Natal; the V ice-President, Mrs. N. B. Spilhaus, presently in the U nited States; the Chairm an, the Rt. Rev. W ilfrid Parker, w ho was in the Transvaal; the Chairm an o f the F inance & G.P. Com mittee, M r. G. Searle, w ho was holidaying in Japan. O ther apologies were received from Lady Clerke, Lady de Villiers, Mrs. Zerilda Steyn, Secretary National Council o f Y.M.C.A.S, Mrs. Z. Droskie, Mrs. R ose Brodie, Mr. H. H. Esslinger, P rof. L. M. Thom pson, Dr. G olda Selzer, Mr. Y eld o f the Citizens’ H ousing League, P rof. Erica Theron, Mrs. R ita W itkin, Mrs. A. Steyn, and Mrs. D . Stubbs.T he Chairm an then welcom ed those present, especially representatives o f other

organisations.M inutes o f the previous Annual M eeting, having been circulated, were taken as

read and adopted.Presentation o f the Annual R eport

In presenting the th irteenth A nnual Report, the Chairm an paid tribute to the late Miss Attlee, w ho had been one o f the founders o f C afda and w ho had devoted a great deal o f her life and energy to its work. He drew attention to the activities at Cafda, to its expansion, the b ig increase in public support, the realisation o f the first stage o f the Housing Schem e and the delays, through no fault o f C afda ’s, in its furtherance. He spoke w ith w arm appreciation o f the co-operation and interest o f the National Council fo r the Care o f Cripples and the Cape Cripple Care Association, o f the work o f the Fund Raising Com m ittees w hich had raised a record sum, of Mrs. Louw’s splendid efforts in regard to the recent Street Collection, o f the unselfish work done by the team s o f voluntary workers at Cafda, and o f the hard work and loyalty o f the staff. He then called upon the W arden, in the absence of Mr. Searle, Chairm an o f the F inance and G eneral Purposes Committee, to present the Financial Report.Report o f the Finance and G eneral Purposes Com m ittee

T he W arden stated that 1956, w ith the exception o f the F lood year 1954, had been a record year financially, and spoke w ith deep appreciation o f th e widespread sym pathy and support w hich Cafda had received from m em bers o f the public from all walks o f life. He drew attention to the fact that the donations received had been mostly in small sums from people w ho could ill a fford them , and th at this m oney was therefore even m ore deeply appreciated. He stated that there were yet thousands o f persons in the Cape Peninsula w ho had not yet been approached, and that Cafda would make a special drive to contact these persons and enlist their active support. He spoke in some detail o f the work necessary in the housing schem e and the m oney required to finance it, and drew attention to the difficulties experienced by tenants in th is transition period. C afda was grateful to Lady Clerke and Lady de Villiers fo r their work in the sphere o f fund raising fo r 1957.

T he Statem ent o f Revenue and Expenditure and the Balance Sheet were tabled and noted.

T h e Chairm an thanked the W arden for presenting the financial report, and called on the Eerw. D. P. B otha, Secretary o f the Synodal Education Com m ittee of the D utch R eform ed M ission Church, to m ove the adoptiton o f the Thirteenth Annual Report.Adoption o f R eport

Eerw. B otha spoke a few words o f appreciation in Afrikaans, and then continued in English. He m entioned six specific problem s that were shared by both C afda and the Church, and spoke in detail on each one.

T h e problem o f uncontrollable num bers: H e drew attention to the large increase in population, especially that o f the Coloured com m unity, during the past twenty years, and spoke o f the difficulties encountered in trying to reach all o f these people and cope w ith the m yriad problem s w hich arose;

The problem o f m aladjustm ent was caused b y the m igration o f thousands o f persons from farm s to the busy cities, and pictured the bewilderm ent and the dismay o f these sim ple people in trying to cope w ith the new surroundings;

T h e problem o f drugs and liquor attacked indiscrim inately m en, w om en and children, and the on ly m ethod o f helping them was by sym pathetic understanding and assistance, and not by harsh police m ethods w hich engendered on ly fear;

T he problem o f deplorable housing was also the problem o f environm ent and disease, and every effort should be m ade to increase decent housing facilities for these unfortunate persons;

T h e problem o f the transfer o f responsibility : This, he stated, was a world-w ide problem , and if on ly each individual cou ld be persuaded to accept instead o f shirk his personal responsibility towards the rest o f the world, people the world over would gain a new conception o f life.

T he problem s o f m oral and spiritual degradation, he said, went hand in hand, and if environm ent and physical changes cou ld be coupled w ith a change o f heart, then the total rehabilitation o f m any thousands o f unfortunate people would be in sight.

Eerw. B otha said that he had a very h igh regard for the work that Cafda was doing, and in all sincerity m oved the adoption o f the Annual Report, w ith sincere thanks.

Dr. van Schalkwyk then thanked Eerw. B otha fo r his stim ulating address, which, he said, would provide food fo r m uch thought. H e stated that he, too, knew our Coloured people well and understood them and their needs. He exhorted the public to support the w elfare organisations and suggested in troduction o f a State lottery w hich could provide alm ost unlim ited m eans fo r th e uplift o f underprivileged persons. H e applauded th e C afda H ousing Schem e and hoped th at m ore m oney would be forthcom ing from th e National H ousing Com m ission for m ore and m ore houses. He again thanked Eerw. B otha fo r his speech and seconded the adoption o f the 13th A nnual Report. T h is m otion was carried.Native Laws Am endm ent Bill

Dr. W ollheim stated that the Cafda Com m ittees h ad thought it expedient that he, at this public m eeting, outline the possible im plications o f th is Bill upon Cafda. He said that neither he nor Adv. M olteno, President o f Cafda, considered that Cafda would be affected, but the position could arise where n o less than four separate bodies would have to be form ed to do the work that C afda was now doing alone, in order to deal w ith European, A frican, Coloured and M alay rehabilitation. He reported on a m eeting o f 22 welfare and Church societies w hich he had attended, on behalf o f Cafda, w hich m eeting had taken the resolution that an attack by the G overnm ent on any one o f them would be looked upon as an attack upon all, and

V that all these societies w ould present a solid fron t to such attack.Election o f Executive Com m ittee

At the request o f the Chairm an, the W arden Tead the nam es o f those mem bers w ho were willing to stand fo r re-e lection :

Mrs. R ose Brodie Adv. D. B. M oltenoEerw. Buckle Bishop W. ParkerMr. P. Carelse Mr. J. A. V. R uckMr. H. J. Carelse Mr. G ordon SearleMr. M ichael Colm an Rev. C. J. SkettMr. H. H. Esslinger Mrs. N. B. SpilhausMrs. M. H. Ensor Mrs. R en StodelMr. Peter Leigh Miss B. W estphalMrs. C. M. Louw Mrs. B. W yatt

He pointed out that in addition to the above, Dr. R . S. Cullis and the Rev. E O. Torrance were representative m em bers and did not need to be re-elected. Mrs. Bakker proposed, as th e outgoing com m ittee had done such fine work, that it be re-elected en bloc fo r a further term o f office. T here being no further nominations, this m otion was seconded and adopted.Election o f Auditors

Messrs. Gurney, N otcutt & Fisher were unanimously re-elected as auditors to Cafda.

There being n o other business, the m eeting term inated at 9.20 p.m. for refreshments.

..............................................................................Chairm anD ate...................................... ;..................... .

$ S .P .C LT .C .5 .58 /00903

Collection Number: AD1715

SOUTH AFRICAN INSTITUTE OF RACE RELATIONS (SAIRR), 1892-1974

PUBLISHER: Collection Funder:- Atlantic Philanthropies Foundation

Publisher:- Historical Papers Research Archive

Location:- Johannesburg

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