Variblat Dinamike-Treguesit në Pascal

8/13/2019 Variblat Dinamike-Treguesit n Pascal

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1. WA\CALJAP @CEAKCFH

Warcaljat `ceakcfh euf `hgcembhe `bh euf tbcrrhe kh hkra. Kh `hfjarckce h tyrheuf rhzhrvmbht bapscr e fuiths, pasc k par euf `cbht as eukrc as rra`ba estrufture `ceakcfh, pmr sh varcalja `ceakcfh kue` t pr`mrht e prmdrak. Esh kh

`hfjarck euf rhzhrvmbht bapscr fuithsh pr varcaljhe rhzhrvmbht fuithsa h sai `bh fima`rhs e gcjjck euf sbt h `hgceuar. Warcaljat `ceakcfh tbcrrhe kh e`cke h trhduhsvh (aed .pmcethr-vh sbeiuhsvh!"cjt gmrkmbhe frabas kh gmrkckce h varcljass.Warcaljat `ceakcfh kh trhduhsct(pmcethrt! prfats , #ubhe varcalja trhduhsh. $rkhs tyrh sbfrubhe struftura `ceakcfhfmkpjhfsh, sc% iae jcstat, phkt `bh draght. &rhduhsc ($mcethrc, sbeiuhsc! sbt varcalj sph"cajh h "cja prklae a`rhse hfuithss t varcaljhs `ceakcfh. 'cpas fsai , kh `hgceckce h varcaljhs `ceakcfh eh`hgcemik trhduhsce (pmcethrce! ,h im vht varcaljhe.Warcaljhs trhdush cu #asht vhtk khe`cke h trhduhsct (pmcethrct! ajjmik `hgcec"cmece typht tcpct t varcaljs trhduhsh.

Warcalja &rhdush(pmcethr! `hgcembht e keyre sc e vazb`ck)

fu sbheia*sbt pr varcalje `ceakcfh . &cpc c varcaljs ceakcfh kue` t `hgcembht, p.sb sc) Pyph &rhduhs + *jhkhet6 'bheiuhs+*Eyih jhkhet+\homr`

$hrklatia9&cpcWarcaljhs6 &ihtrc9&rhduhs He`/ Kue` t vrhbht # tcpce h varcaljhs h `hgcemik sc rhfmr` ei gusb h s "cjct sbt prklatia h cegmrka"cmect, e`rsa &ihtrc trhduhs fab rhfmr`c tihtr)

fu tihtrc sbt hkrc pr gusbe h "cja prklae trhduhsce. Esh tcpc c varcals sbt euf sbt cethdhr ,rhaj, lmmjhaemsh obaraim pr"aftmbht e prmdrakce fryhsmr. ubht vrhit # `hgcec"cmec c tcpct t trhduhsct kue` tc paraprci `hgcec"cmect t tcpct t tci rhghrhet, sc% h`bh sbt sbfruar e sbhklujj) &rhduhsct e keyr t zafmesbkh `hfjarmbhe e shfscmece pr `hfjarck t varcaljavh $.sb

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2/43

War

p,# 9 &rhduhs/

fsbtu `hgcembht varcalja h "cja kue` t pr`mrht # t trhdmi e varcaljat t "cjat frcimbhe `ceakctcfcsbt.

&rhduhsct iae varcalja statcfh, e`rsa varcaljat e t "cjat ftm trhdmie iae`ceakcfh. 4tm iae t jc`bura pr tcp t "aftuar t varcaljs `ceakcfh `bh kue` ttrhdmie e varcalj h ftci tcpc. 'cpas fsai ,àjjckc sbt c ùfsbk e`rkiht trhduhsct(p! `bh varcaljs `ceakcfh, rrhsphftcvcsbt varcljhs trhduhsh (pU).E laz t fsai, # utba kue` t fmestatmik sh kue` t pr`mrht varcalja pUh`bh psh euf sbt `hfjaruar _bhklujj) Esh ùbht `hgceuar `y trhduhs(pmcethr!, ei pr varcalje rhajh (p! `bh tihtre pr varcalje h tcpct rhfmr` (p!! fim kue` t lbht e keyre sc e vazb`ck fsbtu) Pyph 2hfmr`+\homr` 3usba79"eth#hr/ 3usba19\haj/ He`/ &rhdus2hf + *2hfmr`/ &rhdus2haj + *2haj/ War p9 &rhdus2haj 6 p!9 &rhdus2hf 6

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3/43

Kh `hgceckce h varcals `ceakcfh autmkatcfcsbt euf eàbht a`rhsa

h fuithss pr varcalje prfatsh . 9m vatk sh pr %`m varcalj `ceakcfh, # ùbhtrhzhrvmbht fuiths ,ùbht pr"aftmbht h`bh vhe`c c sai e struftur, rhsphftcvcsbt rra`be kh t "cje fsai cu eàbhe vjhrat diat rrih`bs s hfzhfutckct t prmdrakct.Warcaljat trhdush gmrkmbhe kh e`cke h prm"hùrs staeàr`h ) $h%&p)6

fupsbt trhduhsc c varcljs s rh. Kh ft e strufture `ceakcfhrhzhrvmbht bapscr fuithsh pr varcaljhe h rh e t "cje trhdme trhduhsckh vhthe h tci. 'cpas fsai , vjhra h trhduhsct sbt e t vrtht a`rhsah varcaljs `ceakcfh h "cja gmrkmbht. 'bcbht sh prm"hùra eh%&p)hfzhfutmbhtasbtu # rhzhrvme bapscr fuithsh pr varcaljepU`bh a`rhsa h bapscrs

s rhzhrvuar t fuithss cu eàbht trhduhsct p. $as ur`brct $h%a`rhsa h varcaljs `ceakcfh kue` tc eàbht h`bh kh eàriheh vjhravh tihra kh trhduhs. &urlm $a"ajc pr ft #jjck pr`mr mphratmrce h a`rhsavh( '-at! `bh guefscmece a``r.

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4/43

&h sbprhbiht e t "cjat para#ctht h`bh mphratmrc c a`rhsavh ,hfzhfutckc c tci sbt kh prcmrctht t eihit kh mphratmrce jmdicf Emt

7. 6 Emt 1. : 0 km` `cv 4e`/ ?. ; - 5r =mr 8. N N+ A+ A NA >e Lursh pr mphratmrt h drupuar e ei raed vjhe prce"cpc c hfzhfutckct `ufh sbfuar eda h kaita e t iatbt.

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y msh k sbuk trhduhs kue` t trhdmie e t eihite varcalj. $.sb

Pyph &rhduhs( U"eth#hr6

War p7,p19&rhduhs6 . . . $h%(p!6 p!9(p6

ur`brc p!9(psbprhb gaftce sh vjhra h trhduhsct pcu eàbht trhdusct p!, rrhsphftcvcsbt trhduhscp!trhdme e t eihite varcalj sc `bh trhduhsc p. Kh hfzhfutckce h prm"hùrs $h%&p)euf cu eàbht vjhra h varcaljhs , pmr sh vhtk vhe`msht jc`bia e`rkiht varcaljhs `bh trhdusct. Warcljs `ceakcfh kue` tc eàbht vjhr kh hfzhfutckce h ur`brct rha``bh rha`jemsh kh hfzhfutckce h ur`brct pr vjhr `bech. Kue`ht # vjhra h eirs varcalj trhduhsh tOiu eàbht tihtrs `bh t thstmbhe sh a iae t laralarta msh t e`rysbkh _bhklujj9 14.skacj asbc 1


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$asc sthfue h prlie vard t `beasb, vjhrat h tyrh ùbht khkmruzcar e gmrk tvardut(vhftmrct! e t "cjce sh"cjc hjhkhet z eda ei pmzc"cme, e`rsa pmzc"cmec c parpara#ht fmfe h sthfut. 'c% ùfht struftura h fuithss s sthfut prklae vardue(vhftmrce!pr khkmrczckce h hjhkhethvh t tci `bh ei varclj pr khkmrczck t pmzc"cmehv thjhkhethvh # para#ht fmfe h vhrdut. 'cpas fsai , sthfht rhajczmbhe kh e`cke hvardihvh `bh rhfmr`hvh. E ft rast ftm kue` tc `hgcemik e keyre sc e vazb`ck)

=mest

Kafs+. . . /(: Ka`bsca kafsckajh h sthfut:!Pyph

&cpcjhkhthvh+ . . .(: &cpc c varcaljavh t sthfut:!Ward+Nrray A.. La*sO 5g &cpcjhkhethvh/

&cpc'thfut+ \homr` Lmfa9< . .Kafs/ jhkhet9WardHe`/

War

'thf)&cpc'thfut6$rm"hùrat pr mphra"cmeh tbhkhjmrh klc sthfht sbt jhbt t sbfrubhe, pmr

rhajczckc c sthfhvh prkhs vardihvh(vhftmrvh! euf sbt h prsbtasbkh pasc dirsca gcfsh hvardut fugczme k`bsce h sthfut. $asc sthf sbt jcst hjhkhetht h s "cjvh kue` tCiu#asht vhtk eda eira ae(eda fmfa!, sbt h eatyrsbkh # `bh t rhajczmbhe sc jcsta te`rjc`bura. E ft rast `hgcembht sc)

Pyph

&cpcjhkhtct+ . . .6&cpc&rhdusct+*jhkhet'thfu6jhkhet'thfu+ \homr`

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`baea9PcpcHjhkhetct6 &ihtrc9&cpc&rhduhsctHe`/

&cpc'thfut+&cpc&rhduhsct/War

'thf)&cpc'thfut6$rm"h`ura pr sbtck t hjhkhetct t rc e sthf `m t csbth)

+rmoh`4rh$usb(varsthf)&cpc'thfut 6 hjhkhet9&cpcjhkhetct!(: 'thf sbt trhduhs c hjhkhetct e fmf t sthfut :!

Warpp)&cpc&rhduhsct (: &rhduhsc c hjhkhetct t rc:!

:h#ce $h%(pp!/ pp*.`baea)+jhkhet/ pp* .&ihtrc)+'thf/

'thf)+ppHe`/$rm"h`ura pr gsbcrih(jardck! t hjhkhetct t sthfut sbt)+rmoh`4rh+mp(War'thf9&cpc'thfut/ jhkhet 9&cpcjhkhetct!/War

pp9 &cpc&rhduhsct (: &rhduhsc e`cks e fmf t sthfut:!:h#ce

"g Hkty &'thf! tbhe @ajt

Hjsh

:h#ce

jhkhet)+'thf*.`baea pp)+sthf/

'thf)'thf*.&ihtrc/ cspmsh&pp)6

He`

He`6

$asc sthfu `hgcembht sc struftur alstrafth h t `beavh ,ka`bsca h tci euf sbt hfugczuar `bh ac aseibhr euf kue` t iht c pjmt. $r ft aryh rhajczckc c tccjj c sthfut faprparsc eda ac parapraf.

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29/43

_thfu -Xsbtrckh$uea kh sthf-h

'thfu sbt struftura h t `beavh h rhe`ctur scpas fmbs t sbfrckct e sthfrrhsphftcvcsbt t jh=ckct eda sthfu.'bfrckc e sthf lbht e gcjjck t sthfut.Bh=ck edasthfu dictbasbtulbht e gcjjck t sthfut . 5pra"cmeht tbhkhjmrh kh sthf-ue iae) sbfrckc e sthf, jh=ckc eda sthfu fmtrmjja sh a sbt sthfu c zlrazt, fmetrmjja sh a sbt sthfu pjmt'thfu scpas prce"cpct kue` t rhajczmbht -Kh e`cke hvardihvh (vhftmrvh!,

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-'c struftur `ceakcfh h t `beavh -kh e`ckhe h trhduhsvh(pmcethravh!Esh sbt Pyph &cpc>Wjhrhs+obar6 'thf+\homr`

Wjhra)&cpccWjhrhs Bc`bia)*'thf He`/ &rhduhsc)'thfa! 'bfruaec prm"hùrhe `bh guefscmeht fmfat h t "cjavh iae+rmoh`4rhsbfrck(v)&cpccWjhrhs!04eotcmejh=ckc)&cpc>Wjhrhs3ue"tcme czlraztl! 'bfruaec prmdrakce pr thstckce h tyrhzdic`bih h `htyrhs'thf sc prmdrak ckpjhkhetmbht sc jcst kh e`rj`bcih t eicgcsbt-

h strufturhs `ceakcfh t t `beavh. & `rhituarct(#asia! e sthflbht khe`cke h trhduhsct t fmfs s sthfut. 'thfu scpas ehvmihskue` t zdihrmbht, rhsphftcvcsbt t zvmdjmbht-Kh giaj t tihrasthfu sbt diatscs varcalcjh (t ka`bscs!$rm"hùrat h `bea `bh gufscmeht puemie vhtk kh ei sthfc "cjc sbt mlihft(ka`bsc! djmlajh e prmdrak$424K&2> c prm"hùrhs sbfrckc sbt vjhra h "cja sbfrubht esthf.sbfrckc c vjhravh e sthf sbt hghftc aesmr h hfzhfutckctt prm"hùrs 'bfrckc.3uefscmec jh=ckc sbt guefscmec uear, `.k.tb euf fa parakhtravjhra h guefscmect jh=ckc sbt vjhra H jh=mbht eda sthfuBh=ckc c vjhrs eda sthfu sbt hghftc aesmr c hfzhfutckctt guefscmect jh=ckc5phra"cmec jh=ckc kue`ht dictbasbtu t ckpjhkhetmbht sc prm"hùr$25^R2 jh=ckc(W42 v)&cpccvjhrhs!/Diat ckpjhktckct t tcjj prmdrakmr & sthfut euf fa fuptck mphra"cmec -fmetrmjjckc sh a sbt sthfu pjmt $rmdrakc `hkmestrme puee kh prm"hùrat `bh guefscmeht h `bea `be byrsh e prmdrak sbt 3iaj ajia eda $rmdrakc sbt giaja >evhrzh

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'.\he`*ht+,uhuh-'c `bh sthf-ht rhe`ht iae jcsta sph"cgcfh thf th "cjat mphra"a"cmeht tbhkhjmrh sc

sbtckc(gutia! `bh karria h t `beavh iae t fugczuara e gue` t jcsts. 2he` sbtstruftur `ceakcfh h t beavh thf h "cja hjhkhetht sbtmbhe eda eira ae `bh kcrrhe edaaea tihtr. Kh giaj t tihra , hjhkhetht prpuembhe scpas rra`bs e t "cje dihehrmbhe,`.k.tb. hjhkhetc c par c `be(c gutur! e rhe` sbt c parc c #assbk( cfapsbk! edarhe`-c. 'truftura h ftcjj sbt h eimbur kh hkrce sc 3crstT>eT3crstT5ut msh sbfurt

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'truftura 3>35. jhkhetht kcrrhe eda gcjjckc , e`rsa sbtmbhe(guthe! e e gue` t rhe`-ct.

krc rhe` (aed.4h4h! pr strufture h tcjj t `beavh sbt karr pr sbfaf t

aeajmdics kh rhe`ht eda ihta h pr`ctsbkh, e`rsa e scsthkht mphratcvh rhe`ht apjcfmbhesc rhe`ht prctsh t sbgrytzuhsvh e rhsursht h fmkpiuthrct, k s sbphsbtc prm"hsmrc#he`rmr, msh bapscra h fuihtss h "cja c eàbht prmdrakct t sbgrytzuhsct, k pas paicsihtt byrih -àjihvh hti.

$asc hjhkhetht sbtmbhe(guthe! eda eira ae `bh kcrrhe eda aea tihtr h rhe`ct iaet ehvmisbk(pr àjjck eda sthf-ht! `y trhduhs, eirc # trhdme e hjhkhetceh h pare`rsa tihtrc e hjhkhetce h gue`ct t rhe`ct. 'c `bh sth*-ht`bh rhe`-htiae fryhscsbt tpafugczuar, pmr sbt h `htyrusbkh # e %`m %ast t `ck gue`ce `bh gcjjckce h tyrh, %fa`bh jhbt rhajczmbht kh e`cke h trhduhsvh. Esh t `y trhduhsct fae vjhre ecj, rhe`-csbt c zlrazt.

5phra"cmeht tbhkhjmrh klc rhe`-ht iae t eihta sc `bh klc sthf-ht `bh rhajczmbhe

kh prm"hùra t ediaisbkh. $rm"hùra pr karrihe h hjhkhethvh t rhe`-ct sbt h eihit scprm"hùra +mpprsthf-h, e`rsa prm"hùra pr gutihe(sbtckce! h hjhkhehthvh fajmeepr tr rhe`-ce pr`hrcsa kms ta dihi(bas! t gue`ct. $m tbhfsmik h`bh eibhr shrhe`-c kue` t frfmbht vhtk e fabihe e t "cje `bh frcimbhe trhduhsct.

'c sbhklujj sbt `be shdkhet c prmdrakct pr sbtypih t hkrct t prmdrakct erhe`-ce prcts.

War

3cjjckc,aftuaj9&cpc&rhduhsct/:h#ce

4ftuaj)+3cjjckc/ bcjhaftuaj NA$cjm

:h#ce rcthje(aftuaj*.krc!/

&ihtrc)+4ftuaj*.&ihtrcHe`

He`/2hajczckc c rhe`-hvh sbt `c%fa k fmkpjhfs pr sbfaf t ehvmis # hjhkhetht

t guthe eda eira ae `bh t kcrrhe eda aea tihtr. `bh rhe`-ht kue` t rhajczmbhe kh

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e`cke h vardihvh(vhftmrvh! `bh rhfmr`hvh. E ft rast `cgceckc lbht e keyre sce vazb`ck)

=mest

Kafs+. . . /(: eukrc k c ka`b c hjhkhehtvh t vardut:! Kafsc+. . . /(: Lugcrc c scprk c ce`hfsct t vardut(Kafs-7!.:!

Pyph &cpcjhkhthvh+ . . .(: &cpc c varcaljavh e rhe`.:!Ward+Nrray A.. La*sO 5g &cpcjhkhethvh/&cpc2he`ct+ \homr` 3cjjckc,gue` 9< . .Kafsc/

jhkhet9WardHe`/

War

2he` )&cpc2he`ct6'bphsb rhe`ht rhajczmbhe sc jcsta t e`rjc`bura. E fsm rasth `hgcembhe sc)

Pyph

&cpcjhktct+ . . . / &cpc&rhduhsct+ *hjhkhetc2he`ct/ jhkhet2he`ct+\homr`

`baea)&cpcjhkhetct/ &ihtrc) &cpc&rhduhsct/

He`/ &cpc2he`ct+\homr`

3cjjckc,3ue`)&cpc&rhduhsct

He`/War

2he`)&cpc2he`ct/

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\he`-ht &4c4h)-4sbtrckh

$uea kh rhe`h2he` sbt struftur h h rhe`ctur h t `beavh scpas fmbhss gytihs(byrihs! e rhe`,rrhsphftcvhcsbt `ajihs prhi 2he`ctSyria e rhe` lbht e gue` & rrhe`ct .ajia prhi rhe`ct frubhte gcjjck t rhe`ct. 5phra"cmeht tbhkhjmrh kh rhe`h iae -Syria e rhe`

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-ajia prhi 2he`-ct -Lmetrmjja sh a sbt rhe`c c zlrazt/ -Lmetrmjja sh a sbt rhe`c c kusbur/2he`c kue` t rhajczmbht )-sc struftur statcfh h `beavh -kh e`ckkhe h vardihv(vhftmrvh! ,msh

-sc struftur `ceaakcfh kh e`cke h trhduhsvhesh sbt)"mestDiatKa=2he`+7ethdhr/ 3ue`c2he`,3cjjckc2he`)ckhezcmec he`/ a! 'bfruaec prm"hùrat `bh guefscmeht fmfat h t "cjavh iae)

+rmoh`4rhSyriaEh2he`(Warr92he`/ =9"eth#hr!/ 04eotcmeajiaEda2he`(War r92he` !ceth#hr/ 04eotcme2he`>lrazt(r)2he`!9:mmjhae/ 04eotcme2he`c$jmt(r)2he`!):mmjhae/ 'bfruaec prmdrakce pr &hstckce h tyrh GDB"@BN H +\5:;HL"P 2he`-c sc prmdrak sbt c ckpjhkhetuar sc vhftmr. $r #jjckh t fmkpjhtckct sbt karr # iae)2he`-c,gue`c2he`-ct, `bh gcjjckc2he`-ct iae hjhkheth t rhfmr`ct-3usbavh .Ly jjmih c rhe`ct t ckpjhkhetuar fa diatsce kafsckajh gcfsh-ka`bsc h "cja euf du=me(euf kue`! t thifajmbht. $rm"hùrat `bh guefscmeht h bea fae sc parakhtr t `htyruar 2he`-ce.ufh iu gajhkhe`hruar fsai e prmdrak kue` t hfzcstmie bh sbgrytzmbhe sbuk 2he`-h.E ft `htyr ftm iae )2he`-c c eukaravh imehdatcv t pjmt bh 2he`-c 2he`-c c eukaravh pmzctcv $arakhtrc c `yt c prm"hùrs byria e rhe` sbt vjhra h "cja #e`rme e rhe`. $r sbfaf km`cgcfckct t 2he`ct $arakhtc c par sbt varcalj Wjhra h guefscmect ajia eda 2he`-c sbt vjhra h "cja `hj(bc#ht! prhi 2he`-ct $r sbfaf t km`cgcfckct t 2he`ct parakhtrc c prm"hùrs sbt varclj 2he`c sbt c zlrazt e#mgtsh gcjjckc `bh gue`c c rhe`ct prputbe 2he`-c sbt c pjmt esh gue`c c 2he`ct arrce e gcjjck t rhe`ct

3cjck `bh gue`ce kue` tc parakhe`mik sc `y pcfa e `cstae" eda h trhta e t eihitce rhitck.Esh gcjjckc c rhe`ct arrce 3ue`ce h 2he`-ct -2he`c sbt c zlrazt `bh sbfaftmbht h asbtu#uitura Re`hr3jm-h 2he`ct.Esh gue`c c 2he`ct h aarrce gcjjck h rhe`ct- 2he`-c sbt pjmt `bh sbfaftmbht h asbtu#uaitura 5vhr3jm -h 2he`ct

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3uefscmec 2he`c$jmt Euf sbt c ckpjhkhetur e keyr hfspjc"cth $rmdrakc ckpjhkhetme prm"h`ure `bh guefscmeht h bea h `bea Syrsh E prmdrak sbt vhftmrc c eukravh t pjmt t e`rysbk prhi zhrm. 3ue`c c gutihs s t `beavh ihpht kh vjhre (

h eukravh e vhftmr sbt c pr"aftuar kh rra`be h gutihs(`beihs! $rmdrak 2he`T7(ceput,mutput!/ sbgrytzmbht struftura h & beavh e gmrk 2he`-ct # eda vhftmrc c `be c eukravh t pjmt e`abht vhftmrc pmzctcv `bh vhftmrc imehdatcv

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. /ra!ht `bh )hkt

Drag-c prkae lasbfsc t "aftua t hjhkhethvh t "cjat #ubhe eyih zlasbfu khei eukr t "aftuar `hdvh t "cjat jc`bce %cgth t eyihvh. Kue` t para#cthe prkhskatrc"avh msh jcstavh. 4sei ei keyr euf sbt pjmtscsbt hgcfash pasc khkmrczmbheh`bh `csa cegmrka"cmeh rhùàeth. Lur para#ctht kh e`cke h jcstavh, kue` t rhajczmbhekh vhftmr(vardih ei `ckhezcmeajh! `bh katrc"a e fmklceck kh rhfmr`h msh sbphsb scstruftura imjceharh `ceakcfh t `beavh.

Draght jaikrmbhe sc struftura `ceakcfh h t `beavh e km`hjck (h #ar#hvh

hjhftrcfh, scsthkhvh fmkuecfuhsh, strufturavh fckcfh hti.!. & `bea t vh%aeta para#hsceeyih t draghvh, e`rsa jc`biht e`rkiht t `beavh `hdt. E $as"aj prklatihe hvarcaljavh `ceakcfh h prlie t `beat h t eihtct tcp `bh prlie eyiht h dragct, e`rsa`hdt iae t pr"aftuar kh trhduhs. Warcalja trhduhsh ùbht t fht pm a# trhduhs sa fa`bh eukr kafsckaj t `hdvh t "cjat gcjjmie eda ei eyih. csa eda ftm kue` t fhe`bh vjhre ecj

'truftura h dragct `hgcembht e keyre sc e vazb`ck)=mest

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EukhrEyih+. . .Pyph

&rhduhsc+*Eyih/ Eyih+\homr` `baea)&cpchjhkhetct/

hda)NrrayY7..EukhrEyihV 5g&rhduhsc He`/$hka(aed. trhh! sbt tcp sph"caj c dragct `bh e $as"aj `hgcembht e keyre sc evazb`ck)

=mest

Kafs+ . . .6(:eukrc k c ka`b c `hdvh :!/Pyph

&cpcjhkhetct + . . .(: &cpc c t `beavh e eyih:!&rhduhs+ *Eyih/Eyih+\homr`

`baea9&cpcjhkhetct6

hda9NrrayY7 . . KafsV 5g &rhduhs He`6'truftura h phks lcearh pr`mrht kh rastce h zdic`bihs t prmljhkhvh t

e`rysbkh , e`rsa e prmdrakck pr frfck `bh smrtck t lasbfscvh t e`rysbkh t`beavh.

$rm"hùrat pr frfck e strufture h phks lcearh `bh pr 3utihe `bh gsbcrihe thjhkhethvh t vh%ae pr`mrht eyia h`bh thrdusc c kait `bh c ìatbt. 'truftura h phkslcearh `hgcembht e gmrke)

Pyph

&cpcjhkhetct+ . . .6 &rhduhsc ( UEyih/ Eyih+\homr`

`baea9&cpcjhketct/Kait, ìatbt9&rhduhsc

He`6Kh dragh `bh phk prsbfrubhe strufturat `ceakcfh imjceharh struaftura h t

"cjavh kue` t iht kiaigt fmkpjhfsh `bh euf sbt %sbtih h ftci fursc.

>skacj asbc 1


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$K4 Z>E42LM2L>K> > $KM' Z>E42$r vhftmrce h `be kh eukra t pjmt gmrkmec phke h rhe`ctur lcearh

>skacj asbc 1


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D9>S94 $25ZBK>&t SE4& byrsh e prmdrak iae)- eukrc c hjhkhethvh h vhftmrct kh eukra t pjmt-hjhkhetht h vhftmrct t `be.& `beat àjsh t prmdrakct iae hjhkhetht h rhe`ctura t phks lcearh.

jhkhetht h phks lcearh iae t tcpct)&yph 3iaj+rh"mr` "hjsc)>ethdhr/ eukrc)>ethdhr ìatbt,kait)*giaj e`/pr sh"cjce hjhkhet t `be t vhftmrct tbcrrht prm"hùra fhrfckc.Esh hjhkhetc c `be euf hfzcstme e phk -prm"hùra frfckc guthjhkhet t rc.esh hjhkhetc c gutur hfzcstme e $hk `bh esh hjhkhetc c rc k c

vmdj sh ac %hjs c phks-frfmbht e aee h kait t lrhzct.rrcth eukrc c hjhkhethvh e phk ,pasc e vhftmr jaikrmbht ceihitc hjhkhetprm"hùra sbtypia h phks sbtyp hjhkhetht h phks lcearh e keyresc e vazb`ck)-sparc sbtyphe hjhkhetht h eephks s kait-K pas sbtypht truedu, `bh-e gue` sbtyphe hjhkhetht h eephks s kait.

>skacj asbc 1


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'bthdtckc e phk Zcearh3mrkmec phke lcearh `bh vczctmeh at e rhe`ctih prhgcfhsh ,cegcfsh`bh rhe`cih pmstgcfsh$hka Zcearh ihpht kh sbhehkce prhgcfs ,`.k.tb sparc ihpht rraia h phks,Ephka h kait ,`bh e gue` ,Eephka h `iatbt.D9>S94 $25ZBK>&rraia eephkss s h kait `bh `iatbt h "cja c prdicdiht mphrae`cte prhzhetckce cethre trhdmbht kh E>B,e`rsa e prhzhetkce h=thretrhdmbht kh pcf(.!

>skacj asbc 1


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$rmdrak prlbht prhi prm"h`urs)-$rhuhj...`baeia(gutia! h phks lcearh t `be kh sbheckce prhgufs.-$rhgcrh`...vczcta h phkhks lcearh kh rhe`ctih prhgcfsh `bh sbtypia hsai e sbheckce prhgcfs-cegrhe`.....

-pmstgrhe`... ...prm"h`urat h `bea iae rhfurzcvh `bh sbprhbce hsh"e"e h vczctst phks

>skacj asbc 1


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