Web viewYORUBA. LafiaAlafia. AlbasaAlubasa. WatWakati. SanmoSonmo. ISLAMIC SCHOOL: What we had in Nigeria was Informational Education

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Office Address: Opp. AAUA Big gate, in front of Oroke High

School(Oroke small lock up shop), Akungba-Akoko.

Contact Us: 08105979692, 07066405703, 07069047498.

GST 123B – COMMUNICATION IN ARABIC

SUMMARY

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COURSE OUTLINES

Historical Background of Arabic

Arabic Consonants

Arabic Short Vowels (Harakaat)

Arabic Long Vowels (Huruful-Madd)

Shadal

Tanwin

Quamariyyah & Shamsiyyah (Moon and Sun Letters)

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF ARABIC

Arabic came to Africa during 11 th century. Arabic Language

came to Nigeria in the 13 th century and that was in Borno State.

Arabic is not a foreign Language in Nigeria, because some

ethnic group in the eastern part of Nigeria has been speaking the

language right from the concept . These people are the SHUWA-

ARABS.

IMPORTANCE OF STUDYING ARABIC.

Arabic is an adopted language in the UN (United Nations).


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Arabic is an adopted language in ECOWAS

Arabic is a language of Islamic religion

Arabic makes non-muslim to get familiar to the religion.

It is an academic field of study

INTRODUCTION TO FOREIGN RELIGION IN NIGERIA

ISLAM: It came first in the 11 th Century . Presently,

researchers said it was introduced in the 9 th Century to

Nigeria. In the (16th – 17th) Century. It was spread to the

western part. The first mosque was built in Oyo, in the 15 th

Century.

IMPACT OF ISLAM


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POLITICAL IMPACT: The first political impact was

introduced by Emirate Chief into the North. The Caliphate

was headed by UTHMAN DAN FODIYO.

UTMAN DAN FODIYO: It is divided into two which are

the son and his brother. The Southern part of Sokoto is the

head of all Hausa Emirs.

SOCIAL IMPACT: Polygamy came by Islam in a

different way by marrying four (4) wives with a condition

of satisfying all.

LEGAL SYSTEM: Islam has been able to affect the legal

system of the North, known as the SHARIA LAW. In the

year 1999, a debate was held about the law of Sharia. It

was concluded that Nigeria has its own law, so it was not

legal throughout Nigeria.

DRESSING PATTERN: By their fruits, you shall know

them.


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LANGUAGE: The Yorubas have been able to borrow

some words.

i.e. ARABIC YORUBA

Lafia Alafia

Albasa Alubasa

Wat Wakati

Sanmo Sonmo

ISLAMIC SCHOOL: What we had in Nigeria was

Informational Education. Presently, we have Formal Education.

i.e. gathering somewhere with no other motive, intention or aim

but to learn.

CHRISTIANITY

ATTEMPT: The first attempt to introduce Christianity to

Nigeria was in the 15th Century but it failed. The peopke

thought they were there to cheat on them. In the 18th


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Century, different missionaries came through the South in

different Areas through the sea.

IMPACT: Western Education was accessible through the

Christian Missionaries.

MARRIAGE: One man, one woman.

LEGAL SYSTEM: This was affected by the Western

which access were made possible through Christianity

before judgment being done instantly within a pronounced

interval e.g. days by the gods by swearing of oaths.

ECONOMIC IMPACT: These Missionaries were

economists and traders. They introduced large plantation

(Commercial Farming) before subsistence form of farming

was adopted presently in Nigeria Nationwide. We have so

many large plantations across the nation e.g. Ondo-Cocoa

plantation, e.t.c.


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ARABIC CONSONANTS

Alif and Hamzah cannot stand on their own, since we have Alif we

don’t need Hamzah. Since we have ‘Lam and Alif’ no need of

LamAlif. The Consonants will now be 28 alphabets.

NB: Arabic alphabets are 30 when written down i.e. In

practical use or in actual sense.

Arabic is written from right to left unlike English Lanuguage.


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VOWELS

Short Vowels (Harakaat)

- Fathah: that appears on the top of an alphabet and it sounds ‘a’

(-)

- Kasrah: a vowel sound that appears at the bottom of an

alphabet and it gives the sound ‘i’ (.)

- Dommah: It appears at the top of an alphabet and it gives the

sound ‘u’. These are considered as short vowels.

- NB: Dommoh gives the sound ‘Hu’

Sukun is a silent vowel and is put under consonant (o).

Arabic long vowels are (3) huruful-Madd.

i. Alif-madd-haa

ii. Waw-madd-huu

iii. Yaw-madd-hii

NB: Alif goes with Fatihah

Waw goes with Dommah

Yaw goes with Kasrah.


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Sukun cannot be elongated because it is a silent vowel.

NB: Tanwin means: Double short vowels.

Shaddah means: Double consonant vowels.

Huruful-Madd means: Long vowels.

Harakaat: Short Vowels.

Fatihahtan means Two Fatihahs e.g. ‘Ba will change to

Ban.’

Dommatan means Two Dommahs e.g. ‘Bu will change to

Bun.’

Kasratan means Two Kasrahs e.g. ‘Bi will change to Bin.’

Elongation of Consonants:

Yah with Kasrah will give us ‘Yi’

Waw with Dommah will give us ‘Wu’

Alif with Fatihah will give us ‘Alifi’


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TYPES OF ARABIC LANGUAGE

CLASSICAL OR STANDARD ARABIC: The Holy

Qur’an revealed in classical form which has its grammatical

rules/principles that guides its constructions and it is used in

FORMAL DISCUSSIONS e.g. writing of articles, letters

and lecturing other formal interaction. It is referred to as

FUSHAH.

COLLOQUIAL ARABIC: It is an INFORMAL

LANGUAGE which does not have any grammatical rules or

principles, and is being used for INFORMAL

DISCUSSION e.g. market, homes e.t.c. It is referred to as

LAHJAH.

MORDERN ARABIC: It is a new trend in technology that

brought about the modern Arabic. It is being known due to

modern technology inventory. It is referred to as ASRIYAH.


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QUAMARIYYAH AND SHAMSIYYAH

Quamariyyah are referred to as MOON LETTERS while

Shamsiyyah are referred to as SUN LETTERS.

In order to get familliar with those letters, that is, to different

between them, below is a tabulated form of those letters.

QUAMARIYYAH SHAMSIYYAH

Alif Ta

Ba Tha

Jim Dal

Ha Zhal

Kha Ra

Ain Zain

Gain Sin

Faf Shin

Quaf Sad

Khef Dad

Mim Tah

Waw Zhod

Haw Lam

Ya Nun

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Shamsiyyah – Sun letters

Quamariyyah – Moon letters

NB: From the above Arabic alphabets, Shamsiyyah are called

sun letters and they are those letters that seems to be fading.

While Quamariyyah are called moon letters and they are those

letters that appear darker.


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1. When Arabic consonants are written, we have ______

(a) Twenty-eight (b) Twenty-nine (c) Thirty (d) Twenty eight or

Thirty

2. The sixth Arabic consonants (a) Ta (b) Tha (c) Kha (d) Ha

3. Which of these is true of Arabic language in Nigeria (a) Arabic

is a foreign language in Nigeria (b) Arabic is old as Nigeria (c)

Arabic is a foreign language (d) Nigeria is an Arabic

4. The Shuwa Arabs are found (a) Among the Fulani (b) In the

North (c) Among the Hausas (d) In Borno State.

5. The third to the last Arabic consonants is (a) LamAlif (b)

Hamzah (c) Han (d) war

6. Arabic primary speakers spread across the (a) NorthernAfrica

(b) Part of Europe (c) Middle east (d) All of the above

7. Lahjah is known as (a) Classical Arabic (b) Colloquial (c)

Modern Arabic (d) Original Arabic

8. The Asriyah type of Arabic can be used in (a) Market Place (b)

At home (c) Informal discussion (d) None of the above

9. Asriyah is known as (a) Classical Arabic (b) Colloquial Arabic

(c) Modern Arabic (d) Original Arabic


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10. Fushah is known as (a) Classical Arabic (b) Colloquial (c)

Modern Arabic (d) Original Arabic

11. The tenth Arabic consonant is (a) Ra (b) Zain (c) kha (d) Ha

12. A consonant with falilah will give ________ sound (a) ‘i’(b) ‘u’

(c) ‘a’ (d) fatihah

13. Colloquial type of Arabic is commonly spoken in (a) School (b)

Formal Meeting (c) Markets (d) None of the above

14. Kasrah sign is put (a) Under consonants (b) on consonants (c)

under or on consonants (d)All of the above

15. A consonant with kasrah will give (a) ‘I’(b) ‘u’ (c) ‘a’ (d)

Kasrah

16. A consonant with kasrah can be elongated by using (a) war (b)

Alif (c) Yau (d)Kasrah

17. Punyin is called ‘Nunation Signs’ because (a) It gives ‘n’ sound

occasionally (b) it may give ‘n’ sound (c) it must give ‘n’ sound

(d) all of the above

18. A consonant with dommah will give ______ sound? (a) ‘i’ (b)

‘u’ (c) ‘a’ (d) Dommah

19. A consonant with dommah can be elongated by using (a) waw

(b) Alif (c) Yam (d) Fatihah

20. A consonant with Fatihah can be elongated by using (a) waw (b)

Alif (c) yau (d) Fatihah


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21. The classical type of Arabic can be used in (a) Market place (b)

at home (c) informal discussion (d) formal discussion

22. The common type of Arabic in the Islamic world is (a) Asriyah

(b) Lahjah (c) Asariyah (d) Fushah

23. The common type of Arabic in the Arab world is (a) Asriyah (b)

Lahjah (c) Asariyah (d) Fushah

24. Consonant ‘Thi’ with Kasratan will be pronounced (a) ‘Thi’ (b)

‘Thii’ (c) ‘Thun’(d) ‘Thin’

25. The last Arabic alphabet is (a) waw (b) Hamzah (c) Yaw (d) Alif

26. Quamariyyah letters are also known as (a) Sun letter (b) Moon

letter (c) Sun and moon letter (d) None of the above

27. Shamsiyyah letters are known as (a) Sun letter (b) Moon Letter

(c) Sun and moon letter (d) None of the above

28. Shamsiyyah letter is (a) kaf (b) Zain (c) Jim (d) Qaf

29. Quamariyyah letter is (a) Ghain (b) Lam (c) Sin (d) Sad

30. A consonant with Sukun will be pronounced (a) force and lightly

(b) with full force (c) Lightly (d) With force

31. Sukun can be categorized under (a) kasrah (b) hun madd (c)

harakat (d) Tawin

32. Consonant ‘Ha’ with kasratan will be pronounced as (a) Hi (b)

Hii (c) Han (d) Hin

33. Consonant ‘Dhal’ with kasrah will be pronounced as (a) Dhi (b)

Dhali (c) Dhan (d) DhinGet more of your materials @ BALINGA REGISTRATION CENTRE | Marketed by: HOPEClincoln 08145239533

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34. Double consonant are called (a) Huruful-madd (b) Harakat (c)

Shaddah (d) Shaddah-madd

35. Major Short vowels comprises (a) Dommah (b) Kasrah (c)

Fatihah (d) All of the above

36. Silent vowel can also be called (a) Dommah (b) Kasrah (c)

Fatihah (d) Sukun

37. Consonant ‘Jim’ with ‘Fatihah’ will be pronounced as (a) Jima

(b) Ja (c) Jan (d) Jiman

38. A consonant with shaddah will be pronounced (a) Forcefully and

lightly (b) with full force (c) lightly (d) with little force

39. Long vowels are called (a) Huruful (b) Madd (c) Huruful-

harakat (d) Huruful-madd

40. Consonant ‘Waw’ with Fatihatan will be pronounced as (a)

Wawa (b) Wawan (c) Wan (d) Waa

41. A consonant with long vowels will have pronunciation (a)

Occasionally elongated (b) Usually elongated (c) Always

elongated (d) Partly elongated

42. During elongation, Alif goes with (a) Fatihah (b) Dommah (c)

Kasrah (d) Madd

43. During elongation, ‘Waw’ goes with (a) Fatihah (b) Dommah

(c) Kasrah (d) Madd

44. During elongation, ‘Yau’ goes with (a) Fatihah (b) Dommah (c)

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45. One of the following of Tawin is that it can be used as (a)

Quamariyyah (b) Article ‘A’ (c) Article ‘The’ (d) Madd

46. Arabic consonants are (a) 30 (b) 29 (c) 28 (d) 14

47. Lam and Alif can also be referred to as (a) Alif, Lam and

Hamzah (b) Lam and Alif (c) Alif and Lam (d) LamAlif

48. The combination of Lam and Alif is (a) Alif, Lam and Hamzah

(b) Lam and Alif (c) Alif and Lam (d) LamAlif

49. Assalamu Alaykun means (a) Good morning (b) Good afternoon

(c) Good evening (d) Mode of greeting

50. Was-salam at the end of each lesson means (a) Goodbye (b)

Peace (c) You can leave (d) Period

51. The second to the last Arabic alphabet is (a) Hamzah (b) Haw

(c) LamAlif (d) Alif

52. One of the characteristics of Arabic is that (a) it is the language

of the Arabs (b) it came from Maccah (c) It came from maccai

(d) It is written from right hand to left hand

53. One of the importance of learning Arabic in Nigeria is that (a) it

can be used as supplications (b) it is one of the international

languages (c) it is written from right to left (d) All of the above

54. The second Arabic alphabet is (a) Ta (b) Hamzah (c) Alif (d) Ba

55. Which of the following is true of Sukun? (a) Sukun is strong (b)

Sukun is pronounced lightly (c) Sukun is stronger than Fatihah

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56. Hau belongs to (a) Quamariyyah letters (b) Shamsiyyah letters

(c) Huruful-Madd (d) None of the above

57. Shin belongs to (a) Quamariyyah letters (b) Shamsiyyah (c)

Huruful-Madd (d) None of the above

58. Alif is a member of (a) Harakaat (b) Shamsiyyah (c) Huruful-

Madd (d) None of the above

59. Nun belongs to (a) Quamariyyah (b) Shamsiyyah (c) Huruful-

Madd (d) None of the above

60. The Glorious Qur’an was revealed in (a) Classical Arabic (b)

Mordern Arabic (c) Original Arabic (d) Colloquial

61. Consonant ‘Ra’ with Fatihah will be pronounced as (a) Ra (b)

Ra Fatahah (c) Rara (d) All of the above

62. Consonant ‘Faf’ with fatahah will be pronounced as (a) Fafa (b)

Fa fatahah (c) Fa (d) All of the above

63. Which of these is true of Arabic alphabets (a) Arabic alphabets

are also known as consonants (b) Arabic alphabets can also be

used as short vowels (c) None of Arabic consonants can be used

as long vowels (d) All of the above.

64. Consonant Alif with Kasrah will be pronounced as (a) A (b) I (c)

Alifi (d) Alif Kasrah

65. Which of these is true of Lam Alif (a) It is not part of Arabic

alphabets (b) It is not different from Hamzah (c) It is stronger

than Hamzah (d) None of the above Get more of your materials @ BALINGA REGISTRATION CENTRE | Marketed by: HOPEClincoln 08145239533

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66. Which of these is true of Arabic Language? (a) It is a member

of semectic language (b) It is not different from Chinese

Language (c) It is like Greek and Hebrew (d) All of the above

67. Consonant ‘Yau’ with Dommah will be pronounced as (a) Yaa

(b) Yayu (c) Yu (d) Ya Dommah

68. ‘Tawin’ means (a) Double Fatahah (b) Double Kasrah (c)

Double Dommah (d) Double short vowels

69. Consonants ‘Qaf’ with Dommah will be pronounced (a) Qafu (b)

Qa Dommah (c) Qu (d) Qafa

70. Consonant ‘Jim’ with Fatahah will be elongated with (a) Ja (b)

JaAlif (c) Jaya (d) Ja Fatahah

71. Vowel of elongation is (a) Fatahah (b) Dommah (c) Kasrah (d)

Waw

72. To elongate a consonant, we may use (a) Fatahah (b) Dommah

(c) Alif (d) Kasrah

73. We may use _________ to elongate a consonant (a) Yau (b)

Dommah (c) Kasrah (d) Fatahah

74. Consonant ‘Lain’ Dommah will be pronounced as (a) Lam (b)

Lamu (c) Lu (d) La Dommah

75. One of the importance of learning Arabic Language in Nigeria is

that (a) It can be used as supplications (b) It is a course of study

in higher institution (c) It is written from right side to left side

(d) None of the above Get more of your materials @ BALINGA REGISTRATION CENTRE | Marketed by: HOPEClincoln 08145239533

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76. Consonants ‘Waw’ with Fatahah will be elongated with (a) Yau

(b) Alif (c) Waw (d) Yau, Alif and Waw

77. A consonant ‘Waw’ with Dommah will be pronounced as (a)

Wu (b) Waw (c) Bu (d) WaDommah

78. Consonant Hamzah with Fatihah will be pronounced as (a) Yau

(b) Alif (c) Waw (d) Yau, Alif and Waw

79. Consonant Hamzah with Dommah will be pronounced as (a)

Huu (b) Hu (c) Hawu (d) Hamzah Dommah

80. Fatihatan means (a) Two Fatihah (b) Two Fatihahs (c) Two

Fats (d) Two Fatihs

81. Dommatan means (a) Two Dommahs (b) Two Dommah (c)

Two Dammah (d) Two Damihs

82. Kasratan means (a) Two Kars (b) Two Kasrahs (c) Two Kasras

(d) Two Kosrahs

83. Fatihah sign is put (a) under consonants (b) On consonants (c)

Under or On Consonants (d) All of the above

84. Dommah sign is put (a) Under consonants (b) On consonants

(c) Under or On consonants (d) All of the above

85. Shaddah sign is put (a) Under consonants (b) On consonants


86. Sukun sign is put (a) Under consonant (b) On consonant (c)

Under or On consonant (d) All of the above


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87. Doubled vowels are known as (a) Shaddah (b) Sukun (c)

Tanwin (d) Balinga (e) Ennylex-Gold

88. Hamzah belongs to (a) Quamariyyah (b) Shamsiyyah (c)

Harakaat (d) None of the above

89. LamAlif belongs to (a) Quamarriyyah (b) Shamsiyyah (c)

Harakaat (d) None of the above

90. Tanwin signs are put (a) Under consonants (b) On consonants


91. Which of these is true of Alif (a) It is not part of Arabic

alphabets (b) It is not different from Hamzah (c) than Hamzah

(d) None of the above

92. Which of these is true of Alif (a) It is not part of Arabic

alphabets (b) It is not part of vowels (c) It is stronger than Yau

(d) It carries Hamzah at times

93. Alif belongs to (a) Harakaat (b) Shamsiyyah letters (c)

Quamariyyah letters (d) None of the above

94. Za belongs to (a) Harakaat (b) Shamsiyyah letters (c)


95. Dad belongs to (a) Harakaat (b) Shamsiyyah letters (c)


96. Tha belongs to (a) Harakaat (b) Shamsiyyah letters (c)



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97. Which of these is true of Quamariyyah and Shamsiyyah (a) They

are not part of Arabic alphabets (b) They are not part of Arabic

consonants (c) They do not have vowels (d) They share the

same Numbers of Arabic letter

98. The course code of Communication in Arabic is (a) GST 121 (b)

GST 123A (c) ENT 123B (d) GST123B

99. Sukun has sign (a) a (b) I (c) u (d) o

100. Vowels in Arabic are divided into (a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 14 (d) 28


Documents

Web viewYORUBA. LafiaAlafia. AlbasaAlubasa. WatWakati. SanmoSonmo. ISLAMIC SCHOOL: What we had in Nigeria was Informational Education