w Ipdn-‚p-I˜Ipdn-‚p-I˜ · 2007 sabv 3 ap¡m´ \qäm›v ]n¶n« ae-bm-f-ﬂnse GI CkvemanI {]kn-†o-I-cWw Printed & Published by M.A. Muhammed, for the Kerala Ahmadiyya Jama-at

$Page 1: w Ipdn-‚p-I˜Ipdn-‚p-I˜ · 2007 sabv 3 ap¡m´ \qäm›v ]n¶n« ae-bm-f-flnse GI CkvemanI {]kn-†o-I-cWw Printed & Published by M.A. Muhammed, for the Kerala Ahmadiyya Jama-at$
32007 sabv2007 sabv2007 sabv2007 sabv2007 sabv

ap°m¬ \q‰m≠v ]n∂n´ ae-bm-f-Ønse GI CkvemanI ]kn-≤o-I-cWwap°m¬ \q‰m≠v ]n∂n´ ae-bm-f-Ønse GI CkvemanI ]kn-≤o-I-cWwap°m¬ \q‰m≠v ]n∂n´ ae-bm-f-Ønse GI CkvemanI ]kn-≤o-I-cWwap°m¬ \q‰m≠v ]n∂n´ ae-bm-f-Ønse GI CkvemanI ]kn-≤o-I-cWwap°m¬ \q‰m≠v ]n∂n´ ae-bm-f-Ønse GI CkvemanI ]kn-≤o-I-cWw

Printed & Published by M.A. Muhammed, for the Kerala Ahmadiyya Jama-at at Geethanjali Offset Press, Feroke, Calicut.Edited by A. M. Muhammed Salim. Typeset, Layout & Cover Design : Victory Creations, CLT - 1.

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]pkvXIw 79

e°w 5

sabv 2007lnPvdØv 1386

d. BJn¿ ˛ P. A∆¬ 1428

No^v FUn-‰¿No^v FUn-‰¿No^v FUn-‰¿No^v FUn-‰¿No^v FUn-‰¿

auehn apl-ΩZv Ckvambn¬

FUn-‰¿FUn-‰¿FUn-‰¿FUn-‰¿FUn-‰¿G. Fw. apl-ΩZv kenw

FUn-t‰m-dn-b¬ t_m¿UvFUn-t‰m-dn-b¬ t_m¿UvFUn-t‰m-dn-b¬ t_m¿UvFUn-t‰m-dn-b¬ t_m¿UvFUn-t‰m-dn-b¬ t_m¿Uv

s]m^. alvaqZv AlvaZv

(sN-b¿am≥)

sI.-hn. Cuk-t°mb

sI. hn. l ≥ tImb

]n. Fw. _jo¿ AlvaZv

sF. sI. AlvaZvIpń

amt\-P¿amt\-P¿amt\-P¿amt\-P¿amt\-P¿

Fw.-sI. Cºn-®n-t°m-bń

skI-´dnskI-´dnskI-´dnskI-´dnskI-´dn

]n. Fw. AlvaZv l ≥

k¿°p-te-j≥ amt\-P¿k¿°p-te-j≥ amt\-P¿k¿°p-te-j≥ amt\-P¿k¿°p-te-j≥ amt\-P¿k¿°p-te-j≥ amt\-P¿

Fkv. apl-ΩZv kenw

hcn-kwJy ˛ 120 I.

H‰-]Xn ˛ 12 I.

hnemkw

kXy-Zq-X≥kXy-Zq-X≥kXy-Zq-X≥kXy-Zq-X≥kXy-Zq-X≥

Pn. F®v. tdmUv, tImgn-t°m-Sv.Pn. F®v. tdmUv, tImgn-t°m-Sv.Pn. F®v. tdmUv, tImgn-t°m-Sv.Pn. F®v. tdmUv, tImgn-t°m-Sv.Pn. F®v. tdmUv, tImgn-t°m-Sv.

t^m¨ : t^m¨ : t^m¨ : t^m¨ : t^m¨ : 0495 (Mob.) ˛ 0495 (Mob.) ˛ 0495 (Mob.) ˛ 0495 (Mob.) ˛ 0495 (Mob.) ˛ 6520733 6520733 6520733 6520733 6520733

95495 (Land) 95495 (Land) 95495 (Land) 95495 (Land) 95495 (Land) ^mIvkv^mIvkv^mIvkv^mIvkv^mIvkv : 0495 - 2721609

e-mail: [email protected]

ÿm]nXwÿm]nXwÿm]nXwÿm]nXwÿm]nXw

19251925192519251925

45

6

1510

19

bpK-i_vZwbpK-i_vZwbpK-i_vZwbpK-i_vZwbpK-i_vZw

apJ-°p-dn∏vapJ-°p-dn∏vapJ-°p-dn∏vapJ-°p-dn∏vapJ-°p-dn∏v

Jp¿-B≥ ˛ kp∂Øv ˛ lZokvJp¿-B≥ ˛ kp∂Øv ˛ lZokvJp¿-B≥ ˛ kp∂Øv ˛ lZokvJp¿-B≥ ˛ kp∂Øv ˛ lZokvJp¿-B≥ ˛ kp∂Øv ˛ lZokv

lZvdØv an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv (A)

teJ\wteJ\wteJ\wteJ\wteJ\w

sU∑m¿°v kntºm-knbwsU∑m¿°v kntºm-knbwsU∑m¿°v kntºm-knbwsU∑m¿°v kntºm-knbwsU∑m¿°v kntºm-knbw

shfn-]m-Sp-I-fpsS ]IrXwshfn-]m-Sp-I-fpsS ]IrXwshfn-]m-Sp-I-fpsS ]IrXwshfn-]m-Sp-I-fpsS ]IrXwshfn-]m-Sp-I-fpsS ]IrXw

lZvdØv an¿km Xzmln¿ AlvaZv

Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬°p∂ djyDbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬°p∂ djyDbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬°p∂ djyDbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬°p∂ djyDbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬°p∂ djy

hvfmZvao¿ dZn-bp-ln≥

InkvXpaXw hmKvZØ ako-ln\v apºpw ]nºpwInkvXpaXw hmKvZØ ako-ln\v apºpw ]nºpwInkvXpaXw hmKvZØ ako-ln\v apºpw ]nºpwInkvXpaXw hmKvZØ ako-ln\v apºpw ]nºpwInkvXpaXw hmKvZØ ako-ln\v apºpw ]nºpw

A_vZp-d-ln-am≥, sImSn-b-Øq¿

lZvdØv AlvaZn (A) s‚ bu∆-\-ImewlZvdØv AlvaZn (A) s‚ bu∆-\-ImewlZvdØv AlvaZn (A) s‚ bu∆-\-ImewlZvdØv AlvaZn (A) s‚ bu∆-\-ImewlZvdØv AlvaZn (A) s‚ bu∆-\-Imew

G.-Iyp. alvZn

aXw amdp-∂-hs\ h[n-°mtam?aXw amdp-∂-hs\ h[n-°mtam?aXw amdp-∂-hs\ h[n-°mtam?aXw amdp-∂-hs\ h[n-°mtam?aXw amdp-∂-hs\ h[n-°mtam?

G.-Fw. apl-ΩZv kenw

A\p-kvacWwA\p-kvacWwA\p-kvacWwA\p-kvacWwA\p-kvacWw

]nb-¶-c-\mb lZvdØv anbm≥ kmln_v]nb-¶-c-\mb lZvdØv anbm≥ kmln_v]nb-¶-c-\mb lZvdØv anbm≥ kmln_v]nb-¶-c-\mb lZvdØv anbm≥ kmln_v]nb-¶-c-\mb lZvdØv anbm≥ kmln_v

Fw.-F. apl-ΩZv

Ah-tem-I\wAh-tem-I\wAh-tem-I\wAh-tem-I\wAh-tem-I\w

tImgn-t°ms´ A¬Jp¿-B≥ FIvkn-_n-j≥tImgn-t°ms´ A¬Jp¿-B≥ FIvkn-_n-j≥tImgn-t°ms´ A¬Jp¿-B≥ FIvkn-_n-j≥tImgn-t°ms´ A¬Jp¿-B≥ FIvkn-_n-j≥tImgn-t°ms´ A¬Jp¿-B≥ FIvkn-_n-j≥

sI.-]n. AlvaZv

Ipdn-∏p-IƒIpdn-∏p-IƒIpdn-∏p-IƒIpdn-∏p-IƒIpdn-∏p-Iƒ

Cukm-\-_n(-A)-bpsS ac-Whpw ssiJv apl-ΩZv Imc-°p-∂ns‚Cukm-\-_n(-A)-bpsS ac-Whpw ssiJv apl-ΩZv Imc-°p-∂ns‚Cukm-\-_n(-A)-bpsS ac-Whpw ssiJv apl-ΩZv Imc-°p-∂ns‚Cukm-\-_n(-A)-bpsS ac-Whpw ssiJv apl-ΩZv Imc-°p-∂ns‚Cukm-\-_n(-A)-bpsS ac-Whpw ssiJv apl-ΩZv Imc-°p-∂ns‚

"Zzµm-flI "s´' kn≤m-¥hpw'"Zzµm-flI "s´' kn≤m-¥hpw'"Zzµm-flI "s´' kn≤m-¥hpw'"Zzµm-flI "s´' kn≤m-¥hpw'"Zzµm-flI "s´' kn≤m-¥hpw'

hm¿Ø-Iƒ, A\p-kva-cWwhm¿Ø-Iƒ, A\p-kva-cWwhm¿Ø-Iƒ, A\p-kva-cWwhm¿Ø-Iƒ, A\p-kva-cWwhm¿Ø-Iƒ, A\p-kva-cWw

23

32

36

38

14

29

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Jp¿-B-\n¬ \n∂vJp¿-B-\n¬ \n∂vJp¿-B-\n¬ \n∂vJp¿-B-\n¬ \n∂vJp¿-B-\n¬ \n∂vCu temI-Øp-sh®p kXy-t_m-[-

]-Imiw kn≤n® hnizm-kn-I-fpsS BZnhy-]-Imiw \ymb-hn-kvXmc \mfn¬Ah-cpsS ap≥h-iØpw ]h-ln-®p-sIm-≠n-cn -°p -∂-Xm-Wv. tl Rß-fpsS\mYm! \o Rß-fpsS ]Imiw ]cn-]q¿Æ-am-°n-Ø-cp-Ibpw Rßsf \ns‚aKv^n-d-Øn¬ AYhm kwc-£-W-bn¬kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw sNtø-Wta! \o k¿∆hkvXp-°-fp-tSbpw ta¬ i‡n-bp-≈-h-\t√m F∂v Ah¿ ]m¿∞n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°pw.

(hn: Jp¿-B≥ 66:9)(hn: Jp¿-B≥ 66:9)(hn: Jp¿-B≥ 66:9)(hn: Jp¿-B≥ 66:9)(hn: Jp¿-B≥ 66:9)

hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs‚ A≤ym-]\a\p-k-cn®p kz¿§hpw \c-Ihpw a\p-

jys‚ sFlnI Pohn-Xm-h-ÿ-I-fpsS ]Xn-cq-]-ß-fm-Ip-∂p. Ah ]pdta

\n∂pw hcp∂ \hy-amb PVn-I-tem-I-a-√. kz¿§-\-c-I-ßƒ PV-cq-]-

Øn¬ ]Xy-£-am-hp∂hbm-sW-¶nepw Ah Cu Pohn-X-Ønse Bflo-

bm-hÿIfpsS ]Xn-Om-b-Iƒ amX-am-Ip-∂p. kz¿§w Cu temI-Øn-

ep-≈-Xp-t]mse hr£-ßƒ \´p-]n-Sn-∏n-®n-´p≈ PVn-I-amb temI-am-

sWt∂m \cIw K‘-in-e-I-tfmSpw a‰pw IqSnb ùXn-I-amb IpSo-c-am-

sWt∂m Rßƒ hniz-kn-°p-∂n-√. t\sc adn®v, kz¿§hpw \c-Ihpw

Ckvemw aXw ]Tn-∏n-°p∂ ]Imcw a\p-jys‚ sFlnI Pohn-X-Ønse

I¿Ωm-h-ÿ-I-fpsS ]Xn-^-e-\-ß-fm-Ip--∂p-sh-∂mWv Rßƒ hniz-kn-

°p∂-Xv. (Ckvemw aX-X-Øz-⁄m-\w)(Ckvemw aX-X-Øz-⁄m-\w)(Ckvemw aX-X-Øz-⁄m-\w)(Ckvemw aX-X-Øz-⁄m-\w)(Ckvemw aX-X-Øz-⁄m-\w)

188


apJ°pdn∏vapJ°pdn∏vapJ°pdn∏vapJ°pdn∏vapJ°pdn∏v

lZvdØv kmln_v kmZm an¿km hknw AlvaZvlZvdØv kmln_v kmZm an¿km hknw AlvaZvlZvdØv kmln_v kmZm an¿km hknw AlvaZvlZvdØv kmln_v kmZm an¿km hknw AlvaZvlZvdØv kmln_v kmZm an¿km hknw AlvaZvAlvaZnøm apkvenw Pam-AØv \mkn¿ AAvem lZvdØv kmln_v kmZm an¿km hknw

AlvaZv (80) 2007 G]n¬ 29 Rmb-dmgvN cmXn 9.20\v Aar-Xvk-dn¬ sh®v Znhw-K-X-\m-bn. C∂m-

en-√mln hC∂m Cebvln dmPn-Du≥....

AlvaZn-Iƒ _lp-am-\-]p-c- cw kvt\l-hm-’-ey-tØmsS hnfn-®n-cp∂ anbm≥ kmln_v ˛

JmZn-bms‚ IncoSw sh°mØ cmP-Ip-am-cs‚ ]Im-i-]q-cn-X-amb D÷ze-h-Z\w C\n Hm¿Ω amX-

am-bn. hmKvZØ alvZn-bpsS ]uX-s\∂ P∑-PmX hc-e_v[n Xs∂ B alm-flm-hns\ AlvaZn-

I-fpsS IÆn-ep-Æn-bm°n am‰n-bn-cp-∂p. JmZn-bms‚ ]pc-kvI¿Øm-hmb Aao¿, mcX PamAØns‚

\mkn¿ AAvem XpS-ßn ]c-tam-∂X ]Z-hn-I-fpsS XnI-hn¬ Ipeo\ hy‡n-Xz-tØmsS B alm\p-

`m-h≥ kqcy-k-am\w hnf-ßn \n∂p. im¥-kp-µ-chpw Kl-\-Kw-ò-c-hp-amb B A\p-]a hy‡n-]-`m-

h-Øns‚ amkva-cn-I-X-bn¬ JmZn-bm-\nse P¬km-Km-lp-Iƒ \nd-™p-\n-∂n-cp-∂p. anbm≥ kmln_v

Ft∏mgpw AlvaZn-I-fpsS Hcm-I¿j--W-tI-µhpw Bth-i-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p.

Cukm ako-lns‚ Pdp-ktew t]mse hmKvZØ ako-lns‚ JmZn-bm\pw c‡-]-f-b-ß-fpsS

\Sp-hn¬ s]´p-t]mb Ncn-X-k-µ¿ -ßƒ°v km£yw hln-®n- p-≠v. Zu¿`m-Ky-I-c-amb hn -P-\-Øns‚

\mfp-I-fn¬ I_-‘-ßfpw hntO-Zn-°-s∏´ a\p-jym-h-b-h-ßfpw sIm≠v hnOn-∂-amb Hcp P\-]-Y-

Øns‚ at≤y-bm-bn-cp∂p JmZn-bm≥. _nbmkv \Zn°v kam-¥-c-am-sbm-gp-Inb h¿§ob c‡-]p-g-

bpsS Hmcw tN¿∂v Aeu-InIim¥n-bpsS \ni-_vZ-aq-I-X-bn¬ an\m-d-Øp¬ ako-ln¬ \n∂v _ms¶m-

en-Iƒ s]mgn-®p-sIm≠v A∂v JmZn-bm≥ \ne-sIm≠p. _en-Zm-\n-I-fmbn ]Xn⁄ sNbvX _Z¿

ipl-Zm-°sf A\p-kva-cn-∏n-°p∂ 313 AlvaZn Z¿th-ip-I-fm-bn-cp∂p ssZhm-\p-K-l-Øm¬ JmZn-

bms\ ImØ-Xv. B JmZn-bms\ C∂sØ \ne-bn¬ hf¿Øn-b-Xv lZvdØv an¿km hknw AlvaZv

kmln_v Bbn-cp∂p. IAv_mebw ]Wn-bm≥ Atd-_y≥ aW-em-c-Wy-Øns‚ òI-c-hn-P-\-X-bn¬

Xs‚ ]pXs\ Dt]-£n-®p-t]mb Jeo-ep√mln C_m-ln-ans\(A) t]mse Jeo-^-Øp¬ akolv

c≠m-a≥ hn`-P-\m-\-¥c `mc-X-Øn-te°v Xs‚ ]pX-\mb hknw AlvaZns\ Ab-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-

∂p. hn`-P-\m-\-¥cw On∂-`n-∂-amb `mc-X-Ønse Pam-A-Øp-Isf At±-l-Øns‚ kpi-‡-amb

t\Xr-Xz-Øn\p Iogn¬ ]p\- w-L-Sn-∏n-®p-sIm≠v Jnem- -Øp-ambn hnf°nt®¿°m≥ At±-l-Øn\p

Ign-™p.

B¿Z-X-bp-tSbpw I\n-hn-t‚bpw lrZ-bm-\p-Xm]-Øn-t‚bpw Bƒcq-]-am-bn-cp∂ anbm≥ kmln_v

i‡\pw ]K-¤-\p-amb Hcp `c-Wm-[n-Imcn IqSn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. `mc-X-Øns‚ hSs° A‰-Øp≈

]©m-_ns‚ ]pX-\m-bn-cp∂ anbm≥ kmln-_n\v sXs° A‰Øv IpSn-sIm-≈-p∂ tIc-fhp-am-

bp≈ Bfl-_‘w \nkvXp-e-am-bn-cp-∂p. tIc-f-Ønse Hmtcm Pam-AØv ]h¿Ø-I\pw anbm≥

kmln-_p-ambn Hcm-fl-_‘w kq£n-®n-cp-∂p. Akm-am-\y-amb At±-l-Øns‚ Hm¿Ω-i‡n B

_‘-ßsf Ft∏mgpw kPo-h-am°n \ne-\n¿Øn. ]IrXn kvt\ln IqSn-bm-bn-cp∂ an-bm≥ kmln-

_ns‚ lrZbw tNtXm-lm-cn-bmb tIcfw Ih¿∂n-cp-∂p. Ah-km-\-ambn Ign™ G]n¬ 9\v

tImgn-t°ms´ A¬ Jp¿-B≥ FIvkn-_n-j≥ DZvLm-S\w sNøm≥ hcp-sa∂v ]d™ anbm≥

kmln_v Xs‚ ]Xv\n-bpsS AkpJw ImcWw ]cn-]mSn d±m-°p-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. A√m-lp-hns‚

hnfn B ]cn-ip≤ Pohn-X-Øn\v hncm-a-an-ń-cn-°p-I-bmWv. Znhy-Zu-Xy-ß-fp≈ Hcp ]cn-ip≤

PamAØns‚ P∑-tK-l-a-S-ßp∂ Hcp alm-cm-Py-Ønse kXy-P-am-A-Øns\ \bn® lZvdØv

kmln_v kmZm an¿km hknw AlvaZv kmln-_ns‚ ]mh-\-kva-c-W°v apºn¬ kXy-Zq-Xs‚ BZ-

cm-RvP-en-Iƒ A¿∏n-°p-∂p. B alm-flm-hn\v A√mlp P∂Øpw aKv^ndØpw \¬In A\p-K-ln-

°pam-dm-I-s´. (B-ao≥)

189


CCCCCcp-hn- m-K-Øn-s‚bpw enJn-X-

ß-fn¬ \n∂p a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xv, ta¬

hnj-b-Øn¬ hnhmZw \S-Øm-\p≈

ImcWw sau-ehn A_vZp-√mlv

kmln_v lZo-kp-Isf tIhew

\ncm-I-cn-°-s∏´ \ne-bn¬ Icp-Xp-I-

bpw, FSpØp ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]mepw

acym-Z-bn-√m-bva-bmbn Icp-X-s∏-Sm-

hp∂ hm°p-Iƒ lZo-kp-I-sf-∏‰n

]d-bp-Ibpw sNøp∂p F∂-Xm-Wv.

lZo-kp-Iƒ A]-Imcw Xnc-kvIm-cy-

ßfpw \n m-c-ßfpw BsW-¶n¬

Bcm-[-\-I-fp-sSbpw "^nJvlv akv-

Ae'Ifp-sSbpw (I¿Ω-imkvX

ßƒ) `qcn-`m-Khpw "_mXn¬' AY

hm Ab-Ym¿∞-ß-fmØocp-∂-XmWv

F∂ \ymb-hm-Z-amWv CXn-s∂-Xn-cn¬

sau-ehn apl-ΩZv lpssk≥ km

ln_v D∂-bn-°p-∂-Xv. Fs¥-∂m¬,

Jp¿-B-\nI I¬]-\-I-fpsS hni-Zo-

I-c-W-ßƒ lZo-kp-I-fn¬ \n∂m-Wv

\ap°v e`y-am-Ip-∂-Xv. "kp_ln's‚

^¿kv \a-kv°mcw c≠p "dI-

AØpw' "aKvcn_v' \a-kv°mcw aq∂p

dI-AØpw _m°n \a-kv°m-c-ßƒ

\∂mep dI-AØv hoXhpw BsW-

∂-Xn-tebv°v Jp¿-B-\n¬ \n∂p

F¥p sXfn-hmWv e`n-°pI? Cu

Bt£]w i‡n-a-Ømb coXn-bn¬

˛ F∂m-epw, AXn¬ Hcp sX‰v AS-

ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p≠v ˛ At±lw D∂-

bn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Cu Bt£-]-Øn∂p

AXp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂-bm-hWw, sau-

ehn A_vZp-√mlv kmln_v \ymb-

amb Hcp adp-]-Snbpw \¬In-bn-ń-√.

]kvXm-hm¿l-amb N∏-Sm-®n-Iƒ

BWv At±lw ]d-s™m-∏n-®-Xv.

AsX, ]kvXpX hna¿i-\-ß-fpsS

ê-am-bn, A_vZp-√mlv kmln-

_n\p Hcp ]pXnb \a-kvIm-c-apd

krjvSn-s®-Sp-t°-≠n-h∂p F∂-

XmWv HSp-hn¬ kw -hn-®-Xv. AXns‚

DZm-l-c-W-am-I-s´, Ckvemanse hn`n-

∂-I-£n-I-fn-sem-∂nepw ImW-s∏-Sm-

Ø-XmWv Xm \pw. At±lw "AØ-

lnøm'Øpw Xncp-\-_nbpsS taep≈

kzemØpw \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ sNm

√p∂ as‰√m "ZpB-Ifpw' FSpØp

\o°p-Ibpw AXn-\p-]-Icw Jp¿-B-

\nse Bb-Øp-Iƒ amXw aXn-

sb∂p sh°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. A]-

Imcw Xs∂ \a-kvIm-c-Øn¬ ]e

Xpw am‰n-a-dn-®p. AsX√mw ChnsS

hnh-cn-t°≠ Imcy-an-√. l÷v,

kImØv XpS-ßnb Imcy-ß-fnepw

]eXpw am‰n-bn- p-≠m-Imw. F∂m¬,

sa-u-ehn A_vZp-√mlv kmln_v

Icp-Xp-∂-Xp-t]mse lZo-kp-Iƒ

A]-Imcw \ncm-I-cn-°-s∏-tS-≠-

hbpw \n m-c-ßfpw BtWm? (a-B-

Z-√mlv!) Hcn-°-ep-a√!

hmkvX-h-sa-s¥-∂m¬, Cu

c≠p hn`m-K-ß-fn¬ Hcp hn`mKw

]iv\-Øns‚ AXy-K-Øn-em-sW-

¶n¬ at‰ hn`mKw ]Xy-K-Øn-em-Wv,

Xncp-\-_n-(k)bpsS lZo-kp-Iƒ

(a¿^qAv apØ-kn-e) Xnc-kvIm-cy-

ßfpw \n m-c-ßfpw Bbn Icp-X-

s∏-Sm-hp-∂-h-b-s√∂p sau-ehn apl-

ΩZv lpssk≥ kmln_v ]d-bp-

∂Xp kXy-am-sW-¶nepw At±lw

ÿm\- -ZX ]men-t°≠ \nb-a sØ

Ah-K-Wn-®p-sIm≠p lZo-kp-I-fpsS

ÿm\w hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs\ Xcw-Xm-

gvØp-amdv AXn-s\-°mƒ D]-cn-bmbn

Icp-Xp-Ibpw AXns\ \ntj-[n-

°m≥ Imc-Wam-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

CXp ssZhn-I-K-Ÿ-Øns‚ \ncm-I-

c-Whpw \n m-c-h¬°-c-Whpw Bbn-

cn-°p∂p F∂ Imcyw At±lw

Ku\n-°p-∂-tX-bn-√. lZo-kp-I-fnse

IY-Iƒ°v, Jp¿-B-\n¬ hnh-cn-°-

s∏´ IY-Iƒ°p-ta¬ F√m ]Im-c-

Ønepw D∂-X-ÿm-\w \¬Ip-∂p.

CXp hy‡-amb sX‰pw \oXn-X-Xz-

ßsf adn -I-S -°epw BIp-∂p.

A√mlp hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-\n¬ C]-

Imcw ]d-bp∂p:

""A√m-lp-hn∂pw Ahs‚ Bb-

Øp-Iƒ°pw ]pdsa GXp lZo-kn-

emWv \nßƒ hniz-kn-°pI?'' (45:7)

ChnsS lZokv F∂ ]Z-Øns‚

\ntj[w s]mXp-hmb ]tbm-P-\-

ambn ]d-bp-∂Xp hy‡-ambn a\- n-

em-°n-Ø-cp-∂-sX-s¥-∂m¬, Jp¿-

Alvse Jp¿-B≥ ]£-°m-c\pw Alvse lZokv ]£-°m-c-\p-amb c≠v aue-hn-am-cpsS

hnhmZw "lJ-a≥ AZ-e≥' Bb hmKvZØ ako-lv(-A) \n-cq-]Ww sNøp-∂p.

Jp¿-B≥ - -kp-∂Øv lZokv

lZvdØv an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv (A)lZvdØv an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv (A)lZvdØv an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv (A)lZvdØv an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv (A)lZvdØv an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv (A)

190


B∂p hn]-co-X-ambpw \nc-°m-Ø-

Xmbpw ImW-s∏-Sp-∂Xpw at‰-sX-

¶nepw Xc-Øn¬ s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp-Øm-

\m-hm-Ø-Xp-amb lZo-kp-Iƒ X≈n-

°-f-bWw F∂m-Wv. Cu lZo-kn¬

JWvUn-X-amb Hcp kqN\ F∂

\ne-bn¬ ]kvXpX Bb-Øns‚

hymJym-\-ambn Hcp ]h-N\w IqSn

AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ]kvXpX al-

\ob hN-\-Øn¬, Cu DΩ-Øn¬

Hcp Imew hcp-sa∂pw A°m-eØv

Cu DΩ-Øn¬s∏´ Nne Bfp-Iƒ

hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs\ ssIsh-Sn-™p,

Jp¿-B-\n¬ \¬I-s∏´ hnh-c-W-

ßƒ°v hncp-≤-am-bn- p-≈Xpw FXn-

cm-bn-´p -≈-Xp-amb lZo-kp-Isf

]n≥]‰n ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xm-sW ∂pw

BWv kqNn-∏n-°-s∏- n- p-≈-Xv. Npcp-

°-Øn¬, Cu Alvev¬lZokv

^n¿J ]iv\-Øns‚ AXy-K-Øn¬

BWv Nhnń \n¬°p-∂-Xv. Jp¿-B-

\nI km£y-Øn-\p-ta¬ lZo-kp-I-

fnse hnh -c -W-Øn\v Ah¿

]mapJyw I¬]n-°p-∂p. Ah¿

\oXn\njvT-ambpw ssZh- -b-tØm-Sp-

Iq-Snbpw BWv ]h¿Øn-°p-∂-sX-

¶n¬, lZo-kp-Isf Jp¿-B≥ hmIy-

ß-fp-ambn s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp-Øm≥

Ah¿°v Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬

Ah¿ ssZh-Øns‚ JWvUn-Xhpw

ZrV-hn-izm-k-hp-amb hN-\-ßsf

X≈-s∏-´-hbpw Dt]-£n-°-s∏-´-

hbpw Bbn IcpXpIbpw ssZhn-I-

K-Ÿ-Øn-s∂-Xn-cm-bp≈ hnh-c-W-ß-

f-S-ßnb lZo-kp-Isf Dt]-£n-°p-

Itbm AXns\ Jp¿-B-\p-ambn

s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp-ØpItbm sNøm≥

Xøm-dm-Im-Xn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Npcp-°-

Øn¬, CXmWv sau-ehn apl-ΩZv

lpssk≥ kzoI-cn® am¿§w.

CXn -s∂-Xn -cn¬ sau-ehn

A_vZp-√mlv kmln_v kzoI-cn-®-Xm-

I-s´, ]Xy-K-Øn-ep≈ hnizm-k-am-

Wv. XpS-°-Øn¬ Xs∂ lZo-kp-

Isf A∏Sn \ncm-I-cn-®p-I-f-™p.

lZo-kp-IfpsS \ntj[w Hcp ]Im-

c-Øn¬ hnip≤ Jp¿-B-s‚bpw

\ntj-[-am-Wv. A√mlp hnip-≤-Jp¿-

B-\n¬ ]d-bp∂p :

""]d-bp-I, \nßƒ A√m-lp-hns\

kvt\ln-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Fs∂

A\p-k-cn-°p-hn≥; A√mlp \nßsf

kvt\ln-°p-∂-XmWv'' (3:32).

A√m-lp-hn-t\m-Sp≈ kvt\lw

Xncp-\-_n-tbm-Sp≈ ]n≥Xp-S¿®-

bmbn _‘-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬

Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS I¿Ω-am-XrI At\z-

jn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xn-\p≈ Hcp am¿§-am-Wv,

lZo-kp-Iƒ. B lZo-kp-Isf Dt]-

£n-°p-∂-h≥ B A\p-k-cW am¿§-

sØbpw Dt]-£n-°p-∂p. kIe

lZo-kp-Ifpw tIhew kwi-b-ß-

fpsSbpw Dul-ß-fp-sSbpw tiJ-c-

amWv F∂p≈ sau-ehn A_vZp-

√mlv kmln-_ns‚ ]kvXm-h\

At±-l-Øns‚ Nn¥m-ssh-Ir-X-

Øns‚ ew amX-am-Wv. Cu Nn¥m-

K-Xn-bpsS ASn-thcv apl-±n-ko-ß-

fpsS sX‰m-bXpw A]q¿Æ-hp-amb

Xcw-Xn-cn-hm-Ip-∂p. CXp-aqew \nc-h-

[n-t]¿ h©n-X-cm-bn-´p-≠v. Ah¿

Xcw-Xn -cn -®Xp C]-Im-c -amWv:

\ΩpsS Iøn¬ D≈Xp H∂p Hcp

ssZhnI KŸw. as‰m∂p lZo-kpw.

lZokv ssZhn-I-K-Ÿ-Øn-s‚-ta¬

hn[n-I¿Øm-hm-Ip-∂p. lZo-kp-Iƒ

Hcp Jmkn-sb-t∏mse \oXn-]o-T-

Øn¬ D]-hn-jvS-am-bn-cn-°p∂p! Jp¿-

B≥ AXns‚ apºn¬ lZo-kp-I-

fpsS hn[n-Iƒ°v hg-ßnb \ne-bn¬

Hcp ]cmXn°mcs‚ ań¬ hn\-b-\-

a-\mbn \n¬°p∂p! C]-Im-c-ap≈

\ne-]m-Sn¬ F√mh¿°pw sX‰n-≤m-

cW D≠m-hp-I-Xs∂ sNøpw. lZo-

kp-Iƒ Xncp-\-_n-bpsS Nc-a-Øn\v

\qtdm \q‰-ºtXm sIm√-ßƒ°v

tijw Hcp-an®p Iqó-´p-≈-X-sX.

AXp a\p-jys‚ Itø-‰-Øn¬ \n∂p

ap‡-a-√. AXn-\p-]p-dsa, AXp

At\Iw FÆ-ß-fp-≈Xpw Dul-ß-

fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-ep-≈-Xp-am-Ip-

∂p. Ah-bn¬ Nne-Xm-Is´ ]mc-º-

cy-`-ZX Dd-∏p-h-cp-Øo-´p-≈-XpamWv

AXp-X-s∂-bm-Wv, Jp¿-B-∂p-ta¬

hn[n-I¿Øm-hm-bn- p-≈Xpw F∂p-h-

cp-tºmƒ C…mw-aXw apgp-h\pw

Dul-ß-fpsS Iqºmcw BsW∂p

]d-tb-≠n-h-cpw. Dul-ßƒ sIm

s≠¥p Imcyw? Dulw sIm≠p

amXw Ign-™p-Iq-Sp-∂-h¿ kXy-

Øns‚ D∂-X-ti-Wn-bn¬ \n∂p

\new-]-Xn-°p-am-dm-Ip-∂p. A√mlp

]d-bp∂p :

""shdpw Dulw kXy-Øn∂p

(l-IvJp¬ bJo≥) FXn-cn¬ H∂p-

a√'' (10:37).

Npcp-°-Øn¬, hnip≤ Jp¿-

B≥ C]-Imcw ssI hn-´p-t]m-bn.

AXp Jmkn-bn-√mØ ^XvhI-sf-

t∏mse sNøm≥ _m≤y-ÿ-amb

H∂-√m-Xm-bn-Øo¿∂p. \ncm-I-cn-°-s∏-

´Xpw ]n≥]pdw X≈-∏-´Xpw Bbn-

Øo¿∂p. F∂m¬, Jmkn-bm-bn-cn-

°p∂ lZo-kv, Dul-ß-fpsS tæ—

hpw hrØn-lo-\-hp-amb hkvXw, Hc-

e-¶m-c-sa-t∂mWw kq£n-°-s∏-Sp-

∂p. AXm-Is´ If-hns‚ Awi-

Øn¬ \n∂p-ap-‡-am-bn-cn-°p-∂n-√-Xm-

\pw. Fs¥-∂m¬, "k∂v' AY-hm,

Dulw NXn-bpsS òj-Wn-bn¬

\n∂p AXo-X-am-bn-cn-°p-∂n-√. Npcp-

°-Øn¬, Cu \ne-bn¬ Jp¿-B≥

\ΩpsS Iøn-en-√msXbpw lZokv

Bibw sIm≈m≥ Xc-s∏-Sm-sX

bpw Bbn-Øo¿∂p. c≠pw Iøn¬

\n∂p \jvS-s∏´ \ne-bn-em-bn. Cu

sX‰v A[nIw Bfp-I-sfbpw C]-

Imcw \mi-Øn-em-gvØn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

"kndm-Ø¬ apkvXJow' F¥m-

sW∂p hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xn-∂mWv Rm≥

Cu hnjbw Fgp-Xn-Øp-S-ßn-b-Xv.

apkvenw-I-fpsS Iøn¬ Ckveman-I-

amb am¿§-Z¿i-\-Øn-\p≈ aq∂p

Imcy-ß-fm-Wp-≈-Xv. 1.1.1.1.1. Jp¿-B≥ ico-

^v. AXp A√m-lp-hns‚ InXm-_m-

Wv. AXn-ep-]-cn-bmbn \ΩpsS Iøn¬

JWvUn-Xhpw ZrV-hn-izm-ky-hp-amb

as‰mcp hN-\hpw C√. AXp ssZh-

Øns‚ hN-\-am-Ip-∂p. AXp kwi-

b-Øn-s‚bpw Dul-ß-fp-sSbpw amen-\y-ß-fn¬ \n∂p ip≤-a-sX. 2.2.2.2.2. c≠m-a-tØ-Xv, kp∂-Øv. ChnsS \mwAlvse lZo-kp-Im-cpsS kmt¶-Xn-Im¿∞-Øn¬ \n∂p amdn-\n-∂p-sIm-

191


≠mWv kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXm-b-Xv,

Rßƒ lZo-kn-s\bpw kp∂-Øn-

s\bpw H∂m-bn-°m-Wp-∂n-√. AXm-

Wt√m BNm-c-ap-l-±n-ko-ß-fpsS

coXn. F∂m¬ \ΩpsS ]°¬

lZokv thsd X∂-bm-Wv, kp∂Øv

thsd-bpw. kp∂Øv F∂p-sh-®m¬

"Xhm-Xq¿' AYhm Ahn-—n-∂-]m-c-º-

cy-ap≈ Xncp-\-_n-bpsS amXr-I-mN-

cy. AXp XpS-°-Øn¬ Xs∂ Jp¿-

B-t\mSp H∏-Øn-s\m∏w shfn-s∏- n-

´p-≈-Xp-asX: AsX-t∏mgpw H∂n-®p-

Xs∂ D≠m-hp-Ibpw sNøpw. ]Im-

cm-¥tcW ]d-™m ¬, hnip≤ Jp¿-

B≥ A√m-lp-hns‚ hm°p-Ifpw

kp∂Øv dkq¬ Icow (k) Xncp-

ta-\n-bpsS Xncp-N-cy-bpw. BZn-bnte

A√m-lp-hns‚ kp∂Øv CXsX:

Aºn-bm-°-∑m¿, ]hm-N-I-∑m¿

A√m-lp-hns‚ hm°p-Iƒ temI-

Øns‚ k∑m¿§-Z¿i-\-Øn-\p-th≠n

sIm≠p-h-cp-Ibpw Xß-fpsS I¿Ω-

]-c-amb Ncy-I-fn-eqsS F∂p-sh-

®m¬ ]hr-Øn-]-c-am-bn, B t]m‡-

ß-fpsS hymJym-\-ßƒ \¬Ip-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p. ssZh-hm-Iy-ß-fpsS A¿

∞w a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn¬ P\-ßƒ

°v ktµ-l-an-√m-Xn-cn-°m≥ th≠n.

B ssZh-h-N-\-ß-f-\p-k-cn®p Ahn-

Sp∂p ]h¿Øn®p ImWn°p-∂-tXm-

sSm∏w a‰p-≈-hsc AX-\p-k-cn®v

]h¿Øn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

am¿§-Z¿i-\-Øn-\p≈ aq∂m-asØ

Imcyw lZokv BWv. lZokv F∂

Xp Rß-fpsS ]°¬, Xncp-\-_n-

bpsS Nc-a-Øn∂p H∂c \q‰m-≠p-

tijw hnhn[ \nth-Z-I¿ ap-tJ\

IYm-cq-]-Øn¬ Hcp-an-®p-Iq- -s∏´ AS-

bm-f-ß-fs-X.

Npcp-°-Øn¬, kp∂Øpw lZo

kpw XΩn-ep≈ hyXymkw kp∂Øv

Xncp-\_n (k) Xs‚ ssI°v \S-

∏m-°o- p-≈Xpw Ahn-—n-∂-amb ]mc-

º-cy-Øn-eqsS Xe-apd Xe-ap-d-bmbn

XpS¿∂p-h-∂n- p-≈-Xp-amb Xncp-N-cy-

bm-Ip-∂p. AXp ZrV-hn-izm-ky-X-

bn¬ Jp¿-Bs\ Ign-™m¬ c≠mw-

ÿm-\sØ ]Zhn-bn-ep-≈-XsX.

F]-Imcw Jp¿-Bs‚ ]Nm-c-W-Øn-

∂p-th≠n \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n (k) \nbp-

‡-\m-bn-cp-∂pthm AXp-t]m-se-

Xs∂ kp∂-Øns‚ ÿm]-\-Øn∂p

(C-Jm-a-Øv) th≠nbpw \nbp-‡-\m-

bn-cp-∂p. hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ZrV-hn-

izm-ky-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse apX-

hm-Xn¿ Bbn Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ kp∂

Øpw ZrV-hn-izm-ky-a-sX. Cu c≠p

tkh-\-ßfpw Xncp-\_n (k) ]q¿

Øo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw c≠pw Xs∂

X\nbv°v \n¿_-‘-am-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp. DZm-l-c-W-am-bn, \a-kv°m-

c-Øns‚ Iev]\ D≠m-b-t∏mƒ, Xncp-

ta\n (k) Cu Iev]-\sb Xs‚

Ncy-bn-eqsS Xpd-∂p-Im-Wn®p Ah

bv°v ]I-S-\-]-c-amb cq]w \¬In

shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Pvdv

\a-kvIm-c-Øn∂p CX "dI-AØv'

BsW∂pw aKvcn_n∂v CX dI-

AØv BsW∂pw hy‡-am-°n-°m-

Wn-®p. C]-Imcw Xs∂ l÷pw

sNbvXp ImWn-®p. ]ns∂ Xs‚

ssIsIm-≠p-Xs∂ Bbn-c-°-W-

°mb klm-_m-°sf B I¿Ω

ßfn¬ hym]r-X-cm-°n-s°m≠p B

A\p-h¿Ø-\-]-ÿm-\sØ i‡-

amb Xc-Øn¬ Dd-∏n-°p-Ibpw sN

bvXp.

Np-cp-°-Øn¬, CtX-hsc A\p-

I-cW cq]-Øn¬ km£o-I-cn-°-s∏-

Sp-Ibpw A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sN

bvXn-´p≈ ]hrØn am-Xr-I-bpsS

t]cmWv "kp∂Øv' F∂-Xv .

F∂m¬, lZokv Xncp-\-_n(-k)

Xs‚ apºn¬ h®p Fgp-Xn-®-X-√.

AXp kam-l-cn-°p∂Xn\v bmsXmcp

G¿∏mSpw Ahn-Sp∂p sNbvXn- p-an-√.

GXm\pw lZo-kp-Iƒ lZvdØv

A_q-_-°¿ (d) tiJ-cn-®n-cp-∂p.

F¶nepw ]n∂oSv `b-`-‡n-bp-ambn

_‘-s∏´ Btem-N-\-Iƒ ImcWw

Xs∂, AsX√mw Xm≥ t\cn´p tI -

X-√t√m F∂p ]d™p At±lw

IØn®p If-bp-I--bmWp-≠m-b-Xv.

F¥mWv bmYm¿∞yw F∂Xv

A√m-lp-hn∂p amX-a-dn-bmw. klm-

_m-°-fpsS B Ime-L´w Ign-™-

t∏mƒ Nne "X_-D-Øm-_nbo'ßfp

sS Nn¥m-K-Xnsb A√mlp B

lZokv Hcp-an-®p-Iq-´p-∂-Xn-te bv°v

Xncn-®p-hn-Sp-am-dm-°n. Aßs\ AXp

tiJ-cn-°-s∏- p. lZo-kp-Isf Hcp-an-

®p-Iq- n-b-h-cn¬ qcn-]-£hpw hfsc

`b- -‡n-bp-≈-hcpw kq£va-X-°mcpw

Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Xßƒ °p km[n-

°p-∂-Xns‚ ]c-am-h[n Ah¿ lZo-

kp-Isf kXym-k-Xy-hn-th-N\w sN

bvXp. Xß-fpsS ZrjvSn-bn¬ X¿°-

Øn-ep≈ lZo-kp-I-fn¬ \n∂p c£-

s∏-Sp-hm≥ Ah¿ BK-ln-®p. kwi-

bn-°-s∏-Sm-hp∂ Hcp \nth-Z-I-s‚bpw

lZo-kp-Iƒ kzoI-cn-®n-√. hf-sc-

tbsd Ah¿ A≤zm-\n-®p. Cu F√m

]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw Ime-tasd Ign-

™p-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-sb√mw

Dul-ß-fpsS ÿm-\Øv \ne-sIm-

≠p. Aß-s\-bm-sW-∂n-cn-°n-epw,

B F√m lZo-kp-Ifpw \n m-c-ß-

tfm, sIm≈-cp-Xm-Ø-htbm \njv]-

tbm-P-\-ßtfm I]-S-ßtfm BsW

∂v ]d-bp-∂Xp ISpØ A\o-Xn-bm-

bn-cn-°pw. adn-®p, B lZo-kp-Iƒ

tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn\v a‰p aX-ß-fn-

sem∂pw ImW-s∏- n- n-√mØ Xc-Øn-

ep≈ kq£vaX ImWn-°-s∏-Sp-I

bpw Kth-j-Whpw hnth-N-\hpw Ah-

ew-_n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. blq-

Zn-Iƒ°pw lZo-kp-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cp-

∂p. ako-ln-s∂-Xn-cn¬ \n∂Xpw

CtX blqZn I£n Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-

∂p. Ch-cmWv ]co-jn-Iƒ F∂

t]cn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. blq-Zn-I-

fmhs´, Cu apl-±n-ko-ßƒ sNbvX-

Xp-t]mse kq£vaX ]men-®p-sIm-

≠mWv B lZo-kp-Iƒ Hcp-an-®p-Iq-

ń-bn-cp-∂-sX∂p ÿm]n-°-s∏- n- n-√.

lZo-kp-Iƒ tiJ-cn-°-s∏-Sm-tØ-S-

tØmfw Imew P\-ßƒ \a-kvIm-c-

ß-fnse dI-A-Øp-I-fpsS FÆ-ß-

sf-∏‰n hnh-c-an-√m-Ø-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p-

sht∂m Ah¿°v AX-dn-™p-Iq-Sm-

bn-cp∂p Ft∂m Icp-Xp-∂Xp icn-

bm-bn-cn -°-bn-√. F¥p-sIm-s≠-

∂m¬, kp∂-Øns‚ cq]-Øn-ep≈

B A-\p-I-c-W-]m-c-ºcyw Ah-cn¬

192


ÿnc-s∏-´p-I-gn-™n-cp-∂p. Ckvem

ans‚ F√m AXn-c-S-bm-f-ß-fpw

CkvemanI\n¿∫‘-I¿Ω-ßfpw

Ah¿°v ]Tn-∏n-®p-sIm-Sp-°-s∏-ń-cp-

∂p. AXp-sIm≠p Gsd ImeØn-

\p-tijw kzcq-]n-°-s∏´ lZo-kp-I-

sfm∂pw temIØv C√msX t]msb

∂p h∂mepw Ckvemans‚ A ¬

]mT-ßƒ°v Hcp Ipg∏hpw D≠m-Ip-

am-bn-cp-∂n-√ F∂Xp Hcp kXyw

amXam-Wv. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬,

Jp¿-B\pw A\p-I-cW ]mc-º-cyhpw

B Bh-iy-ßƒ ]q¿Øn-bm-°n-bn- p-

≠m-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m-epw, lZo-kp-Iƒ

B ]Im-isØ h¿-≤-am-\-a-°n.

Aßs\ Ckvemw "\qdp≥ Aem

\qcn≥' (]-Im-i-Øn\p ta¬ ]-Im-

iw) Bbn-Øo¿∂p. lZo-kp-Iƒ

Jp¿-B-\n-s‚bpw kp∂-Øn-s‚bpw

km£n-I-sf-t∂mWw hnekn \n∂p.

Ckvem-an¬ ]n∂oSv cq]-sa-SpØ \nc-

h[n I£n-I-fn¬ kXym- n-ap-Jy-ap≈

I£n-Iƒ°v icn-bmb lZo-kp-Iƒ

sIm≠p Gsd ]tbm-P\w kn≤n-

°p-I-bp--≠m-bn. C-Xp-X-s∂-bmWv

Ckvemw aXw. A√m-sX, Jp¿-B-\p-

ta¬ lZo-kp-Iƒ°mWv ]mapJyw

F∂p C°m-esØ "Alv¬ lZo

kp'Imsc-t∏mse hnizmkw ]pe¿

Øp-I-b-√. Ah-cpsS IY-Iƒ Jp¿-

Bs‚ hnh-c-W-ßƒ°v FXn-cmbn

ImW-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ, lZo-kp-I-fnse

IY-Iƒ°v Jp¿-B\p D]-cn-bmb

ÿm\w Iev]n®psIm≠v Jp¿-

Bs\ Dt]-£n® \ne-bn¬ X≈n-

°--f-bm≥ ]mSp-≈-X-√. auehn

A_vZp-√mlv kmln_v NIvSm-e-hn-

bpsS hnizm-k-kn-≤m-¥-]-Im-cw,

lZo-kp-Isf \n m-c-ßfpw Ab-

Ym¿∞-ß-fp-am°n X≈p-Ibpw A√,

adn-®p, Jp¿-B-s\bpw kp∂-Øn-

s\bpw lZo-kp-I-fp-sS-ta¬ hn[n

I¿Øm-hm-bn- mWv Icp-tX-≠-Xv. Jp¿-

B∂pw kp∂-Øn∂pw FXn-c-√mØ

lZo-kp-Isf ]q¿Æ-ambpw kzoI-cn-

t°-≠-Xm-Wv. CXp-X-s∂-bmWv

"kndmsØ apkvX-Jow.' CXp ]n¥p-

S-cp-∂-h¿ A\p-Kr-lo-X-cm-bn-cn-°pw.

Cu -co-Xn-b-√m-sX, lZo-kp-Isf

\ntj-[n-°p∂ Hcmƒ Atßb‰w

\n¿`m-Ky-hm\pw Ahn-thInbpw BIp-

∂p.

GsX-¶nepw lZokv Jp¿-B

∂pw kp∂-Øn\pw FXncpw Ah

bv°v \nc-°m-ØXpw A√m-Ø-]£w

AXp FX Xs∂ Zp¿∫-e-amb

lZokv Bbmepw AX-\p-k-cn®p

]h¿Øn-®p-sIm-t≈-≠Xp \ΩpsS

Pam-A-Øn¬ Hcp IS-a-bm-bn-cn-t°-

≠-Xm-Wv. a\p-jy-\n¿-an-X-amb "^n

Jvlv' \nb-a-ß-fpsS ta¬ A-hbv°v

]mapJyw \¬I-s∏-S-Ww. lZo-kp-

I-fn¬ GsX-¶nepw hnjbw ImWp-

∂n-s√-¶n¬ "kp∂'Ønepw Jp¿-B-

\nepw e`y-am-Im-sX-h-cp∂]£w

Aß-s\-bp≈ L´-Øn¬ l\ô

^nJvlns\ A\p-h¿Øn-®p-sIm-t≈-

≠-Xm-Wv. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬, Cu

^n¿J-bn¬ A[n-Iw-t]cpw ssZth-

—-bn¬ BWv A[n-I-ambpw Bi

bpw tXSp-∂-Xp. -C-t∏m-gsØ Nne

am‰-ß-fpsS ê-ambn l\^n

^nJvln¬ icn-bmb Xvh Is≠-

Øm-Ø-]£w AØ cw Hc-h-ÿ-

bn¬ Deam C°mcyw ssZh-Z-Ø-amb

"CPvXn-lmZv' AY-hm, Kth-jW

hnNn-¥-\sØ Bi-bn-®p-sIm-t≈-

Ww. F∂m¬, Cu A_vZp√m

NIvSm-e-hn-sb-t∏mse AIm-c-W-am-

bn, lZokp X≈n-°-f-bp-I-X-s∂-th-

Ww. \ΩpsS Pam-A-Øn¬ A_vZp-

√-sb-°mƒ Alv¬ lZoknt\m-

SmWv Gsd ASp∏w F∂ Imcyw

\√-t]mse Hm¿Øp--sIm-t≈-≠-Xm-

Wv. A_vZp√m NIvSm-e-hn-bpsS

\nc¿∞-I-P-ev]-\-ß-fp-ambn \ap°v

bmsXmcp _‘-hp-an-√. \ΩpsS Pam-

A-Ønse Hmtcm AwK-hpw, lZo-kp-

I-sf-∏‰n A_vZp√m NIvSm-ehn

]pe¿Øp∂ AJo-Z-I-tfmSp lrZ-b-

]q¿∆-amb FXn¿∏p-≈-hcpw Akz-

ÿX Im´p-∂-hcpw Bbn-cn-t°-≠-

Xm-Wv. A-Ø-c-°m-cpsS kman]y

kº¿°-ß-fn¬ \n∂v Ah¿ Ign-bp-

∂Xpw AI-∂n-cn-t°-≠-Xp-am-Wv.

CXp a‰p iXp°sf At]-£n®p

A[nIw \in-®p-t]mb Hcp "^n¿J'

BIp-∂p. Ah¿ auehn apl-ΩZv

lpssks‚ I£n-bpsS amXncn

lZo-kns\ kw_-‘n-t®-S-tØmfw

AXy-K-h-i-tØbv°v Nm™p-I-f-b-

cp-Xv. A_vZp√m-bpsS amXncn ]Xyq-

-K-h-i-tØbv°v Ncn-™p-t]m-I-bp-a-

cp-Xv. t\sc-a-dn-®p, C°m-cy-Øn¬

a≤y-am¿§sØ Xß-fpsS aX-]m-X-

bmbn kzoI-cn-®p-sIm-≈-Ww. F∂p-

h-®m¬, Jp¿-B≥ \ncm-I-cn--°-s∏-Sp-

Itbm Dt]-£n-°-s∏-Sp-Itbm sN

øp∂ Xc-Øn¬ lZokp-Isf Xß

fpsS ]q¿Æ-amb Jn_vebpw IA-

_-bp-ambn kzoI-cn-°p-I-tbm, Xncp-

\-_n-bpsS lZo-kp-Isf \njv]-tbm-

P-\-ßfpw \n m-c-ß-fp-am-°n-Ø-≈p-

Itbm sNøm-Xn-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. A

]-Imcw Xs∂ Xncp-\-_n-bpsS

"JØsa \p_p∆'Øns\ \ncm-I-cn-

°p-I-tbm, Cu DΩ-Øn¬ ssZhn-I-

amb mj--W-Øn-s‚bpw A`n-ap-Jo-I-

c-W-Øn-s‚bpw hmXn-ep-Iƒ AS-

™p-t]m-sb-∂p-h-cp-Øp-amdv "JØ-ap-

∂p-_p∆'Øn∂p A¿∞w \¬Ip-

Itbm sNøp-I-bp-a-cp-Xv. \ΩpsS

Cuam≥ CXmWv: Ah-km-\sØ

shfn-]mSp KŸhpw Ah-km-\sØ

ico-AØpw Jp¿-B≥ BIp-∂p.

AXn-∂p-tijw "Jnbmaw' hsc

"kmlns_ icoAØv' (i-co-AØv

hmln) F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ AY-hm,

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n-bpsS ]n¥p-S¿®-bn-e-

√msX Znhy-sh-fn-]m-Sn∂p A¿l-\m-

bn-Øo-cp∂ Hcp \_nbpw hcp-I-bn-

√. Jnbm-aØv hsc Cu hmXn¬ AS-

™p-t]m-bn-cn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬, Xncp-

\-_n-tbm-Sp≈ A\p-k-c-Whpw ]n

¥p-S¿®bpw aqew Znhy-sh-fn-]m-Sns‚

A\p-Klw t\Sp-∂-Xn-∂p≈ hmXn¬

Jnbm-aØv hsc Xpd∂p Xs∂ InS

°pw!

˛ ]cn. F≥. F˛ ]cn. F≥. F˛ ]cn. F≥. F˛ ]cn. F≥. F˛ ]cn. F≥. F

193


HHHHHcp aXsØ hne-bn-cp-Øp-

tºmƒ AXns‚ ASn-ÿm-\m-≤ym-]-

\-ßƒ ]cn-tim-[n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. B

aX-Øns‚ ASn-ØdbnS-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ

AXns‚ ÿm]-I¿ ImWn® amXr-

Ibpw AlvaZn apkvenwI-fmb

Rßƒ Is≠-Øm≥ ian-°p-∂p.

c≠p-Im-cy-ßƒ ]cn-tim-[n-t°-≠-Xp-

s≠∂mWv AXns‚b¿∞w. AXm-

bXv, ]mam-WnIKŸ-Øns‚ ASn-

ÿm-\m-≤ym-]-\-ßfpw A-Xns‚

ÿm]-I-cpsS Ncybpw ]cn-tim-[n-

t°-≠-Xm-Wv. Cu Af-hp-tIm-ep-]-

tbm-Kn®v Ckvemans\ \mw hne-bn-

cp-Øp-tºmƒ apl-ΩZv \_n(-k)°v

shfn-]m-Smbn Cd-ßnb Ckvemans‚

ico-AØv KŸ-amb hnip≤ Jp¿-

Bs‚ A≤ym]-\-ßƒ \mw Is≠-

tØ-≠-Xp-≠v. a\p-jy≥ A\p-k-cn-°-

W-sa∂v k¿∆-i-‡-\mb ssZhw

Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂ B⁄Iƒ hnip

≤ Jp¿B-\n¬ hyXy-kvX-bn-S-ß-fn¬

AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ssZhw hne-

°nb Imcy-ßfpw hnip≤ Jp¿B≥

FSpØp ImWn-°p-∂p. hnip≤ Jp¿-

B≥ A\p-im-kn-°p-∂Xpw hne-°n-

b-Xp-amb F√m Imcy-ßfpw Ah-X-

cn-∏n-°m≥ ka-b-]-cn-anXn A\p-h-Zn-

°p-∂n-√. Rm≥ Xøm-dm-°nb Imcy-

ßƒ t]mepw Cu Npcp-ßnb ka-

sU∑m¿°v kntºm-knbwsU∑m¿°v kntºm-knbwsU∑m¿°v kntºm-knbwsU∑m¿°v kntºm-knbwsU∑m¿°v kntºm-knbw

AlvaZnøm apkvenw Pam-A-Øns‚ A©mw Jeo^ lZvdØvAlvaZnøm apkvenw Pam-A-Øns‚ A©mw Jeo^ lZvdØvAlvaZnøm apkvenw Pam-A-Øns‚ A©mw Jeo^ lZvdØvAlvaZnøm apkvenw Pam-A-Øns‚ A©mw Jeo^ lZvdØvAlvaZnøm apkvenw Pam-A-Øns‚ A©mw Jeo^ lZvdØv

an¿km akvdq¿ AlvaZv (A-ø-Z-lp...) 2005se Xs‚ HutZym-KnIan¿km akvdq¿ AlvaZv (A-ø-Z-lp...) 2005se Xs‚ HutZym-KnIan¿km akvdq¿ AlvaZv (A-ø-Z-lp...) 2005se Xs‚ HutZym-KnIan¿km akvdq¿ AlvaZv (A-ø-Z-lp...) 2005se Xs‚ HutZym-KnIan¿km akvdq¿ AlvaZv (A-ø-Z-lp...) 2005se Xs‚ HutZym-KnI

bqtdm∏v ]cy--S-\-th-f-bn¬ sU≥am¿°nse Hcp kntºm-kn-b-Øn¬bqtdm∏v ]cy--S-\-th-f-bn¬ sU≥am¿°nse Hcp kntºm-kn-b-Øn¬bqtdm∏v ]cy--S-\-th-f-bn¬ sU≥am¿°nse Hcp kntºm-kn-b-Øn¬bqtdm∏v ]cy--S-\-th-f-bn¬ sU≥am¿°nse Hcp kntºm-kn-b-Øn¬bqtdm∏v ]cy--S-\-th-f-bn¬ sU≥am¿°nse Hcp kntºm-kn-b-Øn¬

sNbvX ]kw-Kw.sNbvX ]kw-Kw.sNbvX ]kw-Kw.sNbvX ]kw-Kw.sNbvX ]kw-Kw.

b-Øn¬ ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°m≥ km≤y-a-

√. F¶nepw kw£n-]vX-amb coXn-

bn¬ Imcy-ßƒ kpKmly-am-°m≥

Rm≥ ian-°mw.

a\p-jy≥ Xs‚ Iev]-\-Iƒ

A\p-k-cn-°-W-sa∂v ssZhw B

⁄m-]n-°p-∂-tXm-sSm∏wXs∂ Ah-

sb-s¥m-s°-bm-sW∂v hni-Zo-I-cn-

°p-∂p-ap-≠v. Ch \nß-fpsS c≠p-

hn-[-Øn-ep≈ _m≤y-X-I-fpsS ]q¿

Øo-I-c-W-am-sW∂v k¿∆-i-‡-\mb

ssZhw ]d-bp-∂p. A\-¥-i‡n

am\pw F√m i‡n-I-fp-tSbpw Dd-hn-

S-hp-amb kPo--h-ssZ-hsØ Bcm-[n-

°p-Ibpw Ah-\p-ambn _‘w ÿm

]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm≠v kjvSm-

hn-t\mSv a\p-jy-\p≈ _m≤y-X-bmWv

H∂v. B ssZhw a\p-jys‚ ]m¿∞-

\-Iƒ°p-Øcw \¬Ip-Ibpw Ah

s‚ _p≤n-ap-´p-Iƒ \o°p-Ibpw

Ahs\ Xo‰n-t∏m-‰p-Ibpw ]cn-]m-en-

°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. B ssZhw a\p-

jy-t\mSv Atß-b‰w Zb ImWn-°p-

Ibpw HuZmcyw ImWn-°p-Ibpw a\p-

jys‚ G‰hpw sNdnb ]cn-i-a-Øn-

\p-t]mepw ]Xn- ew \¬Ip-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p. AXn-\m¬ Cu A\p-K-

l-ß-sf√mw \tΩm-Sm-h-iy-s∏-Sp-

∂Xv, \mw ssZhsØ am\n-°p-Ibpw

Ah-t\mSv IrX-⁄X ImWn-°p-

Ibpw Ahs‚ apºn¬ \an-°p-Ibpw

Ah-\p-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øp-

tºmƒ as‰√mw i‡n-I-tfbpw

A]-[m-\-ambn KWn-°pI-bpw sNø-

W-sa-∂m-Wv. AXp-sIm-≠mWv ssZ

hw Cßs\ A\p-im-kn-®-Xv.

kzbw apkvenwIsf∂p hnfn-

°p∂ P\-ta, Rm≥ \nßƒ°p

\¬Inb A\p-K-l-ßƒ kvacn-®p-

sIm≠v Fs∂ Bcm-[n-°pI amX-

a-√, Pohn-X-Øns‚ ]c-tam-t±iyw

GI-ssZ-hsØ Bcm-[n-°-em-sW∂v

temI-tØmSp ]d-bp∂Xpw IqSn

\nß-fpsS I¿Ø-hy-am-Ip-∂p.

c≠m-asØ ][m-\-s∏´ _m

≤yX AYhm k¿∆-i-‡-\mb

ssZhw a\p-jys\ krjvSn-®-Xns‚

Dt±iyw B ssZhn-Im-≤ym-]-\-ßƒ

\ap°v \¬In-bXv \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n(-

k)-bm-Wv ˛ a\p-jy¿°¿l-X-s∏´

Ah-Im-i-ßƒ Ah¿°v \¬Ip-I-sb-

∂-Xm-Wv.

a\p-jy-t\mSv Zbm-hm-bvt]msS

s]cp-am-dp-I, Ah-cpsS Zpcn-X-ßƒ

\o°p-I, D∂-X-amb aqey-ßƒ ssI

s°m-≈p-I, k¬°¿Ω-ßƒ sNøm

\pw Zpjv°¿Ω-ßƒ h¿÷n-°m\pw

a‰p-≈-hsc t]cn-∏n-°p-I, Zcn-Zsc

klm-bn-°p-I, hni-∂-h¿°v Blm

194


cw \¬Ip-I, `c-ta-ev]n-°-s∏´ Im-

cy-ßƒ kXy-k-‘-X-tbmsS \n¿∆-

ln-°p-I, P\-ßƒ t\cn-Sp∂ Zpcn-X-

ßƒ \o°p-hm≥ XymK-a-\p-jvTn-°p-

I, a‰p-≈-h¿°v s]mdp-Øp-sIm-Sp-°p-

I, kl\w ssIs°m-≈p-I, Hcm-fp-

am-bp≈ Icm-dp-Isf _lp-am-\n-°p-

I, ]c-kv]cw kl-I-cn-°p-I-, kwi-

b-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw hn´p-\n¬°p-I, a‰p-

≈-h-sc-°p-dn®v tami-amb \ne-bn¬

kwkm-cn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-I, k¬]-hr-

Øn-I-fn¬ anI-hp-Im- p-I, kXy-amb

km£yw ]d-bp-I, XpS-ßnbh amX-

a√ a\p-jy-tcm-Sp≈ _m≤y-X-I-fn¬

s]Sp-∂-Xv. a‰p-≈htcm-Sp≈ iXpX

ImcWw Ah-tcm-Sp≈ s]cp-am-‰-

Øn¬ \oXn-s°-Xn-cmb H∂pw D≠m-

hm≥ ]mSn√m F∂pIqSn k¿∆-

i-‡-\mb ssZhw A\p-im-kn-°p-

∂p. Ahsc D]-Z-hn-°m≥ hymP

sØ Bi-bn-°m≥ ]mSn√ F∂pw

ssZhw Iev]n-°p-∂p. Ckvemw \¬

Ip-∂ at\m-l-c-amb A≤ym-]\w

CXmWv.

CtXt]m-se-bp≈ \nch[n

A≤ym-]-\-ßƒ thsd-bp-ap≠v;

]t£ Rm≥ Nneh Xnc-s™-Sp-Øp-

sh∂p amXw. hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\nse

Nne A\p-im-k-\-Iƒ D≤-cn-°mw.

Ch Hcn-°epw tami-s∏´ A≤ym-]-

\-ß-f-s√∂v \nßƒ°v a\- n-em-hpw.

]t£, Nne Xoh-hm-Zn-Iƒ Xß-

fpsS \n£n-]vX-Xm-ev]-cy-ßƒ°-\p-

kr-X-ambn Ahbv°v hymJym-\-ßƒ

\¬In-bn-´p-≠v. apkvenw \√ Imcy-

ßƒ \n¿t±-in-°p-Ibpw NoØ Imcy-

ßƒ \ntcm-[n-°p-Ibpw sNø-W-

sa∂v k¿∆-i-‡-\mb A√mlp

B⁄m-]n-®n-cn°p-∂p. \nßƒ

Aßs\ sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬- A-Xn-

emWv \nß-fpsS alXzw ÿnXn

sNøp-∂Xv. A√mlp ]d-bp∂p: a\p-

jy-hw-i-Øns‚ \∑-bv°mbn Fgp-

t∂ev]n°s∏´ G‰hpw D¬Ir-jvS-

k-ap-Zm-b-amWv \nßƒ. \nßƒ \√

Imcy-ßƒ \n¿t±-in-°p-Ibpw NoØ

Imcy-ßƒ \ntcm-[n-°p-Ibpw A√m-

lp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

(hn.-Jp¿-B≥ 3:111)

hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]kvXm-hn-

°-s∏´ ]Imcw a\p-jy-Ip-e-Øns‚

\∑-bv°m-bmWv \nßƒ krjvSn-°-

s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Hcmƒ a\p-jy-Ip-e-

Øns‚ \∑-bv°mbn krjvSn-°-

s∏ń v Abm-fn¬ \n∂v Xn∑ amXw

hcn-Ibpw a\p-jy-hw-i-Øn∂v Zpcn-X-

a-\p-`-hn-t°≠n hcn-Ibpw Abm

sf°≠m¬ a‰p-≈-h¿ b∂v hnd-°p-

Ibpw sN-tø≠ Ah-ÿ-bp-≠m-h-cp-

Xv. a\p-jy-hw-i-Øns‚ \∑-bv°mbn

]h¿Øn-°m\pw Ahsc \∑-bn-

te°v am¿§-Z¿i\w sNøm-\p-amWv

k¿∆-i-‡-\mb ssZhw apkvenw

Isf ]Tn∏n®n- p-≈-Xv.

\nß-fpsS kjvSm-hmb ssZh-

Øn-¶-te°v Ahsc £Wn-°p-I.

Aßs\ Ah-t\m-Spw Ahs‚

krjvSn-I-tfm-Sp-ap≈ \nß-fpsS ISa

\nd-th-‰p-I. Hmtcm a\p-jy\pw ap

kvenan¬ \n∂v ]tbm-P\w t\S-Ww.

AIm-c-W-ambn ssZh-kr-jvSn-Isf

sIm√p-Ibpw Ah¿°v Zpcn-Xhpw

\jvShpw hcp-Øp-I-bpw Xn∑-bn¬

apgp-Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂-hsc apkvenw

Iƒ XS-™p-\n¿Ø-Ww. Cuhn-[-

Øn¬ Ah¿ Zpcn-X-a-\p-`-hn-°p-∂-

hsc klm-bn-°p-Ibpw Iqc\mb

hy‡nsb Xn∑-bn¬ \n∂v tamNn-∏n-

°p-Ibpw thWw. Cßs\ sNbv

Xm¬ amXta \nßƒ°v Hcp ssZh-

hn-izm-kn-bm-hm≥ km[y-amhq.

k¿∆-i-‡-\mb ssZhw apkv

enwIƒ°v \¬Inb ASn-ÿm-\-I-

ev]-\-I-fpsS cXv\-®p-cp°w CXm-Wv.

\mw Cu Iev]-\-Iƒ A\p-k-cn-°p-

I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXmWv Hcp apkven

ans‚ Ae¶mcw. Cu ssZh-I-ev]-\

aptJ\ apgp-h≥ a\p-jy-Ip-e-Øn-s‚

\∑-bp-sSbpw t£a-Øn-s‚bpw DØ-

c-hm-ZnØw apkvenan¬ c-ta-ev]n-®n-

cn-°-bm-Wv. ]t£, hmsf-Sp-°m\pw

_e-]-tbmKw aptJ\ P\-ßsf

\∂m-°m\pw A\p-hm-Z-an-√.

adn®v, ssZh-am¿§-Øn¬ \n∂pw

hyXn-N-en-®p-t]m-b-hsc k¿∆i-

‡\mb ssZh-Øn-te°v hgn \S-

Øm≥ apkvenwIƒ ]cn-i-an-°-Ww.

ssZhw ]d-bp∂p:

XØz-⁄m-\hpw kZp-]-tZ-i

hpw sIm≠v \ns‚ \mYs‚ am¿§-

Øn-te°v \o P\-ßsf £Wn-°pI.

G‰hpw D¬°r-jvS-amb coXn-bn¬

Ah-tcmSv kwhmZw \S-Øp-Ibpw

sNøp-I. (hn. Jp¿-B≥: 16:126)

Aß-s\, Bsc-¶nepw Xn∑-bn-

te¿s∏-´m¬ Xm≥ a\- n-em-°nb

Imcyw G‰hpw DØ-a-amb coXn-bn¬

Abmƒ°v hni-Zo-I-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-I.

D]-tZ-i-Is‚ Dt±iyw \√XmsW

¶n¬ Zpjn-®Xpw shdp-∏p-\n-d-™-Xp-

a-s√-¶n¬, A-ßs\bp≈ D]-tZiw

êw sNøpw. am¿§Z¿i\w \S-Øm

t\m D]-tZ-in-°mt\m _ew ]tbm-

Kn-°m-\p≈ A≤ym-]\w Fhns-S-bp-

an-√. cmjvS-ßƒ XΩn¬ bp≤w

s]mń-∏p-d-s∏-´m¬ a‰p cmjvS-ßƒ

H∂n-°p-Ibpw tkz—m-[n-Im-cnbpw

Iqc-\p-amb cmjvS-Øn-s\-Xnsc ]

h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-hm≥ \n¿t±-

in-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. B cmjvSw Iqc-

X-bn¬ \n∂v hnc-an-®m-ep-S≥ BI-

aWw \n¿Øp-Ibpw th Ww. hntZz-

jtam ]Itbm \nanØw B cm

jvSsØ Xpc-Ø-W-sa∂v Fhn-

sSbpw ]d-bp-∂n-√. Hcp Kq∏n-s‚

tbm Kh¨sa‚n-s‚tbm i‡n

\in-∏n-°m≥ B cmjvS-Ønse P\-

ßsf hnth-N\-an√msX \in-∏n-°-

W-sa∂pw Fhn-sSbpw ]d-bp-∂n-√.

AtX-t]m-se, GsX-¶nepw BfpsS

hy‡n-]-c-amb Ah-Im-i-ßƒ t\Sn-

sb-Sp-°m≥ P\-ßsf hnth-N\-an-

√msX h[n-°m≥ Bcpw A[n-Im-c-

s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏- n- n-√. AXp-sIm-≠mWv

hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ Cßs\ ]Tn-∏n-

°p-∂-Xv.

Bsc-¶nepw as‰m-cmsf h[n-°p-

Itbm \mń¬ Ipg-∏-ap-≠m-°p-Itbm

sNømØ-\n-e-bn¬ (\n-c-]-cm-[n-bm-b)

Hcmsf h[n-®m¬ Abmƒ a\p-jysc

apgp-h≥ h[n-®-Xp-t]m-se-bm-Ip-∂p.

(hn. Jp¿-B≥ 5:33)

195


AXn-\m¬, temIØv kam-

[m\w \ne-\n¿Øm≥ Ckvemw

\ap°v \¬Inb hnip≤m[ym-]-\-an-

Xm-Wv. AXm-b-Xv, AIm-c-W-ambn

Hcp hy‡nsb h[n-®m¬ apgp-h≥

a\p-jy-Ip-e-tØbpw h[n-®-Xp-t]m-

se-bm-Wv. Hcp hy‡nt°m Kq∏n

t\m \nbaw Iøn-se-Sp-°m\pw hn[zw-

k-I-]-hr-Øn-bn-te¿s∏-Sm\pw Hc-h-

Im-i-hp-an-√. a\p-jy-Po-h\v I\Ø

\mi-ap-≠m-°p-amdv cmjvS-ßƒ

BIm-i-Øp-\n∂pw sj√p-Iƒ h¿jn-

°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ah-cpsS ]

hrØnbpw apgp-h≥ a\p-jy-hw-i-

sØbpw h[n-°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bm-Wv.

hyk-\-I-c-sa∂p ]d-b-s´, CØcw

]hr-Øn-Iƒ B[p-\n-I-tem-IØv

k¿∆-km-[m-c-W-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ]uc-

kvXytcm ]m›m-Xytcm apkventam

InkvXym -\ntbm F√mw-Xs∂

CXn¬ mK- m-°m-bn-cn-°p-∂p. uXn-

I-tem--Im-k‡n Ahsc A‘-cm-°n-

bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠mWv Cßs\

kw`-hn-°p-∂Xv. Ah¿ ssZhsØ

hnkva-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Al-¥bpw

Al-¶m-chpw hntZz-j-hp-amWv Ah-

cpsS lrZ-b-ßsf \nb-¥n-°p-∂-Xv.

ktµ-lhpw Ahn-izm-khpw hf¿∂n-

cn-°p-∂p. kvt\lhpw Ahn-izm-

khpw Imc-W-am-bmWv temIØv

AkwJyw iWvTbpw bp≤hpw DS-

se-Sp-°p∂-Xv. Ch-bn¬ \n∂pw hn´p-

\n¬°m≥ Ckvemw \sΩ ]Tn-∏n-

°p∂p. Imc-Ww, iWvT-bn-te°pw

X¿°-ß-fn-te°pw \sΩ \bn-°p∂

ktµ-l-ßƒ Hcmsf ]m]n-bm-°p-

∂p. C∂sØ temI-Øn-te-s°m∂p

ZrjvSn ]mbn-°p-I. an° X¿°-ß-

fpsSbpw thcv ktµ-l-ß-fm-bn-cn-

°pw. ]m›m-Xy-tem-IsØ Nne

t\Xm-°-fn¬ apkvenwIƒ hnizm-k-

a¿∏n-°p-∂n-√. a‰p-≈-h¿°v \jvS

Øn\pw tZml-Øn\pw Imc-W-am-

hp∂ H∂nepw alm-`q -cn -]£w

apkvenwIfpw `mK-`m-°m-hp-∂n-s√-

¶nepw GXm\pw Indp-°∑m-cpsS

As√-¶n¬ Hcp hy‡n-bpsS ZpjvSX

apkvenwIsf samØ-Øn¬ _m[n-

°p-∂p. F∂m¬, Hcp kw -h-Øn-\p-

tijw ]m›m-Xy-cm-jvS-ßƒ apkv

enwI-sf-bm-I-am\w AXns‚ t]cn¬

Ip‰-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. At∏mƒ, CXp-

ambn Hcp _‘-hp-an-√mØ Hcp km

[m-cW apkvenw kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw

]m›m-Xy-sc-°p-dn®v tami-ambn ]Xn-

I-cn -°p-∂p. AtX-t]m-se, Hcp

apkvenw cmjvS-tØmSv ImWn-°p∂

Iqc-X-sbbpw òj-Wn-sbbpw \ym

bo-I-cn-°m≥ ]m›m-Xy-cm-jvS-ßƒ

CØcw kw`-hsØ ASn-ÿm-\-am-

°p-tºmƒ, Ckvemans‚ ASn-ÿm-

\m-≤ym-]-\-ß-fp-ambn H´pw _‘-an-

√mØ Nne apkvenw Kq∏p-Iƒ

Bfl-lXym kvIzmUp-I-fn¬ tNcp-

Ibpw \nc-]-cm-[n-I-fpsS Poh-s\-Sp-

°p-Ibpw sN-øp-∂p. Cu ktµ-l-

ß-f-I‰n ]c-kv]cw kl-Po-hn--I-fm-

sW∂ Xncn-®-dn-hp-≠m-°p-Ibpw Zu¿

e-`y-Øn-s‚bpw Zmcn-Zy-Øn-s‚bpw

Ak-aXzw \o°p-Ibpw Hcp-an-®n-cp∂v

N¿®-sN-øp-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ Cu

Ahn-izmkw \o°m\pw kam-[m\w

]p\x-ÿm-]n-°m\pw Ign-bpw.

CXmWv \ymbhpw \oXnbpw

\tΩm-Sm-h-iy-s∏-Sp-∂Xpw. CXm Wv

Ckvemans‚ A≤ym-]\w. apkvenw-

I-fm-bn-cn-°-Ww CXns‚ DØa

amXr-I-Iƒ. Fs¥-∂m¬ a\p-jy-Ip-

e-Øns‚ A¥ v ]p\x-ÿm-]n-°m-

\p≈ ]h¿Ø-\-ß-fm-Wv DØ-a-k-

ap-Zm-b-am-sW-∂-Xns‚ AS-bm-fw.

k¿∆-i-‡\mb ssZh-Øns‚

A\p-K-l-Øm¬ Cu ktµiw

temIw apgp-h≥ FØn-°m≥ Alv

aZnøm apkvenw Pam-AØv ]cn-i-an-

®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°-bm-Wv. Ah¿ temI-

Øns‚ F√m tImWp-I-fnepw kvt\

l-Øn-s‚bpw a\p-jy-hw-i-tØm-Sp≈

BZ-c-hn-t‚bpw kam-[m-\-Ønt‚bpw

apZm-hmIyw Db¿Øp-I-bm-Wv. a\p-

jy-tcm-Sp≈ Zb-bp-tSbpw kvt\l-

Ønt‚bpw kl-Xm-]-Øn-t‚bpw

Cu hnIm-c-Øns‚ t]cn¬ temI-

Ønse Zcn-Z-cm-jvS-ß-fnse P\-

ßƒ°v Rßƒ tk-h\w sNøp-∂p.

A[n-I-sam∂pw [\-ti-jn-bn-s√-

¶nepw a\p -jy -Ip -e -tØm-Sp≈

kvt\lw Imc-W-w Ah¿°v Rßƒ

`£-Whpw sh≈hpw hnZym-`ym-k-

ku-I-cy-ßfpw \¬Im≥ ]cn-i-an-°p-

∂p. `£y-h-kvXp-°ƒ ]mgm-°m-

sXbpw Zcn-Z-cm-jvSß-sf ASn-a-Ø-

®-ß-e-bn¬ _‘n∏n-°m-\p≈ ]≤-

Xn-Iƒ Bkq-XWw sNøm-sXbpw

Zcn-Z-cm-jvS-ß-fn-se, ]tXy-In®v

B^n-°≥ cmPy-ß-fnse P\-

ßƒ°v `£-Whpw hnZym-`ymk

kuI-cy-ßfpw \¬In Ahsc \√

]uc-∑m-cmbn hf¿∂p-h-cm≥ kº-∂-

cm-jvS-ßƒ i≤n-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬

Ahn-izm-khpw Ia-cm-lnXyhpw

temI-Øp-\n∂pw Xntcm-[m\w sNøp-

am-bn-cp-∂p. ]cn-jvI-c-W-Øns‚

G‰hpw A\p-tbm-Py-amb coXn-bm-

WnXv.

AlvaZnøm Pam-A-Øns‚

ÿm]-I¿ F¥mWv Rßƒ°v ]Tn-

∏n-®p-X-∂-sX∂pw Rß-fn¬ \n∂v

At±lw F¥mWv ]Xo-£n-®n-cp-∂-

sX∂pw \nß-tfmSv ]d-bm≥ Rm≥

BK-ln-°p-∂p. Rßƒ hmKvZØ

akolpw alvZn-bp-ambn AwKo-I-cn-

°p-∂, \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n(-k)-bpsS ]h-

N-\-ß-f-\p-k-cn®v BK-X-cmb Alv

aZnøm Pam-A-Øns‚ ÿm]-I¿

at\m-l-c-amb B am¿§-Z¿i-\-a-\p-k-

cn®v ]h¿Øn-°m≥ Rß-tfm-S-\p-

im-kn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. At±lw ]d™p:

Rm\p-ambn _‘n-∏n-°m≥ \nßƒ

BKln-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬, Fs‚ Pam-

A-Øn¬ tNcm≥ \nßƒ BK-ln-

°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ \nßƒ kzbw Xs∂

Iqc-X-bn¬ \n∂pw \nb-a-ew-L-\-

Øn¬ \n∂pw ]cn-ip-≤-cm-h-Ww.

Xs‚ BK-a-\-tØmsS _ew ]tbm-

Kn-®p≈ PolmZv Ah-km-\n-®n-cn-°p-

∂p F∂-t±lw Rßsf ]Tn-∏n-®p.

\_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n(-k) PnlmsZ AIv

_¿ \n¿∆-ln-®-]-Imcw \nßfpw Po-

lmZv sNøp-I. B Pn-lmZv A√m-

lp-hn-te°v am¿§-Z¿i\w \S-Ø-epw

kmXzn-I-X-bn-te°v hcm≥ P\-ßsf

D]-tZ-in-°p-Ibpw kzbw Bfl-kw-

kvI-cWw \SØn a\p-jy-Ip-e-Øn\v

196


tkh\w sNø-ep-am-Wv. At±-l-Øn

s‚ A≤ym-]-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂v Nne

`mK-ß-fn-Xm:

hmKvZØ akolv (A) \n¿t±-

in-°p∂p: Xn∑-bn¬ \n∂pw amdn-

\n¬°m≥ Rm≥ \nßsf D]-tZ-in-

°p-∂p. a\p-jy-Ip-e-tØmSv kl-Xm-

]-tØmSpw \oXn-tbmSpw s]cp-am-dp-

I. \nß-fpsS lrZ-b-ßsf hntZz-j-

Øn¬ \n∂pw ]I-bn¬ \n∂pw ip≤-

am-°p-I. At∏mƒ \nßƒ ae-°p-I-

fmbnØocpw. a\p-jy-Ip-e-tØmSv

kl-Xm-]-an-√mØ aXw FX-amXw

Aip-≤-am-Wv! ]I-bpsS ap≈p-Iƒ

hnX-d-s∏´ hgn FX-amXw Ahn-ip-

≤-am-Wv. AXn-\m¬ Ft∂m-sSm-∏-

ap≈htc, aXw F∂-Xns‚ A¿∞w

F¥mWv F∂v A¤p-X-s∏-Sp-∂-h-

sc-t∏mse \nßƒ Bh-cp-Xv. \nß-

fpsS kz`mhw Ft∏mgpw a\p-jy-Ip-

esØ tZmln-°p-∂-hn-[-Øn--ep-≈-

XmtWm? A√; ssZ-h-Øns‚ ]°-

ep≈ Poh≥ t\S-emWv aXw F∂-

Xns‚ A¿∞w. ssZhn-I-amb \∑-

Iƒ Hcm-fn¬ Xpf-™p-I-b-dn-b-√msX

Hcmƒ AØcw PohnXw t\Sp-∂n-√,

t\Sp-I-bp-an-√. ssZh-Øn-\p-th≠n

F√m-h-tcmSpw kl-Xm]w ImWn-

°p-I.- A-t∏mƒ ssZhw \nß-tfmSv

I\n-bpw. hcq; Rm≥ \nßƒ°v Hcp

shfn®w ImWn-®p-X-cmw. B shfn

®w as‰√m shfn-®-tØ-°mfpw anI-

hp-‰-Xm-bn-cn-°pw. \nßƒ ]Ibpw

Akq-bbpw Dt]-£n-°p-Ibpw a\p-

jy-hw-i-tØmSv kl-Xm]w ImWn-

°pIbpw sNøpI F∂-Xm-W-Xv.

(Cw-•ojv Kh¨sa‚pw PnlmZpw,

dplm-\o -J-km-bn≥ hmeyw 17

t]Pv 14)

]ns∂, hmKvZØ akolv (A)

A\p-im-kn-°p∂p: a\p-jy-Ip-e-tØm-

Sp≈ kl-Xm-]-am-bn-cn-°Ww \nß-

fpsS am¿§-Z¿i-I- XXzw F∂Xv

A`n-Im-ay-am-Wv. \nß-fpsS ssII-

fpw, \mhpw lrZ-b-hn-Im-c-ßfpw

F√m Zpjn® ]≤-Xn-Ifpw \nb-a-ew-

L\ am¿§-ßfpw hnizm-k-ew-L\

hpw h¿÷n-°-Ww. lrZ-b-]-cn-ip-≤n-

tbm-Sp-IqSn A√m-lp-hns\ `b-s∏-

SpI-bpw Ahs\ Bcm-[n-°pI-Ibpw

thWw. Iqc-X, AXn-I-aw, A]-l-

c-Ww, ssI°q-en, NXn, kzP-\-]-£-

]mXw F∂n-h-bn¬ \ns∂ √mw Zqc-

s∏-´p-\n¬°p-I, ZpjvS kwk¿§w

Hgn-hm-°p-I, Zp¿t∂m- -Øn¬\n∂pw

IÆp-Isf kwc-£n-°p-I, A]hmZ-

ßƒ tIƒ°m-Xn-cn-°p-I. FsX-

¶nepw aX-Ønt\m cmjvS-Ønt\m

tKmX-Ønt\m a\p-jyt\m tZmjw

hcp-Øp-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v Nn¥n-°pI

t]mepw sNø-cp-Xv. F√m-h¿°pw

kZp-]-tZiw \¬Ip-I. \nb-a-ew-L-

I-tcm-Spw ZpjvS-∑m--tcm-Spw Zpkz- m-hn-

I-tfmSpw Iq´p-Iq-SmXn-cn-°p-∂Xv

\∂v. ]m]-Øn¬ \n∂pw AI∂p

\n¬°p-Ibpw \∑ sNøm≥ ian-°p

I-bpw sNøp-I. \nß-fpsS lrZbw

NXn-bn¬ \n∂pw hnap-‡-am-bn-cn-°-

Ww. Iqc-X-bn¬ \n∂pw ssIIƒ

ip≤-am-bn-cn-°-Ww. IÆp-Iƒ F√m

amen-\y-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw ip≤-am-bn-cn-

°-Ww. \nb-a-ew-L-\-Øns‚tbm

Xn∑-bp-sStbm hnNmcw a\- n¬

Xmtem-en-°-cpXv (Iiv^p¬ JmX,

dplm\o Jkm-bn≥ hmeyw 14 t]Pv

187).

Ckvemans‚ BI- m-chpw

AlvaZnøm Pam-AØv am¿§-Z¿i-\-

ambn ap∂-Wn-bn¬ sh°p∂ at\m-

l-c-amb A≤ym-]-\-ßfpw CXm-Wv.

AlvaZnøm Pam-AØv temIw apgp-

h≥ ]N-cn-∏n-°m≥ ian-°p∂

A≤ym-]\w CXm-Wv. AXp-hgn

temIw AXns‚ kjvSmhns\ Xncn-

®-dn-bp-Ibpw ]c-kv]-c-ap≈ Ah-Im-

i-ßƒ ]q¿Øn-bm-°p-Ibpw Aß

s\ temIØv kam-[m-\-Øn-s‚bpw

kvt\l-Øn-s‚bpw Hc-¥-co£w

krjvSn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNø-s´.

(The Review of Religions, January 2006)(The Review of Religions, January 2006)(The Review of Religions, January 2006)(The Review of Religions, January 2006)(The Review of Religions, January 2006)

hnh¿Ø\w : sI.-hn. l ≥tIm-b,hnh¿Ø\w : sI.-hn. l ≥tIm-b,hnh¿Ø\w : sI.-hn. l ≥tIm-b,hnh¿Ø\w : sI.-hn. l ≥tIm-b,hnh¿Ø\w : sI.-hn. l ≥tIm-b,

tImgn-t°mSvtImgn-t°mSvtImgn-t°mSvtImgn-t°mSvtImgn-t°mSv

Xn∑ \nd-™ Ime-L´wXn∑ \nd-™ Ime-L´wXn∑ \nd-™ Ime-L´wXn∑ \nd-™ Ime-L´wXn∑ \nd-™ Ime-L´wlZvdØv AlvaZv (-A)lZvdØv AlvaZv (-A)lZvdØv AlvaZv (-A)lZvdØv AlvaZv (-A)lZvdØv AlvaZv (-A)

\mw Pohn-°p∂ Cu Ime-L-´w. ako-ln-_v\p-a-dn-b-ans‚

ImesØ PqX-∑m-cn¬ ]N-cn-®n-cp∂ F√m-Xcw Xn∑-Ifpw AXns‚

]q¿Æ-cq-]-Øn¬ ]I-S-am-bn- p-≈-Xn-\m¬ AXn-t\mSv XnI®pw kmZr-

iy-ap≈ Hcp Ime-L- -am-Ip-∂p. BNm-c-am-X-amb _mly-]-I-S-\-ß-

fpw, bmYm¿∞y-Øn¬\n∂p≈ AI-∂p-\n¬∏pw, Bflo-b-XbpsS

A`m-h-hpw, kXy-k-‘-Xbpw hniz-kvX-Xbpw \jvS-s∏´ \ne-bpw,

B¿÷-hhpw kz`m-h-ss\¿a-eyhpw A]-Xy-£-amb Ah-ÿbpw,

AXym¿Øn, ]nip-°v, euIn-I-em-ek XpS-ßn-bh Fßpw \nd-™p-

\n¬°p∂ ÿnXn-hn-ti-jhpw ako-lns‚ ImesØ blq-Zn-I-fn-se-

∂-t]mse C∂p k¿∆X \S-am-Sp-I-bm-Wv. bYm¿∞-amb \∑-sb-

s¥-∂-dn-bmsX _mly-am-X-amb BNm-c-k-º-Zm-b-ßsf tIh-e-\-

∑-I-fmbn IcpXn Ah-bv°-Sn-s∏´p Ign-™n-cp-∂-Xp-t]m-se, Bflm¿∞-

Xbpw B¿÷hpw B¥-c-hn-ip-≤nbpw \oXn-\n-jvTbpw Ah-bpsS AS-

bm-fw-t]mepw ImW-s∏-Sm-Ø-hÆw Ah-cn¬ A]-Xy-£-ambn `hn-

°p-Ibpw A\p-I-ºbpw Zbm-hmbv]pw IWn-Im-◊m-\n-√m-Xn-cn-°bpw

GI-ssZ-hm-cm-[-\-bpsS ÿm\Øv krjvSn-]qP sImSn-Ip-Øn-hm-gp-

Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂-Xp-t]mse C°m-eØv Cu F√m hn]-Øp-Ifpw

h∂p-s]- n-cn°pIbm-Wv..... C]-Imcw blq-Zn-b-Øns‚ kI-e-kz- m-

h-ßfpw k¿∆X ]I-S-ambn ImWp-∂p. (^Xvsl Ckvemw)(^Xvsl Ckvemw)(^Xvsl Ckvemw)(^Xvsl Ckvemw)(^Xvsl Ckvemw)

197


hmhmhmhmhmKvZØ ako-lns‚ ]uX

\pw AlvaZnøm apkvenw Pam-AØv

`mc-X-Øns‚ \mkn¿ AAvembp-amb

lZvdØv an¿km hknw AlvaZv kmln-

_ns‚ hntbmKw AlvaZn-I-fpsS lrZ-

b-Øn¬ Hcp iq\yX krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-

I-bm-Wv. A√mlp B \jvSw thKw

\nI-Øn-Ø-c-s´. hm¿≤-Iy-k-l-P-amb

Ah-i-X-Iƒ At±-l-Øn-\ps≠-¶nepw

Ft∏mgpw ]k-∂-h-Z-\-\mbpw Npdp-Np-

dp-t°msSbpw ImW-s∏´ anbm≥ km

ln_v Hcn-°epw tcmKm-Xp-c-\m-bn-cp-∂n-

√. G]n¬ 9\v Bcw-`-n® tImgn-

t°ms´ A¬-˛-Jp¿-B≥ FIvkn-_n-

j≥ DZvLmS\w sNøm≥ hcp-sa∂

]Xo-£-bn¬ Rßƒ At±-lsØ

ImØn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw ]Xv\n-bpsS

tcmKm-hÿ ImcWw sslZ-cm-_m-Zn¬ \n∂pw At±lw JmZn-bm-\n-te°v

aS-ßp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ]n∂oSv At±lw AXymk∂ \ne-bn¬ Aar-’-dn¬

NnIn-’-bn-em-sW∂ hnh-c-amWv tI -Xv. XpS¿∂v G]n¬ 29\v ac-W-hpw.

AlvaZnøm Pam-A-Øns‚ kw`-h-_-lp-e-amb Hcp Ime-L-´-Øn\v

km£yw hln® A\p-`-h-k-º-∂-\mb Hcp hy‡n-bm-bn-cp∂p anbm≥

kmln_v. hn -P-\m-hk-c-Øn¬ Jeo- -Øp¬ akolv c≠ma\v ]mIn-kvXm-

\n-te°v t]mtI≠n h∂-t∏mƒ kz`m-hn-I-ambpw PamAØns‚ Bÿm

\hpw Atßm-t´°v am‰-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≠m-bn. hmKvZØ ako-lns‚ P∑-tK-l-

amb JmZn-bm≥ Xpey-X-bn-√mØ al-Ømb Hcp Poh¬Xym-K-Øns‚ e-

am-bn- mWv Pam-A-Øn\v e`n-®-Xv. Jeo- -Øq¬ ako-lns‚ ]tXyI \n¿t±-

i-]-Imcw lZvdØv anbm≥ kmln-_ns\ JmZn-bm-\n-te-°-b-°p-I-bm-Wp-

≠m-b-Xv. A∂v At±lw tIhew 20 hb- p≈ Hcp bphm-hm-bn-cp-∂p. h¿§ob

Iem-]w-sIm≠v sIme-°-f-ambn amdnb AXn¿Øn ]tZ-i-Øm-bn-cp∂p JmZn-

bm≥. AhnsS Pam-A-Øns‚ ]pWy-ÿ-e-ßfpw Bÿm-\hpw kwc-£n®v

C¥y-bn¬ Pam-A-Øp-Iƒ sIń-∏-Sp-°pI F∂ AXy¥w ia-I-c-amb tPmen-

bmWv anbm≥ kmln_v Gs‰-Sp-Ø-Xv. At±lw JmZn-bm-\n¬ hcp-tºmƒ

auehn A_vZp-dlvam≥ kmln-_m-bn-cp∂p JmZn-bm≥ Aao¿. JmZn-bm≥

kwc-£-Wm¿∞w AhnsS Poh≥ XrW-h¬K-Wn®v \n∂n-cp∂ AlvaZn-

Iƒ JmZn-bms‚ ]p\¿\n¿ Ωm-W-]-In-b-I-fn¬ kPo-h-ambn ]s¶-Sp-Øp.

aX-ku-lm¿±-Øn-t‚ bpw ]c-kv]-c-_-lp-am-\-Øn-t‚bpw IÆn-Iƒ Gsd

]nb-¶-c-\m]nb-¶-c-\m]nb-¶-c-\m]nb-¶-c-\m]nb-¶-c-\mb lZvdØv ab lZvdØv ab lZvdØv ab lZvdØv ab lZvdØv anbm≥ kmln_vnbm≥ kmln_vnbm≥ kmln_vnbm≥ kmln_vnbm≥ kmln_vFw.-F. apl-ΩZvFw.-F. apl-ΩZvFw.-F. apl-ΩZvFw.-F. apl-ΩZvFw.-F. apl-ΩZv

(A-ao¿, tImgn-t°mSv, ]n‚¿ B‚(A-ao¿, tImgn-t°mSv, ]n‚¿ B‚(A-ao¿, tImgn-t°mSv, ]n‚¿ B‚(A-ao¿, tImgn-t°mSv, ]n‚¿ B‚(A-ao¿, tImgn-t°mSv, ]n‚¿ B‚ v ]ªn-j¿, kXy-Zq-X≥)v ]ªn-j¿, kXy-Zq-X≥)v ]ªn-j¿, kXy-Zq-X≥)v ]ªn-j¿, kXy-Zq-X≥)v ]ªn-j¿, kXy-Zq-X≥)

Xma-kn-bmsX AlvaZn-Iƒ hnf°n

t®¿Øp. FX-tØm-f-sa-∂m¬, JmZn-

bm≥ ap\n-kn-∏¬ IΩn-‰n-bn-te°v

JmZn-bm-\nse Aao¿ auehn A_v

Zp-dlvam≥ kmln_ns\ Xnc-s™-

Sp-°s∏SpI-bpw At±lw Jeo-^-

Øp¬ ako-lns‚ A\p-a-Xn-]-Imcw

JmZn-bm≥ ap\n-kn-∏m-en-‰n-bpsS ]kn-

U-≠mbnØocp-Ibpw sNbvXp. au

ehn A_vZp-dlvam≥ kmln-_ns‚

Iogn¬ lZvdØv anbm≥ kmln_v

]N-mc-W-Im-cy-sk-I- -dn-bmbn tkh-

\-a-\p-jvTn-°p-Ibpw At±-l-Øns‚

h^m-Øn-\p-tijw JmZn-bms‚ Aao-

dmbn \nb-an-X-\m-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

Pam-A-Øns‚ XAveow X¿_n-øØv

skI-´dn, bph-P-\-kw-L-S-\-bmb

Jp±m-ap¬ AlvaZn-øm-bpsS AJn-

te¥ym ]kn-U-≠v, kZ¿ A©p-a≥

AlvaZnøm ]kn-U≠v, ]e XhW

C¥y-bnse Pam-A-Øp-I-fpsS \m

kn¿ AAve F∂o \ne-I-fnepw

At±lw tkh-\-a-\p-jvTn-°p-I-bp-

≠m-bn. h^m-Øm-Ip-tºmƒ At±

lw \mkn¿ AAvem (ap-Jy- Im-cy-

Z¿in) Bbn-cp-∂p.

1927 BKÃv 1˛\mWv c≠mw

Jeo-^-bpsS ]pX-\m-bn-s°m≠v

lZvdØv anbm≥ kmln_v `qPm-X-

\m-b-Xv. At±-lØns‚ amXmhv k-

ønZm Akokv _oKw kmln_

Bbn-cp -∂p. 1953 -emWv anbm≥

kmln_v lZvdØv ao¿ aplΩZv

Ckvambn¬ kmln-_ns‚ aIƒ

lZvdØv Aa-Øp¬ Jp-±qkv _oK

sØ hnhmlw sNbvX-Xv. At±-l-

(-tijw 18˛mw t]Pn¬)

A\p-kva-cWwA\p-kva-cWwA\p-kva-cWwA\p-kva-cWwA\p-kva-cWw

198


FFFFF¥mWv shfn-]m-Sp-Iƒ?

shfn-]mSv F∂Xv Hcm-fpsS A¥¿a-

fi-e-Øn¬ t_m[-]q¿∆tam

At_m-[m-fl-Itam Bb ⁄m\m-

t\z-j-WsØ hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v D]-

tbm-Kn-°p∂ tIh-e-samcp ]Zw amX-

amtWm? a\p-jy\n-te°v ⁄m\w

Cd-°p∂ _mly-amb Hc-ÿn-Xz-

amtWm AXns‚ Dd-hnSw?

shfn-]m-Sp-I-fn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-

h¿ t]mepw AXns‚ ]Ir-X-sØ-

°p-dn®v hnhn[ cq]-Øn-emWv a\- n-

em-°n-bn-´p-≈-Xv. DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v

_p≤-aXw, I¨^yq-j≥ aXw,

Xthm-a-Xw apX-emb aX-hn-izm-kn-I-

fn¬ _lp- q-cn-]-£hpw Icp-Xp-∂Xv

Ah-cpsS aXkv-Ym-]I-∑m¿°p-

≠mb A\p- -h-ßƒ Ah-cpsS t_m

[-a-\- n¬ \nt∂m At_m-[-a-\-

n¬ \nt∂m tIh-e-ambn Bhn¿ -

hn-®-Xm-sW-∂m-Wv. t\csØ ]Xn-

]m-Zn -®Xpt]mse kXyw F√m

Bflm-hnepw AXns‚ Hcp `mK-

ambn \ne-sIm-≈p-∂p-sh∂v Ah¿

hniz-kn-°p-∂p. Ahsc kw_-‘n-

t®-S -tØmfw A¥]tNm-Z\w

F∂Xv Cu A\¥-k-Xy-Øns‚ Dd-

hn-SsØ kv]¿in-°m-\p≈ D]-I-c-W-

am-Wv. a‰p aX-ÿ-cpsS ho£-W-]-

Imcw shfn-]m-Sp-Iƒ F∂-Xv A\-

¥\pw k¿∆-⁄m-\n-bp-amb ssZh-

shfn-]m-Sp-IfpsS ]IrXwshfn-]m-Sp-IfpsS ]IrXwshfn-]m-Sp-IfpsS ]IrXwshfn-]m-Sp-IfpsS ]IrXwshfn-]m-Sp-IfpsS ]IrXw

Øn¬ \n∂v AXm-bXv Hcp _mly-

tkm-X- n¬ \n∂pw hcp-∂-Xm-Wv.

\mw \ΩpsS ]T-\-ta-Je hn]p-

e-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ aX-Øns‚

taJ-e°v ]pdØp \n∂pw shfn-]m-

Sp-I-fpsS kXy-k-‘-amb kw`-h-

ßƒ dnt∏m¿´p sNø-s∏-´-Xmbn

\ap°v Is≠-Øm-\m-hpw. DZm-l-c-W-

Øn\v Nne imkvX-⁄-∑m¿°v

AXn-k-¶o¿Æ-amb hnh-c-ßƒ Dƒ

s°m-≈p∂ shfn-]m-Sp-Iƒ Adn-bn-

°-s∏-´-Xm-bp≈ IuXp-II-c-amb

kw -h-ßƒ D≠m-bn- p-≠v.

F√m imkvX-K-th-j-I-∑m-

tcbpw Ipg-°n-bncp∂ ck-X-¥-

Ønse Hcp hnj-a-]iv\w ]cn-l-cn-

°m≥ P¿Ω≥ ck-X-¥-⁄-\m-bn-

cp∂ sÛ-dn°v HuKÃn sI°pe

(Fredrich Augusty Kekule) 1865¬ ]mSp-

s]-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp Znhkw cmXn

sIIqe Hcp kz]v\w I≠p. Hcp

k¿∏w AXns‚ hm¬ hmbn¬ hngp

ßn \n¬°p∂ Zriy-am-bn-cp∂p

kz]v\-Øn¬ Z¿in-®-Xv. Cu kz]v\w

At±-l-Øns‚ a\- ns\ aYn-®n-cp∂

]iv\-Øn\v s]mSp-∂s\ icn-bmb

Znim-t_m[w \¬Ip-I-bp-≠m-bn.

ssPh ck-X-¥-Øn¬ hnπ-h-ßƒ

krjvSn® Nne ssPh-kw-bp-‡-ß-

fpsS (Organic Compounds) X∑m-Xm-

kz-`m-h-Øns‚ cl-ky-ßƒ Cu

kz]v\-Øn-eqsS At±-l-Øns‚

apºn¬ ad-\o-°-s∏-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

s_≥ko≥ (Benzene) X∑m-X-I-fn¬

Im¿_¨ B‰-ßƒ hrØm-Ir-Xn-

bn¬ tN¿∂p-\n¬°pIbm-sW-

(Bond) ∂mWv Cu kz]v\w A¿∞-

am-°p-∂-sX∂v At±lw hymJym-\n-

®p. Cu Adnhv \nc-h[n IrXna

hkvXp-°ƒ D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂ hn]p-

ehpw hfsc hnI-kn-X-hp -amb

IrXna ssPh ck-X-¥-Øn\v (Syn-thetic organic chemistry) P∑w \¬Ip-

I-bp-≠m-bn. Ct∏m-gsØ Huj[

hyh-kmbw A[n-I-a-[n-I-ambn IrXn-

a- a-cp-∂p-Isf Bi-bn-°p-∂p. sI°p-

esb aYn-®n-cp∂ ]iv\-Øn\v ]cn-

lmcw Is≠-Ønb B kz]v\-Øn\v

Xo¿®-bmbpw am\-h-cmin IS-s∏- n-cn-

°p-∂p.

Xø¬ the BZy-ambn b¥-

h-XvI-cn® hy‡n-bmWv Gen-bmkv

tlmhn (Elias Hoave). Zo¿L-Im-e-

ambn tlmhn-bpsS a\- ns\ Ae-

ń-bn-cp∂ Hcp ]iv\Øn\v ]Xn-hn[n

Is≠-Øn-bXpw Hcp kz]v\-Øn-eq-

sS-bm-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øn-∂p-≠mb

kz]v\-w Ipsd Im´m-f-∑m-cm¬ At±

lw hebw sNø-s∏- -Xmbpw Xßƒ

s°mcp Xø¬ b¥w D≠m-°n-Ø-

∂n-s√-¶n¬ At±-lsØ sIm∂p-I-

f-bp-sa∂v Im´m-f-∑m¿ oj-Wn-s∏-Sp-

lZvdØv an¿km Xzmln¿ AlvaZvlZvdØv an¿km Xzmln¿ AlvaZvlZvdØv an¿km Xzmln¿ AlvaZvlZvdØv an¿km Xzmln¿ AlvaZvlZvdØv an¿km Xzmln¿ AlvaZv

AXo-µn-b-amb A\p-`-h-ßfpw ⁄m\-ßfpw shfn-]m-Sp-I-fpsSAXo-µn-b-amb A\p-`-h-ßfpw ⁄m\-ßfpw shfn-]m-Sp-I-fpsSAXo-µn-b-amb A\p-`-h-ßfpw ⁄m\-ßfpw shfn-]m-Sp-I-fpsSAXo-µn-b-amb A\p-`-h-ßfpw ⁄m\-ßfpw shfn-]m-Sp-I-fpsSAXo-µn-b-amb A\p-`-h-ßfpw ⁄m\-ßfpw shfn-]m-Sp-I-fpsS

bmYm¿∞y-Øn-te-°p≈ kqN-\-I-fmWvbmYm¿∞y-Øn-te-°p≈ kqN-\-I-fmWvbmYm¿∞y-Øn-te-°p≈ kqN-\-I-fmWvbmYm¿∞y-Øn-te-°p≈ kqN-\-I-fmWvbmYm¿∞y-Øn-te-°p≈ kqN-\-I-fmWv

199


Øp-∂-Xp-am-bn-cp∂p. Im´m-f-∑m-cpsS

Cu Bh-iy-tØmSp ]Xn-I-cn-°m≥

Ign-bm-Xn-cp∂ tlmhnsb Ah¿

Hcp ac-Øn¬ _‘n-®n- p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

F∂n´v Im´m-f-∑m¿ At±-lsØ

Aºp-sIm≠pw Ip¥w sIm≠pw

BI-an-°m≥ Bcw-`n-®p. Ah-cpsS

Ip¥-ap-\-I-fn¬ I≠ Zzmcw At±-

lsØ A¤p-X-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw

sNbvXp. kz]v\-Øn¬ \n∂pw

DW¿∂ tlmhn Xs‚ a\- ns\ aYn-

®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂ Hcp ]iv\-Øn\v

DS≥ Xs∂ ]cn-lmcw Is≠-Øp-I-

bm-bn-cp-∂p. B kz]v\w At±-l

sØ Xø¬b-¥-Øns‚ ]mIr-X-

cq]w Is≠-Øp-∂-Xn-te°v \bn-®p.

]n∂oSv hkvX-\n¿ΩmW hyh-km-

bsØ \mS-Io-b-ambn am‰n-a-dn®

Xø¬ sajos‚ I≠p-]n-Sp-Ø-am-bn-

cp∂p AXv. Xø¬ kqNn-bpsS Zzmcw

D≠m-t°≠ ÿew GXm-bn-cn-°W-

sa∂v Cu kz]v\-Øn-eqsS a\- n-

em-°m≥ At±-l-Øn\v km[y-am-bn.

]Xy-£-Øn¬ Akm[yw

F∂v tXm∂p∂ Hcp ]hrØn

km[y-am°n Xo¿°m≥ kz]v\-Øn¬

\n∂pw e`n® Cu Bi-b-Øn\p Ign-

™p. Cu kz]v\-Øns‚ klm-b-

an-s√-¶n¬ a\p-jy≥ C∂v AI-s∏-

Sp∂ k¶-Sm-hÿ Duln-°m≥

km[y-a-√. Xo¿®-bmbpw Cu shfn-

]mSp aptJ\ Fs¥mcp hnπ-h-I-c-

amb ]cn-h¿Ø\-amWv krjvSn-°-s∏-

ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ \nc-h[n A\p- -h-ß-

fpsS shfn-®-Øn¬ shfn-]m-Sp-Iƒ

F∂m¬ D]-t_m[ a\- n¬ \n∂pw

Dcphw sIm≈p∂ ]Xn-`m-k-am-

sW∂ Hcp hni-Zo-I-cWw a\- n¬

Is≠-Øp-∂p. AXm-bXv Dd-ßm≥

t]mhp-∂-Xn\v apºv a\- ns\ Ae-

ń-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ ]iv\-ß-fn¬

KmV-ambn Nn¥n®v hym]r-X-am-hp∂

t_m[-a-\- n\v £oWw _m[n-°p-

∂p. AØcw ]iv\-Nn-¥-Iƒ D]-

t_m-[-a-\- n-te°v am‰-s∏-Sp-∂p. Dd-

°-k-a-bØv D]-t_m-[-a-\ v AXn-

te°v IpØn-\n-d® Imcy-ßsf

kw_-‘n®v Nn¥n-°p-Ibpw Ah-

km\w G‰hpw DNnXamb ]cn-lmcw

Is≠-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Nne-

t∏mƒ Cu ]cn-lmcw Z¿i-\-ß-fmbn

A\p- -h-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂p. Nne-

t∏mƒ im_vZnI ktµ-i-ß-fmbn

tIƒ°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. CsX√mw

Aßs\-Ø-s∂-bm-sW∂v Xs∂-bn-

cn-°-s´. F∂mepw GXv coXn-bnepw

A\p- -h-th-Zy-am-Ip∂ F√m shfn-]m-

Sp-Ifpw bYm¿∞-Øn¬ At_m-[-a-

\- n¬ \n∂p≈ ktµ-i-ß-fm-sW

∂v Icp-Xmtam? Cßs\-b-√msX

as‰mcp hn[-Ønepw CXv kw`-hn-

°m≥ km[y-X-bnt√?

ta¬ hnh-cn® kw`-h-Øn¬

]iv\-]-cn-lm-c-Øn\p th≠ Ah-iy-

hn -h -c -ßfpw t_m[-a -\ - n¬

At∏mƒ Xs∂ B hnh-c-ßƒ \nKq-

V-amb coXn-bn¬ Iqń-t®¿°m≥

Ign-bp∂ i‡-amb Hcp]I-c-W-ambn

D]-t_m-[-a-\ v h¿Øn-°p-I-bm-bn-

cp∂p F∂v sXfn-bn-°-s∏-SpI amX-

amWv sNøp-∂Xv F∂ hmZhpw D∂-

bn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. At∏mƒ CXm

tWm ]tNm-Z--\m-fl-I-amb shfn-]m-

Sns‚ ka-kvXm-\p-`-h-ß-fp-tSbpw

BI-Øp-I? AX√ Cu Htc-sbmcp

am\-knI ]In-b°v ]pdta a‰p h√

cq]-ßƒ°pw km[y-X-bpt≠m?

temI-Ønse ]_-e-a-X-ßƒ

Ah-cpsS ]hm-N-I-∑m¿°pw a‰p ]e

hnip≤¿°pw ssZh-sa∂v hnfn-°-s∏-

Sp∂ _mly-amb Hcp tkmX- n¬

\n∂p-amWv shfn-]m-Sp-Iƒ e`n-°p-

∂Xv F∂v hniz-kn-°p∂p. Cu

hnizmkw Ah-cpsS sX‰mb Hcp-

[mc-W-bm-bn-cn-°Ww F∂v a‰p-≈-

hcpw Icp-Xp-∂p. F¶nepw Cßs\

shfn-]mSp e`n-°p-∂-h¿ Icp-Xn-°qń

I≈w ]d-bp-∂-h-cmWv F∂v Ah¿

Btcm-]n-°p-∂n-√. ImcWw XnI

®pw D≈n¬ \n∂p-X-s∂-bp≈ Hcp

A\p-`hw ]pd-ta-bp≈ Hcp tkmX-

n¬ \n∂pw hcp∂-Xmbn bYm¿∞-

Øn¬ sX‰n-≤-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-∂mWv

C°q-´¿ ]d-bp-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ CXv

Ah¿ ]d-bp-∂Xv t]msebmbncp-∂p-

sh-¶n¬ shfn-]mSp aX-ß-fp-tS-sb

√mw ASn-ÿm\w inYn-e-amb ASn-

Ø-d-bn-em-bn-cn°pw ]Xn-jvTn-°-s∏-

Sp-I. AØcw Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-ß-fpsS

kXyw sXfn-bn-°m≥ ]pd-sa-\n-

∂p≈ aXn-bmb sXfn-hp-I-fpsS

klmbw sIm≠p amXta

km[n°q.

AØ-c-Øn¬ hmZw D∂-bn-

°p∂ F√m-h-cp-tSbpw Ah-Im-i-hm-

Z-Ønse kXyw hy‡n-]-c-ambn ]cn-

tim[n°pI F∂Xv ]bm-k-I-chpw

hn]p-e-hp-amb Hcp ia-am-b-Xn-\m¬

\mw Cu am\-Zfiw hnip≤ Jp¿

B\n¬ amXw Btcm-]n-°p-hm≥

ian-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. a\p-jys\ krjvSn-

°p-Ibpw Ahs\ Dt]-£n-°msX

XpS¿∂pw Ahs‚ F√m Imcy-Øn

epw X¬]-c-\m-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw sN

øp∂ ]c-tam-∂-X-\mb Hcp kjvSmhv

D≠v F∂ hnizm-k-Øns‚ Aÿn-

hm-c-Øn-emWv F√m apJy-a-X-ß-fp-

sSbpw ASn-ÿm\w \ne-sIm-≈p∂-

Xv. Ft∏m-gmtWm Hcp Iq´-cn¬

ssZhw C—n-°p-∂Xv At∏m-sg√mw

Ahs‚ ZqX-∑m-cn-eqsS ssZhw

Ah¿°v am¿§-Z¿i\w \¬Ip-∂p.

Ahs‚ Aÿn-Xz-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈

⁄m\w Ah¿ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw

Ahs‚ B⁄-]-Imcw a\p-jy-hw-

isØ cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ BK-ln-

°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. CXv kXy-am-

sW-¶n¬ shfn-]m-Sp-Iƒ kzX-¥-

amb Hcp ⁄m\-tkm-X- n¬

\n∂mWv hcp-∂-sX∂v Icp-X-Ww.

AXm-I-s´ shdpw am\-knI ]-tNm-

Z-\-Øn¬ \n∂pw hn`n-∂-hp-am-bn-cn-°-

Ww. AXp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sNøp-

tºmƒ bp‡n-⁄m\w c≠mw

ÿm\-ØmWv hcp-∂-Xv.

a\p-jy-a-\ ns‚ Hcp _nµp-

hn¬ \n∂p t\m°p-tºmƒ shfn-]m-

Sp-Iƒ a\p-jys‚ am\-kn-I-amb

A¥¿a-fi-e-Øn¬ \n∂p-Xs∂

kw`-hn-°p∂ Hcp A\p-`-h-am-sW-

∂mWv ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Cu Imc-W-

Øm¬ Znhy-k-tµ-i-ßfpw D]-t_m-

[-a-\- ns‚ kam-\-kz-`m-h-ap≈

200


A\p- -h-ß-fmtWm F∂ Bi-b-°p-

g∏w D≠m-tb-°mw. F√m Bfp-

Iƒ°pw Ah-cpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬

Hcp L -Øntem As√-¶n¬ as‰mcp

L -Øntem a\- ns‚ Nne \nKqV

]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ A\p- -h-s∏- n- p-≠m-

Imw. a\p-jy-a-\ v a\p-jys‚

D≈n¬ Xs∂-bp≈ Hcp kwhn-[m-\-

am-Wv. AXv Nne-t∏mƒ ambm-°m-gvN-

Ifpw Z¿i-\-ßfpw Nne-t∏mƒ

bYm¿∞-Øn¬ kw`-hn-°p-∂Xv

t]mse hy‡n-Iƒ°v ]Xy-£-ambn

A\p- -h-s∏-Sp-∂p.

hn]p-e-amb tXmXn-ep≈ AØ

cw A\p-`-h-ßsf kz]v\-ßƒ,

kwKo-Xm-flI i_vZ-ßƒ, cq]-ßƒ,

apZ-Iƒ F∂n-ßs\ Xcw-Xn-cn-°m-hp-

∂-Xm-Wv. Xmfw sX‰n-bXpw ]£p-

_v[-hp-amb a\- p-≈-h¿°v Ah-

cpsS A\p-`-h-ßƒ hfsc Xoh-am-

bn-cn-°pw. AXv krjvSn-°p∂ kwò-

Xm-fl-I-amb anYym- -a-ßƒ Ahsc

`m¥n-te°v \bn-t®-°mw. AØcw

am\-knI hn`m-¥n-bpsS Ah-ÿ-

bn¬ ITn-\-amb ]\nbpw _m[n-t®-

°mw. CXv IqSmsX XnI®pw hyXy-

kvX-am-bXpw Nn´-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bXpw

kam-izmkw \¬Ip-∂Xpw km¥z-

\m-fl-I-hp-amb kz]v\-ß-fp-tSbpw

A\p- -h-ßƒ D≠m-hp-∂p. AIm-c-W-

ambn ]e¿°p-ap-≠m-Ip∂ Dƒ`-b-

Øn¬ \n∂pw A]-I-S-ò-Xn-bn¬

\n∂pw AXv a\- n\v tamN\w

\¬Ip-∂p. amX-a√ Nne-t∏mƒ

hy‡-ambn tIƒ°m-hp∂ hyXn-cn-

‡-amb i_vZ-Øn¬ Nne ktµ-i-

ßƒ \¬I-s∏-Sp-∂p. AØcw ktµ-

i-ßƒ Nne-t∏mƒ a\p-jy-s‚tbm,

amem-J-bp-tStbm cq]-ß-fmWv sIm

≠p-h∂p \¬Ip-∂-Xv. AXpw a\p-jy-

a-\- n-s‚bpw Nn¥-bp-sSbpw D¬]-

∂-amWv F∂v hni-Zo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-I-

bm-sW-¶n¬ Bflob-amb A\p- -h-

ß-sf√mw Xs∂ am\-knI ]Xn-`m-

k-ß-fpsS taJ-e-bn-te°v Xcw-Xm-

gvØ-s∏-Spw.

At∏mƒ ]ns∂ shfn-]m-Sp-

Iƒ°pw Znhy-Z¿i-\-ßƒ°pw Fhn

sS ÿm\w? F√m ][m-\-s∏´

tNmZy-ßfpw hy‡-ambn A`n-ap-Jo-

I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw DØcw \¬I-s∏-

Sp -Ibpw thWw. a\p-jy-a-\ v

AØcw ]Xn-`m-k-ßƒ kzoI-cn-

°m\pw krjvSn-°-s∏-Sm-\p-ap≈

khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ sIm≠v k÷o-I-

cn-°-s∏- -Xm-Wv. ]t£, ssZhw C—n-

°p-tºmƒ DNn-X-amb ka-bØv

t\cn´p Xs∂ Cu am\-knI kwhn-

[m\w ]h¿Ø-\-k-÷-am-Imw. ][m-

\-s∏´ Cu tNmZy-Øn\v DØcw

Is≠-Øm≥ C°mcyw hfsc hni-

Z-ambn ]cn-tim-[n-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

Cu am\-knI ]Xn-`m-k-ßsf D]-

hn-`m-K-ß-fmbn Xncn-®p-sIm≠v Cu

]cn-tim-[\ Ffp-∏-am-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

A¥x-]-tNm-Z\wA¥x-]-tNm-Z\wA¥x-]-tNm-Z\wA¥x-]-tNm-Z\wA¥x-]-tNm-Z\w

(Inspiration)(Inspiration)(Inspiration)(Inspiration)(Inspiration)D]-t_m-[-a-\- n\v aXn- -ahpw

shfn-hvtISpw D±o-]n-∏n-°m-sa-¶n¬

AXn\v hyh-ÿm-]n-Xhpw A¿∞-h-

Øm-b-Xp-amb Z¿i-\-ßfpw ktµ-i-

ßfpw krjvSn-°m\pw Ign-bpw. a\

ns‚ \n-Kq-V-tIm-Wp-I-fn¬ t_m[-

]q¿h-a-√msX Xs∂ Hcp hnj-b-sØ-

°p-dn®v Ae-´-ep-≠m-bns°m-≠n-cn-

°pw. HSp-hn¬ Hcp-Ø-c-Øn¬ FØn-

t®-cp-Ibpw sNøpw. AXm-Is´

AXn\p apºv t_m[-a -\ - n\v

A⁄m-X-hp-am-bn-cn-°pw. DØcw

e`n-°p-∂Xv hsc Hcp ]iv\-Øn¬

D]-t_m-[-a-\ v ]h¿Ø-\-\n-c-X-am-

bn-s°m-≠n-cn°pw. ]n∂oSv AXv

kz]v\w, Z¿i\w apX-em-b-h-bn-eqsS

t_m[-a-\- n-te°v sIm≠p-h-c-s∏-Sp-

Ibpw sNøp-∂p. AXn-\p-apºv a\-

n-te°v \¬I-s∏´ hnh-c-ß-fpsS

ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-emWv Cu ]In-b-

bn¬ ew e`n-°p-∂-Xv. Cu ]Inb

]mh¿Øn-I-am-Im≥ ]pdØv \n∂p

≈ Hcp GP≥kn-bpsS kzm[o\w

Bh-iy-an-√. Hcp Ip‰-hm-fn°v t]m

epw Hcp Ip‰I-r-Xyw sNøp-hm-\p≈

ka¿∞-amb Hcp ]vfm≥ D]-t_m-[-

a-\- ns‚ A¥x-]-tNm-Z\ ]Inb

aptJ\ Xøm-d-m°m≥ km[n-t®-

°mw. ]t£, Hcp Imcyw ad-∂p-t]m-

I-cpXv A¥x-]-tNm-Z\w Ft∏mgpw

a\p-jy-a-\- n\v e`y-amb Um‰-I-fp-

ambn _‘-s∏-´-Xm-bn-cn-°pw. AXn-

\-∏pdw AXn\v t]mIm≥ km[y-a-√.

anYym-`-a-a-√mØanYym-`-a-a-√mØanYym-`-a-a-√mØanYym-`-a-a-√mØanYym-`-a-a-√mØ

am\-kn-Im-\p-`-h-ßƒam\-kn-Im-\p-`-h-ßƒam\-kn-Im-\p-`-h-ßƒam\-kn-Im-\p-`-h-ßƒam\-kn-Im-\p-`-h-ßƒ

`m¥ns‚ ê-am-tbm, el-cn-

h-kvXp-°-fpsS D]-tbmKw sImt≠m

anYym-àw (Hallucination) D≠m-hm-dp-

≠v. At∏mƒ a\-jy-a-\ v AXy-[n-

I-amb DtØ-Pn-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw a\p-

jy-\nse D]-t_m[ kwhn-[m\w

]h¿Ø-\-£-a-am-Ip-Ibpw sNøp-

∂Xv sIm≠mWv CXv kw`-hn-°p-

∂Xv. AØcw kµ¿`-ß-fn-ep-≠m-

hp∂ t_m[-]-Xn-I-c-W-ßƒ ]c-

kv]c-_-‘-an-√m-Ø-h-bm-bn-cn-°pw.

Ah¿ ImWp∂ Z¿i-\-ßƒ s]mcp-

Ø-an-√mØ aXn- -a-ßtfm oXn-P-\-

I-amb à-I-ev]-\-Itfm Dƒs°m-

≈p∂ am\-knI Nm]-ey-ß-fpsS

inYne iI-e-ß-fm-sW∂v Hcp \nco-

£-I\v Ffp-∏-Øn¬ ]d-bm≥ km[n-

°pw. km[m-c-W-K-Xn-bn¬ AØcw

Ia-cm-ln-Xm-h-ÿsb XpS¿∂p-h-

cp∂ Bi-b-°p-g-∏hpw C—m`w-K-

ßfpw ]pd-ta-bp≈ \nco-£-I\v Ffp-

∏-Øn¬ Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ km[n-°pw.

F∂m¬ CXv IqSmsX A¿∞-h-

Øm-bXpw KmV-ambn Iao-Ir-X-hp-

amb cq]-ßƒ Hcp ktµ-i-tØm

sSm∏w ]Zm\w sNøp-hm\pw D]-

t_m-[-a-\- n\v km[y-am-hpw. D]-

t_m-[-a-\- n\v t_m[-a-\- p-ambn

A¿∞-]q¿Æ-ambpw Dt±-i-e-£y-

tØm-sSbpw hn\n-abw sNøm\pw

km[n-°pw. C\n Xocp-am-\n-°m-\p-

≈Xv a\p-jy-a-\- ns‚ B¥-cm-h-b-

h-ß-fp-ambn kwh-Zn-°m≥ GsX-

¶nepw _mly GP≥kn-Iƒ°v

km[n-°ptam F∂m-Wv.

AXo-µnb hn⁄m-\n-I-fpsS

(parapsychologist) imkvXo-bm-Sn-ÿm-

\-Øn-ep≈ hn]p-e-amb Kth-j-W-

ßfpw ]co-£-W-ßfpw CXv km[y-

am-sW∂v sXfn-bn-®n- p-≠v. Hcm-fpsS

201


a\- ns\ as‰mcm-fpsS a\- ns‚

B⁄-bn¬ ]h¿Øn-∏n -°m≥

km[n-°pw. A]-Imcw Abm-f-psS

\n¿t±-i-ßƒs°mØv Nn¥n-∏n-°p-

hm\pw km[n-°pw. AØcw ]Xn- m-

k-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ Kth-j-W-ßƒ

]e bqWn-th-gvkn-‰n-I-fnepw \S-∂p-

Øn\v Hcp aI\pw aq∂v s]Ïp- n-I-fp-am-Wv. kmln_v kmZm an¿km Ieow

AlvaZv (a-I≥), Aa-Øp¬ Aeow kmln_, Icow IuI_v kmln_,

Aa-Øp¬ dDu^v kmln_ (s]¨ a°ƒ)

hn\-bm-\zn-X\pw hfsc lrZ-bm-ep-hp-am-bn-cp∂ anbm≥ kmln_v A`n-

Pm-Xhpw A¥- m¿∂-Xp-amb s]cp-am-‰-Øns‚ DS-a-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]mh-s∏-

´-h-tcmSp hf-sc-tbsd Xmev]cyw ImWn-®n-cp∂ hy‡n-bm-bn-cp-∂p. tIc-f-

Øn¬ kwÿm\ Cam-dØv D≠m-bn-cp-∂-t∏mƒ \S-Ønb H´p-an° kwÿm-

\-k-tΩ-f-\-ß-fnepw anbm≥ kmln_v ]s¶-Sp-Øn-cp-∂p. tIc-fhpambn At±-

l-Øn\v khn-ti-j-amb Hcp _‘-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. temIw apgp-h\pw ]c-

∂p-In-S-°p∂ AlvaZnøm Pam-A-Øp-I-fp≈ ]apJ cmPy-ß-fpw At±lw

kµ¿in-®n- p-≠v. hmKvZØ alvZn-bpsS ]uX≥, JmZn-bms‚ ta[mhn F∂

\ne-I-fn¬ temIw apgp-h-\p-ap≈ AlvaZn-Iƒ At±-l-Øn\v \¬Ip∂ al-

Ømb BZcw A\p-]-a-am-bn-cp∂p.

anbm≥ km-ln_v tImgn-t°m´v hcp-tºmƒ At±-l-Øn\v BZn-Xy-a-cp-

fm≥ Cu hn\o-X\v Ign-™Xv alm-`mKy-ambn Icp-Xp-∂p. am\y-X-bpsS

\nd-Ip-S-am-bn-cp∂ At±lw F√m _lp-am-\m-Z-c-ßfpw A¿ln-°p∂ Hcp

Znhy-hy-‡n-Xz-am-bn-cp-∂p. F\n°v At±-ltØmSp≈ hy‡n-]-c-amb IS-∏mSv

hm°p-Iƒ°-Xo-X-am-Wv. F\n°v c≠m-aXv lrtZmK-ap-≠m-b-t∏mƒ C¥y-

bn¬ Rm≥ kao-]n® tUmIvS¿am-sc√mw tcmK-Øns‚ Kuc-hm-h-ÿbpw

C¥y-bn¬ h®v Hm∏-td‰v sNøp-∂-

Xns‚ dnkv°pw Fs∂ t_m[y-s∏-

Sp-Øp-I-bp-≠m-bn. bmZr-›n-I-ambn

sslZ-cm-_m-Zn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ anbm≥

kmln_v Cu kwKXn Adn-bp-Ibpw

Fs‚ tcmK-hn-h-c-ßƒ AS-ßnb

kn.-Un. Ata-cn-°-bnse hnZ-Kv[-\mb

AlvaZn tUmIvS¿°v Ab-®p-sIm-

Sp -°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. At±lw

Xs∂ ap≥ssI-sb-Sp-Øn- mWv Ata-

cn-°-bn¬ sh®v Fs‚ Hm∏-td-j≥

\S∂-Xv. k¿t∆m-]cn F\n°v

th≠n sNbvX ZpB-Ifpw ad-°p-

hm≥ km[y-a-√. A√mlp At±-l-

Øn\v P∂m-Øp¬ ^n¿Zu-kn¬

Ahs‚ CjvS-Zm-k-∑m-tcm-sSm∏w

IqSn-t®cm-\p≈ ku`m-Kyhpw aKv

^ndØpw \¬In A-\p-K-ln-°p-am-

dm-I-s´. (B-ao≥)

lZvdØv an¿km hknw kmln-_ns‚ P\mk I_-d-S°nlZvdØv an¿km hknw kmln-_ns‚ P\mk I_-d-S°nlZvdØv an¿km hknw kmln-_ns‚ P\mk I_-d-S°nlZvdØv an¿km hknw kmln-_ns‚ P\mk I_-d-S°nlZvdØv an¿km hknw kmln-_ns‚ P\mk I_-d-S°n

l-l-l-l-l-ZvdØv kmln_v kmZm an¿km hknw AlvaZv kmln_ns‚

P\mk \n-kvImcw 1˛5- 07 sshIp-t∂cw 6 aWn°v JmZn-bm-\n¬ hºn®

P\m-h-en-bpsS km∂n-[y-Øn¬ \S-∂p. auem\m apl-Ω-Zp-±o≥ km-ln_v

P\m-k \nkvIm-c-Øn\v t\XrXzw \¬In. _lvivXn aJv_-d-bn¬

hmKvZØ ako-lns‚ I_¿ ÿnXn-sN-øp∂ tImºu≠n\-I-ØmWv

lZvdØv kmln-_ns‚ I_-d-S°w \S-∂-Xv. P\m-km- \nkvImcØnepw

]m¿∞-\-bnepw ]s¶-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn C¥y-bnse F√m kwÿm-\-ß-

fn¬ \n∂pw \qdp-I-W-°n¬ ]Xn-\n-[n-Isf°qSmsX hntZ-i-cm-Py-ß-fn¬

\n∂pw [mcmfw ]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ ]s¶-Sp-Øp.

l-ZvdØv kmln-_ns‚ hntbm-K-Øn¬ A\p-tim-N\w tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-

hm≥ JmZn-bm-\nse F√m hym]mc ÿm]-\-ßfpw hnZym`ymk ÿm]-

\-ßfpw AS®p l¿Øm-e-N-cn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.-Jm-Zn-bm-\nse ap≥kn-∏m¬

IΩn‰n c≠p-Zn-h-ksØ l¿Øm¬ Blzm\w sNbvXp-sIm≠v ]tc-Xs‚

Bfl-im-¥n-°mbn c≠v an\n´p

au\-a-h-ew-_n®p ]m¿∞\ \S-

Øn. ]©m_v apJy-a¥n ]Imiv

knwKv _mZ¬, ]©m_v _n.-sP.-

]n, tIm¨K v ]kn-U-≠p-am¿

XpSßn ]e cmjvSob kmwkvIm-

cnI kwL-S-\-IfpsS t\Xm-°

fpw A\p-tim-N\ ktµiw Ab-

®p.

tIc-f-Øns‚ hnhn[ Pam-A-

Øp-I-fn¬ \n∂pw 20 ]Xn-\n-[n-

Iƒ P\mkm \n-kvIm-c-Øn¬

]s¶-Sp-°m≥ JmZn-bm-\n¬ FØn-

t®¿∂n-cp-∂p.

apl-ΩZv Da¿apl-ΩZv Da¿apl-ΩZv Da¿apl-ΩZv Da¿apl-ΩZv Da¿

h-cp-∂p. Cu Kth-j-W-]-T-\-ß-fpsS

ê-ßƒ sXfn-bn-°p-∂Xv Hcm-fpsS

Bi-b-ßƒ bmsXmcp uXn-tIm-]m-

[n-I-fp-an-√msX as‰m-cm-fpsS a\- n-

te°v ]I-cp-hm≥ km[n-°p-sa-

∂mWv. AXv km[y-am-sW∂v amX-

a√, AXv ssZ\-w Zn-\-Po-hn-X-Øn¬

kw -hn-°p∂ Hcp ]Xn- m-k-hp-amsW-

∂m-Wv. Nne-t∏mƒ AXv bm¥n-I-

ambpw Nne-t∏mƒ t_m-[-]q¿∆-ap≈

ia-ß-fn-eq-tSbpw km[y-am-hpw.

(XpS-cpw)

]cn-`mj: G.-Fw.]cn-`mj: G.-Fw.]cn-`mj: G.-Fw.]cn-`mj: G.-Fw.]cn-`mj: G.-Fw.

(-14-˛mw t]Pn¬ \n∂v XpS¿®)

202


bqbqbqbqbqWn-b≥ Hm^v tkmhy-‰v

tkmjy-enÃv dn∏-ªn°n(bp.-F-kv.-F-

kv.-B¿.) s‚ ]X-\sØØpS¿∂p

≈ djy-bpsS X¥-]-c-amb ]n∑m-‰-

Øns‚ Imew AkvX-an-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

djy≥ ]kn-U≠v hvfmZvao¿ ]pSn≥

]kn-U≠p ]Z-Øn¬ F´p-h¿jw

]q¿Øn-bm-°n-b-t∏mƒ temI-Øn\v

\¬Inb ktµ-i-an-Xm-Wv. Ign™

s^_p-hcn 10\v ayqWn-®n¬ tN¿∂

skIyq -cn‰n tIm¨^≥kn¬

]pSn≥ \S-Ønb \n¿Æm-b-I-amb

]kw-K-Øn¬ Ata-cn-°-bpsS GI-

[p-h-temIw Akzo-Im-cyhpw Akm-

≤y-hp-am-sW-∂v ]Jym-]n-°p-I-bp-≠m-

bn. amX-a√, \nb-a-hn-cp≤ am¿§-ß-

fn-eq-tSbpw Aan-X-amb _e-]-tbm-

K-Øn-ep-tSbpw GI-[p-h-temIw

ASn-t®¬∏n-°m≥ Ata-cn° ian-

°p-tºmƒ AXv temIsØ imizX

kwL¿j-Øn-te°v X≈n-hn-Sp-sa∂v

]pń≥ ]d-bp-I-bp-≠m-bn.

Ata-cn° F∂ Hcp cmPyw

AXns‚ tZiobmXn¿Ønbpw \nb-

a-ßfpw a‰p cmPy-ß-fnse kmº-Øn-

Ihpw, cmjvSo-bhpw am\-hn-I-hp-amb

F√m taJ-eIfn-te°pw hym]n-∏n°-

Dbn¿sØ-gDbn¿sØ-gDbn¿sØ-gDbn¿sØ-gDbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬°p∂ djyp-t∂¬°p∂ djyp-t∂¬°p∂ djyp-t∂¬°p∂ djyp-t∂¬°p∂ djyhvfmZvao¿ dZn-bq-ln≥hvfmZvao¿ dZn-bq-ln≥hvfmZvao¿ dZn-bq-ln≥hvfmZvao¿ dZn-bq-ln≥hvfmZvao¿ dZn-bq-ln≥

Bbp[∏¥-b-cw-KØv Dd-ßn-°n-S-∂n-cp∂ djy Xß-fpsS ]pXnbBbp[∏¥-b-cw-KØv Dd-ßn-°n-S-∂n-cp∂ djy Xß-fpsS ]pXnbBbp[∏¥-b-cw-KØv Dd-ßn-°n-S-∂n-cp∂ djy Xß-fpsS ]pXnbBbp[∏¥-b-cw-KØv Dd-ßn-°n-S-∂n-cp∂ djy Xß-fpsS ]pXnbBbp[∏¥-b-cw-KØv Dd-ßn-°n-S-∂n-cp∂ djy Xß-fpsS ]pXnb

Du¿÷˛Bbp[ CS-]m-Sn-eqsS Ata-cn-°-bp-ambn temI-hym-]-I-ambnDu¿÷˛Bbp[ CS-]m-Sn-eqsS Ata-cn-°-bp-ambn temI-hym-]-I-ambnDu¿÷˛Bbp[ CS-]m-Sn-eqsS Ata-cn-°-bp-ambn temI-hym-]-I-ambnDu¿÷˛Bbp[ CS-]m-Sn-eqsS Ata-cn-°-bp-ambn temI-hym-]-I-ambnDu¿÷˛Bbp[ CS-]m-Sn-eqsS Ata-cn-°-bp-ambn temI-hym-]-I-ambn

a’-cn-°m-\p≈ thZn Hcp°p-I-bm-sW∂v teJ-I≥ ]d-bp-∂p. `mhna’-cn-°m-\p≈ thZn Hcp°p-I-bm-sW∂v teJ-I≥ ]d-bp-∂p. `mhna’-cn-°m-\p≈ thZn Hcp°p-I-bm-sW∂v teJ-I≥ ]d-bp-∂p. `mhna’-cn-°m-\p≈ thZn Hcp°p-I-bm-sW∂v teJ-I≥ ]d-bp-∂p. `mhna’-cn-°m-\p≈ thZn Hcp°p-I-bm-sW∂v teJ-I≥ ]d-bp-∂p. `mhn

temIw ho≠pw im‡nI InS-a-’-c-Øn-te°v t]mIp-I-bmtWm?temIw ho≠pw im‡nI InS-a-’-c-Øn-te°v t]mIp-I-bmtWm?temIw ho≠pw im‡nI InS-a-’-c-Øn-te°v t]mIp-I-bmtWm?temIw ho≠pw im‡nI InS-a-’-c-Øn-te°v t]mIp-I-bmtWm?temIw ho≠pw im‡nI InS-a-’-c-Øn-te°v t]mIp-I-bmtWm?

∂Xv BcmWv CjvS-s∏-SpI? CXv

Bcn-emWv kt¥mjw P\n-∏n-°pI?

F∂pw ]pSn≥ tNmZn-®p.

Ata-cn-°≥ \bsØ kw_-

‘n®v a‰p ]e temI cmjvS-t\-Xm-

°-∑mcpw ]pdØv ]d-bmsX a\-

n¬ sh®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Imcy-

amWv ]pSn≥ Dds° ]Jym-]n-®-Xv.

]pSn≥ Ata-cn-°-sbv°-Xnsc sh√p-

hn-fn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. tkmhy-‰v

bqWn-bs‚ ]X-\-Øn\v tijw

Btem-Nn-°msX Bfl-l-Xym-]-c-

amb Hcp FSpØp Nm´-am-bn-cp∂p

Cu ]kvXm-h-\-sb∂v ]Xy-£-

Øn¬ tXm∂m-sa -¶nepw djy

Ct∏mƒ t_mdnkv sb¬Svkns‚

Ime-Øp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xp-t]m-se-bp≈

Hcp -Zp¿_e cmjvS-a-√.

djy AXns‚ Zm¿Vy-Xbpw

kmº-Øn-Ii‡nbpw hos≠-SpØ

tijw Xß-fpsS kzbw Ah-Im-i-

hm-Z-hp-ambn temI-th-Zn-bn¬ h∂p

\n¬°p-I-bm-Wv. ]gb tkmhy‰v

bqWn-bs\ \bn-®n-cp∂ ]Xy-b-im-

kvX-]-c-amb A¥¿[m-ctbm kq∏¿

]h¿ BIm-\p≈ AZ-ay-amb BK-

ltam C√msX cmPy-Øns‚ XnI

®pw ]mtbm-KnIamb Xmev]-cy-ßsf

ap≥\n¿Øn-bmWv Ah¿ \o°-ßƒ

\S-Øp-∂Xv.

]kn-U≠v ]pSn≥ djy≥ hntZ-

i-\-bw c≠v kvXw -ßsf ASn-ÿm-

\-am-°n-bmWv cq]o-I-cn-®n-´p-≈Xv.

H∂v Du¿÷hpw as‰m∂v ssk\nI

kmt¶-XnI hnZy-bp-am-Wv.

temIØnse FÆ-bp-sSbpw

hmX-I-Øn-s‚bpw Bhiyw AXn

s‚ hnX-c-W-tØ-°mƒ A[n-I-am-bn-

cn-°p-I-bmWv. Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬

temIsØ c≠m-asØ G‰hpw

henb FÆ-°-b-‰p-aXn cmPy-sa∂

\ne-bn-ep≈ Xß-fpsS ÿm\hpw

]Ir-Xn -hm-X-I-Øns‚ G‰hpw

henb Dev]m-Z-I¿ F∂ ]Z-hnbpw

D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-≠mWv djy

Xß-fpsS cm„o-bhpw kmº-Øn-I-

hp-amb Xmev]-cy-ßƒ°v th≠n Icp-

\o-°p-∂-Xv. ]kn-U≠v ]Z-hn-bn¬

Hcp h¿jw ]q¿Øn-bm-°n-b-t∏mƒ

Xs∂ temIsØ ]pXnb im‡nI

tIµ-ßfpw ]pXnb kpc£m kwhn-

[m-\-ßfpw D≠m-°p∂ ]In-bsb

203


Xzcn-X-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ Bbp-[°-b-‰p-

aXn KWy-ambn h¿≤n-∏n-°m≥

]pSn≥ \n¿t±-in-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. 1999

¬ t_mdnkv sb¬Svkns‚ ImeØv

3.4 _ney≥ tUmf-dm-bn-cp∂ djy-

bpsS Bbp[ hnev]\ 2000Øn¬

FØn-b-t∏mƒ 6.5 _ney≥ tUmf-

dmbn h¿≤n-∏n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. Cu

h¿jw AXv 7 _ney≥ tUmf-dmbn

h¿≤n-°pw. djy≥ hntZi Imcy-a-

¥n- sk¿tKmbn emhvtdmhv ]d-bp-

∂Xv djy AXns‚ Ncn-X-Øn-em-Zy-

ambn Xß-fpsS tZio-b-Xm-ev]-cy-

ßsf Db¿Øn-∏n-Sn-°p-I-bm-sW-

∂mWv.

]pSn≥ ]pXn-sbmcp Du¿÷

kpc£m amXrI hnP-b-I-c-ambn \S-

∏m°n Ign-™p. AXv Xß-fpsS

D]-t`m‡r cmPy-ß-fn-te-°p≈ hnX-

cWw amX-a√ Dd-∏m-°p-∂Xv. adn-®,v

Du¿t÷m¬]m-ZI cmPy-ß-fpsS

hn]Wn ÿncX IqSn Dd-∏m-°p-I-

bmWv. Du¿t÷m¬]m-ZI cmPy-ß-

fpsS hn -h-ßƒ sshhn-[y-hXvI-cn®v

AXn\v ]pXnb Dev]m-Z\ taJ-e-Iƒ

Is≠-Øn Dev]m-ZI cmPy-ßfpw D]-

t`m-‡y-cm-Py-ß-fp-ambn Zo¿L-Ime

Iao-I-c-W-ßƒ Bhn-jvI-cn-®p-sIm-

≠mWv Ch \S-∏m-°p-∂-Xv. djy-

bpsS Cusbmcp \b-X¥ ]cn-]mSn

Ata-cn-°-bn¬ \n∂pw cq£-amb

FXn¿∏ns\ t\cn-Sp-I-bm-Wv. AXv

Ata-cn-°bnse _lp-cm-jvS-Ip-Ø-

I-I-fpsS kvt]m v am¿°-‰nwKv kº-

Zm-bsØ XInSw adn-°p-sa∂v Ah¿

`b-s∏-Sp-∂p. AtX-k-abw djy

Xß-fpsS Du¿÷tkmX- p-Iƒ

Ing-°≥ cmPy-ß-fn-te°v hgn-Xn-cn-®p-

hn-Sp-tºmƒ AXv ssN\, C¥y apX-

emb Ing-°≥ ]tZ-isØ Db¿∂p-

h-cp∂ kmº-ØnI i‡n-Iƒ°v

KpW-I-c-am-Wv.

hf¿∂p-h-cp∂ _lp [ph-tem-

I-Ønse i‡n-tI-µ-ßƒ F∂

\ne°v ssN\bpw C¥y-bp-am-bmWv

Du¿÷ ssk\nI hnX-cW ]¶m-

fnØw i‡-am-°m≥ djy i≤n-°p-

∂Xv. \mK-cn-I-ambn temIsØ ]nf¿

ØmsX H∂n∏n°p-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°Ww

kwkvImc-ßƒ Dev]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂

hcmb ssN\bpw C¥ybpaS°w

temI-Øn-se t\Xr-]-Z-hn-bn-ep≈

cmPy-ß-fp-tSbpw djy-bp-tSbpw

BKlw' F∂v Xm≥ hniz-kn-°p-

∂p-sh∂v djy≥ hntZ-i-Im-cy-a¥n

emhvtdmhv ]d-bp-I-bp-≠m-bn. Inkv

Xy≥ CkvemanIv \mK-cn-I-X-Iƒ

XΩn-ep≈ kwL- -\sØ ]tIm-]n-

∏n-°p∂ ia-ß--tfm-Sp≈ ]Xn-I-

cWw F∂ \ne-°m-Wv emhvtdmhv

Cßs\ ]d-™-Xv.

djy ssN\-bp-ambn ssItIm¿

Øp-sIm≠v i‡-amb ssk\nI

kpc£m Kq∏mb jmMvlmbv

tIm¿∏-td-j≥ Hm¿K-ss\-tk-j≥

(SCO) cq]o-I-cn®p Ign-™p. Cu

kwL-S-\-bn¬ Ikm-°n-ÿm≥,

Dkvs_-°n -ÿm≥, In¿Kn -°n -

ÿm≥, XmPn-°n-ÿm≥ F∂o cmPy-

ßfpw AwK-ß-fmWv. at≤y-jy-

bnse Ata-cn-°-bpsS ssk\nI

km∂n≤yw Ipd-°m≥ SCO \n¿

t±iw \¬In-bn -cn -°p -I-bm-Wv.

sk]vXw-_¿ 11\v tijw Ab¬cm-

Py-amb A vKm-\n-ÿm-\nse Xmen-

_m≥ oj-Wnsb sNdp-°m≥ Ata-

cn° Cu taJ-e-bn¬ hn\y-kn®

ssk\y-ßsf ka-b-_-‘n-X-ambn

]n≥hen°m≥ SCO Ata-cn-°°v

\n¿t±iw \¬In-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

2005 ¬ Dkvs_-°n-ÿm-\n¬ Ata-

cn-°°v Hcp ssk\nI hnam-\-Øm-

hfw A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂-Xns\ SCO \ncp-

’m-l-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

Ign™ h¿jw SCO C¥y°pw

]mIn-kvXm\pw Cdm\pw \nco-£I

]Zhn \¬In-sIm≠v SCO ]cn[n

hn]p-eo-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

]gb tkmhy‰v bqWn-bs‚

t\Xr-]-Zhn Ac-°n-´p-d-∏n-°m≥

XßfpsS Du¿÷ tkmX v djy

D]-tbm-Kn-°p-I-bm-Wv. FÆ-bp-

tSbpw Kymkn-s‚bpw hne Ipd®v

\¬In-sIm≠pw [\-\n-t£-]-ßƒ

\S-Øn-s°m≠v ]gb tkmhy‰v

bqWn-b-\n¬ \n∂pw hn p-t]mb cmPy-

ßsf Iqń-t®¿Øp-]n-Sn-®p-sIm≠p

amWv djy CXn\v ian-°p-∂-Xv.

Hmd≥Pv hnπ-h-Øn-eqsS (]-gb

tkmhy‰v bqWn-b-\n¬ \n∂p-ap≈

kwÿm\ß-fpsS sImgn-™p-t]m-

°v) Cu taJ-e-bn¬ Imep-d-∏n-°m≥

ian® Ata-cn-°-bpsS ]nSn Ab-bp-

I-bm-Wv.

bqtdm-∏n¬ ]gb bqtdm-∏ns‚

]ap-Jmw-K-ß-fmb P¿a\n, ^m≥kv,

C‰en F∂o cmPy-ßƒ°v djy

\¬Ip∂ ]tem- -\o-b-amb Du¿÷

CS-]m-Sp-I-ƒ djy≥ hnI-k\ X¥-

Øn-s\-Xnsc Ata-cn-° \bn-°p∂

bqtdm-]y≥ ap∂-Wnsb Ah-Xm-f-Øn-

em-°p-I-bm-Wv. Ign™ amkw

Zo¿L-Im-e-ambn ImØn-cp∂ Hcp

Du¿÷ CS-]mSv _ƒtK-dn-bbpw

Kokp-ambpw H∏p-sh-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.

Xp¿°n -bpsS Xnc -°p -]n -S n®

t_mkv -dkv IS-en-enSp°ns\ Hgn-

hm -°n -s°m≠p≈ _mƒ°¨

ss]∏vsse≥ ]≤-Xn-bmWv djy-bp-

ambn ]kvXpX cmPy-ßƒ H∏psh®-

Xv. bqtdm-∏nse Du¿÷ hn]-Wn-

bn¬ djy-bpsS ÿm\w Dd-∏n-°p-

Ibpw Ata-cn-°-bpsS km∂n-≤y

sØ Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sN

øp∂ Imkv]nb≥ FÆ-bpsS _Z¬

am¿§amWv djy Bkq-XWw sNøp-

∂-Xv.

]Ir-Xn-hm-XI D¬]m-ZI cmPy-

ß-fpsS kwL-S-\-bmb Kymkv

Hs]Iv (Gas OPEC) s‚ ]n∂nse

Nme-I-i‡nbpw djy-bmWv. Kymkv

FIvk-t]m¿ńwKv I¨Sokv t^mdw

(GECF) F∂ Cu ]pXnb kwL-S-\-

G]n¬ 9\v JØ-dnse tZml-bn¬

Hcp tbmKw tNcp-I-bp-≠m-bn. AXv

Cdm≥, JØ¿ F∂o cmPy-ß-fp-

ambn djysb IqSpX¬ ASp-∏n°pw.

Ch-tcm-sSm∏w AƒPo-cn-b, sh\n-

kpe at[y-jy≥ cmPy-ßƒ F∂n-

h¿ IqSn tNcp-tºmƒ temI-Ønse

]Ir-Xn-hm-XI Dev]m-Z-\-Øns‚

Adp-]Xv iX-am\w Dev]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂

Hcp kJy-ambn AXv amdpw. H∂n-\p-

204


]-Icw as‰m∂p \¬In-s°m≠v

Du¿÷-hn-`-h-ß-fp-ambn Cu cmPy-

ß-fp-ambn djy Xeßpw hneßpw

Icm-dn-te¿s∏-´p-I-gn-™p. Kymkv

Hs]°v F∂ djy≥ Bibw Ata-

cn-°-tbbpw bqtdm-∏n-t\bpw ]tIm-

]n-∏n-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Du¿÷ hn]-

Wn-bn¬ Cu cmPy-ßsf aqe-°n-cp-

Øm-\p≈ djy-bpsS ia-ambn Ah¿

CXns\ Icp-Xp-∂p. Du¿÷-hn-]Wn

ssIø-S-°m-\p≈ ]m›m-Xy-cm-Py-ß-

fpsS ia-ßƒs°-Xn-sc-bp≈ Xncn-

®-Sn-bmWv Kymkv Hs]Iv F∂v

djy≥ cmjv Sob t\Xm-°-∑mcpw

kΩ-Xn-°p-∂p.

Kymkv Hs]-°ns‚ cq]o-I-c-W-

tØmsS ]m›mXy cmPy-ß-fn¬

\n∂pw hn`n -∂-ambn C¥y°v

AXn¬ \n∂v t\´-ap-≠m-Ip-sa∂v

]Xo-£n-°p-∂p. Kymkv Hs]Iv

kJy-Ønse ap≥K-W-\-°-\p-kr-X-

ambn hmXI°b-‰p-aXnbp≠m-hp-

tºmƒ C¥y°v AXv KpW-I-c-am-bn-

Øo-cpw. CXv Cdm≥, ]mIn-kvXm≥,

C¥y F∂o cmPy-ß-fn-eq-sS-bp≈

ss]∏v sse≥ bmYm¿∞y-am-°m≥

klm-b-I-c-amhpw. Cdm≥ Kymkv

Gjy-bn-te°v Xncn-®p-hn-Sp-tºmƒ

bqtdm-]y≥ C‘-\-am¿°-‰p-ambn

Cdm≥ t\cn-Sp∂ kwL¿jw djy-

bpsS klm-b-tØmsS eLq-I-cn-

°m≥ km[n-°pw. Cu ]≤-Xn°v

djy-bpsS kmº-Øn-Ihpw kmt¶-

Xn-I-hp-amb ]n¥pW ]pSn≥ hmKv

Zm\w sNbvXn- p-≠v.

djy-bpsS Du¿÷ hn -h-ßfpw

Bbp[°b-‰p-a-Xn-ti-jnbpw ka-\z-

bn-∏n-®p-sIm≠v temIsØ apgph≥

kzm[o-\n-°m≥ djy ]≤Xn Xøm-

dm-°n-°-gn-™p. Cdms\ H‰-s∏-Sp-

Øm-\p≈ Ata-cn-°-bpsS \o°sØ

djy ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXv sSlv

dm∂v 700 aney≥ tUmf-dns‚ tSmw

Fw. -sF. AUzm≥kv Fb¿

anssk¬ knÃhpw BImi ]Xn-

tcm[ ssk\nI k∂m-l-ßfpw

\¬In-s°m-≠m-Wv.

Hcp hiØv Cdms‚ \yq¢n-b¿

hnhm-Z-ßƒ Ac-tß-dn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-

tºmƒ Cdms\ djy Bbp-[-a-Wnbn-

®p-sIm≠v Du¿÷ hn`-h-ßƒ°m-

bp≈ s]mXp-th-Zn-Iƒ cp]o-I-cn-®pw

]›n-ta-jy-bn¬ djy Xß-fpsS

]¶m-fnsb krjvSn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

djy Ct∏mƒ Xß-fpsS ]mc-

ºcy klm-bn-bmb kndn-b-bp-ambn

ASpØ _‘w ]p\x-ÿm-]n-®n-cn-°p-

I-bm-Wv. djy kndn-b-bn-te°v

Bbp[°b-‰p-aXn Bcw- n-°p-Ibpw

kndn-b-bpsS Xm¿SUv Xpd-ap-JØv

Hcp \mhnI ssk\nIØm-hfw cq]o-

I-cn-°m≥ ]≤Xn Xøm-dm-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. djy≥ ]kn-U≠v

]pSn≥ CuønsS kDu-Zn-A-td-_y,

JØ¿, tPm¿±m≥ F∂o cmPy-ß-

fn¬ \S-Ønb Ncn-X-]-[m-\-amb

kµ¿i\w djybpsS Du¿÷

Bbp[ CS-]m-Sp-Iƒ°v ]Xp-s°-bm-

sW-¶nepw Ata-cn-°°v amXw

]m_-ey-ap-≈ Hcp taJ-e-bn-te°v

djy-bpsS \o°-ambn Icp-tX-≠n-bn-

cn-°p-∂p. Ncn-X-Øn-em-Zy-ambn djy-

bpsS Sn˛90 Sm¶p-Ifpw thyma ssk

\nI Bbp-[-ßfpw hmßm≥ ku

Du-Zn-A-td_y Xmev]-cyw- Imńbncn-

°p-∂p. amX-a√ djy≥ FÆ òa-

\mb "eqt°m-bn¬' kDuZn Atd-

_y-bnse ]pXnb hmXI taJ-e-

bn¬ c≠v _ney≥ tUmf¿ \nt£-

]n-°m≥ ]≤-Xn-bn- n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

djybpsS Bbp-[-˛-Du¿÷

\b-X¥w AƒPo-cn-b-bn¬ hfsc

hnP-b-I-c-ambn A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-I-bp-

≠m-bn. djy-bnse eqt°m-bn\pw

as‰mcp hmX-I-ò-a-\mb Kmkvt]m-

an\pw AƒPo-cn-b-bnse G‰hpw

henb FÆ-hm-XI taJ-e-bn¬

IpØ-I-hm-Imiw e`n-®ncn-°-bm-Wv.

Cu Icm¿ ]Imcw 7.5 _ney≥

tUmf¿ hne-a-Xn-°p∂ djy≥ Bbp-

[-ßƒ AƒPo-cn-b°v \¬Ipw.

Ata-cn-°-bpsS ]n∂m-ºp-d-amb

sXt°-A-ta-cn-°-bnse AI-Ø-f-ß-

fn-te°v djy IS∂psN∂n-cn-°p-∂p.

Ign™ h¿jw djy sh\n-kp-e-bp-

ambn 3 _ney≥ tUmf-dns‚ Bbp[

CS-]m-SmWv H∏p-sh-®-Xv. sh\n-kp-

e-bn¬ djy 24 kpt°mbn ˛ 30

Zo¿L-Zqc sP-‰p-Ifpw 53 slen-tIm-

]v‰-dp-Ifpw Iem-\n-jvt°mhv tXm°v

\n¿Ωm-W-Øn-\p≈ 2 mIvS-dn-Ifpw

ÿm]n-°m-\mWv Icm¿. djy-bn¬

\n∂pw apßn-°-∏-ep-Ifpw BIm-i-

]-Xn-tcm[ anssk-ep-Ifpw Ic-bp≤

hml-\-ßfpw a‰p bpt≤m-]-I-c-W-

ßfpw hmßm\pw sh\n -kpe

Xmev]cywImń-bn- p-≠v.

CXp-hsc Ata-cn-°≥ Iº-\n-

I-fpsS A[oi-Xz-Øn\p Iogn-em-bn-

cp∂ sXt° Ata-cn -°-bnse

Bbp[ hn]-Wn-bn-te°v sh\n-kp-e-

bn-eq-sS-bp≈ djy-bpsS IS-∂p-I-

b‰w Ata-cn-°≥ Iº-\n-Iƒ°v

hºn® Xncn-®-Sn-bm-bn-´p-≠v. djy

Ct∏mƒ sXs° Ata-cn-°-bnse

A¿P‚n\-bp-ambn slen-tIm-]v‰¿,

K¨t_m´v, BIm-im-I-aW Bbp-

[-ßƒ F∂nh AS-ßnb Hcp h≥

Bbp[ CS-]m-Sn-\p≈ N¿®-Iƒ \S-

Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

a‰p taJ-e-I-fn¬ djy-bpsS

Du¿÷ CS-]m-Sp-I-fp-ambn ssI

tIm¿Øp-sIm≠v Bbp[ hym]m-

chpw ]ptcm-K-an-®p-h-cp-∂p. djy-bnse

"Kmkvt]mw' Iº\n sh\n-kp-e-

bnse C\nbpw NqjWw sNø-s∏-

SmØ h≥ hmX-I-\n-t£]w J\\w

sNøm-\p≈ F√m kmt¶-XnI

klm-bhpw Ah¿°v e`y-am-°pw.

CXv Ata-cn° Ign-™m¬ ]m›m

Xy temIsØ G‰hpw henb

hmXI \nt£-]-am-Wv. 4.1 Sn√y≥

Iyq_n°v ao‰-dmWv ]IrXn hmX-I-

Øns‚ hym]vXw. sh\n-kp-e≥

]kn-U≠v lyqtKm Nmthkv _kn-

eo-eqsS A¿P‚o-\-bn-te°v Kymkv

ss]∏v sse≥ ÿm]n-°p∂ tPmen-

bn¬ `mK-`m-°m-hm≥ djy-bnse

Kmkvt]mw Iº-\nsb £Wn-®n-´p-

≠v. Cu ss]∏v sse≥ s_mfo-hn-

b, ]dm-tKz, DdqtKz apX-emb cmPy-

ß-fn-te°pw \ofp-∂p-≠v.

205


sh\n-kq-e-bnse djy≥ kzIm

cy \nt£]w ˛ "iX tImSn-°-W-

°n\v _n√y≥ tUmf-dp-Iƒ' FØn-

t®°p-sa∂v ]kn-U≠v ]pSn≥ ]d-

bp-I-bp-≠m-bn. t_mfn-hn-b-bn¬ 2

_ney≥ apX¬ 3 _ney¨ hsc

tUmf¿ \nt£-]n-°m≥ N¿® \S-

Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn Kmkv

t]mw Iº\n ]d-™p. sXs°

Ata-cn-°-bnse sh\n-kqe Iyq_

F∂n-h-c-S-ßnb Ata-cn-°≥ hncp≤

Xnaq¿Øn kJy-Ønse AwK-am-Wv

t_mfn-hnb.

temI-Ønse im‡nI a’c

k¥p-e-\-Øn¬ djy-bpsS `qan-

imkvX cmjvSob Dbn¿sØ-gp-

t∂¬∏v Ata-cn-°≥ ta[m-hn-XzsØ

XS-bn-Sm≥ \mS-Io-b-amb \o°-ß-

fmWv \S-Øp-∂-Xv. Ata-cn-°-bnse

sUtam-Im-‰n-°v, dn∏-ªn-°≥ cmjvSo-

b-°m¿ Hcp-t]mse ]kn-U≠v ]pSn-

s\-Xnsc cqIvjamb Hcp ]N-mcW

XcwKw Agn-®p-hn-ń-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

]pSn-≥ cmjvSob sIme-]m-X-I-ßƒ

kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-∂p-sh∂pw GIm-[n-]-

Xn -Isf \ne-\n¿Øm≥ th≠n

djysb sX‰mb hgn-bn-te°v \bn-

°p-∂p-sh-∂p-amWv Ata-cn-°-bpsS

Btcm-]-Ww.

djysb ssk\n-I-a-’c ia-

Øn¬ \n∂pw ]n¥n-cn-∏n-°m≥ Ata-

cn° Hcp ]pXnb ssk\nI X¥-

Øn\v ian-°p-I-bm-Wv. anssk¬

BI-a-W-Øn¬ \n∂pw c£-s∏-Sm≥

BtKmf hym]-I-ambn Hcp kpc£m

kwhn-[m\w F∂ \ne°v sdmWmƒ

Uv doK≥ Bcw-`n® "Ãm¿ hm¿'

]≤Xn s]‚K¨ ho≠pw ]p\-cm-cw-

`n-®n-cn-°pIbmWv. Ata-cn-°-bpsS

Ãm¿ hm¿ ]≤Xnsb ]Xn-tcm-[n-

°m≥ tkmhn-b‰v bqWn-b≥ 1980-I-

fn¬ ian-®-Xns‚ e-am-bmWv djy

kmº-Øn-I-ambn XI¿∂-Xv. Ata-

cn-°-bpsS Ct∏m-gsØ Ãm¿ hm¿

]≤-Xnbpw djysb Aßs\ XI¿

°p-sa∂v Ata-cn° ]Xo-£n-°p-∂p.

Ign™ h¿jw Bcw-`-Øn¬

"sXΩm-Sn-cm-jvS-ßƒ'F∂v Ata-cn-

°- hn-fn°p∂ Cdm≥, t\m¿Øv

sImdnb F∂o cmPy-ß-fn¬ \n∂p

≈ anssk¬ BI-aWw XS-bm≥

th≠n djy≥ AXn¿Øn-tbmSv

tN¿∂v Hcp B‚n anssk¬ Xm

hfw Ing-°≥ bqtdm-∏n¬ ]Wn-bm≥

hmjnw-KvS¨ Xocp-am-\n-®n-cp-∂p.

Ata-cn -°-bpsS Cu \o°sØ

Xßƒs°-Xn-sc-bp≈ t\cn-´p≈

Hcp ojWnbmsW∂v ]d™v djy

A]-e-]n-®n -´p -≠v. bqtdm-]y≥

anssk-¬ Xmh-f-ßƒ, BtKmf

anssk¬ ]Xn-tcm-[-Øns‚ `mK-

ambn C‚¿sk-]v‰-dpI-tfbpw dUm-

dp-Itfbpw qK¿ -Ønepw bp≤-°-∏-

ep-I-fnepw bp≤ hnam-\-Ønepw hn\y-

kn-®p-sIm≠v hn]p-eo-I-cn-°m≥

Ata-cn-°°v ]≤-Xn-bp-≠v.

AXn-IWn-i-ambn e£y-ÿm-\-

ß-fn¬ ]l-cn-°m-\p≈ D]-I-c-W-

ßƒ ÿm]n®p sIm≠v Ata-cn°

Ah-cpsS BWh Bbp-[-ßƒbv°v

KpW-ta∑ hcp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

Ata-cn°bpsS BtKmf ta[m-

hnXzw \ne-\n¿Øm-\p≈ Ah-km-

\sØ t]mcm- -am-Wv CXv. Cu iaw

hnP-bn-®m¬ 50 h¿j-Øn-\p-≈n¬

BZy-ambn Ata-cn-°°v djybpsS

ta¬ BWh ta¬ss° t\-Sn-s°m-

Sp-°p-Ibpw djy-bp-sSbpw ssN\-bp-

tSbpw a‰p ]Xn-tbm-Kn-I-fp-sSbpw

ta¬ Xßsf ta[mhnXzw Dd-∏n-°p-

Ibpw sNømw.

djy-bpsS ssk\nI _UvP‰v

Ata-cn-°-bpsS Ccp-]Xn¬ H∂v amX-

am-Wv. Ata-cn-°-bpsS \yq¢n-b¿

ta[m-hnXz ]≤Xn CXp-ambn _‘-

s∏- Xm-Wv. djy- Cu sh√p-hnfn \S-

Øp-tºmgpw Ata-cn -°-bpambn

djysb Xpey-i-‡n-bm-°m≥ CXv

]cym-]vX-a-s√∂v Ah¿ Icp-Xp-∂p.

]pXnb Xcw anssk-ep-Iƒ Dev]m-

Zn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠p-≈-Xm-Wv djy-bpsS

X¥ ][m-\-amb ]p\-cm-bp-[o-I-

cWsa∂v ]pSn≥ ]Jym-]n-®p-I-gn-

™p. AtXm-sSm∏w ka-K-amb

BImi anssk-ep-I-fpsS knÃhpw

BIm-i-Øp-sh®p Xs∂-bp≈ ]Xn-

tcm[ kwhn-[m-\hpw \n¿Ωn-°p-sa∂v

At±lw ]Jym-]n-®n´p-≠v.

Ata-cn-°-bpsS GI [ph-

temIw Akzo-Im-cyhpw Akm-[y-hp-

am-sW∂ ]pSns‚ ]Jym-]-\hpw

djy-bpsS Cu ]≤-Xn-Ifpw ]c-

kv]cw A\p-]p-c-I-ambn \n¬°p-∂p.

(Frontline April 6, 2007)

kz¿§ob hnfn-bn¬ ]Xn-I-cn°qkz¿§ob hnfn-bn¬ ]Xn-I-cn°qkz¿§ob hnfn-bn¬ ]Xn-I-cn°qkz¿§ob hnfn-bn¬ ]Xn-I-cn°qkz¿§ob hnfn-bn¬ ]Xn-I-cn°qlZvdØv AlvaZv (A)lZvdØv AlvaZv (A)lZvdØv AlvaZv (A)lZvdØv AlvaZv (A)lZvdØv AlvaZv (A)

""Rm≥ Hc-Xn-a-l-Ømb hn-Pbw ssIh-cn-°m≥ ASp-Øn-

cn-°p-∂p. Fs‚ \mhn\v ]n¥p-W-bmbn as‰mcp \mhp kwkm-

cn-°p-I-bm-Ip-∂p. Fs‚ ssI°v i‡n-tb-Im≥ as‰mcp ssI

]h¿Øn®psIm≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Ip-∂p. temIw AXp ImWp-∂n-

s√-¶nepw Rm\Xp I≠p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Fs‚ D≈n¬

kz¿§obamb Hcm-flmhv kwkm-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. AXp

Fs‚ Hmtcm hm°n\pw A£-c-Øn\pw Poh≥ \¬In-s°m-

≠n-cn-°p-∂p. BIm-i-Øns‚ A\-¥-X-I-fn¬ hºn® tImfn-f-

°hpw Xnf-®p-a-dn-bepw kw`-hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Ah-

\sX Hcp hmhm-®n-t°m-e-Øn¬ Cu Hcp-]nSn aÆns\ ChnsS

]cq-]Ww sNbvXp \n¿Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]›m-Øm-]-Øns‚

hmXn¬ C\nbpw sImń-b-S-°-s∏-ń-ń-√mØ Hmtcm Bfpw ASp-

Øp-Xs∂ Adn-bp-am-dm-Ipw, Rm≥ kzbw Fgp-t∂-‰-h-\s√∂v!

Hcp kXym-flm-hns\ Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ Ign-bmØ t\X-ßƒ ImgvN-

bp-≈-h-bmtWm?'' (-C-km-esb Hulmw)(-C-km-esb Hulmw)(-C-km-esb Hulmw)(-C-km-esb Hulmw)(-C-km-esb Hulmw)

206


hmhmhmhmhmKvZØ alvZn akolv

BK-X-c-m-bm¬ At±lw \n¿∆-ln-

°p∂ ]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ ][m-\-

ambn lZo-kp-I-fn¬ Bh¿Øn-®p-h-

∂n-´p-≈Xv Ipcn-ins\ DS-°-epw,

Z÷m¬ h[-hp-am-Wv. Ipcn-ins‚

]cm-a¿i-ap≈ lZo-kp-I-fn¬ s]m

Xpsh Z÷m¬ h[w ]cm-a¿in-®p-Im-

Wp-∂n√. Z÷m¬ h[w ]cm-a¿in-°p-

∂n-SØv Ipcn-ip-S°epw ]cm-a¿in-®p-

Im-Wp-∂n-√. CXn¬ \n∂p a\- n-em-

Ip-∂Xv c≠n-s‚bpw hnh£ H∂p

Xs∂ F∂m-Wv. Z÷m-ens\ hm

KvZØ akolv "_m_v ep±n'¬ (X¿

°IhmSw AYhm hnhm-Z-cw-Kw)

sh®v h[n-°p-sa-∂mWv Xncp-\_n

(k) Acp-fn-bn-´p-≈-Xv. hmKvZØ

alvZo ˛ ako-lmbn Cu Ime-L-´-

Øn¬ A√m-lp-hn-\m¬ \ntbm-Kn-X-

\mb l: AlvaZv (A) ta¬ kqNn-

∏n® Ipcn-ip-S-°epw Z÷m¬ h[

hpw H∂p-X-s∂-bm-sW∂pw ssI

InkvXp-aXw hmKvZØ ako-ln\v

apºpw ]nºpw

A_vZp-d-ln-am≥, sImSn-b-Øq¿A_vZp-d-ln-am≥, sImSn-b-Øq¿A_vZp-d-ln-am≥, sImSn-b-Øq¿A_vZp-d-ln-am≥, sImSn-b-Øq¿A_vZp-d-ln-am≥, sImSn-b-Øq¿

]sØm-ºXmw \q‰m-≠n¬ InkvXp-aXw Ckveman-s\-Xnsc \S-]sØm-ºXmw \q‰m-≠n¬ InkvXp-aXw Ckveman-s\-Xnsc \S-]sØm-ºXmw \q‰m-≠n¬ InkvXp-aXw Ckveman-s\-Xnsc \S-]sØm-ºXmw \q‰m-≠n¬ InkvXp-aXw Ckveman-s\-Xnsc \S-]sØm-ºXmw \q‰m-≠n¬ InkvXp-aXw Ckveman-s\-Xnsc \S-

Ønb h≥ Bi-b-]-Nm-c-W-Øns‚ KXn XSp-°p-Ibpw Ckvem-Ønb h≥ Bi-b-]-Nm-c-W-Øns‚ KXn XSp-°p-Ibpw Ckvem-Ønb h≥ Bi-b-]-Nm-c-W-Øns‚ KXn XSp-°p-Ibpw Ckvem-Ønb h≥ Bi-b-]-Nm-c-W-Øns‚ KXn XSp-°p-Ibpw Ckvem-Ønb h≥ Bi-b-]-Nm-c-W-Øns‚ KXn XSp-°p-Ibpw Ckvem-

anI ]`m-h-Øn\v ap∂n¬ InkvXo-b-Xsb Xe XmgvØn-°p-IbpwanI ]`m-h-Øn\v ap∂n¬ InkvXo-b-Xsb Xe XmgvØn-°p-IbpwanI ]`m-h-Øn\v ap∂n¬ InkvXo-b-Xsb Xe XmgvØn-°p-IbpwanI ]`m-h-Øn\v ap∂n¬ InkvXo-b-Xsb Xe XmgvØn-°p-IbpwanI ]`m-h-Øn\v ap∂n¬ InkvXo-b-Xsb Xe XmgvØn-°p-Ibpw

sNbvX lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)s‚ Bi-b-k-a-c-ß-sf-∏-‰n.sNbvX lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)s‚ Bi-b-k-a-c-ß-sf-∏-‰n.sNbvX lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)s‚ Bi-b-k-a-c-ß-sf-∏-‰n.sNbvX lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)s‚ Bi-b-k-a-c-ß-sf-∏-‰n.sNbvX lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)s‚ Bi-b-k-a-c-ß-sf-∏-‰n.

kvXh-hn-izmkw temI-hym-]-I-amb

ap t∂‰w \SØpIbpw Ckvem-an-s\-

Xn-sc-bp≈ AXns‚ IS-∂p-I-b‰w

D®n-bn-se-Øp-I-bpw sNbvX Cu

Ime-L- -Øn¬ AXns\ ]Xn-tcm-[n-

°p-Ibpw Ipcn-ip-hn-izm-k-Øns‚

\nc¿∞-I-Xbpw ]am-W-cm-ln-Xyhpw

XntbIXz hnizm-k-Øns‚ bp‡n

hncp-≤-Xbpw sXfn-bn-®p-Im- p-Ibpw

sNøpI F∂-XmWv Xs∂ Cu

Ime-L-´-Øn¬ A√mlp \ntbm-Kn-

®-Xns‚ AXn-]-[m\ Dt±-iy-sa∂pw

]Jym-]n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. Imcy-t_m-

[-ap≈ GsXm-cmƒ°pw \ntj-[n-°p-

hm≥ Ign-bm-Ø -hn-[-Øn¬ Ahn-

Sp∂v ]kvXpX ZuXyw \n¿∆-ln-°p-

Ibpw sNbvXp. l: AlvaZn(A)

s‚ \ntbm-K-Im-e-L-´-Ønse In

kvXp-a-X-Øns‚ Ah-ÿ-bpw, Ahn-

SpsØ ZuXy-Øn\v 100 h¿jw

]n∂n´ Cu Ime-L-´-Ønse In

kvXp-a-X-Øns‚ \nebpw Xmc-Xayw

sNøp-hm-\mWv Cu teJ\w sIm≠v

Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xv.

19-˛mw \q‰m-≠nse ssIkvXh

apt∂-‰-Øns‚ kph¿Æ-Im-e-L-´-

Øn¬ ]K¬` ssIkvXh anj-W-

dn-bm-bn-cp∂ hneyw _mtdm-kns‚

Al-¶m-c-]q¿Æ-amb ]Jym-]\w

ImWpI: ""Ipcn-ins‚ ]Imiw ]k-

cn® e_-t\m≥, t]¿jy≥ ]¿∆-X-

]m-¥-ßƒ, t_mkv^-dkv F∂o

apkvenw \mSp-I-fnse ssIkvXh

apt∂-‰-Øn\v Rm≥ Xs∂ Hcp cq]-

tcJ Ipdn-°p-∂p. AXm-Is´ Ibv

tdm, Ua-kvI-kv, sXlvdm≥ F∂o

cmPy-ßƒ InkvXp-hns‚ Zmk-∑m-cm-

bn-Øo-cp-∂-Xns‚ apt∂m-Sn-b-sX.

Atd-_y-bpsS AI-Ø-f-ß-fn¬

Ibdn a°-bnepw IAv_bnepw

InkvXp-aXw ]th-in°pw. Ahn-S-ß-

fnepw Ipcniv \m´pw. apgp -h≥

kXyhpw ]Jym-]n-°-s∏-Spw. tbip-

hmWv imiz-X-k-Xy-sa∂v Bh¿Øn-

207


°p-Ibpw sNøpw'' (hn-eyw-_m-tdmkv

1892).

AtX-Im-e-L-´-Øn¬ ]mXncn

l≠¿, _nj∏v e vtdm-bn, am¿ń≥

¢¿°v, A_vZp√m BYnw XpS-ßnb

]mXn-cn-ap-Jy-∑m¿ C¥y tbip-hns‚

kΩm-\-am-sW∂pw mc-X-cmPyw H∂-

S¶w tbip-hn-\p-th≠n Pbn®-S-°m≥

Xß-fnXm Hcp-ßn-°-gn™p F∂pw

hoc-hmZw apg-°p-Ibp≠mbn. A°m-

eØv aue-hn-am¿ Dƒs∏sS Bbn-c-

°-W-°n\v apkvenwIƒ InkvXp-a-X-

Øn-te°v ]cn-h¿Ø\w sNøs∏- p.-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

temI-]-kn≤ apkvenw ]fin-

X-\m-bn-cp∂ A_p¬ lk≥ Aen

\Zvhn Xs‚ "JmZn-bm-\nkw' F∂

IrXn-bn¬ 19-˛mw \q‰m-≠nse ssI

kvXh apt∂-‰-sØ-°p-dn-®pw, apkv

enw kapZmbØns‚ \n -lm-b-

Xsb kw_-‘n®pw hni-Z-ambn hnh-

cn-°p-∂p-≠v. At±lw ]d-bp∂p:

""]sØm-ºXmw \q‰m≠v.. ]m

›mXy˛]u-ckvXy \mK-cn-I-X-Iƒ

XΩn¬, ]mNo-\-hpw, B[p-\n-Ihp

amb c≠v kwkvIm-c-ßƒ XΩn¬,

Ckvemw, InkvXym\nkw F∂o

c≠v aX-ßƒ XΩn¬... hy‡hpw

i‡-hp-amb kwL-´-\w... cmjvSo-

bm-[n-]-Xy-Øn\pw kmwkvIm-cnI

i‡n°pw Ah¿ (apkvenwIƒ)

Iosgm-Xpßn. sh≈-°m-cs‚ cWw

h∂p. ]m›mXy kwkvIm-chpw \mK-

cn-I-Xbpw ]N-cn-∏n®p InkvXp-a-X-

Øn-te°v Bsf £Wn-®p-sIm≠v

]mXn-cn-am¿ \msSßpw HmSn-\-S-∂p.

CkvemanI hnizm-k-Øn-\n-f°w Xń-

°m\pw hnizm-k-]-am-W-ß-fp-sSbpw

ico-A-Øn-s‚bpw ASn-Ø-d-Iƒ

XI¿°m-\p-am-bn-cp∂p Ah¿ InW

™p ian-®-Xv. bph-X-e-ap-d-bmWv

]tXy-In®p Ch-cpsS ]t_m-[-\-Øn-

\n-c-bm-b-Xv...

""ssIkvXh \ho-I-cW ]

ÿm\w s]mń-ap-f-®p. \nco-iz-c-Xz-Øn-

s‚bpw hnizm-k-]-c-amb ]m∏-cØz-

Øn-s‚bpw Ae-b-Sn-Iƒ i‡-ambn

AXn-I-an-®p-I-S-∂p.'' (t]Pv 11- 12)

\Zvhn kmln_v XpSp∂p:

""19˛mw \q‰m-≠ns‚ HSp-°w. ]m

›mXy Zp¿ -c-W-hp-ambn CkvemanI

temIsØ IS-∂m-I-an-®p..... Ipd®p

apºp Xs∂ hnizm-khpw hnh-c-hpw,

IcpØpw Ipd™p hcn-Ibpw £o

Wn®p XpS-ßp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp∂

CkvemanI temIw ]S-t°m-∏p-I-f-

Wn™ tNmc-Øn-f-∏p≈ ]m›m-

Xy¿°n-c-bm-bn. kºq¿Æ-ambn

Xf¿∂p Ign™ CkvemanI hnizm-

khpw \nco-iz-c- ù-Xn-I-\m-K-cn-I-

Xbpw XΩn¬ hºn-s®mcp kwL-

´\w \S-∂p...'' InkvXp-a-X-Øns‚

Ckveman-s\-Xn-sc-bp≈ \n -lm-bm-

h-ÿ-sb hnh-cn-°p∂ \Zvhn kmln-

_ns‚ hnh-c-W-ßƒ D≤-cn-°p-I-bm-

sW-¶n¬ Cu teJ\w \o≠p-

t]mhpw.

\ne-hn-ep≈ kwhn-[m-\-ßƒ°v

Cu ]Xn-k-‘nsb t\cn-Sp-hm≥ km

[y-am-bn-cp-∂n√ F∂ Imcyw At±

lw Xs‚ KŸ-Øn¬ Bh¿Øn-°p-

∂p-≠v. ""[¿Ω-k-a-c-Øns‚ NqSpw

NpW-bp-ap≈ Hcp apP-±nZns‚ A\n-

hm-cyX CkvemanI temIØp hy‡-

am-bn. ... CkvemanI tem-IsØ H∂n-

∏n-°p-Ibpw ]pXn-sbmcp PohnXw

kΩm-\n-°p-Ibpw Xs‚ Cuams‚

i‡nbpw Adn-hns‚ shäbpw

ka-cm-th-i-hp-ap-]-tbm-Kn®v ]m›m-Xy-

kw-kvIm-c-Øns‚ IS-∂m-I-aWw

t\cn-Sm≥ Ign-hp-ap≈ Hcp ]t_m-

[-Is\ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p

CkvemanI temIw.'' (t]Pv 177)

apPm-ln-Zp-I-fpsS BZy-Ime

]kn-≤o-I-c-W-am-bn-cp∂ "A¬ ap¿

inZv' amkn-I-bn¬ Hcp ]apJ Ad_v

]finXs‚ KŸw ""apkvenwIƒ

F¥p-sIm≠v ]nt∂m-°-ambn'' F∂

t]cn¬ ]cn- m-j-s∏-SpØn ]kn-≤o-

I-cn-®n-cp-∂p (1958). ]kvXpX KŸ

Øn¬ 19- mw \q‰m-≠n¬ samtdm t°m

F∂ apkvenw cmPyØv "_¿_¿'

tKmX-°m-cmb 80 e£w apkvenw

Iƒ ^©v InkvXym-\n-IfpsS

]t_m-[-\- -e-ambn InkvXym-\n-I-

fmbn amdp-I-bp-≠mbn F∂ sRń-

∏n-°p∂ kXyw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bp-

≠m-bn. CXbpw hnh-cn-°p-hm≥

ImcWw hmKvZØ ako-lns‚ BK-

a-\-Im-e-L- -Ønse InkvXob ]`m-

hhpw apkvenw timNym-h-ÿbpw

hnh-cn-°m≥ th≠n-bm-Wv.

Npcp-°-Øn¬ CkvemanI ku

[sØ XI¿sØ-dn-bm≥ kw lm-c-

`m-h-tØmsS Ccºn h∂ ssIkvX-

h-i-‡n-I-fpsS tXtcm-´sØ XSp-

Øp-\n¿Øp-I-bpw, CkvemanI apt∂-

‰-Øns‚ bmKm-izsØ aptºm´p

\bn-°p-Ibpw sNøpI F∂ Znhy-

Zu-Xy-hp-ambn \ntbm-Kn-X-\mb A√m-

lp-hns‚ "^b¬hm≥' hmKvZØ

akolv l: AlvaZv (A) Xs‚ Zu

Xyw GsXmcp khn-tij Ime-L- -

Øn-emWv XpS°w Ipdn-®-sX-∂pw,

Ahn-SpsØ Znhy-Zu-XysØØp

S¿∂p≠m-bn- p≈ ]cn-h¿Ø-\-ßƒ

FØ-c-Øn-ep-≈-Xm-bn-cp∂psh∂pw

\njv]£ Nn¥-I-cpw, kXym-t\z-jn-

I-fp-amb k¬_p-≤n-Iƒ ]cn-tim-[n-

°m≥ Xøm-dm-th-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

l: AlvaZn(-A)s‚ InkvXp-

a-X-Øn-s\-Xn-cmb t]mcm´w _lp-ap-

J-am-bn-cp-∂p. InkvXp-a-X-Øns‚

ASn-ÿm-\-XXzw P∑-]m-]-kn-≤m-

¥hpw ]m]-]-cn-lm-cm¿∞-ap≈ tb

ip-hns‚ Ipcnip ac-W-hp-am-W-t√m.

BZy-ambn ss__n-fn-s‚bpw bp‡n-

Nn-¥-bp-tSbpw ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬

P∑-]m-]-kn-≤m-¥sØ At±lw

Jfin-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. BZmw ]m]w

sNbvXp F∂v ]d-bp-∂Xp Xs∂

sX‰m-sW-∂pw, ]m]w F∂p ]dbp

∂Xv t_m[-]q¿∆w sNøp∂

B⁄m-ew-L-\-am-sW-∂pw, BZmw

AØ-c-Øn-semcp sX‰v sNbvX-

Xmbn ss__n-fn¬ \n∂v sXfn-bp-

∂n-s√∂pw At±lw Nq≠n-°m-ń.

"A∏≥ sNbvX I¿Ω-Øns‚ ew

aI≥ A\p-`-hn-°p-I-bn√' F∂

Imcyw hy‡-am-°p∂ \nc-h-[n

ss__nƒ hN-\-ßƒ Xs∂ FSp-

Øp-Im-Wn-®p-sIm≠v ]m]w Xe-ap-d-

208


I-fn-te°v kwI-an-°p-sa∂ ssI

kvXh-hm-Z-Øns‚ ap\-sbm-Sn-°p-I-bp-

≠m-bn At±lw. ]ns∂-bp-≈Xv

tbip-hns‚ Ipcnip ac-W-am-Wv.

A°m-cy-Øn¬ At±lw apt∂m-´p-

sh® sXfn-hp-Iƒ D÷z-ehpw In

kvXp-a-X-hn-izm-k-ßsf XI¿sØ-dn-

bp-∂Xp-am-bn-cp-∂p. "akolv lnµp-

ÿm≥ sa' F∂ KŸ-Øn-eqsS

At±lw aptºm-´p-sh® hmZ-ap-J-

ßƒ°v apºn¬ hcm≥ Hscm‰

ssIkvXh ]finX\pw CtX-hsc

Xøm-dm-bn- n-√.

]kvXpX KŸ-Øn¬ tbip

Ipcn-in¬ \n∂v c£-s∏-´p-sh-∂-Xn-

te-°p≈ ss__nƒ sXfn-hp-Iƒ

At±lw apt∂m´v sh°p-I-bp-≠m-

bn. tbip, Xt∂mSv AS-bmfw tNmZn-

®-h-tcmSv tbm\m (bp-\q-kv)-bpsS

AS-bmfw ]d-™p-sIm≠v I√-d-bn-

ep≈ Xs‚ InSØw Poh-t\m-Sp-Iq-

Sn-bm-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂-Imcyw hy‡-am-

°p-∂p. KZv -i-a\ tXm´-Ønse

]m¿∞-\bpw Ipcn-in¬ InS-∂p≈

tbip-hns‚ hnem-]hpw ]nem-tØm-

kns‚ `mcy I≠ kz]v\hpsa√mw

hy‡-am-°p-∂Xv Ipcn-in¬ sh®p≈

acWw tbip-hn-s‚-tbm, ssZh-Øn-

s‚tbm lnX-am-bn-cp-∂n√ F∂-Xm-

Wv. CXp-t]mse \nc-h[n sXfn-hp-

Iƒ hmKvZØ akolv FSp-Øp-Im-

Wn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. IqSmsX Ipcn-

in¬ \n∂v Cd-°-s∏´ tbip-hns‚

apdn-hn¬ ]pc-´p-∂-Xn\v th≠n ]

tXyIw Xøm-dm-°-s∏´ "a¿lsa

Cuk' F∂ te]-\u-j-[sØ

kw_-‘n®v ]pcm-X\ sshZy-im-

kvX-K-Ÿ-ß-fn¬ ]cm-a¿in-°-s∏- -

Imcyw tbip Poh-t\m-sS-bmWv Ipcn-

in¬ \n∂v Cd-°-s∏-´Xv F∂-Xn-

te°v Hcp-÷ze km£y-ambn Ahn-

Sp∂v ka¿∞n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.

ImWm-Xmb 10 Ckm-Cuen

tKmX-ß-fpsS ]hm-k-Po-hn-XsØ

kw_-‘n-®p≈ ss__nƒ]chpw

Ncn-X-]-c-hp-amb sXfn-hp-Iƒ ap

tJ\ tbip-hns‚ Ipcn-in¬ \n∂p

≈ AXn-Po-h-\hpw ImWm-sX-t]mb

BSp-Isf At\z-jn-®p≈ At±-l-

Øns‚ bmX-bpsS A\n-hm-cy-Xbpw

"akolv lnµp-ÿm≥ sa' F∂ K

Ÿ-Øn-eqsS l:AlvaZv (A) Nq≠n-

°m- n.

AXp-t]mse Xntb-I-Xz-kn-≤m-

¥-Øns‚ bp‡n-cm-ln-Xy-hpw ]am-

W-cm-ln-Xyhpw At±lw ka¿∞n-

°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS

"ssZh'amb tbip acn-®p-t]m-bn-cn-°p-

∂p-sh-∂pw, At±-l-Øns‚ J_¿

io\-K-dnse Jm≥bm¿ sXcp-hn¬

ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂p-sh-∂pw, ]kvXpX

J_¿ Xpd∂p ]cn-tim-[n-°p-I-bm-

sW-¶n¬, A\n-tj-[y-hpw aq¿Ø-hp-

amb sXfn-hp-Iƒ AXn¬ \n∂pw

e`n-°p-∂-Xm-sW∂pap≈ l: Alv

aZns‚ ]Jym-]\w ssIkvX-h-tem-

IsØ InSnew sIm≈n-°p-I-bp-≠m-

bn. C∂v ]m›m-Xy-K-th-j-I-cpsS

i≤ Cu hnj-b-Øn-te°v ]Xn-™p-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw l: AlvaZn(A)-

s‚ hmZ-ßƒ icn-sh-°p∂ \nc-h[n

Kth-j-W-^-e-ßƒ ]pd-Øp-h-∂p

sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

l: AlvaZv (A) ssIkvX-h-

X°v \¬Inb as‰mcp ]l-cw,

InkvXob hnizm-k-ßƒ°v hf-am-bn-

Øo¿∂n-cp∂ apkvenwI-fpsS sX

‰mb hnizm-k-ßƒ XncpØn F∂p-

≈-Xm-Wv. Cukm (A) acn-°msX

A√m-lp-hns‚ ASpØv Ccn-°p-∂p-

sh-∂pw, At±lw acn-®-hsc Pohn-

∏n-®p, ]£n-Isf krjvSn-®p, Ipcp-

S\v ImgvN \¬Ip-I-bpw, sh≈-

∏mfiv am‰p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sh∂pw

a‰p-ap≈ ssIkvXh hnizm-k-ßƒ

apkvenwIfpw sh®p-]pe¿Øp-∂-Xp-

Im-c-Ww, InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°v tbip-

hns‚ ZnhyXzw ÿm]n-°m≥ Gsd

Ffp -∏ -am -bn -cp -∂p. "a¿Ikp¬

_nimd' ]kn-≤o-I-cn® dh: mZ¿

sI.-sI. Ae-hn-bpsS "Hcp At\z-j-

W-Øns‚ A¥yw' F∂ ]pkvXIw

hmbn -°p -∂-h¿°v Cu Imcyw

Ffp∏w a\- n-em-°mw. l: AlvaZv

(A) hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\nse "apX

im_n-BØv' Bb hN-\-ß-fpsS

bmYm¿∞yw a\- n-em-°n-s°m-Sp-

Øp-sIm≠v, tbip-hns\ kw_-

‘n® AXn-i-tbm-‡n-]-c-amb hnizm-

k-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw apkvenw-Isf

c£n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. amX-a√ "ISp-

Ip-a-Wn-tbmfw hnizm-k-ap-≈-h¿°v

tbip ImWn® A¤p-X-ßƒ Im

Wn°mw' F∂ ss__nƒ hmIyw

FSpØp ImWn-®v, tbip sNbvX-

Xmbn InkvXym-\n-Iƒ tLmjn-

°p∂ A¤p-X-ßƒ kzbw ImWn-

®p-sIm-≠v, tbip-hns‚ ssZh-Xzhpw,

Xß-fpsS hnizm-khpw sXfn-bn-°p-

hm≥ ssIkvXh ]mXn-cn-amsc

hmKvZØ akolv sh√p-hn-fn-®-t∏mƒ

]mXn-cn-am¿ kvX_v[-cmbn ]n¥n-cn-

t™m-Sp∂ ImgvN-bmWv ImWp-hm≥

Ign-™-Xv. InkvXym-\n-I-fp-ambn

Hs´ms° ê-]-Z-ambn kwh-Zn-®p-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ AlvaZv ZoZmØv

apX¬ Fw.-Fw. AIv_¿ hsc-bp≈

apkvenw ]t_m-[-I¿ l: AlvaZn

s‚ (A)- hmZ-ap-J-ß-fn¬ Du∂n-

s°m-≠mWv Xß-fpsS hmZ-K-Xn-Iƒ

Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xv

F∂ bmYm¿∞yw ssIkvXh

]kn-≤o-I-c-W-ßƒ Xs∂ FSpØp

ImWn-°p-∂Xv ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bpw.

tbip-hns‚ A¤p-X-]-hrØn-

I-fpw Znhy-Zr-jvSm-¥-ßfpw sImń-

tLm-jn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂ ssIkvXh

]mXn-cn-am-cpsS apºn¬ l: AlvaZv

(A) Bflob ka-c -Øn -\p≈

Blzm\w apg-°n-b-t∏mƒ Hcmƒ

t]mepw AXn\v ss[cyw ImWn-®n√

F∂p-≈XmWv bmYm¿∞yw. Ckv

eman-s‚bpw apl-ΩZv (k)-bp-sSbpw

kXy-X-bv°p-≈ AS-bmfw ImWn-

°p-hm≥ Xm≥ Xøm-dm-sW-∂p≈

hnfw-_cw Gjy-bn-epw, bqtdm-∏n

epsa√mw Ahn-Sp∂v ]N-cn-∏n-°p-

Ibpw ssIkvXh temIsØ Ah-

cpsS Bflm-`n-am-\sØ tNmZyw

sNøp∂ coXn-bn¬ Blzm\w sN

bvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sh-

¶nepw ssIkvX-h-temIw au\-

209


Øns‚ amf-Øn-sem-fn-°p-I-bmWv

sNøp-I-bp-≠m-b-Xv. Ata-cn-°-bn¬

\n∂v Ae-Ivkm-≠¿ Uqbn Fs∂m-

cmƒ cwKØv h∂-t∏mƒ InkvXp-a-

X-Øns‚ ]cm-P-b-hpw, Ckvemans‚

hnP-bhpw hy‡-am-Ip∂ AXy-¤p-

X-I-c-amb Znhym¬`pXw shfn-s∏-Sp-

I-bp-ap-≠m-bn. ]kvXpX kw -hsØ

kw_-‘n-®pw, Bflo-b-k-a-c-Øn¬

Ckvemans\ ]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn® hm

KvZØ ako-ln\v DPz-e-hn-Pbw

kΩm-\n® ]h-N-\-ßƒ ]kn-≤-s∏-

Sp-Ønb 32 Hmfw ]X-ß-fp-sS t]cp-

Iƒ, ]kn-≤o-I-cn® XobXn kln

Xw Ahn-Sp∂v Xs‚ lJn-J-Øp¬

hlvbv (`mKw 72) F∂ KŸ-Øn¬

tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-≠v. ep[n-bm-\-bn¬

sh®v ssIkvX-h-]-fin-X-∑m-cp-ambn

Ahn-Sp∂v \S-Ønb 10 Znhkw \o≠

kwhmZw ssIkvXh tIµ-ß-fn¬

henb tImfn-f°w Xs∂ krjvSn-

°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. ]kvXpX kwhm-Z-

Øns‚ hni-Z-amb hnh-cWw hmKv

ZØ akolv Xs‚ "PwsK apJ-±kv'

F∂ hnJym-X-K-Ÿ-Øn¬ \¬In-bn-

´p-≠v.

apkvenw De-am-°-fpsS km£ywapkvenw De-am-°-fpsS km£ywapkvenw De-am-°-fpsS km£ywapkvenw De-am-°-fpsS km£ywapkvenw De-am-°-fpsS km£yw

temI-]-kn≤ ]fin-X-\pw,

C¥y-bpsS ]Ya hnZym- ymk a¥n-

bp-am-bn-cp∂ auem\m A_p¬

Iemw BkmZv ]d-bp∂p: ""an¿km

kmln-_ns‚ `mKØp \n∂pw

InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°pw Bcy kam-P-

°m¿°p-sa-Xn-cmbn Bhn-jvI-cn-°-

s∏- n- p≈ kmln-Xy-ßƒ s]mXp-P-

\-k-Ω-X-Øns‚ _ncpZw t\Sn-°-gn-

™-h-bm-Wv. At±lw Xs‚ ISa

]q¿Øn-bm-°nb Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬

B kmln-Xy-Øns‚ ta∑bpw al-

Xzhpw lrZ-b-]q¿∆w \mw kΩ-Xn-

t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. InkvXp-a-X-

Øns‚ t\¿°v At±-l-Øns‚

]Xym-I-aWw B aX-Øn∂p cW-

Øns‚ XW-en-em-bn-cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v

kn≤n-®n-cp∂ kzm[o-\i‡nsb

amX-a√, InkvXp-a-X-Øns‚ Poh

s\Øs∂bpw XI¿Øp-I-f-™n-cn-

°p-∂p. (Z-÷m-ens\ h[n-°p-sa∂

lZo-knse hnh-cWw kvacn-°pI:

teJ-I≥) ... hnhn[ aX-ßƒs°-Xn-

cmbn Ckvemans‚ ta∑ ÿm]n-

°p∂ Imcy-Øn¬ At±-l-Øn∂p

]tXy-I-amb ]mS-h-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

(h-°o¬ ]Xw 1908 Pq¨) hSs°

C¥y-bnse ]apJ ]fin-X\pw Zbq-

_¥n n¿J-bpsS kap-∂X ]fin-

X-\p-am-bn-cp∂ Aivd-ên Ym\-hn-

bpsS hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]cn-`m-j-

bpsS Bap-JØn¬ apkvenw ]fin-

X-∑m¿°v Inkv-Xym-\n-I-fpsS BI-

a-W-ßsf t\cn-Sp-∂-Xn¬ kw -hn®

]cm-P-b-ß-fpw, Ah-km\w l:

AlvaZp¬ JmZn-bm\n (A) cwKØv

h∂p-sIm≠v Ahsc t\cn´v ]cm-P-

b-s∏-Sp-Ønb Imcyhpw hy‡-amb

\ne-bn¬ ]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p-≠v.

A√mam- \n-bmkv X-lv]q-cn, apl-

ΩZv lpssk≥ _´m-ehn XpS-ßnb

\nc-h[n ]-fin-X-∑m¿ Cu Imcyw

G‰p-]-d-™n- p≠v.

kp\man Xnc-t]mse Ckveman

s‚ t\¿°v B™-Sn-®p-h∂ ssI

kvX-h-i‡n hmKvZØ akolv

krjvSn® ]Xn-tcm[ nØn-bn¬ Xń

Nn∂n®n-XdnbXv F]-Im-c-am-bn-cp-∂p-

sh-∂pw, 100 h¿jw ]n∂n´ Cu Ime-

L-´-Øn¬ AlvaZnøm ]ÿm-\-

Øns‚ apt∂-‰-Øns‚ apºn¬

ssIkvXh i‡n XI¿∂-Sn-™Xv

hnkva-b-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ thK-X-bn-em-bn-

cp-∂p-sh∂pw ImWp-hm≥ Ign-bpw.

"bph-Zn]w' F∂ ssIkvXh

amkn-I-bn¬ kptcjv hn. amXyp

"Ckvemans‚ \thm-∞m\w ]pXnb

sh√p-hn-fn-Itfm' F∂ teJ-\-Øn¬

]d-bp∂p: ""CkvemwaX]Nm-cWw

Gjy≥-˛-B-^n-°≥ cmPy-ß-fn¬

Hcp ]pXnb hgn-Øn-cn-hn¬ FØn-bn-

cn-°p-∂p. Cu ]pXnb sh√p-hn-fn-

Isf Gjy-bnse ssIkvXh tem

Iw Fßs\ ho£n°pw F∂Xv

Nn¥m¿l-amb hkvXp-X-b-sX. Cß-

s\-sbmcp \thm-∞m-\-Øns‚ in

ev]n-I-fn¬ ]ap-J¿ Al-Ω-Zob

apkvenw anj≥ F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp

cmPym-¥c kwL-S-\-b-sX. GXm≠v

35 cm-Py-ß-fn¬ (C∂v 186 cmPy-ß-

fn¬ AlvaZn-øm-an-j≥ ÿm]n-X-am-

bn-cn-°p-∂p.. teJ-I≥) ]c∂p InS-

°p∂ i‡-amb irwJ-e-I-fp≈

Cu ]ÿm-\ -Øns‚ ssien

InkvXob anj-\dn kwL-S-\-Iƒ°v

ka-am-Wv. Ckvemw aX-Ønse Al-

Ω-Zob ]ÿm-\-Øns‚ ÿm]-I-

\mb an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv In

kvXym-\n-I-fpsS anin-lm-bpw, Ckv

emanse hcp-hm-\p≈ alvZnbpw

Xm\m-sW∂p Ah-Im-i-s∏-´p. Hcp-

]s£ CXn¬\n-∂m-bn-cn -°Ww

InkvXp-a-XsØ Atß-b‰w FXn¿

°p-hm-\p≈ ]tNm-Z\w Ah¿°p

e`n-®-Xv. _e-]-tbm-K-Øn¬ IqSn-

b√ ]ns∂tbm ]kw-K-Øn-eq-sS-

bmWv CXv km[n-t°-≠Xv F∂

an¿km Kpemw AlvaZns‚ D]-tZiw

Ahsc Xo£vW-X-bp≈ anj-\-dn-am-

cm-°n-Øo¿Øp.'' temI-]-ikvX

kphn-ti-j-I-\mb _n√n Klmans\

sI-\n-b-bnse AlvaZnøm ap_√nKv

auehn ssiJv ap_m-dIv AlvaZv

kmln_v Bflo-b-k-a-c-Øn\v sh√p-

hn-fn-®Xpw _n√n-K-lm-ans‚ Hgn-™p-

am-‰hpw hnh-cn-°p-∂p-≠v ssI

kvXh teJ-I≥. tem-I-Øns‚

hnhn[ `mK-ß-fn¬ \S-°p∂ Ckv

emanI apt∂-‰-ßƒ hnh-cn®tijw

teJ \w Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-∂Xv C]-

Im-c-amWv: ""C∂p Xpd-°s∏Sp∂ Cu

cmPy-ß-fnse Aev]-am-sb-¶n-ep-ap≈

kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ hmXn-ep-Iƒ

Fs∂-t∂-°p-ambn AS-bp-hm≥

t]mIp-∂-Xns‚ iwJp-\m-Z-amtWm

CXv? Imew DØcw \¬Is´'' (bp-

K-Zo]w 1980 am¿®v) hmKvZØ akolv

krjvSn-®p-hn-ń-´p≈ CkvemanI

apt∂-‰-Øns‚ Xnc-am-e-I-fn¬ ssI

kvXh kphn-tijw amX-a√ In

kvXp-aXw Xs∂ Hgp-In-t∏m-Ip-sa∂

Imcy-Øn¬ kwi-b-an√.

"Ckvemw kwhmZw' F∂ hn

JymX ssIkvXh KŸ-Øn¬

apkvenw ]t_m-[-I-\m-bn-cp∂

AlvaZv ZoZm-Øpw, tPmkv aIvtUm-

h¬, tPm¨ Kn¬sK-bn‰v F∂o

210


ssIkvXh ]fin-X-∑m-cp-ambn

\S∂ kwhm-Z-Øns‚ hnh-c-W-amWv

AS-ßn-bn-´p-≈-Xv. ]kvXpX KŸ-

Øn¬ l: AlvaZn-t\bpw Alva

Znøm ]ÿm-\-sØbpw ]e-bn-

SØpw ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂Xp ImWmw.

Ipcnip kw`-hsØ kw_-

‘n® Jp¿-B≥ kq‡-ßƒ°v

AlvaZnøm Pam-AØv \¬Ip∂

hni-Zo-I-c-W-ßsf hne-bn-cp-Øn-

s°m≠v "Ckvemw kwhmZw' 168- mw

t]Pn¬ ]d-bp -∂Xp ImWpI:

""ta¬]-d™ thZ- m-K-ß-fpsS hym

Jym-\-Øn¬, ]mc-ºcy apkvenw

Nn¥m-K-Xnsb \nc-kn-°pI amX-a-

√, InkvXob hnizm-k-Øns‚ ASn-

Ø-dsbØs∂ XI¿°p∂ DK-amb

Hcp ]lcw Gev]n-°p-hm-\mWv

Ah¿ e£yw sh®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.''

bmYm-ÿn-XnI apkvenwI-fpam-

bp≈ AlvaZn-I-fpsS hnizm-k- n-∂-

X-Isf hne-bn-cp-Øn-s°m≠v ]

kvXpX KŸw XpS-cp∂p: ""Inkv

Xob hnizm-k-Øn-s\-Xn-cmbn Ckv

emans\ A\p-Iq-en-°p∂ D]-tZ-i-ß-

fn-emWv ][m-\-s∏´ hyXym-k-ßƒ

ImWp-∂-Xv. CXns‚ ImcWw Al-

Ω-Zob hn`mK°mcp-sStbm AYhm

JmZn-bm-\n-k-Øn-s‚tbm ][m\

khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ InkvXob hn-izm-

k-Øn-s\-Xn-cm-bp≈ Ah-cpsS Dd®

\ne-]mSmWv F∂-XmWv'' (t]Pv 171)

Ckvemw aX-]-t_m-[-\-cw-K-Øv,

]tXy-In®v ssIkvXh Jfi-\-

Øn¬ hnP-bn-®n-´p≈ apkvenw ]

fin-X-cp-s≠-¶n¬ Ah¿ l: Alv

aZn(A)-s‚ Bflob Dd-h-bn¬ \n∂v

ê-sa-Sp-Ø-h-cm-sW∂v hy‡-ambn

a\- n -em -°p -hm≥ km[n -°pw.

AlvaZv ZoZmØv apX¬ Fw.-Fw.

AIv_¿ hsc-bp-≈-h¿ ] kvXpX

KW-Øn¬s]-´-h-cm-sW∂v ImWp-

hm≥ Ign-bpw. B^n-°-bnse ]

t_m-[-I-\m-bn-cp∂ ZoZmØv Alv

aZnbm kmln-Xy-ßƒ hmbn-°p-I-

bpw, Hcp-thf Pam-A-Øn¬ ]th-in-

t°≠ L´-Øn-se-Øn-b-ti-jw,

X\n°v e`n® Cu ]pØ≥ Adn-hp-

I-fpsS hn]-W\ km[yX a\- n-

em°n qcn-]£ kaq-l-Øn¬ Xs∂

\ne-sIm-≈p-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv.

Ckvemw kwhm-Z-Øn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-

Øn-bXv ImWpI: ""InkvXym-\n-Iƒ

°pw apkvenwIƒ°pw th≠n JmZn-

bm\n kn≤m¥w hf¿Øn-s°m-≠p-

h-cp-hm-\mWv ZoZmØv ian-°p-∂Xv

F∂Xv hy‡-am-Wv. ZoZm Øns‚

eLp-teJ ]cn-tim-[n-®m¬, Xs‚

hmZ-ap-J-ßƒ ][m-\-ambpw Kpemw

AlvaZns‚ KŸ-Øn¬ \n∂pw IS

saSp-ØtXm A√m-Ø-]£w JmZn-

bm\n Fgp-Øp-Im-cs\ A\p-I-cn-

®tXm BsW∂v a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-

XmWv'' (t]Pv 172).

]kvXpX KŸ-Øn¬ ZoZm-

Øns\ AlvaZob Pam-A-Øns‚

A\p-bmbn F∂mWv hnti-jn-∏n-°p-

∂Xv (t]Pv 173) Cu ASp-Ø-Im-

eØv ae-bm-f-Øn-ep≈ Hcp ssI

kvXh ]kn-≤o-I-c-W-Øn¬ Fw.-Fw.

AIv_dpw ZoZmØpw JmZn-bm-\nkw

]N-cn-∏n-°p-I-bmWv F∂mWv Fgp-

Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

CXbpw hnh-cn-°p-hm≥ Im

cWw hmKvZØ ako-lns‚ ]h¿-

Ø-\-ßƒ FX-tØmfw Z÷m-en-

b≥ i‡n-Isf XI¿Øn- p-s≠-∂pw,

Ah-bpsS kzm[o\w FX-bp-s≠

∂pw hmb-\-°m-c≥ a\- n-em-°p-∂-

Xn-\p-th-≠n-bm-Wv. ""Cu \ocp-d-h-bn¬

\n∂v At\I¿ Pe-]m\w sNøp-∂Xv

Rm≥ ImWp∂p'' F∂ hmKvZØ

ako-lns‚ ]h-N\Øns‚ ]q¿Øo-

I-c-W-amWv \mw C∂v temIw apgp

s° I≠p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xv.

Hcp Ime-L- -Øn¬ tbip-hn-\p-

th≠n temIw shń-∏n-Sn-°p-hm≥ Cd-

ßn-∏p-d-s∏´ sKbn‰v _n -\nepw a‰p

bqtdm-]y≥ cm-Py-ß-fnepw Ipcn-ip-hn-

izm-k-Øns‚ ac-W-aWn apg-ßn-s°m-

≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Ggv tImSn A\p-

bm-bn-I-fp≈ Bw•n-°≥k-`-bpsS

Xe-h≥ Im‚¨_dn B¿®v _nj-

∏ns‚ ]kvXm-h\ Cu ASp-Ø-Im-

eØv tImfn-f°w krjvSn-°p-I-bp-

≠m-bn. dnt∏m¿ v C]-Im-c-amWv:

e≠≥: tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚

]p\-cp-∞m-\sØ kw_-‘n®v Im‚-

W-¨_dn B¿®v _nj∏v tPm¿Pv

Imcn-ßn\v kwi-bw. acn® tbip

Db¿sØ-gp-t∂-‰pthm F∂v Dd-∏n√

F∂mWv _nj-∏ns‚ kl-km_vZ

ktµ-i-Øn¬ ]d-bp∂Xv. 70 Zi-

e£w Bw•n-°≥ k`m-hn-izm-kn-I-

fpsS B≤ym-flnI BNm-cy-\mb

_nj∏v ]p\-cp-∞m-\-Øn¬ kwibw

]I-Sn-∏n-®Xv h≥hn-hm-Z-ap-b¿Øn-bn-

cn-°p-∂-Xmbn e≠-\nse "sabn¬'

]Xw ]d-bp-∂p. tbip Pohn-®n-cp-∂p-

sh∂pw Ipcn -in¬ Xd-°-s∏-´p -

sh∂pw Dd-∏m-sW∂pw F∂m¬

At±lw Dbn¿ sØ-gp-t∂-‰p-sh∂v

AX \n›-b-ambn \ap°v ]d-bm-\m-

hn-s√-∂p-amWv _nj-∏ns‚ \nco-£-

Ww. (am-Xr-`qan 2˛8˛99).

BNm-cys‚ Xncp-samgn Cßn

s\sb¶n¬ Ip™m-Sp-Iƒ Iq´-

tØmsS a‰p hgn tXSn-t∏m-Ip∂

Zriy-amWv Ahn-S-ß-fn¬ ImWp-∂-

Xv. G‰hpw ASp-Ø-Im-eØv \S∂

Hcp ]T\w shfn-s∏-Sp-Ønb hnh-c-

ßƒ hmbn-°p-I. ""Bw•n-°≥k`-

bpsS Iogn-ep≈ N¿®p-I-fn¬ h¿

jw tXmdpw GXm≠v 60 Hmfw FÆw

AS-®p-]q-´-s∏-Sp-∂p. _m°n-bp-≈-

hbpw Cu òj-Wn-bpsS \ng-en-em-

Wv. ]≈n-b-[n-Im-cn-I-fpsS A`n-

]mbw Rmb-dmgvN Ip¿_m-\°v

hcp-∂-h-cpsS FÆw Gdn-bm¬

]tØ hcq F∂m-Wv. "Zn CIven

tjym-f-Pn°-¬ skmssk‰n (TheEcclesiological Society) bpsS _n´-

\nse Bw•n-°¬ N¿®p-Isf∏‰n

\S-Ønb hni-Z-dn-t∏m¿´-\p-k-cn®v

\men-sem∂v N¿®p-I-fnepw ˛ G-

Xm≠v 4000-˛-N¿®p-I-fnepw Rmb-

dmgvN Ip¿_m-\-s°Øp-∂-h¿ Ccp-

]-Xn¬ IqSn-√. CtX ÿnXn-hn-

tijw XpS¿∂m¬ N¿®p-Iƒ apgp-

h≥ AS-®p-]q-t´≠n hcp-sa-∂mWv

ap∂-dn-bn-∏v.'' (t_m-[\w 2006 \hw-

_¿ Unkw-_¿ t]Pv 13) InkvXp-

211


a-XsØ At]-£n®v Ckvemw aX-

Øn\v D≠m-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂

apt∂‰w amXr- qan dwkm≥ ]Xn-∏n¬

Fgp-Xnb teJ-\-Øn¬ _nj∏v am¿

At]mw Xpd∂p kΩ-Xn-°p-I-bp-

≠mbn.

IAv_Øp-√m-bn¬ Ipcnip

\m´p-sa∂v hoc-hmZw apg-°nb ssI

kvXh ]mXn-cn-am-cpsS \mń¬ Ipcn-

ins‚ ac-W-aWn apg-ßp-I-bpw,

N¿®p-Iƒ AS-®p-]q-´p-Ibpw sNøp-

tºmƒ bqtdm-∏ns‚ ap°p-aq-e-I-fn¬

hmKvZØ ako-lns‚ hoc-tbm-≤m-

°ƒ Xulo-Zns‚ sImSn-\m-ń-s°m-

≠n-cn-°p∂ tcmam-©-P-\-I-amb

Zriy-ß-fmWv I≠p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-

Xv. Ata-cn-°-bn-epw, bqtdm-∏n-ep-

sa√mw Ckvemw AXn-ioLw ]N-

cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ hm¿Ø-I-fmWv

Zn\w-]-Xn-sb-t∂mWw temI-am-[y-a-

ß-fn¬ ]Xy-£-s∏- p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-

∂-Xv. ]m›m-Xy-\m-Sp-I-fnse Ckv

emanI apt∂-‰-Øn\v Np°m≥ ]nSn-

°p-∂Xv AlvaZnøm Pam-A-Øm-

sW∂ kXyw Im¥-]p-c-Øns‚

"kndmPv' apX¬ t_mws_-bnse

]kn-≤-amb "C≥Izn-em_v' ]Xw

hsc G‰p-]-d-bm≥ \n¿_-‘n-X-cm-bn-

cn-°p-∂p. "apkvenw sSen-hn-j≥

Alv aZnø' aptJ\ Pam-AØv \S-

Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ CkvemanI

tkh-\-ßsf A`n-\-µn -®p -sIm-

≠p≈ Ad_v cmPy-ß-fn¬ \n∂-S-

°-ap≈ C˛-sa-bn¬ ktµ-i-ßƒ

Fw. -Sn . -F. Hmô -kn¬ Ip∂p -

IqSns°m≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

`qcn-]£ apkvenw ]fin-X∑m

cpsS ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°pw, ]t_m-

[-\-i-a-ßƒ°pw e`n-°mØ hnPbw

ssIkvXh kn≤m-¥-ßƒs°-Xn-

cn¬ F¥p-sIm≠v AlvaZnøm Pam-

A-Øns‚, _mly-ho-£-W-Øn¬

\n m-c-sa∂v tXm∂n-tb-°mhp∂

]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v e`n-°p∂p F∂

Imcyw Hmtcm apkvenapw Nn¥n-®p-

t\m-t°-≠-Xt√? ssZh-]p-X-hm-Z-

Øn-s\-Xn-cn¬ temIm-\p-K-ln-bmb

apl-ΩZv apkvX^ (k) Xncp-ta\n

Db¿Ønb DPz-e-amb sXfnhv tbip-

hns‚ ac-W-am-bncp-∂p. temI-N-cn-X-

Øn¬ BZy-ambn \S∂ apkvenw -In-

kvXy≥ kwhm-Z-Øn\v t\XrXzw

\¬In-bXv A√m-lp-hns‚ ]hm-N-

I¿ (k) Xs∂bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂

kXyw A`n-\h kwhmZho-c-∑m¿ a\-

n-em-°n-bn- pt≠m Bthm!! \Pvdm-

\nse ssIkvXh ]fin-X-∑m-cp-

ambn \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n (k) \S-Ønb

kwhm-Z-Øns‚ hnh-c-ßƒ Ckveman-

I-N-cn-X-K-Ÿ-ß-sf√mw tcJ-s∏-Sp-

Øn-bn- p-≈-Xm-Wv. (Xz_vcn, C_v\p-

C-kvlm-Jv, C_v\p-ap¿Zn¿)

tbip ssZh-]p-X-\msW∂v

hmZn® ssIkvX-h-kw-L-tØmSv

\_n-Xn-cp-ta\n tNmZn-®p: ""Hcp

]pX\pw Ahs‚ ]nXm-hn-t\mSv kZr-

i-\m-hm-Xn-cn-°n√ F∂v \nßƒ°-dn-

bnt√?''

Ah¿ ]d™p: Adn-bmw.

\_n: ""\ΩpsS d∫v Hcn°-epw

ac-W-an-√mØ \nXy-Po-h-\msW∂pw

Cukm (A)°p \miw kw`-hn®p

F∂pw \nßƒ°-dn-bnt√?''

Ah¿ ]d™p: Adn-bmw. (]-

t_m-[\w 18-˛8-˛01) ChnsS "^\m'

F∂ hm°v D]-tbm-Kn-®p-sIm≠v

InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°v adp-sØm-c-£cw

]d-bm≥ Ah-kcw \¬ImsX tbip

acn-®p At±-l-Øns‚ uXn-I-i-cocw

`qan-bn¬ ebn-®n-√m-sX-bmbn F∂

kXy-amWv \_n-Xn-cp-ta\n D¬tLm-

jn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. hmKvZØv akolv

l: AlvaZpw (A) Cu Hcp kXy-

amWv temI-Øns‚ apºn¬ sh®n-

´p-≈-Xv. At±lw apkvenwIsf kw

t_m-[\ sNbvXp-sIm≠v ]d™p:

""tbip-hns\ \nßƒ acn-°p-hm≥

hnSpI; Ckvemw Pohn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-

th≠n''. Npc-p°-Øn¬ Cukm-\_n

(tb-ip) a\p-jy-km-[m-c-W-amb \ne-

bn¬ acn-®n-cn-°p-∂psh∂ Jp¿-B-\n-

I-kXyw Db¿Øn-∏n-Sn-®p-sIm≠v

amXta ssIkvX-h-Xsb t\cn-Sp-

hm\pw Ckvemans\ temIØv hnP-

bn-∏n-°p-hm\pw Ignbq F∂ kXyw

Xncn-®-dn-tb-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. hen-sbm-

cp-hn-`mKw apkvenw ]fin-X¿ Cu

kXyw Adn-bp-∂-h-cm-bn-cn-s°-X-s∂,

AlvaZnøm apkvenw Pam-A-Øn-t\m-

Sp≈ hntcm[w Imc-Ww, km[m-c-W-

°m-cn¬ \n∂v Cu Imcyw ad-®p-sh-

°p-I-bm-Wv.

CkvemanI hnP--b-Øns‚ kp

h¿Æ-\m-fp-Iƒ ImWm≥ AlvaZnøm

apkvenw Pam-AØv \S-Øn-s°m-≠n-

cn-°p∂ BtKmf kwcw-`-Øn¬

klmbn-I-fm-bn-s°m-≠v, dkq¬

Xncp-ta\n (k)-bpsS hkn-bØv \nd-

th-‰m≥ apt∂m- p-h-c-W-sa∂v apkvenw

ktlm-Z-c-∑msc Blzm\w sNbvXp-

sIm≠v Cu hcn-Iƒ Ah-km-\n-∏n-

°p-I-bm-Wv.

tIm]sØ AXn-h¿Øn-°p∂ ImcpWywtIm]sØ AXn-h¿Øn-°p∂ ImcpWywtIm]sØ AXn-h¿Øn-°p∂ ImcpWywtIm]sØ AXn-h¿Øn-°p∂ ImcpWywtIm]sØ AXn-h¿Øn-°p∂ ImcpWyw

A_q lpssd-d-bn¬ \n∂p \nth-Z\w: Xncp-

ta\n (k) Acpfn: "krjvSn∏ns‚ Imcyw

A√mlp \n¿∆-ln®p Ign-™-t∏mƒ "Fs‚

ImcpWyw Fs‚ tIm]sØ Ih-®p-sh°pw'

F∂v Xs‚ ]°-ep≈ Htc-Sn¬ A√mlp Fgp-

Xn-sh®p: BcpsS knwlm-k-\(-A¿iv)-Øns‚

apI-fn-te°v Ah≥ kq£n-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv

(_p-Jm-cn)(_p-Jm-cn)(_p-Jm-cn)(_p-Jm-cn)(_p-Jm-cn)

212


1849-˛¬ ]©m_v _nójv `c-

W-Øn¬ Iogn-em-bn. A∂sØ

]©m_v F∂m¬ JmZn-bm≥ Dƒs∏-

Sp∂ C∂sØ C≥Uy-bnse

]©m_v kwÿm-\-a-√. Iptd qhn-

`mKw Ct∏m-gsØ ]mIn-ÿm-\n-epw,

a‰p Ipd-®p-`mKw C≥Uy-bn-ep-am-bn-

cp∂p A∂sØ Ahn-`-‡-`m-c-X-

Ønse ]©m-_v. emtlmdpw a‰pw

A∂v ]©m-_ns‚ mK-am-bn-cp-∂p.

Cw•o-jvIm-cpsS A[n-Imcw Dd-

∏n-°-s∏- -tXmsS lZvdØv AlvaZn

(A)-s‚ ]nXm-hn-\v, Xs‚ kzØp-°-

fn¬ A[n-I-`m-Khpw \jvS-s∏-´p.

Kh¨sa≥dv B kzsØ√mw GI-

]-£o-b-ambn ]nSn-s®-Sp-°p-I-bm-Wp-

≠m-b-Xv. HSp-hn¬ JmZn-bm\pw Nne

]cn-k-c-Km-a-ßfpw amXta At±-l-

Øns‚ A[o-\-X-bn-ep--≠m-bn-cp-∂p-

≈q.

Xs‚ \jvS-s∏´ kzØp-°ƒ

hos≠-Sp-°m≥ At±lw Pohn-X-Im-

e-a-Xbpw ian-®p. AXn-\p-th≠n \S-

Ø-s∏´ hyh-lm-c-ßƒ°mbn amXw

hfsc henb XpI-I-fmWv A∂v Hgp-

In-t∏m-b-Xv. GI-tZiw A°m-eØv

CXn\p amXw Fgp-]-Xn-\m-bncw cq]

Xs‚ ]nXmhv sNe-hgn-®-Xmbn

lZvdØv AlvaZv (A) Xs∂

]kvXm-hn-®n- p-≠v. H∂c \q‰m-≠n\p

apºp≈ Cu XpI-bpsS C∂sØ

aqeyw tImSn-°-W-°n\p cq]°p

Xpey-am-hpw.

kzØp-k-ºm-Z-\-Øntem hyh-

hmKvZØ ako-lns‚ Pohn-X-NnXwhmKvZØ ako-lns‚ Pohn-X-NnXwhmKvZØ ako-lns‚ Pohn-X-NnXwhmKvZØ ako-lns‚ Pohn-X-NnXwhmKvZØ ako-lns‚ Pohn-X-NnXwteJ\ ]c-ºc ˛ 2teJ\ ]c-ºc ˛ 2teJ\ ]c-ºc ˛ 2teJ\ ]c-ºc ˛ 2teJ\ ]c-ºc ˛ 2

lZvdØv AlvaZn(A)- s‚ bu∆-\-ImewG.-Iyp. alvZnG.-Iyp. alvZnG.-Iyp. alvZnG.-Iyp. alvZnG.-Iyp. alvZn

Bflo-b-[-\y-amb lZvdØv AlvaZns‚ buh-\-Im-e-sØ-∏‰nBflo-b-[-\y-amb lZvdØv AlvaZns‚ buh-\-Im-e-sØ-∏‰nBflo-b-[-\y-amb lZvdØv AlvaZns‚ buh-\-Im-e-sØ-∏‰nBflo-b-[-\y-amb lZvdØv AlvaZns‚ buh-\-Im-e-sØ-∏‰nBflo-b-[-\y-amb lZvdØv AlvaZns‚ buh-\-Im-e-sØ-∏‰n

lm-c-ß-fntem sX√pw Xmev]-cy-ap--≠m-

bn-cp-∂n-√, lZvdØv AlvaZn-(A)-\v.

F∂n-´pw, Xs‚ Cu ]hrØn ˛

tIkv \SØn kzØp-°ƒ XncnsI

hmß¬ ˛ XpS¿∂p \S-Øn, IpSpw-

_-Øns‚ bi v hos≠-Sp-°p-∂-

Xn\v, c≠m-asØ aI-\mb Kpemw

AlvaZv F∂ lZvdØv AlvaZns\

Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øm-\mWv B ]nXmhv

BK-ln-®-Xv. F∂m¬ lZvdØv

AlvaZn(A)s‚ A`n-em-j-ßfpw

A`n-\n-th-i-ßfpw XnI-®pw hyXy-

kvX-am-bn-cp-∂p. kº-tØm, ÿm\-

am-\-ß-tfm, Io¿Øn-tbm, ]Xm-]tam

H∂pw At±lw sX√pw C—n-®n-√.

Bcmepw Adn-b-s∏-Sm-sX, Bscbpw

Ae-´m-sX, GIm-¥-kp-µ-chpw

[ym\-\n-c-X-hp-amb Hcp im¥-Po-hnXw

\bn-°m≥ At±lw BK-ln-®p.

F-∂m¬t∏mepw \nb-Xn-bpsS

\n›bw AXm-bn-cp-∂p, ]nXm-hns‚

CwKn-Xhpw lnXhpw A\p-k-cn®v

]h¿Øn-°m≥ _m[y-ÿ-\m-hpI

F∂-Xv. Xs‚ A\njvSw ]I-Sn-∏n-

®p-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ lZvdØv AlvaZv

(A) ]nXmhv G¬∏n® ]hr-Øn-Iƒ

Gs‰-Sp-Øp. hyh-lm-c-ßƒ \S-

Øm\pw Irjn-Im-cy-ß-fpsS ta¬

t\m´w hln-°m\pw At±lw \n¿

_-‘n-X-\m-bn-Øo¿∂p. Cu Bh-

iym¿∞w At±-l-Øn\p ]e ÿe-

ß-fn-tebv°pw bmX-Iƒ sNtø≠n

h∂p. ]e-t∏mgpw emtlm¿, sU¬

lukn XpS -ßnb ÿe-ß-fn -

tebv°v ÿnc-ambn At±-l-Øn\p

t]mtI≠n h∂n-cp-∂p.

hf-sc-b-[nIw kzØp-h-I-Iƒ

D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬ [mcmfw tI p-

Ifpw \SØm\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. hyh-

lm-c-ß-fp-ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿

an°-hmdpw kXy-k-‘-X°v hne-

I¬∏n-°m-dn-√-t√m. IpX-¥-hpw,

NXn-bpw, I≈-Ø-chpw sIm≠mWv

A[n-I-am-fp-Ifpw hnPbw t\Sm≥

ian-°m-dp-≈-Xv. F-∂m¬ Chn-sS,

Xs‚ h¿Ø-am-\-Im-esØ tImS-Xn-

I-fp-ambn _‘-s∏-´v, A∂sØ

temI-Øns‚ icn-bm-sbmcp NnXw

lZvdØv AlvaZv (A) t\m°n-°m-

W-W-sa-∂Xv ssZhn-I-\n-›-b-am-bn-cp-

∂p. tImS-Xn-I-fp-amb-p≈ _‘-Øn-

eqsS euIn-I-t\-´-ßƒ°p th≠n

a\p-jy¿ Im´p∂ h©-\bpw I≈-

Ø-chpw At±-l-Øn\p t\cn- p-I-≠-

dn -bm≥ Ign -™p. FX-amXw

CØcw kml-N-cy-ß-tfmSv ASp-

t°≠n h∂p-thm, AX-b-[nIw Cu

Ah-ÿ-I-tfmSv At±-l-Øn\p

ISpØ hnc‡n tXm-∂p-Ibpw sN

bvXp.

Hcn-°¬, Hcp ][m\ tIkv

kw_-‘n®v lZvdØv AlvaZv (A)

emtlm-dn¬ Xma-kn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-

∂p. At∏mƒ \S∂ Hcp kw`-hw,

Xs∂ G¬∏n® Cu ]pXnb Npa-X-

e-I-tfm-Sp≈ At±-l-Øns‚ A\n

jvSw hy‡-ambn ]I-S-am-°p∂

H∂m-bn-cp-∂p.

213


At±lw At∏mƒ emtlm-dn¬

Xma-kn-®n-cp∂Xv kønZv apl-ΩZv

Aenjm F∂ Hcp am\ys‚ hoń-

em-bn-cp-∂p. apl-Ω-Z-enjm Xs‚

`rXy≥ aptJ\ lZvdØv AlvaZn

(A)\v tImS-Xn-bn-tebv°v £Ww

sImSp-Ø-b-°m≥ G¿∏mSp sNbvXn-

´p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. A∂v £-W-hp-ambn

h∂ rXys\ At±lw aS°n Ab-

®n´v, Xm≥ hoń¬ h∂v Blmcw

Ign-®p-sIm-≈m-sa∂p Adn-bn-®p.

tImS-Xn-bn¬ \n∂v ]k-∂-h-Z-

\-\m-bn, kt¥m-j-]q¿∆-amWv A∂-

t±lw apl-Ω-Zen jmbpsS hoń-se-

Øn-t®¿∂-Xv. lpkq-dns‚ kt¥m-

j-`mhw I≠-t∏mƒ jm kmln_v

tNmZn-®p.

""At∏mƒ tI v Pbn®p

At√...?''

""C√...'' Nncn-®p-sIm-≠mWv

lZvdØv AlvaZv adp-]Sn ]d-™-Xv.

""C√... tI v tXm‰n-cn-°p-∂p...''

apl-Ω-Zen jm A¤p-X-s∏-´p.

km[m-c-W-K-Xn-bn¬ henb tI p-I-

fn¬ ]cm-Pbw t\cn-Sp-tºmƒ D≠m

Imdp-≈Xv \ncm-ibpw ZpxJ-hp-am-Wv.

Chn-sS, ]nXm-hn\p henb kmº-

ØnI \jvShpw IpSpw-_-Øn\v

Zp¿`m-Kyhpw hcp-Øn-h-bv°p-∂-Xm-bn-

´p-t]mepw Cu tXm¬hn-bn¬ Ncn-

X-]p-cp-j\v ZpxJtam \ncm-itbm

A√ tXm∂n-bn-cn-°p∂Xv, ]XypX

hyh-lm-c-Øn¬ tXm‰p-sh-¶nepw

]nXmhv G¬∏n® ISa \nd-th-‰n-

sb∂ hnizm-k-hpw, X\n-°n\n

sskzc-ambn ssZh-kva-c-W-bnepw ]T-

\-ß-fnepw apgp-Im-sa∂ BÀm-Z-hpw.

lZvdØv AlvaZn\v(A) Ccp-]-

Øt©m ap∏tXm hb v ]mb-ap-≈-

t∏m-gp≈ Hcp kw -h-am-Wv. At±-l-

Øns‚ ]nXmhpw IpSn-bm-∑mcpw

XΩn¬, ]m´-`q-an-bnse Hcp hr£w

apdn -°p-∂Xv kw_-‘n®p Hcp

tI p-≠m-bn. acw P∑n-bp-sS amXw

kzØm-sW∂pw IpSn-bm-∑m¿°v

AXn¬ bmsXm-c-h-Im-i-hp-an√ F∂p-

am-bn-cp∂p ]nXm-hns‚ \ne-]m-Sv. IpSn-

bm-∑m¿s°-Xn-tc-bp≈ tI v \S-

Øp-hm≥ ]nXmhv lZvdØv Alva

Zn(A)s\ c≠p km£n-I-tfm-sSm∏w

Kpcp-Zmkv]qcn-tebv°v Ab-®p. t]m

Ipw-hgn lZvdØv AlvaZv (A)

km£n-I-tfmSp ]d-™p:

""_m∏ Bh-iy-an-√m-sX-bmWv

Cu Imcy-Øn¬ hnj-an-°p-∂-Xv.

Rm≥ Icp-Xp∂Xv, IpSnbm-∑m¿ \S-

Øp∂ Irjn-t]mseØs∂ Ahn-

SsØ hr£-ßfpw Ah¿°p-IqSn

Ah-Im-i-s∏- Xp Xs∂-bm-Wv. Ah-

cm-Is´ km[p-Ir-jn-°m-cp-am-Wv;

kz¥-ambn Irjn-`q-an-bn-√m-Ø-h¿.

B km[p-°ƒ hr£w apdn-s®-Sp-°p-

∂-Xn¬ Rms\mcp sX‰pw ImWp-∂n-

√. AXn-\m¬ acw \Ωp-tSXp amX-

am-sW∂p tImS-Xn-bn¬ ]d-bm≥

Rm≥ Xøm-d-√, \ap-°pw-IqSn `mKn-

I-ambn Ah-Im-i-ap-s≠∂p amXta

Rm≥ ]d-bp-I-bp-≈q....''

FXn¿I-£n-I-fmbn IpSn-bm-

∑mcpw tImS-Xn-bn¬ lmP-cp-≠m-bn-

cp-∂p. aPn-kvtS- v, ]Xn-°q- n¬ \n∂

B km[p-°sf hnkvX-cn-°m≥

Bcw-`n-®p. hmZn-bmb an¿km km

ln_v Xs∂ bYm¿∞ hkvXpX

]d-bp-sa-∂mWv IpSn-bm-∑m¿ tImS-

Xnsb Adn-bn-®-Xv. lZvdØv Alv

aZn(A)s‚ \ne-]mSp B km[p

IpSn-bm-∑m¿°v \√-Xp-t]mse Adn-

bm-am-bn-cp-∂n-cn-°-Ww.

hmZn-bmb lZvdØv AlvaZns‚

samgn, tImSXnsb A¤p-X-s∏-Sp-

Øn.

""Rm≥ IcpXp∂Xv, Irjn-bn-S-

Ønse hr£-ßfpw Irjn-t]mse

Xs∂-bm-Wv. Irjn-bn¬ CXp-t]m-

ep≈ mKn-I-amb Ah-Imiw amXta

hr£-ß-fpsS taepw Rßƒ°p-

≈q....''

B samgn-b-\p-k-cn®v IpSn-bm-

∑m¿°p A\p-Iq-e-amb tImS-Xn-hn[n

D≠m-bn.

JmZn-bm-\n¬ aS-ßn-sb-Øn-b-

t∏mƒ kw -h-a-dn™v ]nXmhv At±-

lsØ hf-sc-b-[nIw iIm-cn-°p-

Ibpw sNbvXp.

as‰m-cn-°¬, IpSpw-_-kz-Øn¬

s]´ qan-bn¬ hoSp-≠m-°n-b-Xn\v Hcp

lnµp-k-tlm-Z-c-s\-Xn-tc, Xs‚

aI≥ kp¬Øm≥ AlvaZv sIm

SpØ Hcp tI n¬ lZvdØv AlvaZv

Xs∂ km£n-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Xs‚

km£n-samgn aI\pw X\n-°p-X-

s∂bpw hºn® \jvSap-≠m-°p-∂-

Xm-bn -cn -°p -sa∂v Adn -™n´pw

At±lw kXy-h-kvXpX tImS-Xn-

bn¬ Xpd-∂p-]-d-™p. Aßs\ ]d-

™m¬ tIkv tXm¬°p-sa∂v

h°o¬ ap∂-dn-bn∏p \¬In-bn-cp-∂-

Xm-Wv. lZvdØv AlvaZns‚ samgn

D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øn, FXn¿I-£n-

bmb ]Xn- mKw hnPbw t\Sp-Ibpw

sNbvXp. Chn-sS-bm-Is´ \oXn, ]Xn-

`mKw F∂p Icp-Xp-∂-h-cpsS `mK-

Øm-bn-cp-∂p-Xm-\pw.

hyh-lm-c-]-c-amb I¿Ø-hy-ß-

fn¬ G¿s∏-´p-sIm≠v Cßs\

kabw Nne-h-gn-t°≠n h∂p-sh-

¶nepw ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ ISa \n¿h-

ln-°p∂ Imcy-Øn¬ B ]pWym-

flmhv H´pw hogvN-h-cp-Øn-bn-cp-∂n-√.

tI v hnkvXmcw \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-

cns° Xs∂ \a-kvIm-c-k-a-b-a-Sp-

Øm¬, AXp \n¿h-ln-°p-∂-Xn\v

At±lw Xnc-°p-Iq-´p-am-bn-cp-∂p.

tImS-Xn-bn¬, At±-l-Øns‚ t]cp

hnfn-°p-tºmƒ ]e-t∏mgpw At±lw

]m¿∞\ A\p-jvTn-°p-I-bm-bn-cn-

°pw. \a-kvImcw \S-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-

s°-Xs∂ tImSXn At±-l-Øn\p

A\p-Iq-e-amb hn[n-]-kvXmhw \S-

Ønb kw`-h-ßfpw D≠m-bn-´p-≠v.

B hn[n-Iƒ°m-[m-c-amb tIkp-I-

fn¬ \oXn At±-l-Øns‚ mK-Øm-

bn-cp-∂pXm\pw.

B[p-\n-I-Im-eØpw GsXmcp

]nXmhpw BK-ln-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse

lZvdØv AlvaZn-s\bpw Hcp k¿

°m¿ tPmen-bn¬ ]th-in-∏n°-W-

sa∂v B ]nXm-hn\pw D¬°-S-amb

BK-l-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. uXn-I-amb

Hcp A`n-hr-≤n-tam-lhpw C√m-sX,

214


Xs‚ ]pX≥ Jp¿B\pw lZo-kp-

I-fp-ambn _‘-s∏´p Ign-™p-Iq-Sp-

∂-Xn¬ ]nXm-hn\p hnj-a-ap-≠m-bn-cp-

∂p. Hcp Kh¨sa‚ v tPmen kºm-

Zn-°-W-sa∂v ]nXmhv ]e-XhW

DW¿Øp-I-bp-≠m-sb-¶nepw lZvd

Øv AlvaZn\v AXn¬ H´pw Xmev]-

cy-ap-≠m-bn-√.

Hcn-°¬, an¿km Kpemw ap¿

Xkm kmln-_n\p kp]-cn-Nn-X\mb

Hcp Db¿∂ _nójv DtZym-K-ÿ≥

Kpcp-Zm-kv]q¿ kµ¿in-®-t∏mƒ,

AXp-Xs∂ Hcp kph¿Æm-h-kcw

F∂p IcpXn aI\v \s√mcp DtZym

Kw hmßn-s°m-Sp-°m-sa∂ BK-l-

tØmsS At±lw lZvdØv AlvaZn-

s\ hnh-c-a -dn -bn -®p. Bflob

hn⁄m-\-Øns‚ AKm-[-X-bn¬

apßn-Ø∏n a\p-jy-k-aq-l-Øn\v

kw`m-h\ sNøm-\mbn Aaq-ey-ß-

fmb XØz-ap-Øp-Iƒ s]dp-°n-°q- p-

I -bm -bn -cp∂ B bph-` -‡≥,

At∏mƒ adp-]Sn \¬In-bXv C]-Im-

c-am-bn-cp-∂p:

""Rm≥ G¿s∏-tS≠ tPmen-

bn¬ CXm G¿s∏´p Ign-™n-cn-°p-

∂p....''

CsXm-∂pw-sIm≠v B ]nXmhv

AS-ßn-bn√; At±lw Xs‚ iaw

XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. ]pXs‚

`mhn-sb-°p-d-n®v At±-l-Øn-\p-≠mb

D¬°WvT XnI®pw kzm`m-hn-I-am-W-

t√m.

A\n-jvS-s∏-ń-s√-¶nepw Hcp

Kh¨sa‚ v tPmen-bp-ambn lZvdØv

AlvaZv _‘-s∏-S-W-sa-∂Xpw

ssZh-ln-X-am-bn-cp-∂n-cn-°-Ww. ]nXm-

hns‚ A\p-kyq-Xhpw hm¬k-ey-

\n¿`-c-hp-amb kΩ¿±-ßƒ°p hg-

ßn, HSp-hn¬ At±-lw, 1863-˛¬

knbm¬tIm´v It®-cn-bn¬ Hcp

¢¿°mbn tPmen-bn¬ ]th-in-®p.

A∂-t±lw 28 hb- p≈ Hcp bphm-

hm-bn-cp-∂p.

Iptd h¿j-ßƒ At±lw

Xs‚ Cu DtZym-K-Øn¬ XpS-cp-I-

bp-≠m-bn.

DtZym-K-Im-eØv tae-[n-Im-cn-I-

fpsS ]cn-]q¿Æ-kvt\-lhpw Xr]v

Xnbpw At±lw Ic-ÿ-am-°n. taep-

tZym-K-ÿ-∑m-cp-ambn aX-]-c-amb

kwhm-Z-ß-fn-te¿s∏-Sm≥ At±lw

aSn-®n-cp-∂n-√. Ckvemw aX kn≤m-

¥-ßsf ITn-\-ambn hna¿in-®n-cp∂

]fin‰v klPvdmw F∂ t]cp≈

Hcp taep-tZym-K-ÿ≥ AØ-c-Øn-

sem-cm-fm-bn-cp-∂p. HutZym-Kn-I-`m-

hnsb A]-I-S -Øn-em-°p-sa-∂-

Xn\m¬ taep-tZym-K-ÿ-∑m-cp-ambn

Hcn-°epw X¿°n-°m≥ \n¬°-cp-

sX∂v kplr-Øp-°fpw _‘p-°

fpw D]-tZ-in-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw lZv

dØv AlvaZv AsXm∂pw Imcy-am-

°n-bn-√.

knbm¬tIm´v DtZym-K-hp-ambn

Ign-bp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂-t∏mƒ At±lw

km[p-°-sfbpw AK-Xn-I-sfbpw

AXn-cp-hn´v klm-bn-®p-t]m-∂p.

AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ In´p∂ iºfw

sNe-hn\p-t]mepw XnI-bmsX h∂p.

]nXmhp amkw tXmdpw IqSp-X¬

]Ww Ab-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-∂Xp amX-

am-bn-cp∂p A∂v At±-l-Øn\p

Bizm-k-am-b-Xv.

Xs‚ DtZym-K-ÿm-h-ÿ-sb-

∏‰n At\z-jn® Hcm-tfmSv lZvdØv

AlvaZv Hcn-°-en-ßs\ ]d-bp-I-bp-

≠m-bn.

""F\n-°n-hnSw Hcp XS-h-d-bmbn

tØm∂p-∂p....''

At±lw as‰m-cn-°¬ ]kvXm-

hn-®p:

""kaq-l-Øn¬ H‰-s∏´pw Bƒ

°q- -Øn¬ GI-\mbpw BWv Rm≥

A°mew Ign-®p-Iq- n-b-Xv.....''

Hmôkv tPmen Ign-™m¬

At±lw Xs‚ hmS-I-ap-dn-bn¬ GI-

\mbn Ign-™p-Iq-SpI ]Xn-hm-bn-cp-

∂p. Hcn-°¬, At±lw Aßs\

hmXn-e-S®v sNøp-∂-sX-s¥-∂-dn-

bm≥ Nne¿°v IuXp-I-ap-≠m-bn. B

alm-flmhv \neØp hncn® Hcp

Im¿∏-‰n\p apI-fn-en-cp-∂v, Jp¿-B≥

Xpd-∂p-h-®p-sIm-≠v, Jp¿B\nI

⁄m\-Øn\p th≠n ]m¿∞n-®p-

sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ ImgvN-bmWv Ah¿

I≠-Xv. B›-cy-`-cn-X-cmb Ah¿

At±-l-Øn¬ AXy-[nIw BIr-jvS-

cm-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ccn-°p-

tºm-gpw, \n¬°p-tºm-gpw, \S-°p-

tºmƒ t]mepw lZvdØv AlvaZv

(A) Jp¿-B≥ HmXn-s°m-≠n-cn-°m-

dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw, `‡n-]m-c-

hiyw aqew Jp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bWw

sNøp-tºmƒ Ic-bm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-

sh∂pw knbm¬tIm´v Xma-k-°m-

eØv At±-l-hp-ambn hfsc ASpØv

_‘w ]pe¿Øn-bn-cp∂ Bfpw

tUmIvS¿ k¿ apl-ΩZv CIv_m-

ens‚ Kpcp- q-X-\p-am-bn-cp∂ auem\m

ao¿ lk≥ kmln_v \nth-Z\w

sNbvXn- p-≠v.

"kao-µm¿' ]X-Øns‚ ÿm]-

I-\pw, lZvdØv AlvaZp-ambn ASp

Ø _‘w ]pe¿Øn-bn-cp∂ hy‡n-

bp-am-bn-cp∂ auehn kndm-Pp-±o≥

AlvaZv C]-Imcw ]d-bp-I-bp-≠m-bn.

""an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv km

ln_v buh-\-Im-eØp Xs∂ XnI

™ "kmenlpw', "apØJn'bpw Bb

Hcp _lp-am\y hy‡n Bbn-cp-∂p.

DtZym-K-kw-_-‘-amb tPmen Ign-

™m¬ apgp-h≥ ka-b-hpw, aX-Im-

cy-ßƒ°mWv At±lw hn\n-tbm-Kn-

®n-cp-∂-Xv....''

lZvdØv AlvaZv knbm¬

tIm´v It®-cn-bn¬ DtZymKw hln-

®p-sIm-≠n-cn-s°, apl-ΩZv kmenlv

F∂p t]cmb Hcp Ad-_n, \K-c-

Øn¬ hcn-I-bp-≠m-bn. Abmƒ Hcp

hntZ-i-Nm-c-\m-sW∂ kwi-b-Øn¬

UnkvSnIvSv aPn-kvtS- ns‚ apºmsI

lmP-cm-°-s∏-´p. anÃ¿ Kn≥°≥

k¨ F∂ [zc-bm-bn-cp∂p aPn-kvtS-

´v. At±-l-Øn\v Ad-_n-`mj Adn-

bn-√m-bn-cp-∂p. lZvdØv AlvaZn-s\-

bmWv A∂p Zzn`m-jn-bmbn \n›-bn-

®Xv. At±-l-am-I-s´, Xs‚ I¿Ø

hyw kk-t¥mjw kvXpXy¿ l-ambn

\n¿h-ln-°bpw sNbvXp.


215


cmjvS-sØ-bmWv kaq-l-cmjvS-sØ-bmWv kaq-l-cmjvS-sØ-bmWv kaq-l-cmjvS-sØ-bmWv kaq-l-cmjvS-sØ-bmWv kaq-l-sØ-b√ sk°p-e-ssdkvsØ-b√ sk°p-e-ssdkvsØ-b√ sk°p-e-ssdkvsØ-b√ sk°p-e-ssdkvsØ-b√ sk°p-e-ssdkv

sNtø-≠XvsNtø-≠XvsNtø-≠XvsNtø-≠XvsNtø-≠Xv

aX-amWv Hcp cmPy-Øns‚

tZiob kwkvImcw \n¿W-bn-°p-∂-

sX∂pw ]ucs‚ aXw amdp-tºmƒ

tZio-b-X-bpsS ka-hm-Iy-ßƒ amdp-

sa∂pw aX-cm-jvS-hm-Zn-Iƒ b-s∏-Sp-

∂p. aX-kw-kvImcw kaq-l-Øn-\m-

hmw. ]t£, cmjvSw aX-ap-‡-am-bn-

cn-°-Ww. cmjvS-Øns‚ N´-°qSpw

tZiob kwkvIm-chpw AXns‚ Nn

”-ßfpw sk°p-e¿ AYhm atX-

X-chp-ambncn-°-Ww. aXw t]mse

hnIm-c-km-µhpw AZr-iy-hn-izm-k-ß-

fn-e-[n-jvTn-X-hp-amb Pohn-X-Z¿i\w

aq¿Øhpw A[n-Im-c-i-‡n-bp-ap≈

cmjvSw t]mse-bp≈ Hcp ÿm]\-

am-sW∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xv bp‡n-k-l

as√∂v amX-a√, a\p-jy-kzmX

¥ysØ A]IS-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xp-am-

Wv. AXp-sIm-≠mWv cmjvS-Øn\v

Hcn-°epw aXw ]mSn√ F∂pw AXv

atX-X-c-am-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂pw ]d-bp-

∂Xv. aXw Hcn-°epw cmjvS-Øn¬

CS-s]-Sm≥ ]mSn-√. AXvt]mse

cmjvSw aX-Ønepw CS-s]-Sm≥ ]mSn-

√. atX-Xc hmZ-Øns‚ t]cn¬ kaq-

lsØ sk°p-e-ssdkv sNøm≥

AYhm atX-X-c-am-°m≥ cmjvSw

ian-°-cpXv. IΩyq-WnÃv djy-bn¬ kw -hn-®Xv AXm-Wv. sk°p-e¿ sNø-

s∏´ cmjvSw tkmhy‰v P\-kaq-lsØ aX-ap-‡-am°n sk°p-e-ssdkv

sNøm≥ ian-®p. CXv djysb kzmX-¥y-Øns‚ Iim-∏pim-e-bm°n am‰n.

A[n-Im-c-_ew sIm≠v ]k-‡-am-hp∂ cmjvS-Øns‚ D]-I-c-W-ßƒ

kΩ¿± kz`m-h-ap-≈Xpw a\p-jy-i-co-csØ amXw \nb-¥n-°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv.

F∂m¬ Bflm-hns\ kv]¿in-°p∂ aX-Øns‚ D]-I-c-W-ßƒ arZp-Xz-ap-

≈Xpw k¿§m-flm-I-hp-am-Wv. aXhpw cmjvShpw hncp≤ Zzµ-ß-fm-bn-cns°

aXsØ cmjvS-ambn t\cn v ]cm-h¿Ø\w sNøm≥ km[y-a-√. kaq-l-t£-

asØ kw_-‘n®v a‰m-sc-°mfpw Ckvemw aX-Øn\v D¬I-WvT-bp-≠v. A

Xns‚ ]h¿Ø-\-coXn as‰m-∂m-Wv. aXw Hcp aqey-\n¿≤m-cW ]≤-Xn-bmWv.

\ap°v Ckvemw aX-Øn-te°p Xs∂ Xncn-®p-h-cmw. A\y-a-X-ß-tfmSv

Ckvemw sh®p ]pe¿Øp∂ DZm-c-ho-£-Ww, _lp-kzcamb C¥y-bpsS

P\m-[n-]-Xy-aq-ey-ß-tfmSp Bflob Zm¿Vy-tØmsS Iqdp ]Jym-]n-°m≥

apk¬ams\ k÷-am-°p-∂p. F√m aX-ß-fp-tSbpw Dd-hnSw ssZh-t]m-‡-

ß-fmWv F∂m Wv Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂-Xv. "Hcp ssZhnI ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-Im-"Hcp ssZhnI ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-Im-"Hcp ssZhnI ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-Im-"Hcp ssZhnI ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-Im-"Hcp ssZhnI ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-Im-

c≥ h∂p-I-gn-™n-ń-√mØ Hcp kap-Zm-b-hp-an√' c≥ h∂p-I-gn-™n-ń-√mØ Hcp kap-Zm-b-hp-an√' c≥ h∂p-I-gn-™n-ń-√mØ Hcp kap-Zm-b-hp-an√' c≥ h∂p-I-gn-™n-ń-√mØ Hcp kap-Zm-b-hp-an√' c≥ h∂p-I-gn-™n-ń-√mØ Hcp kap-Zm-b-hp-an√' (35:25). Ah-cn¬ Nne-

cpsS t]cv amX-amWv ]Xn-]m-Zn-®n- p-≈-sX∂v Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂p. "Xo¿®-"Xo¿®-"Xo¿®-"Xo¿®-"Xo¿®-

bmbpw \n\°v apºv ]e ZqX-∑m-tcbpw \mw Ab-®n-´p-≠v. Ah-cn¬bmbpw \n\°v apºv ]e ZqX-∑m-tcbpw \mw Ab-®n-´p-≠v. Ah-cn¬bmbpw \n\°v apºv ]e ZqX-∑m-tcbpw \mw Ab-®n-´p-≠v. Ah-cn¬bmbpw \n\°v apºv ]e ZqX-∑m-tcbpw \mw Ab-®n-´p-≠v. Ah-cn¬bmbpw \n\°v apºv ]e ZqX-∑m-tcbpw \mw Ab-®n-´p-≠v. Ah-cn¬

Nne-cpsS hnhcw \mw \n\°v \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ah-cn¬ Nne-cpsSNne-cpsS hnhcw \mw \n\°v \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ah-cn¬ Nne-cpsSNne-cpsS hnhcw \mw \n\°v \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ah-cn¬ Nne-cpsSNne-cpsS hnhcw \mw \n\°v \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ah-cn¬ Nne-cpsSNne-cpsS hnhcw \mw \n\°v \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ah-cn¬ Nne-cpsS

hnhcw Rm≥ \n\°v \¬In-bn-ń-√' (40:9)hnhcw Rm≥ \n\°v \¬In-bn-ń-√' (40:9)hnhcw Rm≥ \n\°v \¬In-bn-ń-√' (40:9)hnhcw Rm≥ \n\°v \¬In-bn-ń-√' (40:9)hnhcw Rm≥ \n\°v \¬In-bn-ń-√' (40:9) temIØv Hcp e£Øn Ccp-]-

Øn-\m-em-bncw ]hm-N-I-∑m¿ Ah-X-cn--®n´p-s≠∂v ]d™ dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n

(k) \ΩpsS `mc-X-Ønse lnµp-°-fpsS Ah-Xm-c-]p-cp-j-\mb alm-flm

ioIr-jvW≥ (A) ]hm-N-I-\m-sW∂v ]d-™n-´p-≠v. "Im\ ^n¬ lnµn

\_nøp≥ AkvhZp eu\n Ckvap-lpIm-ln-\' (Z-bve-an) C¥y-bn¬ Im¿h¿W

tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb Hcp ]hm-N-I-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw At±-l-Øns‚ \maw

Imln\ AYhm IrjvW≥ (A) Bbn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n (k)

]d-bp-∂p. A]-Imcw ioIr-jvW≥, iocm-a≥, io_p-≤≥ F∂o alm-

flm-°ƒ apkvenwI-fpsS IqSn ]hm-N-I-∑mcm-sW∂pw Ckveman¬ hmKvZm\w

sNø-s∏´ lZvdØv AlvaZv (A) ]d-bp-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v B al-Øp-°-

tfbpw Ah-cpsS KŸ-ß-tfbpw BZ-cn-°¬ Hcp apk¬ams‚ _m[y-X-bm-

aXw amdp-∂-hs\aXw amdp-∂-hs\aXw amdp-∂-hs\aXw amdp-∂-hs\aXw amdp-∂-hs\h[n-°mtam? h[n-°mtam? h[n-°mtam? h[n-°mtam? h[n-°mtam? (c≠mw `mKw)(c≠mw `mKw)(c≠mw `mKw)(c≠mw `mKw)(c≠mw `mKw)

]c-kv]cw Im^n-dm-°p∂ apkvenw De-am-°-∑m¿°v BcmWv bYm¿∞]c-kv]cw Im^n-dm-°p∂ apkvenw De-am-°-∑m¿°v BcmWv bYm¿∞]c-kv]cw Im^n-dm-°p∂ apkvenw De-am-°-∑m¿°v BcmWv bYm¿∞]c-kv]cw Im^n-dm-°p∂ apkvenw De-am-°-∑m¿°v BcmWv bYm¿∞]c-kv]cw Im^n-dm-°p∂ apkvenw De-am-°-∑m¿°v BcmWv bYm¿∞

apkvensa∂v C∂phsc \n¿∆-Nn-°m≥ Ign-™n-ń-√.apkvensa∂v C∂phsc \n¿∆-Nn-°m≥ Ign-™n-ń-√.apkvensa∂v C∂phsc \n¿∆-Nn-°m≥ Ign-™n-ń-√.apkvensa∂v C∂phsc \n¿∆-Nn-°m≥ Ign-™n-ń-√.apkvensa∂v C∂phsc \n¿∆-Nn-°m≥ Ign-™n-ń-√.

G.-Fw. apl-ΩZv kenwG.-Fw. apl-ΩZv kenwG.-Fw. apl-ΩZv kenwG.-Fw. apl-ΩZv kenwG.-Fw. apl-ΩZv kenw

216


Wv. Hcp apk¬am\v Hcn-°epw A\y-

a-X-hn-tcm-[ntbm Ak-ln-jvWpthm

Bhm≥ km[y-a-√.

aX-]-cn-XymKn AYhm "ap¿Ø±v'

F∂Xv Ckvemw Dt]-£n®v A\y-a-

X-Øn¬ tN¿∂-h≥ F∂p amX-a√

bmYm-ÿn-XnI apkvenw I£n-Iƒ

hmZn-°p-∂Xv. Hcmƒ Ckvemans‚

F√m hnizmk ]am-W-ß-fnepw

hniz-kn-®p-sIm≠v Xms\mcp apkv

enam-sW∂v ]Jym-]n-®mepw ap√m-bn-

k-Øns‚ kmº-Zm-bnI hymJym-\-

ßƒ°v AXv ]Yy-a -s√-¶nepw

Ah¿°v ]Jym-]n-Xs‚ hnizm-k-

Øn\v kwi-b-ap-s≠-¶nepw Abmƒ

ap¿Ø±pw h[m¿l-\p-am-Wv. apkvenw

I-fnse Ahm-¥-c-hn-`m-K-ß-fn¬

_lq-`q-cn-`mKw I£n-Ifpw Xß-

fpsS I£nbn¬ s]Sm-Ø-hs\ Im

^ndpw Nne-t∏mƒ ap¿Ø±pw Aap

kvenapamsW∂v Icp-Xp-∂-h-cm-Wv.

Npcp-°-Øn¬ Hcp apkvenw I£n-

bpsS G‰hpw henb ]Xn-tbmKn

a‰m-cp-a-√, as‰mcp apkvenw I£n-bm-

Wv. apkvenw I£n-Iƒ apkvenw

Bcm-sW-∂-Xn\v \¬Ip∂ k¶p-Nn-

X-amb hymJym-\hpw k¶-ev]-hp-am

Wv A]-cs\ Im^ndpw ap¿Ø±p-am-

°nØo¿°p-∂-Xv. aXw amdp-∂-h\v

bmsXmcp uXn-I-in-£-bp-an√. AXv

Ahs‚ hy‡n-kzm-X-¥y-Øn¬s∏´

Imcy-amWv F∂p AlvaZn-Isf t∏m

se ]d-bp∂ anX-hm-Zn-I-fmb I£n-

Ifpw apkvenw kaq-l-Øn-ep≠v.

100 h¿j-ßƒ°v apºv A^v

Km-\n-ÿm-\n¬ sh®v Ahn-SpsØ

cmPm-hmb Aao¿ l_o-_p-√m-Jm

s‚ ImeØv AlvaZn-øØv kzoI-cn-

®-Xns‚ t]cn¬ ap¿Ø±m-sW∂v

]d™v \njv°-cpWw h[n-®p-I-f™

kmln_v kmZm A_vZp-√-Øo^v

ilo-Zn -t\bpw A_vZp -dlvam≥

ilo-Zn-t\bpw Rmt\m¿°p-I-bm-Wv.

BcmWv apkvenw?BcmWv apkvenw?BcmWv apkvenw?BcmWv apkvenw?BcmWv apkvenw?

hmkvX-h-Øn¬ BcmWv ap

kvenw? BcmWv ap¿Ø±v? apkven

ans‚ \n¿h-N\-sa-¥mWv? Hcp

N¿®mhn-jbw Xs∂-bm-Wv. 1953¬ auem\ auZq-Zn-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬

]mIn-kvXm-\n¬ Ac-tß-dnb c‡-cq-jn-X-amb AlvaZnøm hncp≤ Iem]w

At\z-jn-°m≥ ]mIn-kvXm≥ k¿°m¿ \ntbm-Kn® hniz-]-i-kvX-amb

ap\o¿I-Ωo-js‚ hnNm-c-W-th-f-bn¬ BcmWv apkvenw F∂ \n¿h-N-\-

Øns‚ ]iv\w Db¿∂p-h-∂p. \n¿h-N-\-Øn-\mbn hnNm-c-W-th-f-bn¬ Hcp

apkvenw ]finXt\mSp tImSXn Bh-iy-s∏-´-t∏mƒ At±lw Aev]-k-

abw IqSn thW-sa∂p ]d-™p. "Bbn-cØn \m∂qdv h¿j-am-bn´pw \n¿h-

Nn-°m≥ Ign-bmØ Imcyw Aev]-k-abw sIm≠v km[y-am-Iptam' F∂v

PÃokv Jbm\n ]cn-lm-k-]q¿∆w B Ben-an-t\mSv tNm Zn°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.

apkvenw Bcm-sW∂v hnhn[ I£n-bn¬s∏´ apkvenw ]fin-X-∑m¿ \¬Inb

\n¿h-N-\-Ønse sshcp-≤yhpw k¶p-Nn-X-Xzhpw \ncq-]Ww sNbvXp-sIm≠v

PÃokv ap\o¿ \S-Ønb A`n-]m-b-]-I-S\w it≤-b-amWv:

"De-am-°ƒ \¬Inb hnhn-[-ß-fmb \n¿h-N-\-ßƒ ap∂n¬ sh®p"De-am-°ƒ \¬Inb hnhn-[-ß-fmb \n¿h-N-\-ßƒ ap∂n¬ sh®p"De-am-°ƒ \¬Inb hnhn-[-ß-fmb \n¿h-N-\-ßƒ ap∂n¬ sh®p"De-am-°ƒ \¬Inb hnhn-[-ß-fmb \n¿h-N-\-ßƒ ap∂n¬ sh®p"De-am-°ƒ \¬Inb hnhn-[-ß-fmb \n¿h-N-\-ßƒ ap∂n¬ sh®p

sIm≠v c≠v De-am-°-∑m¿ tN¿∂m¬ ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-ambn C°m-cy-sIm≠v c≠v De-am-°-∑m¿ tN¿∂m¬ ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-ambn C°m-cy-sIm≠v c≠v De-am-°-∑m¿ tN¿∂m¬ ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-ambn C°m-cy-sIm≠v c≠v De-am-°-∑m¿ tN¿∂m¬ ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-ambn C°m-cy-sIm≠v c≠v De-am-°-∑m¿ tN¿∂m¬ ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-ambn C°m-cy-

Øn¬ tbmPn-°m≥ Ign-bn√ F∂ hkvXp-X-sbm-gnsI as‰-s¥-¶nepwØn¬ tbmPn-°m≥ Ign-bn√ F∂ hkvXp-X-sbm-gnsI as‰-s¥-¶nepwØn¬ tbmPn-°m≥ Ign-bn√ F∂ hkvXp-X-sbm-gnsI as‰-s¥-¶nepwØn¬ tbmPn-°m≥ Ign-bn√ F∂ hkvXp-X-sbm-gnsI as‰-s¥-¶nepwØn¬ tbmPn-°m≥ Ign-bn√ F∂ hkvXp-X-sbm-gnsI as‰-s¥-¶nepw

Hc-`n-]m-b-Øn¬ FØn-t®-cm≥ \ap°v Ign-™n-√. alm-]-fin-X-∑m¿Hc-`n-]m-b-Øn¬ FØn-t®-cm≥ \ap°v Ign-™n-√. alm-]-fin-X-∑m¿Hc-`n-]m-b-Øn¬ FØn-t®-cm≥ \ap°v Ign-™n-√. alm-]-fin-X-∑m¿Hc-`n-]m-b-Øn¬ FØn-t®-cm≥ \ap°v Ign-™n-√. alm-]-fin-X-∑m¿Hc-`n-]m-b-Øn¬ FØn-t®-cm≥ \ap°v Ign-™n-√. alm-]-fin-X-∑m¿

sNøp-∂Xp t]mse \mw \Ωp-tS-Xmb Hcp \n¿h-N-\-Øn\v ian-°p-I-sNøp-∂Xp t]mse \mw \Ωp-tS-Xmb Hcp \n¿h-N-\-Øn\v ian-°p-I-sNøp-∂Xp t]mse \mw \Ωp-tS-Xmb Hcp \n¿h-N-\-Øn\v ian-°p-I-sNøp-∂Xp t]mse \mw \Ωp-tS-Xmb Hcp \n¿h-N-\-Øn\v ian-°p-I-sNøp-∂Xp t]mse \mw \Ωp-tS-Xmb Hcp \n¿h-N-\-Øn\v ian-°p-I-

bm-sW-¶n¬ B \n¿h-N\w as‰√m \n¿h-N-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw hyXy-bm-sW-¶n¬ B \n¿h-N\w as‰√m \n¿h-N-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw hyXy-bm-sW-¶n¬ B \n¿h-N\w as‰√m \n¿h-N-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw hyXy-bm-sW-¶n¬ B \n¿h-N\w as‰√m \n¿h-N-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw hyXy-bm-sW-¶n¬ B \n¿h-N\w as‰√m \n¿h-N-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw hyXy-

kvX-am-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw a‰p-≈-h-sc-sb√mw Ckvem-anI hrØ-Øn¬ \n∂vkvX-am-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw a‰p-≈-h-sc-sb√mw Ckvem-anI hrØ-Øn¬ \n∂vkvX-am-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw a‰p-≈-h-sc-sb√mw Ckvem-anI hrØ-Øn¬ \n∂vkvX-am-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw a‰p-≈-h-sc-sb√mw Ckvem-anI hrØ-Øn¬ \n∂vkvX-am-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw a‰p-≈-h-sc-sb√mw Ckvem-anI hrØ-Øn¬ \n∂v

]pd-Øm-°n-s°m-≠p-≈-Xp-am-bn-cn-°pw. C\n \mw GsX-¶nepw Hcp]pd-Øm-°n-s°m-≠p-≈-Xp-am-bn-cn-°pw. C\n \mw GsX-¶nepw Hcp]pd-Øm-°n-s°m-≠p-≈-Xp-am-bn-cn-°pw. C\n \mw GsX-¶nepw Hcp]pd-Øm-°n-s°m-≠p-≈-Xp-am-bn-cn-°pw. C\n \mw GsX-¶nepw Hcp]pd-Øm-°n-s°m-≠p-≈-Xp-am-bn-cn-°pw. C\n \mw GsX-¶nepw Hcp

Benans‚ \n¿h-N\w kzoI-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ B Ben-ans‚ \n¿h-Benans‚ \n¿h-N\w kzoI-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ B Ben-ans‚ \n¿h-Benans‚ \n¿h-N\w kzoI-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ B Ben-ans‚ \n¿h-Benans‚ \n¿h-N\w kzoI-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ B Ben-ans‚ \n¿h-Benans‚ \n¿h-N\w kzoI-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ B Ben-ans‚ \n¿h-

N-\-]-Imcw \mw apkvenam-bn-cn°pw. a‰p-≈-h-cpsS \n¿h-N-\-]-ImcwN-\-]-Imcw \mw apkvenam-bn-cn°pw. a‰p-≈-h-cpsS \n¿h-N-\-]-ImcwN-\-]-Imcw \mw apkvenam-bn-cn°pw. a‰p-≈-h-cpsS \n¿h-N-\-]-ImcwN-\-]-Imcw \mw apkvenam-bn-cn°pw. a‰p-≈-h-cpsS \n¿h-N-\-]-ImcwN-\-]-Imcw \mw apkvenam-bn-cn°pw. a‰p-≈-h-cpsS \n¿h-N-\-]-Imcw

\mw Im^n-dp-am-bn-cn°pw'\mw Im^n-dp-am-bn-cn°pw'\mw Im^n-dp-am-bn-cn°pw'\mw Im^n-dp-am-bn-cn°pw'\mw Im^n-dp-am-bn-cn°pw' (ap-\o¿ IΩo-j≥ dnt∏m¿´v t]. 28).

F¶nepw BcmWv apkvenw F∂ ]mam-Wn-I-amb tNmZyw Ah-ti-jn-

°p∂p. Ckvemw aX-Øns‚ G‰hpw kap-∂-X-\mb B[n-Im-cnI h‡mhpw

HuZmcyhm∑m-cn¬ HuZm-cy-hm-\p-amb dkq¬ Icnw (k) \¬Inb \n¿h-

N\w k¶p-Nn-X-a-\-kvIcpw Ak-ln-jvWp-°-fp-amb De-am-°-∑m-cpsS \n¿hN-

\-ßsfsb√mw \ncm-I-cn-°p-∂p. aZo-\-bnse Hcp sk≥kkv thf-bn¬ dkq¬

Xncp-ta\n (k) apkvenan\v \¬Inb \n¿h-N\w klolp¬ _pJm-cn-bn¬

D≤-cn-®-Xv Cßs\-bm-bn-cp-∂p: "kzbw apkvenam-sW∂v ]d-bp∂ Gh-cp-kzbw apkvenam-sW∂v ]d-bp∂ Gh-cp-kzbw apkvenam-sW∂v ]d-bp∂ Gh-cp-kzbw apkvenam-sW∂v ]d-bp∂ Gh-cp-kzbw apkvenam-sW∂v ]d-bp∂ Gh-cp-

tSbpw t]cv F\n°pth≠n FgpXn t®¿°pI'tSbpw t]cv F\n°pth≠n FgpXn t®¿°pI'tSbpw t]cv F\n°pth≠n FgpXn t®¿°pI'tSbpw t]cv F\n°pth≠n FgpXn t®¿°pI'tSbpw t]cv F\n°pth≠n FgpXn t®¿°pI' (k-lo-lp¬ _pJm-cn).

FX hnim-e-amb \n¿∆-N-\w!

aX-]-cn-Xym-Kn-bpsS h[w: InkvXob ImgvN-∏mSvaX-]-cn-Xym-Kn-bpsS h[w: InkvXob ImgvN-∏mSvaX-]-cn-Xym-Kn-bpsS h[w: InkvXob ImgvN-∏mSvaX-]-cn-Xym-Kn-bpsS h[w: InkvXob ImgvN-∏mSvaX-]-cn-Xym-Kn-bpsS h[w: InkvXob ImgvN-∏mSv

kvs]bn-\n¬ apkvenwIsf ]pd-Øm°nb InkvXym-\n-Iƒ Ahn-SsØ

Ah-ti-jn-°p∂ apkvenwIƒs°-Xnsc hºn® ]oU-\-ßfpw Iqc-Xbpw

Iq´-s°m-ebpw Agn-®p-hn-Sp-I-bp-≠m-bn. Cubh-k-c-Øn¬ AXn\v ]I-c-

ambn Xp¿°n-bnse InkvXym-\nIsf h[n-®p-I-f-bm≥ A∂sØ apkvenw

Jeo- bpw ]Ya DYvam-\nbm Jeo- -bp-am-bn-cp∂ kenw H∂m-a≥ Btem-

Nn-®n-cp-∂p. ]t£, Ckvemw aXw Hcn-°epw AXv A\p-h-Zn-°p∂n√ F∂v

]d™v ssiJp¬ Ckvemw Aen Pamen Cu \o°-Øn-s\-Xnsc i‡-

ambn cwKØv h∂psIm≠v B DZyaw XS-bp-I-bp-≠m-bn.

ap¿Ø±v AYhm aX-]-cn-XymKn F∂v apZ-IpØn \nc-h[n t]sc

sIms∂m-Sp-°nb kw`-h-ßƒ apkvenw Ncn-X-Øn¬ \ap°v ImWmw.

AsX√mw kaq-l-Øn¬ Acm-PIXzw \S-am-Sn-bn-cp∂t∏m-gp≈ ]£p-_v[m-

h-ÿ-bn-emWv kw`-hn-®-Xv. aX-]-cn-XymKn h[m¿l-\m-sW∂v Nne Xoh

\ne-]m-Sp-Im-c-\mb aX-]-fin-X-∑m-cpsS ^XvhIfpw C√m-Xn-√. ]t£

217


apkvenw c-W-Iq-S-ßƒ \S-∏m-°nb

hyh-ÿm-]nX ico-AØv cW \n¿∆-

lW \nb-a-amtbm ]o\¬ tImUm

tbm CXv Fhn-tSbpw Fgp-Xn -

t®¿Ø-Xmbn ImWn-√. AXy-]q¿∆

kµ¿ -ß-fn¬ kam-[m\ ImeØpw

aX-`m-¥-∑m-cmb aX-]-fin-X-∑m-

cpsS \n¿_-‘-Øn\v hgßn c-Wm-

[n-Im-cn-Iƒ Ckvemw aXw Dt]-£n-

®-hs\ (ap¿Ø-±ns\) h[n-®-Xmbn

ImWp-∂p≠v. cmPy-tZml°p‰hpw

aX-]-cn-Xym-Khpw Hcp-an®p h∂-t∏mƒ

h[-in£ t]mse-bp≈ in£-Iƒ

\S-∏m-°n-bXv Hcn-°epw aX-]-cn-Xym-

K-Øns‚ ê-am-bn-´√ F∂v \mw

th¿Xn-cn-®dn-tb-≠-Xp-≠v. F∂m¬

InkvXp-k` aX-]-cn-Xym-K-Øn\v hyh-

ÿm-]nX \nb-a-ß-fn-eqsS h[-in£

\S-∏m°n F∂Xv A\n-tj-[y-amb

NcnX bmYm¿∞y-am-Wv. Ip]-kn-≤-

amb a≤y-Im-esØ C≥Izn-kn-j-t\m-

S-\p-_-‘n® \nb-a-ß-fmWv aX-]-cn-

Xym-Knsb h[n®p If-bWw F∂

\nbaw Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-Xv. Ncn-XsØ

InSnew sIm≈n® a[y-\q-‰m-≠p-I-

fn¬ InkvXp-k` \S-Ønb \c-ta-[-

ßƒ Hcp t]°n-\mhv t]mse \sΩ

th -bm-Sp-∂p. Ckvem-ans\ InkvXp-

a-X-Øns‚ D∂-X-ÿm-\Øp \n∂v

hna¿in-°p-∂-h¿ Cu NcnXw

Hm¿°p-∂Xv \∂v. aXw hn´p-t]m-I-

W-sa-∂n√, k`°v kwibw tXm∂n-

bm¬ t]mepw h[n®p If-bp∂ Cu

IncmX IrXyw DZ vLm -S\w

sNbvXXv apkvenw `c-Wm-\-¥c

kvs]bn-\n-emWv. t]m∏v C∂-sk‚ v

8˛m-as‚ ImeØv ]Xn-\©mw \q‰m-

≠n¬ s^¿Un\mUv Ck-s_√

cmP-Z-º-Xn-am-cpsS Ipº-km-c-I¿Ωw

\S-Øn -bn -cp∂ sUman -\n -°≥

InkvXob k\ym-knbpw alm-Iq-c-

\p-am-bn-cp∂ tXmakv Un sXm¿Ip

amsU°n\mbn-cp∂p kvs]bn-\nse

C≥Izn-kn-js‚ Npa-X-e. At±lw

\S-∏m-°nb Auto dabe Hmt´m Ut^

F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ aX-]-cn-Xym-K°p-‰-

Øns‚ in£-bmbn hyhÿ

sNbvXXv h[-in-£-bm-bn-cp-∂p.

tUmKva (Dagma) F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ InkvXp-k- -bpsS HutZym-KnI hnizm-

k-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ hyXn-bm-\sØbmWv sldnkn (Heresy) AYhm aX-\nµ,

"]mjmfiX' Fs∂ms°]d-bp-∂-Xv. aX-\nµ Btcm-]n-®m-bn-cp∂p Hmt´m-

U-t^°v hnt[-b-am-°n-bn-cp-∂-Xv. 1483¬ C≥Izn-k-‰-dmbn A[n-Im-c-ta‰

sXm¿°p-amsU 11 h¿jw sIm≠v H‰°v 2000 t]sc Auto dabe°v hnt[-b-

am°n sIm∂p. 1481 apX¬ 1808 hscbp≈ 327 h¿jw sIm≠v 3 e£Øn

\m¬]-Xn-\m-bncw t]sc Auto dabe°v hnNm-c-W hnt[-b-cm-°n. 32,000 t]sc

Np´p-sIm-√p-I-bp-ap-≠m-bn. InkvXym-\n-Iƒ oj-Wn-s∏-SpØn InkvXp-a-X-

Øn-te°v ]cn-h¿Ø\w sNøn® blq-Z-tc-bmWv satdm-t\mkv (Maroanos)F∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xv. aXw amdnb Cu blq-Zsc InkvXob hnizm-k-Ønse

Bflm¿∞X °pdhv Btcm-]n®v kvs]bn≥ apkvenwI-fn¬ \n∂v InkvXym-

\n-Iƒ ]nSn-s®-Sp-Ø-t∏mƒ sIms∂m-Sp-°pI-bp-≠m-bn. InkvXob temI

sØ aX-]-c-amb Cu Ak-ln-jvWp-X-bn¬ \n∂pw \sΩ c£n-®Xv sk°p-

e-dn-k-amWv.

auem\m auZqZnauem\m auZqZnauem\m auZqZnauem\m auZqZnauem\m auZqZn

Ckveman¬ tUmKvabpw sldn-kn-bp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n√ F∂Xv Hcp hkvXp-

X-bmWv. XpS°w apX¬°p Xs∂ ]e Imcy-ß-fnepw n∂m- n-]m-b-ap≠mbn-

cp∂ \mev aZvl-_p-I-fpsS kl-h¿Øn-Xz-tØm-sS-bp≈ km∂n-[y-amWv Cu

]yqd-enÃv ]mc-ºcyw Ckveman\v \¬In-b-Xv. "A`n-]m-b-kzm-X¥yw Fs‚

kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ A\p-K-l-amWv' F∂mWv dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n ]d-™-sX∂pw

\mtam¿°-Ww. ^mjn-k-Øns‚ Nph-Sp-]n-Sn®v Ckveman\v cmjvSob

hymJym\w \¬Inb auem\m auZq-Zn-bm-Wv aq¿Ø±ns\ h[n-°Ww F∂

Bi-b-Øns‚ B[p-\nI ImesØ i‡-\mb h‡mhv. At±lw CXp

kw_-‘n®v Ddp-Zp-`m-j-bnsegpXnb ]pkvX-I-amWv "ap¿ØZv In kkm

Ckveman Jm\q≥ sa'. AXm-bXv "ap¿Ø±ns‚ in£ CkvemanI \nb-a-

Øn¬' F∂Xv. AXn¬ At±lw Fgp-Xp-∂p:

"GsXmcp \mń-emtWm Ckvem-anI hnπhw hcp-∂Xv ' Ahn-sS-bp≈

apkvenw P\-X°v Hcp t\mókv \¬I-s∏Spw. AXm-bXv, BcmtWm

Ckveman¬ \n∂pw hnizm-k-]-chpw I¿Ω-]-c-hp-amb Imcy-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw

hn´p-\n¬°m-\m-Kln-°p-∂Xv F∂m-cm™p sIm≠p-≈-Xm-bn-cn°pw B

t\mó-kv. Cu hnfw-_-c-Øn-\p-tijw Hcp h¿j-Øn-\Iw Aapkvenam-hm≥

BK-ln-°p-∂-h¿ AapkvenwI-fm-sW∂v ]Jym-]n-®p-sIm≠v apkvenw

skmssk-‰n-bn¬ \n∂v ]pdØv t]mtI-≠-XmWv. Cu Ime-]-cn-[n°ptijw

P∑\m apkvenw-I-sf√mw apkvenw-I-fmbn IW-°m-°-s∏Spw Ckvemans‚

F√m \nb-a-ßfpw Ah-cn¬ ]mh¿Øn-I-am-°-s∏-Sp-∂-XmWv. Ckvemanse

F√m \n¿_‘ _m[y-X-Ifpw \S-∏m-°m≥ Ah¿ \n¿_-‘n-X-cmbnØocp-

∂-Xm-Wv. CXn-\p-tijw Bsc-¶nepw CkvemanI hrØ-Øn¬ \n∂v ]pdØp

t]mIm≥ BK-ln-®m¬ Abmƒ h[n-°-s∏-Sp∂XmWv. Ip^vdns‚ aSn-Ø-

ń¬ hogm≥ t]mhp∂ [mcmfw kvXo]p-cp-j-∑msc Cu hn[w c£-s∏-Sp-

Øm≥ ian-°pw. AXm-bXv Hcp hn[-Ønepw c£-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ km[n-°m-

Ø-h¿ \ΩpsS skmssk-‰n-bn¬ \n∂v hntO-Zn-s®-dn-b-s∏Spw (h-[n-°-s∏-

Spw). Cu ip≤o-I-cWØn\p-tijw kza-\- mse apkvenambn Ign-bm≥

BK-ln-°p-∂-h-sc-s°m≠v ]pXn-sbmcp CkvemanI skmssk-‰n-bpsS

Bcw`w Ipdn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. (ap¿ØZv In kkm Ckveman Jm\q≥ sa 1950¬-

]-kn-≤o-I-cn-®Xv t]. 80).

auZqZn kmln_v ho≠pw Fgp-Xp-∂p: "aX-]-cn-Xym-K-Øn\v h[-in-£-

bm-sW∂v Xocp-am-\n-°-s∏´p Ign-™-tXmsS ]iv\w ]cn-l-cn®p. Hcp apkven-

218


an-t\bpw A\y-aXw kzoI-cn-°m≥

\mw A\p-h-Zn-°p-∂n√ F∂p hcp-

tºmƒ \ΩpsS A[n-Im-c-]-cn-[n-bn¬

A\y-a-X-ÿ¿°v ]Nm-cWw \S-

ØpI F∂ ]iv\w Xs∂ D¤-hn-

°p-∂n-√. \mw Hcn-°epw AXv kln-

°p-I-bn-√.' (ap¿ØZv In kkm

Ckveman Jm\q≥ sa t]. 32)

At±lw ho≠pw ]d-bp-∂p: CXn-

\p≈ ]Xn-hn[n c≠p hn[-am-Wv.

H∂p-In¬ Abmsf (aXw amdn-b-h-

s\) tÃ‰n¬ F√m-hn[ ]ucm-h-Im-

i-ßfpw XyPn-°-s∏´ \ne-bn¬

Pohn-°m-\-\p-h-Zn-°p-I. As√-¶n¬

Abm-fpsS PohnXw Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-

I. BZysØ coXn c≠m-asØ coXn-

tb-°mƒ ITn-\-X-c-amb in£bmbn-

cn-°pw. ImcWw AXns‚ A¿∞w

(emb-aqØp ^nlm-h-em-blvbm)

F∂ Ahÿbn¬ AXm-bXv Poh-

Ohw t]mse Bhp-I-bmWv. AXp-

sIm≠v tijvT -amb Imcyw

Abmƒ°v ac-W-in£ \¬In-

sIm≠v At±-l-Øn\pw skmssk-

‰n-°p-ap≈ F√m B]-Øp-Ifpw

X¬£Ww Ah-km-\n -∏n -°p-I-

bmWv' (ap¿ØZv In kkm Ckveman

Jm\q≥ sa t]. 51).

aXw amdn-b-hs\ h[n-°-W-

sa∂ auem\m auZq-Zn-bpsS Cu

^mjnÃv XXzw ]_p≤ tIc-f-

Ønepw At±-l-Øns‚ A\pbm-bn-

Iƒ Fgp-Øn-eqsS ]N-cn-∏n-°p-∂p

F∂Xv tJZ-I-c-am-Wv. Btem-Nn-°p-

tºmƒ Xe-I-d-°-ap-≠m-Ip∂ as‰m

cp Imcyw Cu oI-c-hmZw ]N-cn-∏n-

°p∂ Ah¿ Xs∂-bmWv tIc-f-

Ønse G‰hpw henb a\p-jym-h-

Imi kwL-S-\-bpsS kwLm-S-Icpw

ap∂-Wn-t∏m-cm-fn-Ifpw ˛ t^mdw

t^m¿ Utam-Ikn B‚ v IΩyq-W¬

Aan‰n F∂ a\p-jym-h-Imi kwL-

S-\-bpsS tIcf P\-d¬ sk I-´-dn-

bmb Hm A_vZp-dlvam≥ kmln-_v

a\p-jym-h-Imi ]h¿Ø-I≥ F∂-

Xn-t\m-sSm∏w Pam-AsØ Ckvem

an t\Xmhp IqSn-bm-Wv.

ap¿Ø±ns\ h[n-°-W-sa∂

kn≤m-¥-Øns‚ hni-Zo-I-c-W-sa-t∂mWw H. A_vZp-dlvam≥ kmln_ns‚

hni-Zo-I-c-Ww a\p-jym-h-Im-ihpw Pam-AsØ Ckvemanbpw XΩn-ep≈

sshcp-≤yw hy‡-am-°p∂p. At±lw Fgp-Xp∂p:

"C]-Imcw Ckvemw kzoI-cn-°m-Xn-cn-°m\pw ]q¿W kzmX-¥y-ap-≠m-

bn-cns° AXv kXy-am-sW∂v a\- n-em°n kzta-[bm AXn¬ ]th-in-®-

h≥ ]n∂o-SXv Dt]-£n-®p-t]m-Ip-∂p-sh-¶n¬ XnI™ h©-\bpw apkvenw

skmssk-‰nsb inYn-e-am-°m-\p≈ I]-S-X-¥-hp-am-bn-´mWv Ckvemw B

\S-]-Snsb ho£n-°p-∂-Xv. Ahsc ]nSn-Iq-Smt\m in£n-°mt\m hy‡n-

Iƒ°v A[-n-Im-c-an-s√-¶nepw Ckvem-anI tÃ‰ns‚ `ZX \ne-\n¿Øm≥

tZml-Im-cn-I-fmb CØcw Bfp-Isf CkvemanI tImSXn hnNm-cW sNøpw.

Ip‰w sXfn-™m¬ sX‰p Xncp-Øm≥ Ah-kcw \¬Ipw. Xncp-Øm\pw Xøm-

dn-s√-¶n¬ amXw h[-in-£°v hn[n°pw (Ckvemapw bp‡n-hm-Zn-Ifpw H.

A_vZp-dlvam≥ t]. 163). Jp¿-B-\ntem lZo-kntem C√mØ Cu IncmX

kn≤m¥w CkvemanI hncp-≤-am-sW∂v ]d™v Pam¬ F∂ ]fin-X≥

dqlq¬ Ckvemw F∂ KŸ-Øn¬ Jfin-®-Xns\∏‰n H. A_vZp-dlvam≥

kmln_v AtX ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ \S-Øp∂ ]cm-a¿iw t\m°q: ""Ckvemans‚

kXym-hÿ t_m[y-s∏´ tijw AXn¬ ]th-in-°m≥ Xocp-am-\n-°p∂

GsXm-cmfpw ]n∂oSv Xm≥ cmPn-sh-°-W-sa-∂m-K-ln-®m¬ AXv A\p-h-Zn-

°-s∏-Sm≥ t]mhn-s√∂v IqSn \∂mbn Adn™ tij-am-bn-cn°mw kzm`m-

hn-I-ambpw apkvenam-hp-∂-Xv. AXn-\m¬ Bflm¿∞-X-tbmsS Ckvemw

Ahew-_n® bmsXm-cmfpw AXns\ Dt]-£n-°p∂ ]iv\w D¤-hn-°p-∂n-

√. (Ckvemapw bp‡n-hm-Zn-I-fpw).

Cu hmZ-Ønse bp‡nlo\-Xbpw \mw a\- n-em-°-Ww. aXw hn´p-

t]m-Ip-∂-hs\ ]pdØv t]mIm-\-\p-h-Zn-°msX h[n-°p-sa∂v ]d™v oj-

Wn-s∏-SpØn \n¿Øn-bm¬ Hcp I]-S-hn-izm-knsb krjvSn-°m-\-√msX Cu

\nbaw sIm≠v as‰¥mWv ]tbm-P-\w?

auehn tNI-∂q¿auehn tNI-∂q¿auehn tNI-∂q¿auehn tNI-∂q¿auehn tNI-∂q¿

"aX-]-cn-Xym-Knsb h[n-°Ww' F∂ kn≤m-¥-Ønse tIc-f-Ønse _en-

bm-SmWv auehn tNI-∂q¿ A_p¬l-k≥. Hcp Bibw ]N-cn-∏n-®-Xns‚

t]cn¬ Hcmƒ h[n-°-s∏SpI F∂Xv Atß-b‰w A]-e-]-\o-b-amWv.

tNI-∂q¿ aue-hnsb∏‰n At±-l-Øns‚ A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ Ah-Im-i-

s∏-Sp-∂Xv t]mse Hcp ]cn-jv°¿Øm-hm-sW∂v Rßƒ°- n-]m-b-an-√. At±-

l-Øns‚ ]e Bi-bßtfmSpw Bib ]Nm-c-W-ssi-en-tbmSpw Rßƒ

hntbm-Pn-°p-∂p. P\-tIm-Sn-Iƒ BZ-c-]q¿∆w _lp-am-\n-°p∂ A_qlp-

ssdd (d)sbt∏mse-bp≈ hy‡n-Isf lo\-amb ]Z-ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn-®p-

sIm≠p≈ aue-hn-bpsS hna¿i\w At±-l-Øns‚ Bi-b-ßƒ i≤n-°p-

∂-Xn-t\-°m-ƒ ]tIm-]-\-amWv A\p-hm-N-I-cn¬ krjvSn-®-Xv. hnIm-c-km-µ-

amb aX-hn-izm-k-ßsf hna¿in-°p-tºmƒ hna¿i-I¿ ]men-t°≠ kwb-

a\w, kwkvIm-c-k-º-∂-amb `mj Ch-sbm∂pw auehn kmln_v ]e-

t∏mgpw D]-tbm-Kn-®n- n-√ F∂Xv Hcp hkvXp-X-bm-Wv.

auehn tNI-∂q-dns‚ hna¿i\w FX ]cp-j-am-bn-cp-∂mepw AXv FX

Xs∂ ]tIm-]-\-ap-≠m-°p-∂-Xm-bmepw At±-l-Øn\v Xo¿®-bmbpw AXv

]I-Sn-∏n-°m\pw ]N-cn-∏n-°m-\p-ap≈ kzmX-¥y-ap-≠v. amX-a√, At±-l-

Øns‚ Nne Bi-b-ßfpw hna¿i-\-ßfpw ]ptcm-K-a\]c-am-bn-cp-∂p. AlvaZn-


219


\m\m\m\m\m¬]Xp h¿j-°m-e-ambn

]Nm-c-W-cw-KØv ]bmWw XpS-cp∂

AlvaZnøm Pam-A-Øns‚ "A¬

Jp¿-B≥ FIvkn-_n-j≥ C‚¿\m-

j-\¬ F∂ ]cn-jv°-cn® ]pXnb

]Z¿i\w tImgn-t°m´v \nc-h[n

hn⁄m-\mt\z-jn-Isf BI¿jn-°p-

I-bp-≠m-bn. amhq¿ tdmUnse Atc-

SØv ]me-Øn\v kao-]-Øp≈

A]vkcm Ku≠mbn-cp∂p ]Z¿i\

\K-cn. AtXm-sSm∏w AlvaZnøm

]Z¿i-\-Øns‚ hn]p-e-amb ]Nm-

cWw I≠v lmen-f-Inb Camw

Iu¨kn¬ F∂ kwL-S\ ]Z¿

i\w ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øm\pw _ln-

jvI-cn-°m\pw apkvenwIsf Blzm

\w sNbvXp-sIm≠v ]X-am-≤y-a-ß-

Ah-tem-I\wAh-tem-I\wAh-tem-I\wAh-tem-I\wAh-tem-I\w

tttttImgn-t°ms´ A¬Jp¿-B≥Imgn-t°ms´ A¬Jp¿-B≥Imgn-t°ms´ A¬Jp¿-B≥Imgn-t°ms´ A¬Jp¿-B≥Imgn-t°ms´ A¬Jp¿-B≥FIvkn-_n-j≥FIvkn-_n-j≥FIvkn-_n-j≥FIvkn-_n-j≥FIvkn-_n-j≥

sI.-]n. AlvaZvsI.-]n. AlvaZvsI.-]n. AlvaZvsI.-]n. AlvaZvsI.-]n. AlvaZv

fn-eq-sSbpw ]kvXm-h-\-bn-d-°p-I-bp-

≠m-bn. "CkvemanIv C≥^¿ta-j≥

sk¬' F∂ t]cn¬ Xncq-c-ßm-Sn-

bnse hnem-k-Øn¬ hn]p-e-amb

t\mókv hnX-c-Whpw \S-Øn-bn-

cp∂p! ]Z¿i-\-Øns\Xn sc ]≈n-

I-fn¬ \n∂pw hym]-I-amb _ln-

jvI-cW ]kvXm-h-\-Iƒ h∂p.

]t£; CX-tbsd ]Xn-Iqe kml-

N-cy-ß-fp-≠m-bn´pw kXym-t\z-jW

IpXp-In-I-fmb Ht´sd kµ¿i-I¿

]Z¿i\ \K-cn-bn-se-Øn-t®¿ ∂Xv

IuXp-I-I-c-am-Wv! Adn-hns‚ temI-

Ønse Aaqeyamb hn -h-ßƒ tXSn-

s°m-≠p≈ Htc-sbmcp e£y-am-bn-

cp∂p Ah¿°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂-sX∂v

CXv hy‡-am-°p-∂p! ImcWw;

Aev]w Zqsc InS-°p∂ ]Z¿i\

\K-cn-bn-te°v bmXm-t¢-ihpw hml-

\-s®ehpw hln-°msX FØn-t®-

cm≥ km≤y-a-s√-∂-XmWv bmYm¿

∞yw! ]Z¿i-\-k-abw cmhnse 11

aWn apXemsW∂v hnfw-_-c-s∏-Sp-

Øn-bn´pw 9 aWn apX¬ kµ¿i-I-

∑m-cpsS km∂n-≤y-ap-≠mbn! h∂-

h-scms° ]Tn-°m\pw Kln-°m-\pw,

Akm-[m-c-W-amb Xmev]cyw ]I-Sn-

∏n-®Xv kwLm-S-I¿ a\- n¬ I≠

hnP-b-e-£y-Øn\v hºn® apX¬Iq-

´mWv!

A¬Jp¿-B≥ FIvkn-_n-j≥

IÆq-cn¬ ]Z¿in-®-t∏m-gp≈ Bƒ

°q-´-Øn¬ \n∂pw XnI®pw hyXy-

kvX-amb a\:imkvX-amWv tImgn-

t°ms´ kµ¿i-I-cn¬ ImWm≥ Ign-

™Xv! aWn-°q-dp-Iƒ Nne-h-gn®v

Hmtcm t_m¿Up-Ifpw kq£va-ambn

]T\w \S-Øm≥ kµ¿i-I¿ ipjv

Im¥n ImWn®p! ]ecpw imkvX-hp-

ambn _‘n-∏n-®p-sIm-≠p≈ hnip-

≤-Jp¿-B-\nse k¿∆m-Xn-im-bn-bmb

kq‡-ßƒ Ipdn-s®-SpØp! Nne-

sc√mw sam ss_¬t^m¨ ¢n°v

sNbvXv Unkvtπ t_m¿Uns‚ t^m

t´m-sb-SpØp! \q‰n-A-dp-]-tXmfw

t_m¿Up-Iƒ Htc \n¬∏n¬ hmbn-

®p-Xo¿°m≥ ]bm-k-ap-≈-h¿ Hmtcm

t_m¿Un-\p-apºnepw Itk-c-bn´v

]mcm-bWw ]q¿Øn-bm°n! kwi-

b-\n-hm-c-W-ßƒ°pw kulrZ N¿

®-Iƒ°pw At\-I-am-fp-Iƒ kzb-am-

tImgn-t°mSv tab¿ io. Fw mkvI-c≥ FIvkn-_n-j≥ DZvLm-S\wsNøp-∂p. auehn apl-ΩZv Da¿, ]n. aΩZv tImb, s]m^. alvaqZv

AlvaZv, Fw. F. apl-Ω-Zv, Fw. A_vZp-d-ln-am≥,F. Fw. apl-ΩZv kenw F∂n-hsc thZn-bn¬ ImWmw.

220


bn-Øs∂ Bthiw ]I-Sn-∏n®p!

]Xn-\m-ep-Zn-h-khpw ]Z¿i\ \K-cn-

bn-se-Øp-Ibpw A]-K-Y\w \S-Øp-

Ibpw HSp-hn¬ IpSpw-_-k-taXw

AlvaZnøm Pam-A-Øn¬ ]th-in-

°m≥ k∂-≤X ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-Ibpw

sNbvX ]ap-J-cmb Nne cpw Cu

Iq´-Øn-ep≠v! Bbn-cØn A™q-

tdmfw "tS_n-ƒ tSm°v' \S-Øn-b-

Xmbn _‘-s∏´ AlvaZnøm aue-

hn-amcpw h‡m-°fpw km£y-s∏-Sp-

Øp-∂p. kµ¿i-I-cpsS \n¿_-‘-

Øn\pw \nc-¥c-amb Bh-iy-Øn\pw

hgßn aPvenkv A≥km-dp-√mlv

FIvkn-_n-j≥ A¬Jp¿-Bs‚

knUnbpw Cd°n.

tImgn -t°ms´ AlvaZnøm

h\nXm hf-≠n-b¿am¿ ]N-mc-W-cw-

KØv Du¿÷-kz-e-cm-bn-cp∂p! Bi-

b-ßfpw NnX-ßfpw kwtbm-Pn-∏n-®p-

sIm≠v k÷-am-°nb t_m¿Up-I-

ƒ kµ¿i-I-cmb kvXoIƒ°pw

Iq´w-tN¿∂p h∂ Zº-Xn-Iƒ°pw

hnh-cn -®p-sIm-Sp -°m-\pw, _p°v

Ãmfn¬ sIm≠p-t]mbn AlvaZnøm

kmln-Xy-ßƒ \¬Im\pw, Bib

hn\n-abw \S-Øm\pw h\nXm hf-≠n-

b¿am¿ apº-¥n-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂p!

Adp-\q-dn¬∏cw kvXoIƒ "tS_nƒ

tSm°v' \S-Øn-b-Xmbn ePv\m Cam-

C√m h‡m-°ƒ Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂p.

hnZym-k-º-∂-cmb Ht´sd apkvenw

kvXoIfpw CX-c-a-X-ÿ-cmb At\

Iw kvXo ]pcp-j-∑mcpw ]Z¿i-\w-

I≠p.

Gsd it≤-b-am-bXv, ]X-am-≤y-

a-ß-fn-eqsS hne-°p-I-fp-≠m-bn´pw

Xncq-c-ßm-Sn-bnse "C≥^¿ta-j≥

sk√ns‚' hI-bmbn "\mi-Øn-te-

s°mcp ss]im-NnI ]mX' F∂

Xe-s°-ń¬ tImgn-t°mSv \K-c-

Øn¬ _ln-jv°-cW t\mó-kp-Iƒ

hnX-cWw \S-Øn-bn- pw AØcw aX

t\Xr-Xz-ßsf H´pw hI-sh-°msX

Ahsc Ah-K-Wn-®p-sIm≠v Ht´sd

apkveym°-∑mcpw km[m-cW apkv

enwIfpw ]Z¿i-\-Øn\v FØn-

tN¿∂pw Ah-km\ Znh-k-ß-fn¬

hn⁄m-\m-t\z-jn-I-fmb kµ¿i-I-

cpsS Hgp°v i‡n-s∏- Xpw hne-°p-

I-fpsS Imew Ign™p F∂-Xns‚

kqN-\-bm-Wv. Bim-h-l-amb Cu

]Xn-I-cWw ]Z¿i-\-Øn\v e`y-amb

as‰mcp hnP-b-ap-lq¿Ø-am-Wv.

G]n¬ 9\v sshIp-t∂cw

tImgn-t°mSv tab¿ io. Fw. mkvI-

c≥ ]Z¿i\w DZvLm-S\w sNbvXp.

hnizm-kn-Isf kw_-‘n-t®-S-tØm

fw Imtem-Nn-Xhpw _p≤n-]q¿∆-hp-

amb hymJym-\-ßƒ Dƒ s°m-≈p∂

KŸ-amWv hnip-≤-Jp¿Bs\∂pw,

F√m PmXn-a-X-ÿ¿°pw AXn¬

]mT-ß-fp-s≠∂pw DZvLm-S\ ]`m-

j-W-Øn¬ tab¿ ]d-™p. ]Z¿i-

\-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ kw£n]vX hnh-

c-W-Øn¬ hnip-≤-Jp¿-B-\n¬ Fgp-

\q-‰n-A-ºXv hN-\-ßƒ imkvX-hp-

ambn _‘-s∏´ ]cm-a¿i-ß-fmsW-

∂pw, F ∂m¬ I¿Ω-]-c-amb hnj-

b-ßsf kw-_‘n® hN-\-ßƒ

Ccp-\q-‰n-A-ºXv ÿe-ß-fn-em-Wp-≈-

sX∂pw kXy-Zq-X≥ ]Xm-[n-]¿

P\m_v G. Fw. apl-ΩZv kenw

kmln_v hy‡-am-°n. ]]-©-

Ønse ÿqe-bm-Ym¿∞y-ß-fpw Nq

≠n-°m-ń kq£va\pw AZr-iy\p-

amb ssZh-Ønte°v A\p-hm-N-

Is‚ i≤ £Wn-°p∂ hnip-≤-

Jp¿-B≥ imkvXkXy-ßsf B

flo-bm-\p-`q-Xn-bm°n am‰p∂ Hcp

khntij -K-Ÿw- IqSnbm-sW∂v

kenw kmln_v ]d-™p. ÿew

Iu¨kn-e¿ ]n. aΩ-Z vtImb

s]m^. alvaqZv kmln_v, Fw.

A_vZp-d-ln-am≥ kmln_v F∂n-h¿

Biw-k-Iƒ t\¿∂p. tImgn-t°mSv

taJem Aao¿ P\m_v Fw. F.

apl-ΩZv kmln-_ns‚ A[y-£-X-

bn¬ tN¿∂ DZvLm-S\®S-ßn¬

]Z¿i-\-Øns‚ sNb¿am≥ P\m_v

sI.-Fw. AlvaZv tImbm kmln_v

kzmK-X-hpw, P\m_v Fw. sI. Cºn-

®n-t°m-bń kmln_v \µnbpw ]d-

™p. P\m_v Sn. AlvaZv kCuZv

kmln_v Jp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bWw

\n¿∆-ln-®p.

Hmtcm Znh-khpw icm-icn

A™q-dp-t]¿ ]Z¿i-\-Øn\v FØn-

t®¿∂n-cp-∂p. IqSmsX AlvaZnøm

ktµ-i-ßfpw, CXc apkvenw I£n-

I-fp-am-bp-≈ hntbm-Pn-∏ns‚ hnj-b-

ßƒ Dƒs°m-≈p∂ Ht´sd eLp-

te-J-Ifpw hnX-cWw sNø-s∏´p!

]©m_v bqWn -th -g vkn‰n

ÿm]n®p XpS-ßnb Ime-am-bn-cp∂p

AXv. bqWn-th-gvkn-‰n-bn¬ Hcp Ad-

_nIv ]^ksd Bh-iy-ap-≠m-bn-cp-

∂p. lZvdØv AlvaZns‚ Ad_n

]mfin-XysØ AwKo-I-cn-®v, B

DtZymKw At±-l-Øn\p \¬Im≥

CS-bp-s≠∂pw AXn-\mbn Hc-t]£

Ab-bv°p-∂Xp \∂m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pw

kønZv ao¿ kmln_v A`n-]m-b-s∏-

Sp-I-bp-≠m-bn. F∂m¬ lZvdØv

AlvaZv H´pw Xmev]cyw ImWn-®n√.

hnZym-hn-lo-\-cmb \nc-h[n

Bfp-Iƒ, hyh-lm-c-ß-fn¬ IpSpßn

h©n-X-cm-Ip-∂pw, IjvS-\-jvS-ßƒ

A\p-`-hn-°p-∂Xpw At±lw Xs‚

DtZym-K-Im-eØv t\cn´p I≠-dn-™p.

bmsXmcp klm-bhpw Ah¿°p

sNøm≥ X\n°p Ign-bm-Ø-Xn¬

At±lw ZpxJn-X-\p-am-bn-cp -∂p.

AØ-c-°msc klm-bn-°p-∂-Xn\v

\nbaw ]Tn®v h°o-em-I-W-sa-∂p-

t]mepw At±-l-Øn\v tXm∂m-Xn-cp-

∂n-√. Aßs\ "apJvØm¿' ]co-

£°v Xøm-sd-Sp-°pI t]mepw sN

bvXp At±-lw. F∂m¬, ]n∂oSv

Cu Btem-N-\bpw Dt]-£n-°p-I-

bp-≠m-bn. CXn-s\-°m-sfms° al-

Ømb henb Hcp ZuXyw apgp-tem-

I-Øn\pw th≠n ]q¿Øn-bm-°m-\p-

≠m-bn-cp-∂p- At±-l-Øn-\v. alvZn

ako-ln-eqsS AX-t±lw ]q¿Øn-bm-

°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn \v C∂v

\mapw temIw apgp-h\pw km£n-

Ifm-bn-Øo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p. (XpScpw)

(31 mw t]Pn¬ \n∂v XpS¿®)

221


apkm-^nÀ

GGGGG]n¬ amkw tImgn-t°m v

sh®v \S-Ønb A¬-˛-Jp¿-B≥

FIvkn-_n-j≥ kXym-t\z-jn-I-fpsS

Hcp-’-h-am-bn-cp-∂p. \nc-h[n bphm-

°ƒ FIvkn-_n-j≥ kµ¿in-°p-I-

bp-≠m-bn. hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\nse

ssh⁄m-\nI hnj-b-ßfpsS

AlvaZnøm ]cn-t]-£y-Øn-eq-sS-

bp≈ Zriym-hn-jv°m-c-am-bn-cp∂p

FIvkn-_n-j≥. Ah-cn¬ _lp-`q-

cn-]-£-Øn∂pw AlvaZnøm PamA

Øn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ ]e sX‰n-≤m-c-W-

Ifpw \oßn. CkvemanI ]am-W-ß-

fn-e-[n-jvTn-X-amb AlvaZnøm Pam

AØns‚ hmZ-ap-J-ßfpw ASn-Ø-

dbpw Ah¿°v Gsd-°psd t_m≤y-

am-bn. Pam-AsØ Ckveman, apPm-

ln-Zv, kp∂n-hn-`m-K-Øn¬s∏´ \nc-

h[n t]¿°v kXyw Kln-°m≥ Cu

FIvkn-_n-j≥ klm-b-I-c-am-bn.

Ah-cn¬s∏´ ]tXy-In®v Pam-

AsØ Ckveman Bap-Jy-ap-≈-h¿

]ecpw tNmZn® Hcp tNmZy-amWv

Cu Ipdn-s∏-gp-Xm-\p≈ ]tNm-Z-\w.

"Cukm-\-_n(-A) acn-°s´, acn-°m-

Xn-cn-°s´ AXv Ckvemans\ kw_-

‘n®v Hcp ]iv\-a-√. ]ns∂ \nß-

sf-¥n\v AXv ]m[m-\y-tØmsS ]d-

bp∂p' F∂m-bn-cp∂p B tNmZyw.

Cukm-\-_n(-A)sb kw_-

‘n® "acn-°s´, acn-°m-Xn-cn-°s´'

kn≤m-¥-Øns‚ tIc-f-Ønse apJy-

hm-‡mhv Pam-AsØ Ckveman-

bpsS alm-]-fin-X\pw _p≤n-cm-

£k\pw hm‹n-bp-sam-s°-bmbn

Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ P\m_v ssiJv apl-

Cukm-\-_n(-A)-bpsS ac-Whpw ssiJv apl-ΩZv

Imc-°p∂ns‚ "Zzµm-flI "s´' kn≤m-¥hpw'

ΩZv Imc-°p∂v BWv. Cukm-\-_n

(A)bpsS acWw Hcp ]iv\ta A√

F∂mWv ssiJv kmln-_ns‚

]£w... F.-Un.-_n. hmbv] ]vfm®n-

a-S, ]cn-ÿn-Xn, BZn-hmkn ]iv\w,

aZy-\bw XpSßn sXcphv \mS-Ihpw

]t£m-`-Whpw \S-Øm≥ kvtIm

∏p≈ \nc-h[n ]iv\-ßƒ \ap°p

Np‰p-ap-≈-t∏m¬ ]gb Hcp \-_n acn-

®p-t]mbn F∂p ]d™p \S-°p∂

AlvaZn-I-tfmSp ssiJ-h¿Iƒ°v

]ca ]p—w. Cub-Sp-Ø-Im-eØv

A_vZp- emw kp√an FgpXn ]kn-

≤o-I-cn® "JmZn-bm-\nkw' F∂

]pkvX-I-Øns‚ Ah-Xm-cn-I-bn-emWv

Hcp kw`m-j-W-cq-]-Øn¬ ssiJ-

h¿Iƒ Xs‚ "acn-°s´, acn-°m-Xn-

cn-°s´' kn≤m¥w Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-cn-

°p∂-Xv. Xs∂ kµ¿in-°m≥ h∂

Hcp kwLw AlvaZn-bp-hm-°ƒ°v

apºn¬ ssk≤m-¥n-I-\mb ssiJv

kmln_v Xs‚ "Zzµm-flI "s´' (a-

cn-°s´, acn-°m-Xn-cn-°s-´) kn≤m

¥w' Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw AlvaZn

bphm-°ƒ tXm‰ºn ÿew hnSp-

Ibpw sNbvXp F∂mWv hnh-c-Ww.

tImgn-t°ms´ sh≈n-am-SvIp-∂nse

At±-l-Øns‚ Hmô-kn¬ t]mb

kwL-Øn¬ Cu teJ-I-\p-ap-≠m-bn-

cp-∂p. kw`m-j-W-Øns‚ XpS°w

ssiJ-h¿Iƒ Ah-Xm-cn-I-bn¬ hnh-

cn-°p-∂Xv C]-Im-c-am-Wv.

"c≠v h¿jw apºv GXm\pw

bphm -°ƒ Hmô -kn¬ h∂p.

Xßƒ AlvaZnøm Pam-AØv ]

h¿Ø-I-cm-sW∂v kzbw ]cn-N-b-s∏-

SpØn. Ipi-em-t\z-j-W-ßƒ°v ti

jw tNmZn-®p: "Cukm-\_n acn-®n-

´pt≠m? AXn-t∏mƒ \sΩ _m[n-

°p∂ auenI ]iv\-a-√t√m. AXn-

\m¬ acn-s®-¶n¬ acn-°s´, acn-®n-

s√¶n-¬ Pohn®p sIm≈s´' Cu

adp-]Sn Ah-cn¬ hnkva-b-ap-W¿Øn-

b-Xmbn tXm∂n A¤p-X-tØmsS

Ah¿ tNmZn-®p: "F¥mWv auenI

]iv\-a-s√∂v ]d-bm≥ ImcWw?'

AlvaZn-I-fmb Rßƒ ssiJ-

h¿I-fpsS DØcw tI´v hnkva-bn®v

A¤p-X-]-c-X-¥-⁄-cmbn Xcn®p

\n∂ hnhcw amX-amWv At±-l-sa-

gp-Xn-b-Xv. Rß-fpsS ]Xyp-Ø-chpw

AXv tI´v ssiJ-h¿Iƒ°p-≠mb

]cp-ßepw apgp-h≥ sk≥k¿ sN

bvXn- mWv Ah-Xm-cn-I-bn¬ kw`m-j-

W-hn-h-cWw Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

At±-l-Øns‚ sIm®p-sIm®p U-b-

tem-Kp-I-fn-eqsS ]ptcm-K-an-°p∂

kw`m-j-W-Øns‚ ]cn-Wm-a-Kp-]vXn-

bn¬ AlvaZn-I-fmb Rßƒ \new-

]-cn-imbn ÿew hnSp-∂p. CXmWv

Ah-Xm-cn-I-bpsS CXn-hr-Øw. BK-

l-ßƒ°v AXn-cn-√-t√m. tUm¨

IznIvtkm- ns\t∏mse Snbm≥ Ah-

Xm-cn-I-bn¬ \ngent\mSv A¶w shń

Pbn-°p-I-bmWv.

Rßƒ At±-l-Øn\v D-Øcw

\¬In-bXv C]-Im-c-am-bn-cp∂p:

Cukm-\-_n(-A)bpsS hnjbw acn-

°s´, acn-°m-Xn-cn-°s´ AsXmcp

]iv\-a√ F∂v ]d™v \n m-c-am-

°n-bm¬ \n m-c-am-Ip-∂X√. Imc

Ww Ckvemw Ah-km-\-Im-eØv

222


A[x-]-Xn-°p-sa∂pw Po¿Wn-°p-

sa∂pw apkvenwIƒ _e-lo-\-cmbn

ae-sh-≈-Ønse N≠n-Iƒ t]mse

Zp¿_-e-cm-bn-Øo-cp-sa∂pw Z÷m¬

bAvPqPv aAvPqPv apX-emb i‡n-

I-fpsS BI-a-W-Øn\v hnt[-b-am-hp-

sa∂pw Jp¿-B-\nepw lZo-knepw

]d-b-s∏- ncn-°p-∂p. AXn¬ \n∂pw

apkvenw DΩ-Øns\ c£n-°m≥ Pam-

AsØ Ckveman hcp-sat∂m tIcf

\ZvhØp¬ apPm-ln-Zo≥ hcp-sat∂m

kp∂n-Itfm dm_n-Ø-Øp¬ Be-

an¬ Ckveman hcp-sat∂m dkq¬

Xncp-ta\n ]h-Nn-®n- n-√. dkq¬ Xncp-

ta\n ]d-™Xpw CkvemanI ]am-

W-ß-fn¬ tcJs∏´Xpamb ]iv\-]-

cn-lm-cw Ckvemans‚ BtKm-f-hn-P-

b-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ Hcp ]h-N-\-

amWv. AXv akolv C_v\p-a-dn-b-an-

t‚bpw Camw alvZn-bp-tSbpw Cd-°-

amWv. apkvenwIƒ A©p-t\-csØ

]m¿∞-\-bn¬ ]d-bp∂ Z÷m-ens‚

kwlm-c-I\pw ako-lmWv. \qdp-

tImSn apkvenwIƒ At±-lØns‚

Cd°Øn\v th≠n ImØn-cn-°p-∂p.

At∏mƒ acn-°s´, acn-°m-Xn-cn-°s´

As√-¶n¬ hcs´, hcm-Xn-cn-°s´,

Ckvemans\ kw_-‘n®v AsXmcp

]iv\ta A√, F∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv icn-

bmtWm? amX-a√ Ccp-∂qdv tImSn

InkvXym-\n-Iƒ temIsØ t\¿h-

gn-bn-te°v \bn-°m≥ hcp-sa∂

]Xo-£-tbmsS BIm-i-tØ°v

angnbpw \ v ImØn-cn-°p∂ aX-]p-cp-

j\pw a‰m-cp -a√. Cukm-\_n

Xs∂!! At∏mƒ c≠p ]_e aX-

ß-fpsS ]am-W-ß-fn¬ ]d-b-s∏´

Cukm-\_n, "hcs´, hcm-Xn-cn-°s´

AsXmcp ]iv\-a√' F∂v ]d-bp∂-

Xn-t\-°mƒ "Pam-AsØ Ckveman

hcs´, hcm-Xn-cn-°s´ Ckveman∂v

AsXmcp ]iv\-a√' F∂v ]d--bp-∂-

Xt√ icn? ImcWw Pam-AsØ

Ckveman Ckvemans\ c£n-°m≥

hcp-sa∂v Ckvem-anI ]am-W-ß-fn¬

Fhn-sSbpw ]d-b-s∏- n- n-√-. \nßƒ

°m-Is´ AØ-c-Øn-ep≈ Ah-Im-

i-hm-Z-hp-an-√. ˛ ssiJv kmln_v

Aev]-sam∂v ]cpßn F∂n´ v

]d™p:

"CkvemanI kwL-S-\-I-fmWv

Ckvemans\ hnP-bn-∏n-°pI'. hywKy-

ambn Pam-AsØ Ckveman-bpsS

km[p-Xsb \ymbo-I-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-

cp∂p ssiJv kmln-_v.

Rßƒ ]d-™p: "kwL-S-\-

Isf∏‰n dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n ]d™

Imcy-ßƒ AX Bim-h-l-a-√.

_\o Ckm-tb¬ kap-Zmbw 72

I£n-I-fmbn ]ncn -™p. Fs‚

DΩØv 73 I£n-I-fmbn ]ncn-bpw. A-

Xn¬ Rm\pw Fs‚ klm-_Øpw

Ccn-°p∂ Ah-ÿ-bn-ep≈ Hcp

I£n HgnsI as‰-√m-hcpw \c-I-Øn-

em-bn-cn-°p-sa∂pam-Wt√m dkq¬

Xncp-ta-\n(-k) ]d-™-Xv. At∏mƒ

a\p-jy-\n¿ΩnX kwL-S-\-I-f√

CkvemanI ]p\cp÷o-h-\w sIm≠p-

h-cn-I. A√m-lp-hns‚ dkq-en-s\-

t∏msebp≈ Hcmƒ Bhn¿`-hn°p

Ibpw XpS¿∂v At±-l-Øns‚ A\p-

N-c-∑m-cpsS I£nbpamWv B Ir

Xyw \n¿∆-ln-°p-I. kaq-l-Øns‚

]p\cp÷o-h\w kwL-S-\-Isf Gev

]n-°p∂ ]Xnhv A√mlphn\n√

F∂mWv hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬

\ap°v ImWm≥ Ign-bp-I'.

ho≠pw Rß-fpsS kw`m-

jWw ]ptcm-K-an-®p. Cukm\-_n-

bpsS acWw hymJym-\-km-[y-X-bp-

≈Xpw Zpcq-l-X-bp≈Xpam-sW-

∂mbn ssiJv kmln-_v. At±lw

C]-Imcw hni-Zo-I-cn-®p.

"Jp¿-B-\n¬ AXn-s\-°p-dn-

s®m∂pw (Cu-km-\-_n-bpsS ac-Ww)

]d-™n-ń-√-t√m. Jp¿-B-\n¬ AXv

hy‡-ambpw Jfin-X-ambpw ]d-

™n-´p-s≠-¶n¬ hnizm-kn-Iƒ°n-S-

bn¬ A°m-cy-Øn¬ A`n-]m-b-hy-

Xym-k-ap-≠m-Ip-I-bn-√t√m. PqX-∑m¿

Cu km-\-_n(-A)sb Iqin-°p-

Itbm h[n-°p-Itbm sNbvXn-ń-

s√∂v apkv enwI-sfm-s°bpw hniz-

kn-°p-∂Xv Jp¿-B≥ AXv kwi-b-

c-ln-X-ambn ]d-™-Xn-\m-em-Wv.

Cukm-\-_n (A)bpsS ac-Ww,

hymJym\ km[y-X-bp-≈-Xn-\m-emWv

ho£-W-hy-Xymkw \ne-\n¬°p-

∂Xv. (A-h-Xm-cn-I-bn¬ \n∂v) CXn\v

Rßƒ ]d™ adp-]Sn Ah-Xm-cn-

I-bn¬ sImSp-Øn- n-√. AXv ChnsS

tN¿°p∂p:

hfsc _men-i-amb Hcp hmZ-

amWv ssiJv kmln_v ChnsS D∂-

bn-°p-∂-Xv. Cukm-\-_n(-A)sb

h[n-°p-Itbm Iqin-°p-Itbm sN

bvXn-ń-√ F∂v Jp¿-B≥ kwi-b-c-

ln-X-ambn ]d-bp-Ibpw ac-W-Im-cy-

Øn¬ hymJym-\-km-[y-X-bp≈

kwi-b-Øn¬ hnSp-Ibpw sNbvXp

F∂ hmZw Jp¿B\v A]-Io¿Øn-

I-c-am-Wv. Cu c≠v hn[-Ønepw

Cukm-\-_n(-A) acn-®n-s√-¶n¬

]ns∂ Cukm-\-_n acn-°m≥ km[y-

X-bn√ F∂v ssiJv kmln _v

ktµ-l-hn-h-i-\m-hp-∂Xv bp‡n-k-

l-a-√. Cukm-\_n(A) acn-®n√

F∂v Jp¿-B≥ ]tXyIw ]d-bm-

ØXv sIm≠mWv Cukm-\-_n

(A)bpsS acWw hymJym-\-hn-t[-b-

am-hp-∂-Xv F∂ A`n-]mbw adp-]Sn

A¿ln-°p-∂n-√. ]hm-N-I-∑m-c-S°w

a\p-jy-cn¬ _lp-`q-cn-]-£hpw ac

Ww F∂ ]Ir-Xn-\n-b-a-Øn\v hnt[-

b-cm-hp-∂Xv h[n-°-s∏-Sm-sXbpw

Iqin -°-s∏-SmsX-bp -am -Wt√m.

Cukm-\_n (A) h[n-°-s∏-Sp-

Itbm Iqin-°-s∏-Sp-Itbm sNøm-

ØXv aqew At±lw acn-°m-\n-S-bn√

F∂ ssiJv kmln-_ns‚ kwibw

InkvXy≥ kzm[o\w sIm≠m-sW

∂v Rßƒ ]d-™m¬ AXv sX‰m-

Iptam? bp‡n-bp-ambn AXn\v

_‘-an-√. "Cukm-\-_n (A)sb

h[n-°p-Itbm Iqin-°p-Itbm sN

bvXp' F∂ ZpjvScmb blq-Zn-I-

fpsS Btcm-]-W-Øn\v, Aßs\

Ah¿°v sNøm≥ km[n-®n-ń√

F∂v adp-]Sn ]d-bp-I-bmWv Jp¿-

B≥ sNøp-∂-Xv. B adp-]-Sn-bpsS

A¿∞w AX-am-X-am-Wv. ChnsS

At±lØns‚ ac-W-sØ∏‰n ]d-bm-

Ø-Xn-\m¬ acn-°m≥ km[y-X-bn√

223


F∂v \ncp-]n-°p-∂Xv Fs¥mcp

_men-i-amb hmZ-am-Wv?

Ah-Xm-cnI XpS-cp∂p: "`qan-

bn¬ P\n-®-h-scms° acn-°pa-t√m.

AXn-\m¬ Cukm-\-_nbpw acn-®n- p-

s≠∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xt√ icn'.

"kvXobpsS Afihpw ]pcp-

js‚ _oPhpw tN¿∂m-Wt√m

F√m Ip™p-ßfpw P∑w sIm≈p-

∂Xv. F∂m¬ Cukm-\-_n-bpsS

P\\w Aß-s\-b-s√-∂Xv kpk-Ω-

X-a-sX. P\-\-Øn¬ kw`-hn-®Xv

t]mse ac-W-Ønepw Akm-[m-c-

WXzw kw -hn-®p-IqtS'? (A-h-Xm-cn-

I-bn¬ \n∂v)

ssiJv kmln_v Ah-Xm-cn-I-

bn¬ Fgp-Xm-Ø-Xpw Rßƒ ]d-

™-Xp-amb adp-]-Sn: "Cukm-\_n

(A)sb adnbw _ohn K¿`w [cn-

®Xn\m¬ Akm-[m-c-WXzw D≠v

F∂Xv icn Xs∂. F¶nepw AXv

]IrXn \nb-a-ßƒs°Xn-c-√. D -b-

enw-K-Xzw, ]m¿s∞t\msP\n-knkv

F∂o ssPh-imkvX ]Xn-`m-k-

ßƒ a\p-jy-cnepw kw -hn-°m-sa∂v

imkvXw Xncn-®-dn-™n- p-≠v. Jp¿-B-

\n¬ Cukm-\-_n-(A)bpsS DZm-l-

c-Ww BZ-an-s\-t∏m-se-bm-sW∂v ]d-

bp-∂p. Cukm-\-_n(-A)°v DΩ-sb-

¶n-ep-ap≠v. amXmhpw ]nXm-hp-an-

√msX P\n®Xn\m¬ BZw-\-_n(-A)

acn-°msX BIm-i-Øn-cn-°p∂p

F∂p ]d-bmtam? Cukm-\-_n(-A)

P\n®p hf¿∂-t∏mƒ km[m-c-W-

t]mse `£Ww Ign-°p-I-bpw \S-

°p-Ibpw Dd-ßp-Ibpw A≤zm-\n-°p-

Ipbw bmX-\bpw thZ-\bpw kln-

°pIbpw sNbvX-Xmbn Jp¿-B≥

]d-bp-∂p. ]ns∂ ac-W-Øn¬ amX-

samcp Akm-[m-c-WXzw ImWp-∂Xv

icn-bmtWm? ]nXmhn-√mØ tbip-

hns‚ ]nXmhv ssZh-am-sW∂pw

Bb-Xn-\m¬ ssZh-Øns‚ `mK-

amsW∂pw AXp-sIm≠v tbip-hn\v

ac-W-an-s√-∂p-amWv InkvXym-\n-Iƒ

hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xv. XXz-Øn¬ In

kvXym-\n-IfpsS hnizm-ksØ km[q-

I-cn-°p-∂-Xt√ Cu hnizm-kw?

ssiJ-h¿Iƒ \ni-_vZ-\mbn as‰mcp

hnj-b-Øn-te°v IS-∂p.

Ah-Xm-cn-I-bn¬ XpS¿s∂-gp-

Xp∂p: "Cukm-\_n acn-®n- n-s√-¶n¬

Imivao-cn¬ At±-l-Øns‚ I_v¿

D≠m-Iptam?' Iq´-Øn¬ Hcmƒ

tNmZn-®p.

Iivao-cn¬ Cukm-\-_n-bpsS

I_vtdm? AhnsS AXn-s√∂v Dd-

∏mWv. Rm≥ Xd-∏n®p ]d-™p.

F¥p-sIm≠v Ah-c-t\z-jn-®p.

Iivao-cn¬ Cukm-\-_n-bpsS

I_v¿ Ds≠¶n¬ InkvXym-\n-Ifpw

apkvenwIfpw shdpsX hnSptam?

tbip-hn\v ]Xn-a-bp-≠m-°nb ssI

kvXh kaqlw At±-l-Øns‚

I_v¿ Is≠-Øn-bm¬ Fs¥m-s°-

bmWv sNøpI! \_n(-k)-bpsS apSn-

bp-s≠∂ sFXn-ly-Øns‚ t]cn¬

Iivao-cn-Iƒ Imń-°q- p-∂Xv Adn-bm-

Ø-h-cm-cp-an-√t√m. \nßƒ ]ns∂

Cukm-\-_n(-A)-bpsS I_v¿ Is≠

Øn-bm¬ F¥m-bn-cn-°pw kw -hn-°p-

I-sb∂v Duln°mhp-∂-X-t√-bp-

≈q.'' (A-h-Xm-cn-I-bn¬ \n∂v)

(ssiJv kmln_v Ah-Xm-cn-I-

bn¬ tN¿°mØ Rß-fpsS adp-

]Sn)

Iivao-cn¬ tbip-hns‚ I_¿

Ds≠-∂-dn-™m¬ apkvenw-Iƒ sN

øp-∂Xv t]mse Pmdw kwL-Sn-∏n®v

B≠pw t\¿®bpambn InkvXym-\n-

Iƒ AXv BtLm-jn-°p-sa∂ Xm¶-

fpsS mh\ \nc¿∞Iw F∂√msX

F¥v ]d-bmWv tbip acn®p F∂v

ÿm]n-®m¬ ]ns∂ InkvXp-a-X-

Øns‚ IY -I-gn-™p. ]n∂oSv I_-

dn-S-Øn¬ t]mbn BtLm-jn-°m≥

InkvXp-a-X-sa-hn-sS? tbip ssZh

tam, ssZh-Øns‚ `mKtam BsW

∂mWv InkvXym-\n-Iƒ hniz-kn-°p-

∂Xv. ssZhw acn®v I_-dn¬°n-S-°p-

tºmƒ acn® ssZh-Øns‚ aXw

t]mbn I_-dn-S-Øn¬ BtLm-jw

\S-Øptam? tbip acn®p F∂v

ÿm]n-°-s∏-Sptºm-ƒ InkvXp-a-X-

Øns‚ AYhm ISpØ io¿°≥

hnizm-k-Øns‚ ASn-Ød XI¿∂p-

t]m-Ip-∂p. AXp-sIm≠mWv In

kvXym-\n-Iƒ Cu hmZw tIń√

F∂v \Sn-°pIbpw Ah-kcw In´p-

tºmƒ apkvenwI-fp-ambn IqSn -

t®¿∂v FXn¿°pI-bpw sNøp-∂Xv.

in¿°ns\Xnsc-bp≈ Cu hmZ-

Øns‚ ]l-c-tijn ssiJv kmln-

_n\v C\nbpw a\- n-em-bn-ń-s√∂v

tXm∂p-∂p. Ah-Xm-cnIbnse Rß-

fpsS tNmZyhpw ssiJns‚ DØ-

chpw XpS-cp∂p

"Cukm-\_n h∂v Ipcniv

XI¿°p-sa∂pw ]∂nsb sIm√p-

sa∂psams° ]d™v A£-cm¿ ∞-

Øn¬ AXp -t]mse kw` -hn -

°psa∂mtWm \nß-fpsS hmZw?

""hcp-sa∂ hmKvZm\w AtX-

t]mse kw`-hn-°p-sa-¶n¬ h∂v

sNøp-sa∂p ]d™ Imcy-ßfpw

A∆n[w Xs∂-bp-≠m-hp-sa∂v hniz-

kn-°-et√ bp‡n''

Cu kwkmcw \oń-s°m-≠p-

t]m-Im≥ Ah¿ Xmev]cyw ImWn-

®n-√. an¿km _io-dp-±o≥ alvaqZv

AlvaZns‚ "AlvaZn-øØv AYhm

bYm¿∞ Ckvemw' F∂ ]pkvX

Iw kΩm-\n®v ÿew hnSp-Ibpw

sNbvXp. (A-h-Xm-cn-I-bn¬ \n∂v)

ssiJv kmln-_ns‚ Kwò-c≥

"bp‡n-' tI v AlvaZn-I-fmb bphm-

°ƒ ÿew-hn´p F∂mWv At±lw

Ah-Xm-cn-I-bn¬ Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

icn-bmWv. Cu alm-bp-‡n-bpsS

Ak-l-\o-bX sIm≠m-bn-cn°mw

Rßƒ A∂v ÿew hn´sX∂v

tXm∂p∂p.

Cukm-\-_n(-A) hcp-sa∂ hm

KvZm\w t]mse-Øs∂ (_m-KvZm-

Znse sh≈ an\m-c-Øn¬ ae-°p-I-

fpsS Nnd-In-en-cp-∂p-sIm≠v hmfp-am-

bp≈ Cd-°w) ]∂n-th- bpw Ipcniv

DS-°epw A£-cm¿∞-Øn¬ Xs∂

kw`-hn-°p-sa-∂mWv ssk≤m¥n-I-

\mb ssiJv kmln-_ns‚ bp‡n-(-tijw 42˛mw t]Pn¬)

224


tImgn-t°mSv Pam-A-Ønse

sI.-]n. C_mlnw kmln_v (66) 1˛4-

˛2007\v h^m-Ømbn. C∂m-en-√m-

ln.... A√mlp ]tc-X\v P∂Øpw

sI.-]n. C_mlnw kmln_vsI.-]n. C_mlnw kmln_vsI.-]n. C_mlnw kmln_vsI.-]n. C_mlnw kmln_vsI.-]n. C_mlnw kmln_vaKv^n-dØpw \¬In A\p-K-ln-°-

s´...

`mcy: sF.-sI. kpss_-Z.

a°ƒ : sI.-]n. \ko¿ AlvaZv, sI.-

]n. \pdp-±o≥, sI.-]n. kndm-Pp-±o≥,

sI.-]n. ap\o-d, sI.-]n. ssee, sI.-

]n. j°o-e. acp-a-°ƒ : Sn.-sI.

A_vZp-dlnw (\n-e-ºq¿), Fw.-sI.

A_vZpƒ Peo¬ (a-Æm¿°m-Sv), kn.

a≥kq¿ AlvaZv (tIm-gn-t°m-Sv), Sn.-

sI. kplvd (I-cp-fm-bn), kn.-sI.

Pkoe (hm-Wnb-º-ew), _n. dmjnZ

(]-g-b-ßm-Sn)

tNe-°c Pam-A-Ønse P\m-_v

kn. A_q-_-°¿ kmln_v (79) 30-

˛3-˛2007 sh≈n-bmgvN ]`m-X-Øn¬

]c-temI ]m]vX-\m-bn. C∂m-en-

√mln hC∂m Csseln dmPn-Du≥.

at©-cn-°-Sp-Øp≈ ]Ø-∏n-cn-

bsØ Hcp ]apJ IpSpw-_-amb

sNdp-ImSv Xd-hm-ńse AwK-am-bn-

cp∂p ]tc-X≥. 1950 apX¬ ]Ø-

∏n-cn-bØv AlvaZnøm ]ÿm\w

kPoh N¿®m-hn-j-b-am-Ip-Ibpw

AtXØpS¿∂p Cu IpSpw-_-hp-

ambn _‘-ap≈ P\m_v kn.-sI.

Aehn kmln_pw a‰v Nne hy‡n-

kn. A_q-_-°¿ kmln_vkn. A_q-_-°¿ kmln_vkn. A_q-_-°¿ kmln_vkn. A_q-_-°¿ kmln_vkn. A_q-_-°¿ kmln_vIfpw AlvaZn-øØv kzoI-cn-°p-

Ibpw sNbvX 1955 Ime-ØmWv kn.

A_q-_-°¿ kmln_v AlvaZnøm

Pam-A-Øn¬ ]th-in-®-Xv. AlvaZn-

øØv kzoI-cn-®-Xns\ØpS¿∂p

≠mb FXn¿∏p-Ifpw ]co-£-W-

ßfpw At±lw £am-]q¿∆w Xc

Ww sNbvXp. ]tem-`-\-ßƒ°pw

òj-Wn-Iƒ°pw At±lw hg-ßn-bn-

√. ]Ø-∏n-cnbw ]≈n \n¬°p∂

ÿehpw I_¿ÿm\pw At±-l-

Øns‚ qan-bm-bn-cp∂p. AXv Pam-

A-Øn\v kuP-\y-ambn \¬Im≥

At±lw Xøm-dm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw

Nne ktlm-Z-c-∑m-cpsS BK-l]-

Imcw sNdnb Hcp XpI ssI∏-‰pI

amX-amWv At±lw sNbvX-Xv.

ImgvN i‡n Xosc C√m-bn-cp-

∂p-sh-¶nepw Bflo-b-amb Dƒ

°mgvN Gsd-bp≈ Bfm-bn-cp-∂p

]tc-X≥.

Pam-A-Øn¬ ]th-in-®-Xn\v

tijw tcmK-i-ø-bn-em-Ip-∂Xp hsc

F√m kwÿm\ ktΩ-f-\-ß-fnepw

aIs‚ ssI]n-Sn®v ]s¶-Sp-Øn-cp-∂p.

Jnem- -Øn-t\mSpw \nkm-an-t\mSpw

hf-sc-b-[nIw BZ-chpw _lp-am-\-

hp-am-bn-cp-∂p. 1991 ¬ l: Jeo-^-

Øp¬ akolv dm_n-Av (d.-A) ]cn-

ip≤ JmZn-bm-\n¬ P¬k°v FØn-

b-t∏mƒ bmXm-t¢-i-ßƒ XrW-

h¬K-Wn®v ]tc-X\pw JmZn-bm-\n¬

FØn. Pam-A-Øns‚ ]h¿Ø-\-

ß-fn¬ At±lw kPo-h-ambn ]s¶-

Sp-Øp. auem\m _n. A_vZp-√mlv

kmln_v F®v.F tbmSp≈ BZ-

chpw Iqdpw At±lw Xs‚ A`n-am-

\-ambn kq£n-®n-cp-∂p. BXnYy

acym-Zbpw k¬s]-cp-am-‰hpw D’m-

l-`-cn-X-amb kvt\l k√m-]hpw

At±-l-Øns‚ apJ-apZIfm-bn-cp-∂p.

Zo¿L-Imew ]Ø-∏n-cnbw Pam-A-

Øn¬ At±lw ]h¿ØI kanXn

AwK-am-bn-cp-∂p. 1982 apX¬ tNe-

°-c-bn-te°v Xmakw am‰n-sb-¶nepw

]Ø-∏n-cn-b-hp-am-bp≈ _‘w \ne-

\n¿Øn-h-∂p. AlvaZn-I-fp-ambn amX-

a-√, ]nXr IpSpw-_-°m-cb sNdp-Im-

´p-Im-cp-ambpw amXr-Ip-Spw-_-°m-cmb

hS-°-∑m-cp-ambpw At±lw Ft∏m

gpw kpZr-V-amb kvt\l-_‘w

]pe¿Øn. tNe-°c Pam-A-Øns‚

ÿm]-I-\mb a¿lpw l ≥Ipń

aue-hn-bp-sS aIƒ ssk\_m km

ln-_-bmWv kl-[¿Ωn-Wn. a°ƒ:

kn. JZo-P, kn. \mk¿ AlvaZv (Jm-

CZv, aPvenkv Jp±m-ap¬ AlvaZnøm,

tNe-°-c) acp-a-°ƒ: sI. ]n. _jo¿

AlvaZv kmln-_v, Fw. ssk^p-∂n-

k. \nkvIm-cm-\-¥cw P\mk tNe-

°c J_¿ÿm-\n¬ ad-b-S-°-s∏- p.

A√mlp ]tc-Xm-flm-hn\v P∂Øpw

aKv n-dØpw \¬Ip-am-dm-I-s´.

auehnauehnauehnauehnauehn

Sn.-Fw. apl-ΩZv, ap_-√nKvSn.-Fw. apl-ΩZv, ap_-√nKvSn.-Fw. apl-ΩZv, ap_-√nKvSn.-Fw. apl-ΩZv, ap_-√nKvSn.-Fw. apl-ΩZv, ap_-√nKv

225


(35 ˛mw t]Pn¬ \n∂v XpS¿®)

Nn-¥. t] hnj-_m[ \mń¬ ]c-°p-

tºmƒ ]ń]nSp-Ø-°msc ]ńsb

sIm√m≥ A[n-Ir-X¿ \nb-an-°m-dp-

≠v. ]∂n-bn-d®n ldm-am-sW∂Xv icn-

X-s∂. ]t£, AXns\ sIms∂m

Sp°m≥ Hcp ]hm-N-Is\ A√mlp

\nb-an-°p-∂-Xnse bp‡n-sb-¥m-Wv?

A]-Imcw N¿®p-Iƒ°v apI-fn¬

\mńb Ipcniv kvss]U¿am-s\-

t∏mse Ibdn Cukm-\_n XI¿

Øv \in-∏n-°p-sa-∂-Xnse bp‡nbpw

\ap°v Xncn-bp-∂n-√. Hcp-]t£, Pam-

AsØ Ckveman-°m¿°v amXw a\-

n-em-hp∂ Cu bp‡n-hmZw tI´p-

\n¬°m≥ Ign-bm-ØXv sIm≠m-bn-

cn°mw Rß-f∂v kemw ]d™v

ÿew hn -Xv.

Cuk_v\p adn-b-ans‚ hchpw

]∂nsb sIm√epw Ipcniv DS-°-ep-

sa√mw ]h-N-\- m-j-bnse Be-¶m-

cnI ]tbm-K-ß-fm-Wv. C_v\p-a-dnbw

_\o-C-km-bo¬ kap-Zm-b-Øn¬

c≠m-bncw h¿jw apºv h∂v acn-®p-

t]mb Cukm-\-_n(-A)b√. At±-

l-Øn\v kZr-i-\mb apl-ΩZv \_n

(-k)-bpsS DΩ-Ønse Hcp alm-

flmhmWv. At±lw h∂p. AXm-Wv

lZvdØv AlvaZv (A). ]∂nsb

sIm√pI F∂v ]d-™m¬ ]∂n-sb-

t∏mse euIn-tI-O-I-fn¬ apgpIn

Pohn-°p∂ a\p-jy-cnse Bk-‡n-

Isf kwl-cn-°-emWv AXp-sIm≠v

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂Xv. Ipcniv DS-°pI

F∂-Xv, Ipcn-in¬ tbip acn®v aq

∂mw \mƒ Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂‰v ssZh-

tØmsSm∏w BIm-i-Øn-cn°p∂p

F∂ hnizm-ksØ XI¿°-ep-am-Wv.

lZvdØv AlvaZv sNbvXXv AXm-

Wv. CsX√mw A£-cm¿∞-Øn¬

kw -hn-°p-sa∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv bp‡n-

bm-sW∂v ]d-bp∂ ssiJv apl-ΩZv

Imc-°p-∂ns‚ bp‡n-t_m[w a\-»m-

kvX-∑m-cpsS ]T-\-Øn\v hnt[-b-am-

t°≠ hnj-b-am-sWt∂ -]-d-bm-\p-

≈q. dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n(-k)-bpsS Cu

]h-N-\sØ kw_-‘n®v Bfp-I-

fn¬ Ahn-izmkw P\n-∏n-°m≥ Icp-

Xn-°qń ]d-bp-∂-XmtWm CsX∂pw

\mw kwi-bnt°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

apkvenwIƒ A[x-]-Xn -°p-

(40 ˛mw t]Pn¬ \n∂v XpS¿®)

tºmƒ A√mlp Ab-°p-sa∂v

]d™ C_v\p-a-dnbw hcs´ hcm-Xn-

cn-°s´, ]iv\-]-cn-lm-c-Øn\v Rß-

fpsS ]m¿ń ChnsSbp-≠t√m ]ns∂-

sb-¥n\v C_v\p-a-dn-b-ans\ Ab-

°Ww? CXmWv ssiJv kmlns‚

"Zzmµm-flI "s´' kn≤m-¥-Øns‚

s]mcpƒ. GXm-bmepw ]cn-ip≤

"Zo\p¬ Ckvemw' tIhew Hcp

cmjvSob ]m¿ń-bpsS tIme-Øn-

ep≈ Hcp CS-]m-S√ F∂ kXyw

apkvenw bphm-°ƒ Ffp-∏-Øn¬

Xncn--®-dn-bp∂p F∂Xv ip -I-c-a-sX.

Iq-Smfn Pam-AØv kwL-Sn-∏n® \_n-Io¿Ø\ tbmK-Øn¬ auehnkn.]n. sambvXn≥Ipń kmln_v ]kw-Kn-°p-∂p. auehn Ckvambn¬kmln_v, IÆq¿ taJem Aao¿ F≥. Ip™-l-ΩZv amÃ¿ kmln_v

F∂n-h¿ kao]w

Iƒ At±lhpambn kwhm-Z-hpw

A`n-ap-J-N¿®bpw \S-Øn-bn-´p-≠v

F∂ Imcyhpw ChnsS kvacn-°p-∂p.

At±-lsØ KqVm-tem-N\ \SØn

sIme-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXv Iqchpw Im´m-

f-Ø-hp-am-Wv. "Hcmsf A\ymb-ambn

h[n-®m¬ Hcp kaq-lsØ apgp-h≥

h[n-®Xv t]mse-bmWv' F∂ Jp¿-

Bs‚ hN\w ChnsS Gsd ]k-

‡-am-Wv. aue-hn-bpsS sIme-]m-X-

Iw-t]mse Xs∂ A]-e-]-\o-b-am-Wv

At±-l-Øns‚ sIme-]m-X-I-Øn¬

tIc-f-Ønse cmjvSob t\XrXzhpw

A[n-Im-c-ÿcpw ImWn-°p∂ \n w-

K-Xbpw HØp-Xo¿∏p-Ifpw. FX

Kuc-h-X-c-amb a\p-jym-h-Imi ]

iv\-ßfpw Xnc-s™-Sp∏v cmjvSo-b-

Øn\p apºn¬ Zmcp-W-ambn Ah-K-

Wn-°-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ \ΩpsS knhn¬

kaql-Øns‚ [m¿Ωn-I-i-‡n-bpsS

\mi-sØ-bmWv AXv kqNn-∏n-°p-

∂Xv.

aXw a\p-jys\ arKo-b-X-bn¬

\n∂pw a\p-jy-\m-°p-∂p. AhnsS

\n∂pw a\p-jys\ amem-J-bm°n

am‰p-∂p. aX-Øns‚ t]cn¬ a\p-jy-

lXy \S-Øp-∂-h¿ ssZh-Øn-t‚bpw

aX-Øn-t‚bpw a\p-jy-t‚bpw iXp-

°-fm-Wv. (A-h-km-\n-®p).

226

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w Ipdn-‚p-I˜Ipdn-‚p-I˜ · 2007 sabv 3 ap¡m´ \qäm›v ]n¶n« ae-bm-f-ﬂnse GI CkvemanI {]kn-†o-I-cWw Printed & Published by M.A. Muhammed, for the Kerala Ahmadiyya Jama-at