an - anA ve an tekil isimlerin önüne gelerek "bir" anlamını verir. Baş harfi sessiz olan isimlerle a, sesli olan isimlerle an kullanılır.i.e: a book bir kitap an apple bir elma

a) Aşagıdaki isimleri (1-14) yüksek sesle okuyunuz.b) Boş olan yerlere (15-28) a veya an koyunuz.1. a pencil 2. an egg 3. a chair 4. a house5. a door 6. window 7. an orange 8. a dog9. a table 10. a lesson 11. an aeroplane 12. a flower13. a car 14. an apple

15. __ car 16. __ tree 17. __ orange 18. __ egg19. __ school 20. __ ship 21. __ flower 22. __ bus23. __ apple 24. __ box 25. __ door 26. __ lesson27. __ train 28. __ aeroplane

Tekil CümleTekil cümlelerdeki tekil özne ile to be fiilinin tekil şekli is kullanılır. Örneğin “masadır, evdir, okuldur.” sözcüklerindeki “dır, dir, dur" takılarının yerine; is sözcüğü tutar.i.e: This is a pencil. Bu bir kalemdir.

That is an apple. Şu bir elmadır.

a) Cümleleri (1-18) yüksek sesle okuyunuz.b) Boş olan yerlere (19-36) is veya a, an koyunuz. Örnek: This ____ an orange. This is an orange.1. This is a train. 10. That is an egg.2. This is window. 11. That is a school.3. This is a room. 12. That is a house.4. This is a dog. 13. That is a book.5. This is a horse. 14. That is a pencil. 6. This is a car. 15. That is a chair.7. This is a flower. 16. That is a bus. 8. This is a boy. 17. That is a girl.9. That is a ship. 18. That is an aeroplane.

19. This____ an aeroplane. 28. That____ a girl.20. This is ____ wall. 29. That____ a tree.21. This is____ flower. 30. That____ a window.22. This is____ egg. 31. This____ an orange.23. That is ____ ship. 32. That____ a house.24. This is____ apple. 33. This____ a door.25. That is____ orange. 34. This is____ horse.26. That____ an egg. 35. This is____ box.27. That____ a room. 36. This is____ boy.

What (A) What bir soru sözcüğüdür, "ne" anlamına gelir.

What is this? Bu nedir?It is a book. O bir kitaptır.

Sorulara, parantez içinde verilen sözcükleri kullanarak cevap veriniz. Cevap cömlenize it ile başlayınız.Örnek: What is that? (a pencil) It is a pencil.1. What is this? (a house) _________________________2. What is that? (chair) _________________________3. What is this? (an egg) _________________________4. What is this? (a door) _________________________5. What is that? (a train) _________________________6. What is that? (an apple) _________________________7. What is this? (a room) _________________________8. What is that? (an orange) _________________________9. What is this? (a cat) _________________________10. What is that? (a tree) _________________________11. What is this? (a flower) _________________________12. What is that? (a wall) _________________________13. What is this? (a dog) _________________________14. What is that? (an aeroplane) _________________________15. What is this? (a bus) _________________________16. What is that? (a ship) _________________________17. What is that? (a train) _________________________18. What is that? (a table) _________________________19. What is this? (a box) _________________________20. What is that? (a window) _________________________

Çoğul İsimler (A)İsimleri çoğul yapmak için genellikle sözcüklerin sonuna (s) eklenir.i.e: a book bir kitap an apple bir elma

books kitaplar apples elmalar

Diğer çoğul şekilleri için belirli kurallar uygulanır.i.e: a bus a box a man a woman a child

buses boxes men women children

a) Çoğul isimler (1-16) yüksek sesle okuyunuzb) Tekil isimleri (17-32) çoğul yapınız.1. pencils 5. tables 9. chairs 13.

eggs2. doors 6. houses 10. lessons 14.

apples3. rooms 7. oranges 11. cats

15. boxes4. men 8. women 12. children 16.

buses

17. a bus ___________ 25. a child___________

18. a man ___________ 26. a woman___________

19. a box ___________ 27. a pencil___________

20. a table ___________ 28. an apple___________

21. a room ___________ 29. a chair___________

22. an egg ___________ 30. a cat___________

23. an orange ___________ 31. a lesson___________

24. a tree ___________ 32. a window___________

Çoğul CümleÇoğul cümlelerdeki çoğul özne ile to be fiilinin çoğul şekli are kullanılır. Örnegin “masadirlar, evdirler, okuldurlar” sözcüklerindeki "dırlar, dirler, durlar" takılarının yerini are tutar.i.e: These are pencils. Bunlar kalemlerdir. (kalemdir)

Those are apples. Şunlar elmalardir. (elmadir)

a) Cümleleri (1-10) yüksek sesle okuyunuz.b) Boş olan yerlere (11-20) are veya these, those koyunuz. Örnek: These_________ oranges. These are oranges.1. These are books. 6. These are aeroplanes.2. Those are chairs. 7. Those are trees.3. These are windows. 8. These are flowers.4. Those are boxes. 9. Those are buses.5. These are tables. 10. These are houses.

11. These _________ children. 16. Those _________ boys.12. These _________ women. 17. These _________ men.13. Those _________ boxes. 18. _________ are trees.14. _________ are walls. 19. Those _________ rooms.15. These _________ schools. 20. _________ are girls.

What (B)Soru sözcüğü what çoğul cümlelerde de kullanılır. i.e: What are these? Bunlar nedir?

They are boxes. Onlar kutulardir. (kutudur)

Sorulara, parantez içinde verilen sözcükleri kullanarak cevap veriniz. Cevap cümlenize they ile başlayınız.Örnek: What are those? (bags) They are bags.1. What are these? (houses) ___________________________2. What are those (chairs) ___________________________3. What are these? (pencils) ___________________________4. What are those? (eggs) ___________________________5. What are these? (doors) ___________________________

6. What are those? (trains) ___________________________7. What are these? (apples) ___________________________8. What are those? (rooms) ___________________________9. What are these? (oranges) ___________________________10. What are those? (cats) ___________________________11. What are these? (trees) ___________________________12. What are those? (flowers) ___________________________13. What are these? (walls) ___________________________14. What are those? (dogs) ___________________________15. What are these? (windows) ___________________________16. What are those? (schools) ___________________________17. What are those? (tables) ___________________________18. What are those? (cars) ___________________________19. What are these? (buses) ___________________________20. What are those? (boxes) ___________________________

Or“Veya, yoksa” anlamlarına gelen or sözcüğü aşağıda verilen sorularda "yoksa" anlamındadir.i.e: Is this a box or a book? Bu bir kutu mudur yoksa bir kitap midir?

Sorulara parantez içinde verilen sözcükleri kullanarak cevap veriniz. Cevap cümlenize It veya They ile başlayınız.Örnek: Are these boxes or books? (boxes) They are boxes.1. Is it a car or a bus? (a bus) ___________________________2. Are these bags or baskets? (bags) ___________________________3. Is that a pencil or a key? (a key) ___________________________4. Are these pictures or papers? (papers) ________________________5. Is this a hat or a box? (a hat) ___________________________6. Are they nurses or doctors? (nurses) ________________________7. Is it a bag or a box? (a box) ___________________________8. Are those men or women? (woman) ________________________9. Are they boys or girls? (boys) ___________________________10. Is that a house or a school? (a school) ________________________

Olumsuz Cümle (A)içinde to be fiilinin is veya are şekilleri bulunan cümleleri olumsuz hale getirmek için is veya are sözcüklerinden sonra "değil" anlamına gelen not ilave edililir.i.e: It is a table. O bir masadir.

It is not a table. O bir masa değildir.Aşağıda verilen cümleleri olumsuz yapınız. Örnek: These are baskets. These are not baskets.1. It is a flower. ___________________________2. It is a balcony. ___________________________3. They are notebooks. ___________________________4. They are policemen. ___________________________5. They are children. ___________________________6. This is a car. ___________________________7. It is a ball. ___________________________8. It is a chimney. ___________________________9. It is a bird. ___________________________

10. These are curtains. ___________________________11. They are doctors. ___________________________12. They are tourists. ___________________________13. Those are pencils. ___________________________14. It is a school. ___________________________15. These are houses. ___________________________16. It is a garden. ___________________________17. It is a radio. ___________________________18. They are keys. ___________________________19. It is a clock. ___________________________20. That is a window. ___________________________21. They are teachers. ___________________________22. It is a roof. ___________________________23. Those are apples. ___________________________24. These are buses. ___________________________25. They are books. ___________________________26. They are girls. ___________________________27. It is a train. ___________________________28. It is a blackboard. ___________________________29. That is a ship. ___________________________30. This is a map. ___________________________31. It is a shirt. ___________________________32. They are pictures. ___________________________33. This is a bus. ___________________________34. They are students. ___________________________35. It is an egg. ___________________________36. It is an aeroplane. ___________________________37. They are boxes. ___________________________38. This is an orange. ___________________________

Soru Cümlesiiçinde to be is, are şekilleri bulunan cümleleri soru haline çevirmek için bu fiiller cümIe başina alınır.i.e: It is a window. O bir penceredir.

Is it a window? O bir pencere midir?

a) Boş olan yerlere (1-18) is veya are koyunuz. Örnek: It______ a pencil. It is a pencil.

b) Cümleleri (19-36) soru haline çeviriniz. Örnek: They are boxes. Are they boxes?

1. It ______ a chair. 10. They ______ apples.2. This ______ a room. 11. It ______ a door.3. Those ______ oranges. 12. They ______ baskets.4. It______ a tree. 13. That ______ a bag.5. These ______ pictures. 14. This ______ a key.6. They ______ students. 15. These ______ flowers.7. It______ an aeroplane. 16. They ______ boys.8. That ______ a car. 17. They ______ teachers.9. It ______ a train. 18. This ______ a blackboard.

19. They are teachers. ________________________20. It is a horse. ________________________21. That is a wall. ________________________22. It is a clock. ________________________23. They are pictures. ________________________24. Those are boys. ________________________25. It is a bus. ________________________26. This is a train. ________________________27. They are children. ________________________28. These are boxes. ________________________29. It is a roof. ________________________30. That is a curtain. ________________________31. They are doctors. ________________________32. They are nurses. ________________________33. It is a map. ________________________34. This is a shirt. ________________________35. They are houses. ________________________36. It is a school. ________________________

Kısaltmalar (A)Konuşma dilinde kısaltmalar tercih edilir.i.e: that's (that is) it's (it is) isn't (is not)

what's (what is) they're (they are) aren't (are not)

Cümlelerde, yukarıda gösterilen kısaltmaları kullanınız. Örnek: It is not a box. It isn't a box.1. They are tables. ________________________2. They are pictures. ________________________3. It is not a pencil. ________________________4. That is a school. ________________________5. What is that? ________________________6. What is this? ________________________7. They are chairs. ________________________8. It is an aeroplane. ________________________9. They are not teachers. ________________________10. They are doctors. ________________________11. That is a tree. ________________________12. It is not a basket. ________________________13. It is not a garden. ________________________14. It is not a bird. ________________________15. It is a flower. ________________________16. It is an orange. ________________________17. They are students. ________________________18. They are keys. ________________________19. That is a desk. ________________________20. What is that? ________________________21. It is a bed. ________________________22. That is a shop. ________________________23. They are not tourists. ________________________

24. They are buses. ________________________

theTürkçe karşılığı olmayan the sözcüğü, önünde bulunduğu ismin belirli olduğunu gösterir.i.e: The book is there. Kitap oradadır.

The books are there. Kitaplar oradadır.

Örneğin "hangi kitap" sorusuna cevap verebildigimiz takdirde the kullanmak gerekir.

Verilen sorularda boş olan yerlere a, an veya the koyunuz.Örnek: teacher is in the garden. The teacher is in the garden.1. Is it a box or _____ basket?2. _____ students are in the garden.3. Are they in _____ room?4. _____ girls are on the bus.5. Is it_____ flower?6. _____ pencils are in the box.7. Is it_____ car or_____ bus?8. _____ aeroplane is in the sky.9. Is that_____ house or_____ school?10. Is this_____ apple?11. _____ boy is in the garden.12. Is it a picture or _____ paper?13. Is_____ policeman on the train?14. _____ cat is under the chair.15. _____ house is near the school.16. Is it_____ pencil or_____ ruler?

Edatlar (prepositions) (A)in, on, atPrepositions (edatlar) olarak tanımlanan in, on, at ve benzeri sözcükler önünde bulundukları isimler ile cümledeki diğer söz¬cükler arasında olan bağlantıyı gösterir.i.e: in the box on the desk at the door

kutunun içinde sıranın altinda Kapıda

in the - house, garden, room, kitchen, basket, bag, bottle, glass, cup, purse, corner, car, city, skyon the - table, floor, chair, wall, roof, plate, shelf, corner, be¬ach, train, bus, ship, horse at - school, home, the office, the bus stop, the door

Boş olan yerlere in, on veya at koyunuz. Örnek: _____ the bus stop at the bus stop.1. _____ the kitchen 9. _____ the sky 16. _____ the floor2. _____ the vase 10. _____ the office 17. _____ the train3. _____ home 11. _____ the car 18. _____ the bus4. _____ the roof 12. _____ the glass 19. _____ the purse5. _____ the shelves 13. _____ the ship 20. _____ the basket6. _____ the horse 14. _____ school 21. _____ the city

7. _____ the bottle 15. _____ the garden 22. _____ the bus stop8. _____ the classroom

İsim Tamlaması (of ile) (A) Şahıs göstermeyen isimlerin tamlaması genellikle of ile yapılır.i.e: of the door kapının

the key of door kapının anahtarı

of ile isim tamlamaları yapınız.Örnek: the window - the shop the window of the shop1. the door_____ the room odanın kapısı2. the roof_____ the school okulun damı3. the walls_____ the garden bahcenin duvarları4. the days_____ the week haftanın günleri5. the end_____ the day günün sonu6. the cover_____ the book kitabın kapağı7. the head_____ the dog köpeğin başı8. the leaves_____ the tree ağaçın yaprakları9. the point_____ the pencil kalemin ucu10. the edge_____ the table masanın ucu11. the top_____ the box kutunun üstü12. the bottom_____ the glass bardağın dibi13. the legs _____the chair sandalyenin ayakları14. the months_____ year yılın ayları15. the seasons_____ the year yılın mevsimleri16. the handle_____ the umbrella şemsiyenin sapı17. the buttons_____ the shirt gömleğin düğmeleri18. the collar_____ the dog köpeğin tasması19. the wheels _____ the car arabanın tekerlekleri20. the principal_____ the school okulun müdürü

Edatlar (Prepositions) (B)Edatlar, önünde bulundukları isimler ile cümledeki diğer sözcükler arasında olan bağlantıyı gösterir.i.e. in front of önünde near yakınında (yanında)

behind arkasında far from uzak (uzakta)near (= close to) (= by) (= beside) far from (= a long way from)

Cümlelerde in front of, behind, near, by, far from yerine zıt anlamdaki edatları koyunuz.Örnek: The teacher is in front of the blackboard.

The teacher is behind the blackboard.1. The school is far from the station. ____________________________2. They are behind the wall. ____________________________3. It is in front of the tree. ____________________________4. The boy is behind the tree. ____________________________5. The desk is by the window. ____________________________6. They are far from here. ____________________________7. The cat is beside the door. ____________________________8. The car is in front of the building. ____________________________

9. The shop is far from the school. ____________________________10. The shops are near the station. ____________________________11. The chair is beside the fireplace. ____________________________12. The vases are near the wall. ____________________________13. The road is by the lake. ____________________________14. The telephone is near the radio. ____________________________15. The building is near the hospital. ____________________________

Edatlar (Prepositions) (C)Edatlar, önünde bulundukları isimler ile cümledeki diğer sözcükler arasında olan bağlantıyı gösterir.i.e. under altında below altında in the middle of ortasında

over üstünde above üstünde on the top of en üstte

Sözcük gruplarını cümlelerde kullanınız. (Cümlelerinize parantez içinde verilen sözcüklerle başlayınız.)Örnek: Over the table (the lamp) The lamp is over the table.1. under the trees (the children) ____________________________2. above the clouds (the airplane) ____________________________3. over the desk (the lamp) ____________________________4. under the book (the letter) ____________________________5. in the middle of the room (the table) ____________________________6. on the top of the other books (this book) ________________________7. under the chair (the cat) ____________________________8. below the line (the answers) ____________________________9. in the middle of the road (the dog) ____________________________10. under the bed (the box) ____________________________11. above the line (the questions) ____________________________12. on the top of the tree (the boy) ____________________________13. in the middle of the garden (the boy) __________________________14. on the top of the hill (the house) ____________________________15. above the mountains (the clouds) ____________________________16. under the magazines (the pencil) ____________________________17. over the bed (the light) ____________________________18. in the middle of the Taksim Square (it) __________________________

Where Where, bir soru sözcüğüdür, "nerede" anlamına gelir.i.e. Where is the key? Anahtar nerededir?

Where are the keys? Anahtarlar nerededir?

Sorulara, parantez içinde verilen sözcük gruplarını kullanarak cevap veriniz. (It veya they ile başlayınız.)Örnek: Where is the book? (on the desk) It is on the desk.1. Where is the hat? (in the box) ____________________________2. Where are the pictures? (on the wall) ____________________________3. Where are the teachers? (in the classroom) _______________________4. Where is the cat? (under the chair) ____________________________5. Where are the students? (in the garden) _________________________

6. Where is it? (on the table) ____________________________7. Where is the bag? (on the table) ____________________________8. Where are the children? (in the house) __________________________9. Where are they? (under the tree) ____________________________10. Where is the chair? (near the window) __________________________11. Where are the boxes? (on the floor) ____________________________12. Where is the note-book? (on the desk) __________________________13. Where are the sailors? (on the ship) ____________________________14. Where are the birds? (on the roof) ____________________________15. Where is the key? (in the basket) ____________________________16. Where are the boys? (on the bus) ____________________________17. Where is the house? (near the school) __________________________18. Where are the soldiers? (on the horses) __________________________19. Where is the clock? (on the wall) ____________________________

there is - there are (A)"Orada" anlamına gelen there sözcüğü is veya are ile birlikte kullanıldığında "var, vardır" anlamını verir. Cümledeki isim tekilse is, çoğulsa are kullanılır.i.e. There is a box here. Burada bir kutu var.

There are boxes here. Burada kutular var.

Boş olan yerlere is veya are koyunuzÖrnek: There_____ a pencil in the box. There is a pencil in the box.1. There_____ an apple in the basket.2. There_____ books on the desk.3. There_____ oranges on the plate.4. There_____ a clock on the wall.5. There_____ tourists on the beach.6. There_____ a man in the car.7. There_____ houses behind the school.8. There_____ a shop near the station.9. There_____ pictures on the walls.10. There_____ a chair in front of the desk.11. There_____ an aeroplane in the sky.12. There_____ a woman at the door.13. There_____ children in the garden.14. There_____ a radio on the table.15. There_____ men at the bus stop.16. There_____ sailors on the ship.17. There_____ a cat under the chair.18. There_____ girls on the bus.19. There_____ a policeman on the train.

there is - there are (B), Soru ve OlumsuzSoru haline çevirmek için is veya are sözcükleri cümle başına alınır.i.e. There is a map on the wall. Duvarda bir harita var.

Is there a map on the wall? Duvarda bir harita var mı?

Olumsuz yaparken is veya are sözcüklerinden sonra not ilave edilir.i.e. There is a key in the box. Kutuda bir anahtar var.

There is not a key in the box. Kutuda bir anahtar yok.

Cümleleri önce soru, sonra olumsuz yapınız.Örnek: There are boxes on the floor.

Are there boxes on the floor? There are not boxes on the floor.1. There is a man in the car.

__________________________________________________2. There are pictures on the wall.

__________________________________________________3. There is a table in the room.

__________________________________________________4. There are chairs near the window.

__________________________________________________5. There is a ruler on the desk.

__________________________________________________6. There are tourists on the beach.

__________________________________________________7. There is an aeroplane in the sky.

__________________________________________________8. There are two dogs under the tree.

__________________________________________________9. There is a shop near the school.

__________________________________________________10. There are sailors on the ship.

__________________________________________________11. There is a policeman on the train.

__________________________________________________12. There are girls on the bus.

__________________________________________________

how manyhow many books? how many students? how many apples?kaç kitap? kaç öğrenci? kaç elma?gibi sözcük grupları there are “vardır” birleşiminin soru şekli are there ile birtikte kullanılır.i.e How many books are there on the table?

Masanın üstünde kaç kitap var?

Sorulara, parantez içindeki sayıları kullanarak cevap veriniz.Örnek: How many students are there in the class room? (ten)

There are ten students in the class-room.1. How many apples are there in the basket? (two)

__________________________________________________2. How many pencils are there in the box? (three)

__________________________________________________3. How many pictures are there on the wall? (one)

__________________________________________________4. How many boys are there in the garden? (four)

__________________________________________________5. How many girls are there under the tree? (seven)

__________________________________________________

6. How many women are there in the kitchen? (one) __________________________________________________

7. How many eggs are there on the plate? (six)__________________________________________________

8. How many houses are there near the school? (seven)__________________________________________________

9. How many shops are there in the street? (two)__________________________________________________

10. How many tourists are there on the beach? (nine)__________________________________________________

11. How many rulers are there on the desk? (three)__________________________________________________

12. How many clocks are there on the wall? (one)__________________________________________________

13. How many children are there on the bus? (eight)__________________________________________________

14. How many aeroplanes are there in the sky? (two)__________________________________________________

15. How many numbers are there on this page? (fifteen)__________________________________________________

Kısa Cevaplar (A)Olumlu kısa cevaplarda kısaltmalar (it's, they're, there's) kullanılmaz.i.e. Is it a box? Are they boxes?

Yes, it is a box. Yes, they are boxes. Yes, it is. Yes, they are.

Olumsuz kısa cevaplarda kısaltmalar kullanılır.i.e. Is it a bus? Are they buses?

No, it is not a bus. No they are not buses.No, it isn't. No, they aren't.

Sorulara önce olumlu, sonra olumsuz kısa cevaplar veriniz. Cevap cümlenize it, they veya there ile başlayınız.Örnek: Is there a picture on the wall?

Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t. 1. Are they flowers? ___________________________________2. Is it a clock? ___________________________________3. Are they oranges? ___________________________________4. Is it an apple? ___________________________________5. Is there a man in the car? ___________________________________6. Are there boys on the bus? ___________________________________7. Is this a basket? ___________________________________

8. Are these trains? ___________________________________9. Is it an aeroplane? ___________________________________10. Are they pencils? ___________________________________11. Is there a ruler there? ___________________________________12. Are there boxes here? ___________________________________

Çoğul isimler (B)Tekil isimleri çoğul yapmak için uygulanan kurallar:

a) Genellikle sözcük sonuna (s) eklenir:i.e. a flower - flowers.

b) Son harfi (s), (es), (x), (ch), ve (o) olan isimler çoğul yapılırken (es) eklenir:i.e a bus - buses

c) (y) ile son bulan isimlerin son harfi (y) yerine (ies) getirilir: i.e. a city - cities.

d) (f) veya (fe) ile son bulan isimlerin son harfi veya son iki harfi yerine (ves) getirilir: i.e. a knife - knives.

e) Bazı isimlerin çoğul şekilleri kurala uymaz.i.e. a man – men a tooth - teeth a woman – women

a child - children

a) Çoğul isimleri (1-10) yüksek sesle okuyunuz.b) Tekil isimleri (11-12) çoğul yapınız.1. dresses 4. boxes 6. watches 9.

brushes2. tomatoes 5. babies 7. shelves 10.

radios (kuraldışı)3. handkerchiçfs (kuraldışı) 8. aeroplanes

11. a glass ________ 15. a story ________ 18. a wife ________12. a match________ 16. a potato ________ 19. a leaf ________13. a life ________ 17. a thief ________ 20. a secretary ________14. a tooth ________

Şahıs Zamirleri (A)Şahıs gösteren sözcüklere şahıs zamirleri denir.i.e. I ben he o (erkekler için) we

biz you siz (sen) she o (bayanlar için) you siz

it o (eşya ve they onlar

hayvanlar için)

İsimlerin yerine ilgili şahıs zamirlerini koyunuz.Örnek: the boy – he the girl - she the book - it1. the radio ____ 13. the shop____ 24. the houses____2. the street____ 14. Miss White ____ 25. the chimney____3. Mr Brown____ 15. the woman____ 26. Mrs Brown____4. the spoon____ 16. Jack____ 27. the question____5. Mary____ 17. the carpets____ 28. the station____

6. the women____ 18. the man____ 29. the plates____7. the hospital____ 19. the children____ 30. the vase____8. the bed____ 20. the cinema____ 31. the dog____9. the answer____ 21. the tourists____ 32. the hotel____10. the magazines____ 22. the bird____ 33. the ceiling____11. Jack and Mary____ 23. the train____ 34. the horses____12. the nurse____

to be (A)I am a student. He is a doctor. We are students. You are a teacher. She is a nurse. You are teachers.

It is a flower. They are nurses.

Boş olan yerlere is, am veya are koyunuz. Örnek: I____a student. I am a student.1. She ____a nurse. 11. We____teachers.2. He____a dentist. 12. It____a book.3. You____students. 13. You ____a student.4. I____a lawyer. 14. They____engineers.5. Jack and Mary____in the garden. 15. Miss White____in the office.6. Mr Brown____at home. 16. Mrs Brown____in the kitchen.7. She____a secretary. 17. We____in the room.8. They____in front of the blackboard.18. The shop____near the school.9. The chairs..... near the window. 19. I____here.10. She____in the car. 20. We____in front of the gate.

to be (B) Soru ve Olumsuzlariçinde to be fiilinin is, am veya are şekilleri bulunan cümleleri soru haline çevirmek için is, am veya are cümle başına alınır.i.e. He is a student. Is he a student?

Olumsuz yapmak için is, am veya are sözcüklerinden sonra not ilave edilir.i.e. She is a nurse. She is not a nurse.

Cümleleri önce soru, sonra olumsuz yapınız.Örnek: It is a key. Is it a key? It is not a key.1. They are girls._____________________________2. They are in the garden. _____________________________3. She is a typist. _____________________________4. You are a student. _____________________________5. We are teachers. _____________________________6. You are students. _____________________________7. He is under the tree. _____________________________8. She is a secretary. _____________________________9. It is on the desk. _____________________________10. They are engineers. _____________________________11. He is a sailor. _____________________________12. He is a doctor. _____________________________13. It is a bird. _____________________________

14. She is a teacher. _____________________________15. We are lawyers. _____________________________16. We are soldiers. _____________________________17. She is a dentist. _____________________________18. They are policemen. _____________________________19. You are a chemist. _____________________________20. He is at the bus stop. _____________________________

Kısaltmalar (B) to beI'm I am he's he is we're

we are you're you are she's she is you're

you areit's it is

they're they are

Cümlelerde, yukarıda gösterilen kısaltmaları kullanınız.Örnek: They are students. They're students.1. She is a teacher. _____________________________2. We are students. _____________________________3. They are in the room. _____________________________4. You are a nurse. _____________________________5. You are nurses. _____________________________6. He is an engineer. _____________________________7. They are under the trees. _____________________________8. We are in front of the blackboard. _____________________________9. They are in the garden. _____________________________10. She is at the bus stop. _____________________________11. They are behind the desk. _____________________________12. It is under the chair. _____________________________13. They are near the school. _____________________________14. We are lawyers. _____________________________15. He is in front of the window. _____________________________16. They are near the blackboard. _____________________________17. It is in the bedroom. _____________________________18. You are in the class-room. _____________________________19. I am a doctor. _____________________________20. They are on the wall. _____________________________

Kısa Cevaplar (B) to beOlumlu kısa cevaplarda, kısaltmalar (I'm, you're, he's, she's, it's, we're, you're, they're) kullanılmaz.i.e Are you a student? Yes, I am

Olumsuz kısa cevaplarda kısaltmalar (I'm not, isn't, aren't) kullanılır.i.e Is she a teacher? No, she isn't.

Sorulara önce olumlu sonra olumsuz kısa cevaplar veriniz.Örnek: Are they nurses? Yes, they are. No, they aren't.1. Are you an engineer? _____________________________

2. Are we students? _____________________________3. Is she a typist? _____________________________4. Are they soldiers? _____________________________5. Is he a sailor? _____________________________6. Is she a secretary? _____________________________7. Is it a bird? _____________________________8. Are you nurses? _____________________________9. Am I a teacher? _____________________________10. Are you a nurse? _____________________________11. Is it in the box? _____________________________12. Is she at home? _____________________________13. Are they secretaries? _____________________________14. Are we typists? _____________________________15. Is he a soldier? _____________________________16. Is it under the chair? _____________________________17. Are they in the garden? _____________________________18. Is she in the office? _____________________________19. Is it in the basket? _____________________________20. Are they lawyers? _____________________________21. Am I a chemist? _____________________________22. Are you a dentist? _____________________________23. Is she there? _____________________________24. Is it near the school? _____________________________25. Are they on the bus? _____________________________26. Is he at the bus stop? _____________________________27. Are we engineers? _____________________________28. Are you behind the desk? _____________________________29. Are they on the plate? _____________________________30. Is it on the wall? _____________________________31. Is she in the garden? _____________________________32. Is he there? _____________________________

Kısaltmalar (C) to be OlumsuzI'm not I am not we aren't we are notyou aren't you are not you aren't you are not he isn't he is notshe isn't she is not they aren't they are notit isn't it is not

Cümlelerde, yukarıda gösterilen kısaltmaları kullanınız.Örnek: You are not a teacher. You aren't a teacher.1. They are not girls. _____________________________2. They are not in the room. _____________________________3. She is not a nurse. _____________________________4. You are not a student. _____________________________5. We are not teachers. _____________________________6. You are not students. _____________________________7. He is not under the tree. _____________________________8. She is not here. _____________________________9. It is not on the desk. _____________________________

10. They are not engineers. _____________________________11. He is not a sailor. _____________________________12. He is not there. _____________________________13. It is not a bird. _____________________________14. She is not a secretary. _____________________________15. We are not lawyers. _____________________________16. We are not soldiers. _____________________________17. She is not a dentist. _____________________________18. She is not a typist. _____________________________19. You are not a chemist. _____________________________20. He is not at the bus stop. _____________________________

Olumsuz Soru (A) to beIsn't, aren't veya am I not ile başlayan sorular, olumsuz soru sözcükleridir.i.e Aren't you a doctor? Bir doktor değil misiniz?

Isn't she a teacher? O bir öğretmen değil mi?

Cümleleri, olumsuz soru haline çeviriniz.Örnek: I am an engineer. Am I not an engineer?1. There is a man in the car. ______________________________2. It is not a picture. ______________________________3. They are tourists. ______________________________4. There are oranges on the table. ______________________________5. She is not a teacher. ______________________________6. It is not an aeroplane. ______________________________7. There are girls on the bus. ______________________________8. They are nurses. ______________________________9. He is a student. ______________________________10. I am a dentist. ______________________________11. There are sailors on the ship. ______________________________12. It is a balcony. ______________________________13. We are doctors. ______________________________14. They are not note-books. ______________________________15. There is a dog under the tree. ______________________________16. You are a chemist. ______________________________17. They are flowers. ______________________________18. There are shops near the school. ______________________________19. There is a tree behind the wall. ______________________________

Şahıs Zamirleri (B)I ben he o we

bizyou siz (sen) she o you

sizit o they

onlar

Cümlelerde isimler yerine şahıs zamirleri kullanılabilir.i.e. The boy is in the garden. He is in the garden.

Helen is in the kitchen. She is in the kitchen.

Cümlelerde, isimler yerine şahıs zamirleri kullanınız.Örnek: The children are on the bus. They are on the bus.1. The radio is on the tabel. ______________________________2. The houses are near the school. ______________________________3. Miss White is in the room. ______________________________4. Mr Brown is in the office. ______________________________5. Mrs Brown in at home. ______________________________6. Jack is at the bus stop. ______________________________7. Mary is in the car. ______________________________8. The station is near the hospital. ______________________________9. The man is on the train. ______________________________10. The hospital is near the station. ______________________________11. The vase is on the table. ______________________________12. Jack and Mary are in the classroom. ___________________________13. The bird is on the roof. ______________________________14. The table is in the room. ______________________________

Şahıs Zamirleri (C)I he weyou she you

it they

Şahıs zamirleri ile başlayarak ve parentez içindeki sözcükleri kullanarak soruları cevaplandırınız.Örnek: Where is the key? (in the box) It is in the box.1. Where are the boys? (in the garden) ____________________________2. Where is Mary? (in the kitchen) ______________________________3. Where is Jack? (in the room) ______________________________4. Where is the cat? (under the chair) ______________________________5. Where are the children? (on the bus) ___________________________6. Where is the man? (in the car) ______________________________7. Where is the woman? (at the bus stop) ___________________________8. Where are the desks? (in the class-room) _________________________9. Where is the aeroplane? (in the sky) ___________________________10. Where is the car? (in front of the gate) ___________________________11. Where are the books? (on the desk) ___________________________12. Where is the dog? (near the door) ______________________________13. Where is Mrs Brown? (behind the desk) _________________________14. Where are the girls? (on the train) ______________________________15. Where are the magazines? (on the tabel) _________________________16. Where is the carpet? (on the floor) ______________________________17. Where are the pictures? (on the wall) ___________________________18. Where are the beds? (in the bedroom) __________________________

Sıfatlar (Adjectives) (A)Bir ismin özelliğini bildiren sözcükler sıfat olarak tanımlanır. (new, old, beautiful, good, high, etc)

i.e. This is a new house. The house is new. The new house is there.

Parantez içindeki sıfatları cümlelerde isimlerin önünde kullanınız.Örnek: This is a pencil. (short) This is a short pencil.1. These are houses. (old) ______________________________2. She is a girl. (beautiful) ______________________________3. The ruler is on the desk. (long) ______________________________4. He is a man. (tall) ______________________________5. They are students. (good) ______________________________6. The book is on the table. (red) ______________________________7. There are trees in the garden. (high) ____________________________8. She is a woman. (beautiful) ______________________________9. The table is in the kitchen. (big) ______________________________10. It is a horse. (strong) ______________________________11. She is a woman. (young) ______________________________12. This is your hand. (left) ______________________________13. It is a word. (correct) ______________________________14. He is a man. (short) ______________________________15. She is a woman. (old) ______________________________16. Those are children. (little) ______________________________17. There are pencils in the box. (long) ____________________________

Sıfatlar (Adjectives) (B)Karşıt anlamlı sıfatlar (örneğin big- little büyük -küçük) aşağıda gösterilmiştir.

a) Karşıt anlamlı sıfatları (1-21)yüksek sesle okuyunuz.b) Boş olan yerlere (22-42) karşıt anlamdaki sıfatları koyunuz.Örnek: a long pencil a _____ pencil a short pencil1. short long, tall2. good bad23. a strong horse a_____ horse3. clean dirty24. my left hand my_____ hand4. first last25. hot water _____ water5. old new, young26. high trees _____ trees6. hot cold27. a full glass an_____ glass7. strong weak28. the first day the_____ day8. wrong correct, right29. an ugly girl a_____ girl9. left right30. a young woman an_____ woman10. big little, small31. a new car an_____ car11. full empty

12. high low13. late early14. ugly beautiful15. cheap expensive16. easy difficult, hard17. bright dark18. large small19. heavy light20. fast slow21. warm cool

22. a tall man a _____ man

32. a good student a_____ student33. a small table a_____ table34. a large room a_____ room35. a cheap boat an_____ boat36. an easy question a_____ question37. a heavy chair a_____ chair38. a correct word a_____ word39. a warm day a_____ day40. a little boy a_____ boy41. a hard problem an_____ problem42. a fast runner a_____ runner

between - amongBetween ve among sözcükleri preposition (edat) olarak isimlerin önünde kullanılır.Between "iki sey arasında" among "birçok sey arasında" anlamındadır.i.e between the trees ağaçlar arasında (ağaç sayısı iki)

among the trees ağaçlar arasında (ağaç sayısı ikiden fazla)

Boş yerlere between veya among koyunuz. (Sayısı ikiden fazla olan isimler parantez içinde belirtilmiştir.)Örnek: There is a bird - the flowers. (ikiden fazla)

There is a bird among the flowers.1. The table is______ piano and the wall.2. There is a lake______ the hills.3. The teacher is______ the students. (ikiden fazla)4. She is______ my friends. (ikiden fazla)5. The cat is______ the wall and the chair.6. There is a garden______ the two houses.7. The village is______ the mountains. (ikiden fazla)8. The boy is______ his mother and his sister.9. How many stops are there______ the two stations?10. There is a table______ John and Jack.11. The children are______ the two trees.12. The doctor is______ his patients. (ikiden fazla)13. Our history master is______ the girls. (ikiden fazla)14. What is there______ the car and the tree?15. The letter is______ the books. (ikiden fazla)

16. There is a garden______ the school and the house.

to have (A)To have "sahip olmak" anlamına gelen bir fiildir. i.e. I have a house. Benim evim var. (Bir eve sahibim.)

Çoğul (ve "ben") şahıs zamirleri ile have, tekil zamirlerle has kullanılır.I have he has we have you have it has you have

she has they have

Boş olan yerlere have veya has koyunuz.Örnek: She______ two pencils. She has two pencils.1. I______ a boat. 9. You______ a car.2. He______ a red pencil. 10. She______ a watch.3. It______ a long tail. 11. We______ a new house.4. You______ bags. 12. They______ bicycles.5. She______ some books. 13. We______ a lot of friends.6. I______ two balls. 14. He______ a dog.7. They______ two sons. 15. She______ brown eyes.8. You______ a nice face.

Çoğu Sıfatları (A)Türkçe gramerde, "tamlayan eki almış şahıs zamirleri" olarak tanımlanan çoğu sıfatları şunlardır:i.e. my benim his onun (erkek için) our bizim

your sizin her onun (bayan için) your sizin its onun (eşya vs.ve

their onlarınhayvan için)

a) Şahıs zamirleri ile ilgili tamlamaları (1-14) okuyunuz.b) Boş olan yerlere (15-28) parantez içinde verilen şahıs zamirle¬ri ile ilgili Mülkiyet sıfatlarını koyunuz.Örnek: Where is______ book. (she). Where is her book?1. I my name. 8. you your pencil2. he his car 9. she her brother3. it its roof 10. we our house4. you your bags 11. they their garden5. she her umbrella 12. he his sister

6. we our school 13. they their mother7. he his hat 14. I my shirt

15. This his is______ brother. (she) 22. ______ father is in the room. (I)16. Is that______ house? (you) 23. ______ son is an engineer. (we)17. Where is______ ball? (he) 24. ______ roof is not high. (it)18. Where are______ books? (they) 25. ______ bags are here. (you)19. Who is______ uncle? (he) 26. Are these______ toys? (you)20. What is______ father? (she) 27. ______ dog is there. (he)21. It is______ desk. (we) 28. They are______ pencils. (I)

to have (B)Tekil isimlerle has, çoğul isimlerle have kullanılır.i.e. The boy has a boat.

The boys have bicycles.

Boş olan yerlere have veya has koyunuz.Örnek: The children______ some books in their bags.

The children have some books in their bags.1. The boy______ a big ball.2. The students______ a lot of books.3. The girl______ a white dog.4. Her daughter______ a baby.5. The nurse______ a large room.6. The cat______ four legs.7. The women______ nice dresses.8. John______ a watch.9. The teacher______ a new car.10. My friend______ a lot of notebooks.11. Their son______ a boat.12. The girls______ a lot of friends at school.13. His sister______ a bicycle.14. The pupils______ bags.15. Our mother______ some money in her purse.16. Helen______ one brother.17. My uncle______ a strong horse. 18. The teachers______ some maps in their bags.19. Our son______ good friends.20. Mr Brown______ an office.

to have (C)içinde to have fiilinin have veya has şekilleri bulunan cümleleri soru yapmak için have veya has sözcükleri cumle başına alınır.i.e You have an umbrella. Bir şemsiyeniz var.

Have you an umbrella? Bir şemsiyeniz var mi?

Olumsuz yapmak için have veya has sözcüklerinden sonra not ilave edilir.i.e She has a new book. Yeni bir kitabı var.

She has not a new book. Yeni bir kitabı yok.

Cümleleri önce soru, sonra olumsuz yapınız.Örnek: I have two pencils in my bag.

Have I two pencils in my bag?I have not two pencils in my bag.

1. She has a new hat.____________________________________________

2. They have bicycles. ____________________________________________3. We have books in our bags.

____________________________________________4. He has a new watch.

____________________________________________5. We have two boats.

____________________________________________6. I have an umbrella.

____________________________________________7. You have a good book.

____________________________________________8. The children have two balls.

____________________________________________9. She has a nice dress.

____________________________________________10. We have story books.

____________________________________________11. He has a knife in his pocket.

____________________________________________12. They have a car.

____________________________________________13. The man has a key in his hand.

____________________________________________

Kısaltmalar (D) to haveI've I have he's he has we've

we have you've you have she's she has you've you have

it's it hasthey've they have

hasn't has not haven't have not

Cümlelerde yukarıda gösterilen kısaltmaları kullanınız.Örnek: I have not an umbrella. I haven't an umbrella.1. I have some money in my pocket. __________________________2. They have some books in their bags. __________________________3. We have a new house. __________________________4. He has a yellow car. __________________________5. I have not many pencils. __________________________6. She has not a boat. __________________________7. They have umbrellas. __________________________

8. We have a radio. __________________________9. You have a nice dress. __________________________10. You have not many story books. __________________________11. They have a lot of friends at school. __________________________12. I have some maps in my bag. __________________________13. I have not a long ruler. __________________________14. He has not a watch. __________________________15. We have a black dog. __________________________16. We have not many notebooks. __________________________17. They have not many friends. __________________________18. I have a lot of money in my purse. __________________________

have got ( = have)Genellikle konuşma dilinde have, has sözcüklerenden sonra got ilave edilir. Anlamda bir değişiklik olmaz.i.e. I have a lot of friends. I have got a lot of friends.

I've got a lot of friends.

Son cümlede görüldüğü gibi kısaltma kullanılması tercih edilir.

Cümlelerde have got - has got birleşimi ile kısaltmalar kullanınız.Örnek: She has not any pencils. She hasn't got any pencils.1. I have lot of books in my bag. __________________________2. She has a new watch. __________________________3. They have some toys in their room. __________________________4. He has one brother and two sisters. __________________________5. We have not many neighbours. __________________________6. You have not many stamps. __________________________7. The dog has a piece of meat in its mouth. _______________________8. I have a great deal of (a lot of) money. __________________________9. She has a new dress. __________________________10. We have a lot of things in our luggage. __________________________11. Our teacher has some maps in his bag. __________________________12. John has not any notebooks. __________________________13. Have you any matches? __________________________14. How many red pencils have you? __________________________15. Has she many dresses in the wardrobe? __________________________

Kısa Cevaplar (C) to haveHave you a car? Yes, I have . No, I haven't. Has she a boat? Yes, she has. No, she hasn't

Have you got a car? Yes, I've got. No, I haven't got.Has she got a boat? Yes, she's got. No, she hasn't got.

Sorulara önce olumlu, sonra olumsuz kısa cevaplar veriniz.Örnek: Have they pencils in their bags? Yes, they have. No, they haven't.1. Have you many friends at school? __________________________2. Have you got a package of matches? __________________________3. Has she a new watch? __________________________

4. Have they any books in their bags? __________________________5. Has he any girl friends? __________________________6. Have they got a telephone? __________________________7. Has she got any boy friends? __________________________8. Have we any money in the drawer? __________________________9. Has the man an umbrella? __________________________10. Have you got an interesting story book? ________________________

Sayılabilen ve Sayılmayan İsimlerSayılmasi mümkün olan, çoğul şekilleri bulunan isimler gramerde "sayılabilen isimler" olarak adlandırılır. Bu isimlerin tekil şekilleri önünde a, an veya one, çoğul şekilleri önünde many, some veya kaç adet olduğunu gösteren bir sayı bulunur.i.e a student, two students, many students, some students

bir öğrenci, iki öğrenci, birçok öğrenci, bazı öğrenciler

Sayılması mümkün olmayan, çoğul şekilleri bulunmayan isimler "sayılmayan isimler" olarak tanımlanır. Bu isimlerin önünde a, an, many veya bir sayı bulunmaz, tek başına veya some ile birlikte kullanılır.i.e water some water

su biraz su (bir miktar su)

a) Sayılmayan isimleri (1-10) yüksek sesle okuyunuz.b) Boş olan yerlere (11-12) a, an veya some koyunuz. Örnek: ____ milk some milk1. tea 4. coffee 7. beer 9. wine2. sugar 5. salt 8. flour 10. bread3. butter 6. money

11. There is____ orange in the basket.12. She has ____ money in her purse.13. There is____ tea in the teapot.14. I have____ books in my bag.15. There is____ beer in the glass.16. They have____ flour in the kitchen.17. There is____ sugar in the box.18. He has____ money in his pocket.19. There is____ bread on the label.20. I have____ key in my hand.

some, a few, a littleSome sözcüğü gerek sayılabilen ve gerekse sayılmayan isimler ile birlikte kullanılır.i.e some students birkaç öğrenci some milk biraz süt

A few yalnız sayılabilen isimlerle, a little yalnız sayılmayan isimlerle kullanılır.i.e a few students birkaç öğrenci a little milk biraz süt

Boş olan yerlere a few veya a little koyunuz.Örnek: I have _________friends at school.

I have a few friends at school.1. There are _________students in the garden.

2. She has_________money in her purse.3. There is_________water in the bucket.4. There are_________birds on the roof.5. They have _________books in their bags.6. There are_________tea in the teapot.7. There are_________chairs in the room.8. He has_________beer in his glass.9. There is_________bread on the table.10. They have _________toys in their room.11. They have_________cigarettes in the packet12. There is_________sugar in the bag.13. We have_________pencils in our boxes.

many - muchMany sayılabilen isimlerin çoğul şekilleri önünde, much ise sayılamayan isimlerin önünde (genellikle olumsuz ve soru halinde olan cümleterde) kullanılır.i.e many students çok sayıda öğrenci (birçok öğrenci)

much water çok miktarda su (çok su)

Boş olan yerlere many veya much koyunuz.Örnek: I have not_________money in my pocket.

I have not much money in my pocket.1. There are not_________books an the desk.2. Are there_________shops near the station?3. There is not_________water in the glass.4. Has he_________pencils in his box?5. There are not_________houses near the school.6. She has not_________money in her purse.7. They have not_________flour in the bag.8. Is there_________tea in the teapot?9. There is not_________sugar in the bag.10. We have not_________doctors in this city.11. There is not_________beer in the bottle.12. Have they_________friends at school?13. The children have not_________toys at home.14. There are not_________boys under the trees.15. There is not_________milk in the bottle?16. Has the boy_________keys in his hand?17. There is not_________butter on the plate.18. Is there_________coffee in the bag?

many - a lot ofOlumsuz ve soru halinde olan cümlelerde sayılabilen isimlerin önünde many kullanılır.i.e There are not many flowers in the vase.

Are there many people in the hotel?

Olumlu cümlelerde many yerine çoğu zaman a lot of kullanılır. i.e There are a lot of flowers in the vase.

Olumsuz ve soru halindeki cümleleri olumlu yapınız.Örnek: I haven't many pencils in my bag.

I have a lot of pencils in my bag.1. Are there many students in the classroom?

_____________________________________________2. Have you many books in your bag?

_____________________________________________3. There aren't many children under the trees.

_____________________________________________4. I haven't got many dresses in my luggage.

_____________________________________________5. Are there many tourists on the beach?

_____________________________________________6. Has she many friends at school?

_____________________________________________7. There aren't many boys on the bus.

_____________________________________________8. Have they many toys in their room?

_____________________________________________9. Are there many cats in front of the gate?

_____________________________________________10. Has he many suits in his wardrobe?

_____________________________________________11. There aren't many chairs in the room.

_____________________________________________12. Have you many shirts in your luggage?

_____________________________________________13. Are there many cars in front of the building?

_____________________________________________14. Have they many balls in the garden?

_____________________________________________15. There aren't many birds in the sky.

_____________________________________________

many - a lot of (B)Olumsuz ve soru halinde olan cümlelerde sayılabilen isimlerin önünde many kullanılır.Olumlu cümlelerde many yerine çoğu zaman a lot of kullanılır.

Boş olan yerlere many veya a lot of koyunuz.Örnek: Are there _________ oranges is the basket?

Are there many oranges in the basket?1. Have you _________ friends at school?2. There aren't _________ students in the classroom.3. Are there_________ boys in the garden?4. I haven't_________ books in my bag.5. She has_________ dresses in her wardrobe.6. Have they got_________ toys?7. There are _________ birds in the sky.8. Are there _________ people on the beach?

9. We haven't_________ notebooks on our desks.10. She has _________ friends at school.11. There aren't_________ pictures on the walls.12. They haven't_________ records at home.

much - a lot of (A)Olumsuz ve soru halinde olan cümlelerde sayılmayan isimlerin önünde much kullanılır.i.e There is not much milk in the bottle.

Is there much butter on the plate?

Olumlu cümlelerde much yerine a lot of (a great deal of) veya plenty of kullanılır.i.e There is a lot of milk in the bottle.

There is a great deal of butter on the plate.There is plenty of tea in the teapot.

Olumsuz ve soru halinde olan cümleleri olumlu yapınız.Örnek: I haven't much money.

I have a lot of money. (I have a great deal of money).1. There isn't much bread on the tabel.

____________________________________2. Is there much beer in the bottle?

____________________________________3. We haven't much food.

____________________________________4. Have you much water in the bucket?

____________________________________5. There isn't much coffee in the pot.

____________________________________6. Is there much oil in the oil can?

____________________________________7. She hasn't much time.

____________________________________8. Have they much trouble?

____________________________________9. There isn't much sugar in the box.

____________________________________10. Is there much water in the glass?

____________________________________11. He hasn't much pain.

____________________________________12. Has she much money?

____________________________________

much - a lot of (B)Olumsuz ve soru halinde olan cümlelerde sayılmayan isimlerin önünde much kullanılır.Olumlu cümlelerde much yerine a lot of (a great deal of) veya plenty of kullanılır.

Boş olan yerlere much veya a lot of (a great deal of) veya plenty of koyunuz.Örnek: There isn't________water in the bottle.

There isn't much water in the bottle.

1. We haven't________money.2. Have they________trouble?3. There is________sugar in the box.4. Is there________food in the kitchen?5. There isn't________salt in the bag.6. There is________butter on the plate.7. Is there________sugar in the box8. Have you ________time?9. I have ________time?10. There isn't ________tea in the teapot.

of (A)of sözcüğü preposition (edat) olarak çeşitli sözcük gruplarında kullanılır.i.e a glass of bir bardak... a pair of bir çift...

a cup of bir fincan ... a box of bir kutu ... a bottle of bir şişe... a piece of bir parça... a pack of bir paket... a package of bir paket... a packet of bir paket... a bar of bir kalıp...

Parantez içinde verilen sayıları kullanarak sözcük gruplarını çoğul yapınız.Örnek: a glass of water (two) two glasses of water1. a glass of water (two) ________________________2. a glass of beer (three) ________________________3. a cup of tea (two) ________________________4. a cup of coffee (four) ________________________5. a bottle of milk (two) ________________________6. a bottle of wine (three) ________________________7. a pair of socks (two) ________________________8. a pair of stockings (four) ________________________9. a pair of gloves (two) ________________________10. a pair of trousers (three) ________________________11. a box of chocolates (four) ________________________12. a piece of paper (two) ________________________13. a piece of chalk (three) ________________________14. a pack of cigarettes (two) ________________________15. a box of matches (three) ________________________

Çoğu Sıfatları (B)my name his sister our house your car her book your balls

its key their bags

a) İsimlerle ilgili tamlamaları (1-20) yüksek sesle okuyunuz.b) Boş olan yerlere (21-40) parantez içinde verilen isimler ile ilgili Mülkiyet sıfatlanni koyunuz.Örnek: ______ boat (I and John) our boat1. the girl her hair 8. the man his suit2. the boys their bags 9. the chair its leg3. Helen her hat 10. John his dog

4. Tom and Jim their car 11. Helen and I our boat5. you and Jack your books 12. the man his tie6. the woman her dress 13. the men their suits7. the door its key 14. the women their dresses15. the glass its bottom 18. the dog

its collar16. the lake its water 19. the school

its garden17. the houses their numbers 20. the umbrella its handle

21. ______ handle (the umbrella) 31. ______ hair (the girl)22. ______ numbers (the man) 32. ______ suit (the man)23. ______ garden (the school) 33. ______ wing (the bird)24. ______ water (the lake) 34. ______ bags (the boys)25. ______ collar (the dog) 35. ______ hat (Helen)26. ______ bottom (the bottle) 36. ______ dog (Mary)27. ______ dresses (the women) 37. ______ car (Tom and Jim)28. ______ key (the door) 38. ______ boat (Helen and I)29. ______ suits (the men) 39. ______ books (the students)30. ______ dress (Mrs Brown) 40. ______ tie (Mr Brown)

Mülkiyet Sıfatları (C)my house his pencils our toys your car her mother your books

its legs their son

Mülkiyet sıfatları ile başlayarak soruları cevaplandırınız. (Parantez içinde verilen sözcükler veya sözcük gruplarını kullanınız.)Örnek: What is your father? (an engineer) My father is an engineer.1. What is his son? (a doctor)

____________________________________2. Where is your sister? (at the office)

____________________________________3. Who is her daughter? (Jane)

____________________________________4. Where are you pencils? (in my bag)

____________________________________5. What is your brother? (a teacher)

____________________________________6. Who is their father? (Mr Brown)

____________________________________7. What is her father ? (a dentist)

____________________________________8. Where are their coats? (in the wardrobe)

____________________________________9. Who is your teacher? (Mr Carter)

____________________________________10. Where's his dog? (in the garden)

____________________________________

11. What is your sister? (a secretary)____________________________________

12. Who are my friends? (Tom and Jim)____________________________________

any - some (A)içinde any bulunan bir soru cümlesine olumlu cevap verildiği zaman some, olumsuz cevap verildiğinde any kullanılır.i.e Is there any water in the bottle?

Yes, there is some water in the bottle. No, there isn't any water in the bottle.

Sorulara önce olumlu, sonra olumsuz cevap veriniz.Örnek: Have you any money in your purse?

Yes, I have some money in my purse. No, I haven't any money in my purse.

1. Are there any books on the desk?____________________________________

2. Has she any pencils in the box?____________________________________

3. Is there any milk in the cup?____________________________________

4. Have they any friends at school? ____________________________________

5. Is there any tea in the teapot?____________________________________

6. Has he got any toys?____________________________________

7. Are there any apples in the box?____________________________________

8. Have they any guests in their house?____________________________________

9. Is there any bread in the box?____________________________________

10. Are there any trees in the garden?____________________________________

11. Has she got any dresses in the luggage?____________________________________

12. Is there any oil in the oil can?____________________________________

13. Are there any children under the trees?____________________________________

14. Have you got any envelopes?____________________________________

15. Have you got any matches?____________________________________

16. Are there any cigarettes in the packet?____________________________________

any - some (B) Kısa Cevaplar

içinde any bulunan bir soru cümlesine olumlu kısa cevap verildiği zaman some, olumsuz kısa cevap verildiği zaman any kullanılır.i.e Have you got any matches?

Yes, I have got some. No, I haven't got any.

Sorulara önce olumlu, sonra olumsuz kısa cevaplar veriniz.Örnek: Are there any apples in the basket?

Yes, there are some./ No, there aren't any.1. Is there any bread on the table?

____________________________________2. Have you got any envelopes?

____________________________________3. Have they any friends at school?

____________________________________4. Are there any trees in the garden?

____________________________________5. Have you got any stamps?

____________________________________6. Has she got any dresses in the luggage?

____________________________________7. Is there any tea in the teapot?

____________________________________8. Are there any students in the class?

____________________________________9. Have they any guests in their house?

____________________________________10. Are there any children under the trees?

____________________________________11. Are there any cigarettes in the packet?

____________________________________12. Has he got any toys in his room?

____________________________________13. Is there any oil in the oil can?

____________________________________14. Are there any pencils in the box?

____________________________________15. Have we any money in the drawer?

____________________________________16. Are there any flowers in the vase?

____________________________________

anybody (= anyone), nobody (= no one) Anybody (-one) sorularda ve olumsuz cümlelerde kullanılır.i.e Is there anybody at the door? Kapıda hiç kimse var mı?

There is not anybody at the door. Kapıda hiç kimse yok.

Son cümlede, not anybody yerine nobody kullanmak mümkündür.i.e There is nobody at the door. Kapıda hiç kimse yok.

a) Sorulara, anybody (-one) sözcüklerini kullanarak olumsuz ce¬vap veriniz.Örnek: Is there anyone in the room?

No, there isn't anyone in the room.b) Sorulara, nobody (-one) sözcüklerini kullanarak olumsuz ce¬vap veriniz.Örnek: Is there anyone in the car?

No, there is no one in the car.1. Is there anybody in front of the house?

____________________________________2. Is there anybody near the gate?

____________________________________3. Is there anybody in the bedroom?

____________________________________4. Is there anyone on the bus?

____________________________________5. Is there anybody on the balcony?

____________________________________6. Is there anyone in the telephone booth?

____________________________________7. Is there anybody at the office?

____________________________________8. Is there anyone at the bus stop?

____________________________________9. Is there anybody in the lobby?

____________________________________10. Is there anyone at the table?

____________________________________

Olumsuz soru (B) to haveTo have fiilinin olumsuz kısaltmaları haven't veya hasn't, cümle başında kullanıldığında olumsuz soru cümlesi yapılmış olur.i.e She has a lot of money in her purse.

Hasn't she much money in hen purse?

Aşağıda verilen cümleleri olumsuz soru haline çeviriniz.Örnek: They have a lot of friends at school.

Haven't they many friends at school?1. They have a lot of notebooks in their bags.

____________________________________2. She has a lot of dresses in her luggage.

____________________________________3. John has an office in Istanbul.

____________________________________4. They have a lot of guests in their house.

____________________________________5. She has a piece of chalk in her hand.

____________________________________6. Mary has a lot of books in her bag.

____________________________________7. The teacher has a lot of books on his desk.

____________________________________

8. She has a lot of sugar in the garden.____________________________________

9. They have two balls in the garden.____________________________________

10. The girls have a lot of toys in their room.____________________________________

11. Helen has an umbrella and a raincoat.____________________________________

12. The secretary has a lot of magazines.____________________________________

anything - nothingSorularda ve olumsuz cümlelerde anything kullanılır.i.e Is there anything in it?

There is not anything in it.

Son cümlede not anything yerine nothing kullanılabilir. i.e There is nothing in it.

a) Sorulara anything sözcüğünü kullanarak olumsuz cevap veriniz.Örnek: Is there anything on the table?

No, there isn't anything on the table.b) Sorulara nothing sözcüğünü kullanarak olumsuz cevap veriniz.Örnek: Is there anything in the basket?

No, there is nothing in the basket.1. Is there anything under the book?

____________________________________2. Is there anything in the box?

____________________________________3. Is there anything on the bed?

____________________________________4. Is there anything beside the radio?

____________________________________5. Is there anything under the chair?

____________________________________6. Is there anything in the bucket?

____________________________________7. Is there anything in the bag?

____________________________________8. Is there anything on the shelf?

____________________________________9. Is there anything by the window?

____________________________________

somebody (= someone), somethingSomebody (-one), something sözcükleri olumlu cümlelerde fiilerin tekil şekilleriyle kullanılır.i.e There is someone at the door. Kapıda biri var.

There is something on the box. Kutunun üstünde bir şey var.

Sorularda ve olumsuz cümlelerde somebody yerine anybody, someone yerine anyone, something yerine anything kullanılır.

Cümleleri önce soru, sonra olumsuz yapınız.Örnek: She has something in her hand.

Has she anything in her hand? / She hasn't anything in her hand.1. There is someone on the balcony.

____________________________________2. You have something in your pocket.

____________________________________3. There is something in the basket.

____________________________________4. There is somebody in the lobby.

____________________________________5. The boy has got something in his mouth.

____________________________________6. There is someone at the gate.

____________________________________7. There is something on the floor.

____________________________________8. She has something under the book.

____________________________________9. There is somebody in the basement.

____________________________________10. There is someone on the second floor.

____________________________________11. There is something on the shelf.

____________________________________12. The girl has got something by the chair.

____________________________________13. There is somebody at the back door.

____________________________________14. He has something on his head.

____________________________________15. There is someone in the garden.

____________________________________

with - byWith - by sözcükleri preposition (edat) olarak isimlerin önündekullanılır.i.e with Helen Helen ile

by train trenle

By "vasıtasıyla, ile" anlamında araç isimlerinin ve bazı belirli isim¬lerin önünde kullanılır.i.e by plane, ship, ferryboat, bus, car, train, subway

air, sea, landpost (= mail), regular mail, airmail hand, machinery

Boş olan yerlere with veya by koyunuz.

Örnek: Send your letter_____ air mail!Send your letter by air mail!

1. to travel_____ air 7. to go to school_____ bus2. to write_____ a pencil 8. to travel_____ sea3. to make a rug_____ hand 9. to come_____ land4. to fill the box_____ wood 10. to make a carpet_____ machinery5. to go to work _____ train 11. Go there_____ Mary.6. We see_____ our eyes.

Emir (A) OlumluTo open "açmak" anlamına gelen mastar halinde bir fiildir. Open bu fiilin yalın halidir. Olumlu emir cümlesinde fiilin yalın hali kullanılır.i.e Open the door! Kapıyı aç! (acınız)

Please "lütfen" sözcüğü cümlenin başında veya sonunda bulunur.i.e Please open the door! Open the door, please!

Sözcük gruplarını emir cümlelerinde kullanınız.Örnek: (to be) ready in a few minutes

Be ready in a few minutes!1. (to put) the flowers in the vase ________________________2. (to use) a knife to cut it ________________________3. (to go) there ________________________4. (to come) with me ________________________5. (to bring) it to class ________________________6. (to drink) your milk ________________________7. (to write) your name ________________________8. (to read) your books ________________________9. (to close) the windows ________________________10. (to sit down) for a few minutes ________________________11. (to send) it by air mail ________________________12. (to be) careful ________________________13. (to tell) him to stay a while ________________________14. (to play) in the garden ________________________

Edatlar (Prepositions) (D)Edatlar, önünde bulundukları isimler ile cümledeki diğer sözcükler arasında olan bağlantıyı gösterir.i.e to the window pencereye towards the sea

denize doğrufrom the door kapıdan on the table masanın üstüne

onto the floor yere towards the sea denize doğru to the window pencereye on the table masanın üstüne

into (in) the box kutunun içine out of the box kutudan dışarıya

to drink water out of a glass bardaktan su içmek

Sözcük gruplarının Türkçe karşılıklarını tamamlayınız.Örnek: from school okuldan1. out of a big glass büyük bir bardak____2. into the shop mağazanın (dükkanın) ____3. from Istanbul Istanbul____4. to Ankara Ankara____5. onto (on) the desk sıranın____6. towards the house eve____7. out of the room odadan____8. into the cave mağaranın____9. to the cinema sinema____10. towards the lake göle____11. from one to ten bir____ on____ kadar12. to the museum müze____13. out of a basket sepetten____14. from beginning to end baş____ son____ kadar

Şahıs Zamirleri -i, -e HaliŞahıs zamirlerinin -i, -e halleri, ilgili şahıs zamirleri ile birlikte aşağıda gösterilmiştir.i.e I me (beni, bana) we us

(bizi, bize)you you (seni, sana) you you(sizi, size) he himshe her (onu, ona) they them (onlan,

onlara)it it

i.e Give me a book. Bana bir kitap ver. Take him home. Onu eve götür.

Şahıs zamirleri ve isimler ile ilgili şahıs zamirlerinin -i, -e hallerini boş olan yerlere koyunuz.Örnek: they them the girl her the man him1. we______ 11. the books ______ 20. you ______2. we ______ 12. the children ______ 21. the bottle ______3. she ______ 13. they ______ 22. the table ______4. the secretary_____ 14.the dog ______ 23. the father ______5. it ______ 15. she ______ 24. we ______6. the basket ______ 16. the women ______ 25. they ______7. Mr Brown ______ 17. you ______ 26. they ______8. it ______ 18. they ______ 27. Helen ______9. she ______ 19. the trees ______ 28. he ______10. the flowers ______

Edatlar (Prepositions) (E)Bazı edatlar, şahıs zamirlerinin -i, -e halleri (me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them) önünde kullanılır.

i.e from me benden with me benimle for mebenim içinto you size without you sensiz about you hakkınızda

in front of me önümde beside me yanımda behind you arkanızda like you sizin gibi

Boş olan yerlere parantez içinde verilen şahıs zamirlerinin -i, -e hallerini koyunuz.Örnek: (they) in front of______ in front of them1. (she) close to______ onun yanında2. (he) about______ onun hakkında3. (we) beside______ yanımızda4. (it) after______ onun arkasından5. (they) with______ onlar ile (birlikte)6. (you) without______ sensiz7. (he) in front of______ onun önünde8. (I) near______ yakınımda9. (she) from______ ondan10. (we) by______ tarafımızdan11. (I) to______ bana12. (he) at______ onda13. (you) for______ sizin için14. (we) in front of______ önümüzde15. (I) except______ ben hariç16. (you) behind______ arkanızda

Edatlar (Prepositions) (F)Edatlar, önünde bulunduklari isimler, şahıs zamirleri ile cümledeki diğer sözcükler arasında olan bağlantıyı gösterir.i.e for Helen Helen için like stones taşlar gibi

for me benim için like you sizin gibi

with Helen Helen'le without number numarasızwith me benimle without you sensiz

Boş olan yerlere uygun olan edatları (prepositions) koyunuz. Örnek: Come ______ me Come with me.1. Sea air is good______ you.2. Don't go out______ an umbrella.3. Take your wife ______ you.4. It is something______ this.5. I can't do it______ your help.6. I can do it______ your help.7. It is time______ school.8. I admire people______ that.9. We see______ our eyes.10. It is good______ health.11. There is nothing______ travel.12. Here is a present______ her.13. We hear______ our ears.

14. It a good thing______ Mary.15. Fill the box______ wood.16. That old man can't walk______ a stick.

İsim Tamlaması (B)Şahıs gösteren isimler için genellikle uygulanan kural şudur:

(s) ile son bulmayan tekil ve çoğul isimlerin tamlamasi 's ile yapılır.i.e Helen's mother the man's hat the men's hats

Helen'in annesi adamın şapkasıadamların şapkaları

(s) ile son bulan çoğul isimlerin ve tekil isimlerin tamlamasi (') ile yapılır.i.e the girls' school Keats' picture

kızların okulu Keats'in resmi

's veya (') ile isim tamlamaları yapınız.Örnek: our teacher car our teacher's car1. the boys bicycles _______________________2. my sister hat _______________________3. John car _______________________4. the doctor house _______________________5. the girl name _______________________6. her brother office _______________________7. her members club _______________________8. the hostess uniform _______________________9. Mr Brown wife _______________________10. their son boat _______________________11. the pilots room _______________________12. the guest umbrella _______________________

of (B)of sözcüğü preposition (edat) olarak çeşitli sözcük gruplarında kullanılır.i.e one of the girls kızlardan biri some of them bazıları

one of them onlardan biri many of them birçoğu two of them onlardan ikisi none of them hiçbiri

full of water su ile dolu full of tourists turistlerle dolu

Sözcük gruplarının Türkçe karşılıklarını tamamlayınız.Örnek: some of the girls kızların______ kızlann bazıları1. two of the children cocuklardan______2. some of the books kitapların______3. full of beer bira ile______4. none of the students öğrencilerin______5. many of the girls kızların______6. three of the boxes kutuların______7. full of the boxes insanların______8. one of our teachers öğretmenlerimizin______9. many of your friends arkadaşlarınızın______10. some of her pencils onun kalemlerinin______

11. one of their sons oğullarından______12. none of them onların______13. many of the packages paketlerin______14. some of the doctors doktorların______15. one of his sisters kız kardeşlerinden______16. many of my notebooks defterlerimin______

Saat kaç? (A)What time is it? (Saat kaç?) sorusuna verilen cevaplar it ile başlar.i.e 2.10 It's ten past two. 3.00 It's tree o'clock.

2.00 It's two o'clock. 2.50 It's ten to three.2.15 It's a quarter past two. 2.45 It's a quarter to three.2.30 It's half past two. 3.30 It's half past three.

Boş olan yerlere past veya to sözcüklerini koyarak parantez içinde belirtilen vakitleri bildiriniz.Örnek: It is twenty - seven. (7.20) It's twenty past seven.1. It's a quarter______ eight. (Sekize çeyrek var.)2. It's half______ nine. (Dokuz buçuk.)3. It's twenty-five______ six. (Altıyı yirmi beş geçiyor.)4. It's ten______ three. (Uçe on var.)5. It's five______ four. (Dördü beş geçiyor.)6. It's half______ five. (Beş buçuk.)7. It's a quarter______ one. (Bire çeyrek var.)8. It's twenty______ two. (İkiyi yirmi geçiyor.)9. It's ten______ eleven.(On bire on var.)10. It's half______ six. (Altıbuçuk.)11. It's five______ twelve. (On ikiyi beş geçiyor.)12. It's five______ twelve. (On ikiye beş var.)13. It's a quarter______ ten. (Ona çeyrek var.)14. It's a quarter______ ten. (Onu çeyrek geçiyor.)15. It's twenty______ nine. (Dokuza yirmi var.)16. It's twenty______ nine. (Dokuzu yirmi geçiyor.)

Saat kaç? (B)Yazı dilinde genellikle Latinceden alınan kısaltmalar a.m. ve p.m. kullanılır: a.m. (öğleden önce) p.m. (öğleden sonra).i.e 6 a.m. 6.00 6 p.m. 18.00.

Beş ve beşin katı olmayan dakikalar bildirilirken minutes sözcüğü kullanılır.i.e It's two minutes to five. Beşe iki dakika var.

It's two minutes past five. Beşi iki dakika geçiyor.

Konuşma dilinde bazı kısaltılmış şekiller de kullanılır.i.e It's two o'clock. 2.00 It's two.

It's a quarter past two. 2.15 It's two-fifteen. It's half past two. 2.30 It's two-thirty. It's twenty past two. 2.20 It's two-twenty.

Daha kısa bir şekilde aynı vakitleri bildiriniz.

Örnek: It's eight o'clock, (in the morning) It's 8 a.m.1. It's a quarter past seven. ________________________2. It's past twelve. ________________________3. It's four o'clock. (in the afternoon) ________________________4. It's ten o'clock. ________________________5. It's quarter past eight. ________________________6. It's half past nine. ________________________7. It's twenty-five past eleven. ________________________

Edatlar (Prepositions) (G)Edatlar, önünde bulundukları isimler ile cümledeki diğer sözcükler arasında olan bağlantıyı gösterirler.i.e in Istanbul, London, Turkey, England

January, February, winter, summer the morning, the afternoon, the evening the sun, the shade, ink, two hours, a minute 1975 (nineteen seventy-five) the east, the west, the south, the north

on Sunday, Monday, a holiday, a tour, the telephone the left, the right, the sea, the first floor

at the cinema, the theatre, the concertseven o'clock, half past seven, noon, night, midnight the beginning, the end, the table, the seaside

Boş olan yerlere ilgili edatları koyunuz.Örnek: ____ Saturday ____ spring ____ five o'clock

on Saturday in spring at five o'clock1. ____ Turkey 5. ____ the autumn 9. ____ holidays 2. ____ the left 6. ____ ten o'clock 10. ____ the morning3. ____ Tuesday 7. ____ 1974 11. ____ the evening4. ____ Thursday 8. ____ noon 12. ____ London13. ____ August 15. ____ Taksim 16. ____ tour14. ____ night

Geniş Zaman (simple present) (A)Simple Present Tense (geniş zaman) belirli alışkanlıklar ile tekrarlanan hareketleri anlatmak için kullanılır.i.e I drink milk every morning. Her sabah süt içerim.

Tekil üçüncü şahıslarda (he, she, it) fiillerin yalın haline genellikle (s), bazı fiillerin yalın haline (es) eklenir.i.e He drinks milk. He teaches English.

Boş olan yerlere parantez içinde verilen fiillerin geniş zaman şekillerini koyunuz.Örnek: She___________ (to come) here every day.

She comes here every day.

1. He___________ (to speak) English well.2. She___________ (to read) the newspaper every.3. They___________ (to go) to school by bus.4. We___________ (to study) English every day.5. You___________ (to watch) television every night.6. She___________ (to comb) her hair every morning.7. It___________ (to run) fast.8. We___________ (to live) in Istanbul.9. I___________ (to drink) tea every morning.10. They___________ (to go) to work by train.11. She___________ (to speak) French.12. He___________ (to teach) German.13. I___________ (to walk) to my work.

Sözcük Grupları (A)Sözcük gruplarını tüm olarak hatırlamak cümle kurmanıza yardımcı olur.i.e to go to school by bus okula otobusle gitmek

I go to school by bus. Okula otobusle giderim.

Parantez içindeki şahıs zamirleri ile başlayarak sözcük gruplarını geniş zaman cümlelerinde kullanınız.Örnek: (she) to get up early every morning

She gets up early every morning.1. (they) to write a letter every week

____________________________________________2. (she) to play the piano every evening

____________________________________________3. (he) to go to the cinema on Saturdays

____________________________________________4. (we) to study English every day

____________________________________________5. (I) to waich television every night

____________________________________________6. (they) tc go to bed at ten o'clock

____________________________________________7. (she) to talk on the telephone every morning

____________________________________________8. (we) to read the newspaper every day

____________________________________________9. (he) to smoke a lot of cigarettes

____________________________________________10. (I) to drink tea every morning

____________________________________________11. (they) to take a walk in the afternoon

____________________________________________12. (she) to eat a sandwich at noon

____________________________________________13. (we) to play football on Sundays

____________________________________________14. (he) to go to school on foot

____________________________________________15. (they) to answer the questions

____________________________________________16. (she) to walk to work every morning

____________________________________________17. (he) to go swimming every day

____________________________________________18. (we) to learn new words every day

____________________________________________

to do (A)Yardımcı fiil olarak bir anlam taşımayan to do fiili, Geniş Zaman cümlelerini olumsuz ve soru, emir cümlelerini olumsuz yapmak için kullanılır.i.e I do he does we do

you do she does you doit does they do

Olumsuz yapmak için do veya does sözcüklerinden sonra not ilave edilir.i.e do not = don't does not = doesn't

Tekil isimlerle does, does not (doesn't), çoğul isimlerle do, do not (don't) kullanılır.

Boş olan yerlere to do yardımcı fiilinin önce olumlu şekillerini, sonra olumsuz şekillerini koyunuz.Örnek: the girls_________ the girls do the girls don't1. the student_________ 12. the teachers_________2. they_________ 13. they_________3. the boys_________ 14. it _________4. she _________ 15. the nurse _________5. the woman_________ 16. you_________6. we_________ 17. the children _________7. he _________ 18. I_________8. his sister_________ 19. the dog_________9. my mother_________ 20. your son _________10. the doctor_________ 21. he_________11. the engineers_________ 22. our daughter_________

Emir (B) OlumsuzOlumsuz emir cümlelerinde to do fiilinin olumsuz kısaltılmış şekli don't sözcüğünden sonra fiilin yalın hali kullanılır.i.e Open the door! Kapıyı aç! (açınız)

Don't open the door! Kapıyı açma! (açmayınız)

Sözcük gruplarını olumsuz emir cümlelerinde kullanınız. Örnek: (to smoke) so much Don't smoke so much!1. (to close) the window2. (to use) that chair3. (to put) it there4. (to wait) her5. (to do) that

6. (to strike) a match7. (to hurry up)8. (to wait) there for me9. (to pay) her10. (to tell) my brother about it

Sözcük Gurupları (B)içinde one's sözcüğü bulunan bir sözcük grubunda one's yerine özne ile ilgili mülkiyet sıfatları kullanılır.i.e one's my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their

to do one's homework ev odevini yapmak I do my homework Ev odevimi yaparım

Parantez içinde verilen şahıs zamirleri ile başlayarak sözcük gruplarını geniş zaman cümlelerinde kullanınız.Örnek: (we) to see one's friends We see our friends.1. (they) to do one's homework every night2. (she) to see one's friends every day3. (we) to have one's breakfast at seven4. (I) to have one's lesson at one o'clock5. (they) to spend one's time at the seaside6. (we) do one's homework at night7. (she) to give music lessons in one's home8. (he) to drive to one's work every day9. (we) to eat one's dinner in a restaurant10. (I) to get one's home every night at eight o'clock11. (you) to listen to one's radio12. (they) to clean one's room every morning13. (I) to arrive at one's school at nine o'clock14. (we) to spend one's vacation in Bodrum15. (I) to spend much time on one's homework16. (he) to come to one's lesson on time

Geniş Zaman (B)Geniş zaman cümlelerinde tekil üçüncü şahıslar (she, he, it) birlikte kullanıldığında (s) yerine (es) takısı alan fiillerin bazılan şunlardır:i.e to go to teach to watch to catch to wash

he goes he teaches he watches he catches he washes

Son harfi (y) olan fiillerde (y) yerine ies getirilir.i.e to study to fly

he studies it flies

Şahıs zamirlerini, parantez içinde verilen şahıs zamirleri veya isimlerle degiştiriniz.Örnek: they go (the boy) the boy goes1. we teach (she) ____________ 12. we like (the girl) ____________2. they watch (he) ____________ 13. they get (the boys) ____________

3. you catch (she) ____________ 14. I spend (she) ____________4. I wash (she) ____________ 15. you eat (the boy) ____________5. we study (she) ____________ 16. they have (the students) _________6. they fly (it) ____________ 17. we drive (the man) ____________7. I play (he) ____________ 18. I play (the children) ____________8. you learn (she) ____________ 19. they see (the dog) ____________9. they speak (he) ____________ 20. you give (the nurse) ____________10. we live (she) ____________ 21. we do (the woman) ____________11. you write (he) ____________ 22. they sleep (my daughter) _________

Geniş Zaman (C) Soru (1)Geniş zaman cümlelerini soru haline çevirmek için to do yardımcı fiilinin olumlu şekilleri do, does cümle başında kullanılır.i.e They speak English. He speaks English.

Do they speak English? Does he speak English?

Geniş Zaman cümlelerini soru haline çeviriniz.Örnek: The postman comes here every day.

Does the postman come here every day?1. They get up early every morning.

________________________________________________2. She plays the piano every evening.

________________________________________________3. He goes to the cinema on Saturdays.

________________________________________________4. We study English every day.

________________________________________________5. I watch television every night.

________________________________________________6. They go to bed at ten o'clock.

________________________________________________7. She talks on the telephone every morning.

________________________________________________8. We read the newspaper every day.

________________________________________________9. He smokes a lot of cigarettes.

________________________________________________10. I drink tea every morning.

________________________________________________11. They take a walk in the afternoons.

________________________________________________12. She eats a sandwich at noon.

________________________________________________13. We play football on Sundays.

________________________________________________14. He goes to school on foot.

________________________________________________15. They answer the questions.

________________________________________________16. She walks to work every morning.

________________________________________________17. He goes swimming every day.

________________________________________________18. We learn new words every day.

________________________________________________

Geniş Zaman (D) Olumsuz (1)Geniş zaman cümlelerini olumsuz yapmak için to do yardımcı fii¬linin olumsuz şekilleri do not (don't), does not (doesn't) kullanılır.i.e They speak English. He speaks English.

They don't speak English. He doesn't speak English.

Geniş zaman cümlelerini olumsuz yapınız.Örnek: The postman comes here every day.

The postman doesn't come here every day.1. They get up early every morning.

________________________________________________2. She plays the piano every evening.

________________________________________________3. He goes to the cinema on Saturdays.

________________________________________________4. We study English every day.

________________________________________________5. I watch television every night.

________________________________________________6. They go to bed at ten o'clock.

________________________________________________7. She talks on the telephone every morning.

________________________________________________8. We read the newspaper every day.

________________________________________________9. He smokes a lot of cigarettes.

________________________________________________10. I drink tea every morning.

________________________________________________11. They take a walk in the afternoons.

________________________________________________12. She eats a sandwich at noon.

________________________________________________13. We play football on Sundays.

________________________________________________14. He goes to school on foot.

________________________________________________15. They answer the questions.

________________________________________________16. She walks to work every morning.

________________________________________________17. He goes swimming every day.

________________________________________________18. We learn new words every day.

________________________________________________

Geniş Zaman (E) Soru (2)Geniş zaman cümlelerini soru haline çevirmek için to do yardimcı fiilinin olumlu şekilleri do, does cümle başında kullanılır.i.e They learn English. He speaks Turkish.

Do they learn English? Does he speak Turkish?

Geniş zaman cümlelerini soru haline çeviriniz.Örnek: She invites her friends to dinner every weekend.

Does she invite her friends to dinner every weekend?1. They do their homework every night.

________________________________________________2. She sees her friends every day.

________________________________________________3. We have our breakfast at seven.

________________________________________________4. I have my lesson at one o'clock.

________________________________________________5. They spend their time at the seaside.

________________________________________________6. We do our homework at night.

________________________________________________7. She gives music lessons in her home.

________________________________________________8. He drives to work every day.

________________________________________________9. We eat dinner in a restaurant.

________________________________________________10. I get home every night at eight o'clock.

________________________________________________11. You listen to the radio.

________________________________________________12. They sleep late every morning.

________________________________________________13. I arrive at school at nine o'clock.

________________________________________________14. We spend our vacation in Bodrum.

________________________________________________15. I spend much time on my homework.

________________________________________________16. He comes to the lesson on time.

________________________________________________

Geniş Zaman (F) Olumsuz (2)Geniş Zaman cümlelerini olumsuz yapmak için to do yardımcı fi¬ilinin olumsuz şekilleri do not (don't), does not (doesn't) kullanılır.i.e They learn English. She learns English.

They don't learn English. She doesn't learn English.

Geniş Zaman cümlelerini olumsuz hale çeviriniz.Örnek: She invites her friends to dinner.

She doesn't invite her friends to dinner.1. They write their homework every night.

________________________________________________2. She sees her friends every day.

________________________________________________3. We have our breakfast at seven.

________________________________________________4. I have my lesson at one o'clock.

________________________________________________5. They spend their time at the seaside.

________________________________________________6. We do our homework at night.

________________________________________________7. She gives music lessons in her home.

________________________________________________8. He drives to work every day.

________________________________________________9. We eat dinner in a restaurant.

________________________________________________10. I get home every night at eight o'clock.

________________________________________________11. You listen to the radio.

________________________________________________13. I arrive at school at nine o'clock.

________________________________________________14. We spend our vacation in Bodrum.

________________________________________________15. I spend much time on my homework.

________________________________________________16. He comes to the lesson on time.

________________________________________________

Zarflar (Adverbs) (A)Zarf genellikle cümledeki fiilin anlamına katkıda bulunan, örneğin yapılış şeklini, zamanını veya nerede yapıldığını bildiren sözcüktür.i.e slowly, easily, well (yapılış şekli)

now, soon, always, today (zaman)here, outside, inside (yapıldığı yer)

Genellikle sıfatların ve bazı isimlerin sonuna -ly takısı eklenerek zarf sözcüğü elde edilir.i.e He is a slow worker. (sıfat)

He works slowly. (zarf)

Boş olan yerlere aşağıda gösterilen zarflardan uygun olanları koyunuz.Örnek: The sun shines___________

brightly The sun shines brightly.happily quickly quickly easily slowly

carefully

fast well late hard

1. I feel very ___________ 6. I can do it___________2. He walks___________ 7. They learn___________3. I drive___________ 8. She lives___________4. He comes___________ 9. The train goes___________5. She speaks___________ 10. He works very___________

Zarflar (Adverbs) (B)Geniş zaman cümlelerinde genellikle özne ile fiil arasında kullanılan zarflar (adverbs) şunlardır.i.e sometimes alwalys rarely often usually

seldom frequently generally also

I sometimes go swimming.

Parantez içindeki zarfları özne ile fiil arasında kullanınız.Örnek: The sun rises in the east. (always)

The sun always rises in the east.1. She comes to the lesson on time. (always)

__________________________________________2. I go to the pictures. (often)

__________________________________________3. He comes here on Saturdays. (generally)

__________________________________________4. I forget my homework (sometimes)

__________________________________________5. We travel by train. (usually)

__________________________________________6. She likes to play table tennis. (also)

__________________________________________7. He comes here. (frequently)

__________________________________________8. John makes mistakes. (always)

__________________________________________9. They go to the theatre. (rarely)

__________________________________________10. He comes late. (usually)

__________________________________________

Sözcük Grupları (C)içinde someone (s.o.) bulunan bir sözcük grubu cümlede kullanıldığı zaman onun yerine şahıs zamirlerinin -i, -e hali veya bir isim getirilir.i.e to give s.o. a present birine bir hediye vermek

I give him a present. Ona bir hediye veririm.I give Mary a present. Mary'ye bir hediye veririm.

John ile başlayarak sözcük gruplarını geniş zaman cümlelerinde kullanınız. (s.o. yerine parantez içindeki şahıs zamirlerinin -i, -e hallerini koyunuz.)Örnek: (they) to tell s.o. stories John tells them stories.

1. (she) to show s.o. a picture. ______________________________2. (he) to take s.o. to the hospital. ______________________________3. (they) to teach s.o. English. ______________________________4. (she) to send s.o. a letter. ______________________________5. (we) to give s.o. music lessons. ______________________________6. (she) to bring s.o. some flowers. ______________________________7. (he) to invite s.o. to dinner. ______________________________8. (we) to see s.o. leaving. ______________________________9. (he) to ask s.o. questions. ______________________________10. (you) to thank s.o. for that. ______________________________11. (she) to want s.o. open the window. __________________________12. (he) to help s.o. with his homework __________________________13. (we) to talk to s.o. ______________________________14. (he) to speak to s.o. ______________________________15. (she) to go out with s.o. ______________________________

Geniş Zaman (G) Olumsuz SoruGeniş zaman olumsuz soru cümleleri to do yardımcı fiilinin olumsuz şekillerinin kısaltmaları don't, doesn't ile başlar.i.e Don't you smoke? Sigara içmez misiniz?

Doesn't he smoke? O sigara içmez mi?

Cümleleri olumsuz soru haline çeviriniz.Örnek: They swim every day. Don't they swim every day?1. They go to school by bus. ______________________________2. You watch television every night. ____________________________3. She studies English every day. ______________________________4. They go to bed at ten. ______________________________5. He teaches German. ______________________________6. She combs her hair every morning. ___________________________7. He walks to his work. ______________________________8. You learn new words every day. ______________________________9. We get home at eight o'clock. ______________________________10. They do their homework every night. __________________________

Sözcük Grupları (D)içinde oneself bulunan bir sözcük grubu cümlede kullanıldığı zaman oneself yerine özne ile ilgili olarak aşağıdaki sözcüklerden biri getirilir.i.e myself kendim himself kendışı

ourselves kendimiz yourself kendin herself kendışı yourselveskendiniz

itself kendışıthemselves kendileri

By ile birlikte kullanıldıklarında “kimsenin yardımı olmaksızın, ‘kendi kendine, tek başına’ anlamını verir.i.e I can't do this by myself. Bunu tek başıma yapamam.

Parantez içindeki şahıs zamirleri ile başlayarak sözcük gruplarını Geniş zaman cümlelerinde kullanınız.Örnek: (he) to wash oneself He washes himself.1. (he) to shave oneself every morning __________________________2. (she) to hurt oneself ______________________________3. (I) to live by oneself ______________________________4. (she) to go to the cinema by oneself ___________________________5. (he) to drive the car oneself ______________________________6. (she) to make the dress oneself ______________________________7. (she) to clean the house by oneself ______________________________8. (they) to play by oneself ______________________________9. (we) to do the work by oneself ______________________________10. (you) to be proud of oneself ______________________________11. (they) to make oneself tired ______________________________

Geniş Zaman (H) Kısa CevaplarDo you speak English? Yes, I do. No, I don't.Does he speak English? Yes, he does. No, he doesn't.

Sorulara, önce olumlu, sonra olumsuz kısa cevaplar veriniz.Örnek: Do they watch television every night?

Yes, they do. No, they don't.1. Do they go to school by bus?

__________________________________________________2. Do they do their homework every night?

__________________________________________________3. Does he sleep late on Sundays?

__________________________________________________4. Do you often go to the pictures?

__________________________________________________5. Does John always make mistakes??

__________________________________________________6. Do they usually go to bed early?

__________________________________________________7. Do you generally travel by train?

__________________________________________________8. Does she also like to play table-tennis?

__________________________________________________9. Do you sometimes forget your homework?

__________________________________________________10. Do I speak English well?

__________________________________________________11. Does it run fast?

__________________________________________________12. Do they invite their friends to dinner every week?

__________________________________________________

to have (D) Soru ve Olumsuz (to do ile)Geniş zaman cümlelerinde kullanılan to have fiilinin soru ve olumsuz şekillerinde to do yardımcı fiili kullanılabilir.

i.e Do you have an umbrella? (= Have you an umbrella?) Does he have a car? (= Has he a car?)I don't have an umbrella. (= I haven't an umbrella.)He doesn't have a car. (= He hasn't a car.)

Sorularda ve olumsuz cümlelerde to do yardımcı fiilini kullanınız.Örnek: I haven't much money to spend.

I don't have much money to spend.1. Have I anything in my hand? _________________________2. Have you music lessons on Sundays? _________________________3. Has he a good memory? _________________________4. Has she blue eyes or brown eyes? _________________________5. Has it long ears? _________________________6. Have we enough money? _________________________7. Have you a camera? _________________________8. Have they a house in the country? _________________________9. I haven't anything in my hand. _________________________10. You haven't time for amusements. _________________________11. He hasn't good memory. _________________________12. She hasn't time to go out. _________________________13. It hasn't long ears. _________________________14. We haven't enough money. _________________________15. You haven't any books in your bag. _________________________16. They haven't any work to do. _________________________

Yardımcı Fiiller (A)To be , to have ve to do fiileri genellikle fill zamanlarının yapılmasında yardımcı fiil olarak kullanılır.

Can, may ve must yardımcı fiilleri esas fiilerin yalın halleri ile birlikte kullanılır.i.e She can swim. You may go. He must study.

O yüzebilir. Gidebilirsiniz. O çalışmalıdır.

Soru haline çevirmek için can, may, must sözcükleri cümle başına alınır. Olumsuz yapmak için bu sözcüklerden sonra not ilave edilir.i.e Can she swim? May you go? Must he study?

She cannot swim. You may not go. He mustn't study.

Cümleleri önce soru, sonra olumsuz yapınız.Örnek: He can use this machine.

Can he use this machine? He cannot use this machine.1. She can speak English.

__________________________________________________2. He may go swimming.

__________________________________________________3. You must do that.

__________________________________________________4. He can carry this heavy box.

__________________________________________________5. I can repeat the sentence.

__________________________________________________6. You may go out with him.

__________________________________________________7. I can do it by myself.

__________________________________________________8. She must come here.

__________________________________________________9. He can always find a good answer.

__________________________________________________

may - canKarşı taraftan müsaade alınması veya karşı tarafa müsaade edilmesi bahis konusu olduğu zaman genellikle may ve bazen can kullanılır.i.e May I go swimming? Yüzmeye gidebilir miyim?

You may go now. Şimdi gidebilirsiniz.You can go now. Şimdi gidebilirsiniz.

Öznenin hareketi yapabilecek güçte olduğunu veya bildiğini göstermek için daima can kullanılır.

Boş yerlere can veya may koyunuz.Örnek: He can swim well. O iyi yüzebilir.1. She_________ speak English.2. You _________ go out with him.3. I_________ do it by myself.4. He _________ always find a good answer.5. I_________ repeat the sentence.6. _________ I have some more sugar?7. _________ I smoke here?8. _________ you hear that noise?9. I_________ not write without a pen.10. Nobody_________ answer these hard questions.11. _________ I open the window?12. _________ you see the boat on the sea?13. They_________ play in the garden.14. He_________ answer all the questions.

very - too"Çok" anlamına gelen very ve too sözcüklerinin kullanılış yerleri ayrıdır. Too olumsuz bir anlamda aşırılık gösterir.i.e This book is very big. (I can put in into my pocket)

That book is too big. (I can't put it into my pocket)

Boş olan yerlere very veya too koyunuz.

Örnek: This soup is _________ hot. (I can't eat it) This soup is too hot.1. The chair is _________ heavy for Mary. She cannot pick it up.2. John cannot work today. He is _________ sick.3. Helen speaks _________ fast, but I can always understand her.4. I cannot wear this ring because it is _________ small.5. I am _________ tired. I cannot go for a walk with you.6. It is _________ late, but I think we can catch the train.7. The box is _________ heavy, but John can pick it up easily.8. The weather in Ankara is _________ cold in winter, but I like it.9. It's _________ hot to work.10. This is _________ large, but I can put it in my bag.

Soru Sözcükleri (A)who kim what ne where nerede whom kimi(e) which hangi(si) how nasılwhose kimin when ne zaman why niçin

Soru sözcüklerinden sonra genellikle bir yardımcı fill ile başlayan soru cümleleri bulunur.i.e What time do you go to work?

Sözcük gruplarını geniş zaman soru cümlelerinde kullanınız. Sorularınıza parantez içindeki soru sözcükleriyle başlayınız.Örnek: (at what street) to get off the bus

At what street do you get off the bus?1. hangi günlerde (on what days) to have an English lesson

______________________________________________________2. saat kaçta (what time) to go to bed

______________________________________________________3. ne ile (with what) to write on the blackboard

______________________________________________________4. hangi dil (what language) to speak

______________________________________________________5. hangi gazete (what newspaper) to read every day

______________________________________________________6. hangi ülkelerde (in what countries) to have a pen-friend

______________________________________________________7. ne çeşit et (what kind of meat) to prefer

______________________________________________________8. hangi ülkeden (from what country) to get oil

______________________________________________________9. hangi ülkelere (to which countries) to write letters

______________________________________________________10. ne çeşit meyve (what kinds of fruit) to like

______________________________________________________11. hangi caddede (at what street) to get on the bus

______________________________________________________12. hangi otellerde (in what hotels) to stay

______________________________________________________13. hangi trenle (by what train) to arrive at the station

______________________________________________________

14. hangi kitaplar (what books) to read at home______________________________________________________

15. hangi nedenle (for what reason) to keep old letters______________________________________________________

what time - whenWhat time (at what time) "saat kaçta" anlamına gelen sozcük grubu ile başlayan sorulara verilecek cevaplarda belirli bir saat bildirmek gerekir.i.e What time do you go to bed? I go to bed at ten o'clock.

Soru sözcüğü when "ne zaman" ile başlayan sorulara verilecek cevaplarda belirli bir saat bildirmek zorunluluğu yoktur.i.e When does she come? She comes in the afternoon.

She comes at two o'clock.

What time veya when ile başlayarak cümleleri soru şekline çeviriniz.Örnek: We have breakfast at eight o'clock.

What time do you have breakfast?1. The postman comes here every day. ___________________________2. I arrive at shcool at nine o'clock. ___________________________3. We do our homework at night. ___________________________4. Our lesson begins at nine o'clock. ___________________________5. We watch television every night. ___________________________6. They play football on Sundays. ___________________________7. We take a walk in the afternoons. ___________________________8. Their children go to bed at ten o'clock. _________________________9. I have my lesson at one o'clock. ___________________________10. He visits his relatives on Sundays. ___________________________

Soru Sözcükleri (B)Soru sözcüklerinden sonra genellikle bir yardımcı fiil ile başlayan soru cümleleri bulunur.i.e How do you go to school? What does he want to buy?

Parantez içinde verilen soru sözcüklerini cümle başında kullanarak soru cümleleri kurunuz.Örnek: (how often) to go to the movies

How often do you go to the movies?1. (how many telephone calls) to make ___________________________2. (how many cigarettes) to smoke ___________________________3. (how many times a year) to go abroad _________________________4. (how many times a week) to go out ___________________________5. (how many hours a day) to Study English _______________________6. (how much) to pay for the ticket ___________________________7. (how often) to go to the theatre ___________________________8. (how well) to speak English ___________________________9. (how much sugar) to put in one's tea ___________________________10. (how much times) to spend on one's English _____________________11. (how long) to take to go there by bus ___________________________12. (which fruits) to like ___________________________13. (in which season) to travel a lot ___________________________14. (which way) to want to go ___________________________

15. (where) to drive on Sundays ___________________________16. (how old) to be ___________________________17. (why) to want to go out ___________________________18. (on which side of Boşphorus) to live ___________________________

Geniş Zaman (1) (Soru sözcüklü sorular)Soru sözcüklerinden sonra genellikle bir yardımcı fiil ile başlayan soru cümleleri bulunur.i.e How often does he visit his uncle?

Where do you generally have your lunch?

Parantez içinde verilen soru sözcüklerini cümle başında kullanarak soru cümleleri kurunuz.Örnek: I write letters to my friends. (to whom)

To whom do you write letters?1. I say "Good Morning" to my teacher every morning. (when)

______________________________________________________2. I come to school with Helen. (with whom)

______________________________________________________3. I get up at seven o'clock every morning . (what time)

______________________________________________________4. I like bananas and peaches best. (what kinds of fruit)

______________________________________________________5. I prefer the summer. (which season of the year)

______________________________________________________6. I spend two hours a day on my English. (how much time)

______________________________________________________7. I come from Turkey. (where ...... from)

______________________________________________________8. I write letters to England. (to what foreign countries)

______________________________________________________9. I read «The Times» every day. (what newspaper)

______________________________________________________10. I go to the movies once a week. (how often)

______________________________________________________11. I travel a lot in summer. (in which season)

______________________________________________________12. I go to the beaches on Sundays. (on what days)

______________________________________________________13. I have my breakfast at seven. (what time)

______________________________________________________14. I arrive at school at nine o'clock. (what time)

______________________________________________________15. I spend my vacation in Bodrum. (where)

______________________________________________________

Geniş Zaman (J) SorularSoru cümlelerinde soru sözcükleri (veya içinde soru sözcüğü olan sözcük grupları) veya yardımcı fiiller cümle başında bulunur.i.e Where do you go after breakfast?

On what days does he come here?Do you study English every night?

Parantez içindeki sözcük gruplarını kullanarak sorulara geniş zaman cümleleri ile cevap veriniz.Örnek: On what days does the postman come here? (everyday)

The postman (he) comes here every day.1. To what foreign countries do you write letters? (to England)

______________________________________________________2. When do you say «Good morning» to your teachers? (every morning)

______________________________________________________3. With whom do you come to school? (with Helen)

______________________________________________________4. How do you come to school? (by bus)

______________________________________________________5. Do you have anything to do? (a lot of things)

______________________________________________________6. What time do you get up every morning? (at seven)

______________________________________________________7. What kinds of fruit do you like best? (bananas)

______________________________________________________8. Which season of the year do you prefer? (the summer)

______________________________________________________9. How much do you have to pay for it ? (ten liras)

______________________________________________________10. Where do you come from? (from Turkey)

______________________________________________________11. What newspaper do you read every day? (The Times)

______________________________________________________12. Where do you live? (at Macka in Istanbul)

______________________________________________________13. How much time do you spend on your English? (two hours a day)

______________________________________________________14. How many times a week do you go to the movies? (twice a week)

______________________________________________________

good - wellGood bir sıfattır, önünde bulunduğu ismin ozelliğini gösterir. i.e O iyi bir öğrencidir. He is a good student.

Well bir zarftır, cümledeki fiilin anlamına katkıda bulunur.i.e He does his work well. İşini iyi yapar.

Boş olan yerlere good veya well koyunuz.Örnek: She speaks English ________

She speaks English well.1. He is a ________player.2. He plays the piano ________3. This is a ________book.4. He is a________manager.5. He doesn't sing ________6. He is a ________singer.

7. He swims very ________8. He is a ________swimmer.9. The fountain pen is a ________one.10. How________does Helen speak English?

must - have toBirçok durumlarda olumlu cümlelerde must yerine have to kullanmak olanağı vardır.i.e I have to study tonight. Bu akşam çalışmalıyım.

I must study tonight.

Genellikle konuşan şahıs kendi görüş açısından bir hareketin yapılmasını gerekli gördüğü zaman must yardımcı fiillini, karşı tarafin da bildiği belirli bir nedenle gerekli olan hareketi hatırlatmak için have to birleşimini kullanır.i.e You must go now. (konuşan şahsın yapılacak bir işi var.)

You have to go now. (Örneğin karşı tarafa trene yetişmesini hatırlatıyor.)

Cümlelerde must yerine have to birleşimini kullanınız.Örnek: He must stay the night. He has to stay the night.1. He must go to Ankara tonight. ________________________2. You must work until eight o'clock. ________________________3. I must write a letter to my parents. ________________________4. I must finish my homework tonight. ________________________5. They must write their compositions. ________________________6. I must go home now. ________________________7. He must go to the hospital. ________________________8. I must see him. ________________________9. We must leave early. ________________________10. He must be at his office by nine o'clock. ________________________

must-have to ought to-shouldBirçok durumlarda must yerine have to kullanıldığı gibi ought to yerine should kullanılır.i.e You ought to put a suit on. Bir takım elbise giymelisin.

You should put a suit on. Bir takım elbise giymelisin. (giysen iyi olur)

Have to ile yapılmış olumsuz bir cümle, anlam bakımından diğerlerinden farklıdır.i.e You don't have to put a suit on. Bir takım giymen şart değil.

You shouldn't put a suit on. Bir takım giymemelisin.You mustn't put a suit on. Bir takım giymemelisin.

Cümlelerde must yerine have to, ought to yerine should kullanınız.1. You ought to stay at home tonight.

________________________________________________2. I must finish my homework tonight.

________________________________________________3. You ought to go to Ankara next week.

________________________________________________4. They must save more money.

________________________________________________5. You ought to send that cable to London.

________________________________________________6. We must leave early.

________________________________________________7. You must prepare your exercises tonight.

________________________________________________8. You ought to write your composition in ink.

________________________________________________9. I ought to go to bed early.

________________________________________________10. He ought to ask permission first.

________________________________________________11. She must be at the office by one o'clock.

________________________________________________12. I ought not to smoke so much.

________________________________________________13. I must go to the hospital to visit my friend.

________________________________________________

have to (= have got to) (A)Konuşma dilinde have to yerine genellikle have got to kullanılır.i.e I have to finish my homework

I have got to finish my homework.

Cümlelerde have to yerine have got to birleşimini kullanınız.Örnek: He has to go to Ankara tonight.

He has got to go to Ankara tonight.1. You have to work until eight o'clock.

________________________________________________2. We have to leave early.

________________________________________________3. I have to study tonight.

________________________________________________4. She has to stay the night.

________________________________________________5. They have to write their compositions.

________________________________________________6. I have to fly back on Wednesday.

________________________________________________7. We have to leave early.

________________________________________________8. She has to go to the hospital.

________________________________________________9. I have to be back at the office.

________________________________________________10. He has to be at his office by nine o'clock.

________________________________________________

have to (= have got to) (B) (Soru ve Olumsuz) Have sözcüğü cümle başına alınarak soru yapılabilir.i.e You have got to work now. You have to work now.

Have you got to work now? Have you to work now?

Olumsuz cümlelerde haven't got (hasn't got) veya don't have to (doesn't have to) kullanılır.i.e You haven't got to work now.

You don't have to work now.

içinde have to bulunan cümleler soru veya olumsuz yapılırken genellikle to do yardımcı fiili kullanılır.

To do yardımcı fiili ile cümleleri önce soru sonra olumsuz yapınız.Örnek: He has to go to Ankara tonight.

Does he have to go to Ankara tonight?He doesn't have to go to Ankara tonight.

1. You have to write your composition tonight.________________________________________________

2. He has to be at his office by nine o'clock.________________________________________________

3. They have to fly back on Friday.________________________________________________

4. She has to go to the hospital.________________________________________________

5. We have to leave early.________________________________________________

6. You have to finish your homework.________________________________________________

7. He has to be back at the office by tomorrow.________________________________________________

need - needn'tNeed sözcüğü must gibi bir yardımcı fiil olduğundan tekil üçüncü şahıslarda (s) takısı olmaz: (he need, she need..)

Need ile başlayan sorulara olumlu cevap verildiğinde must kullanılır. Must ile başlayan sorulara olumsuz cevap verildiğinde ne¬edn't kullanılır.i.e Need I go? Yes, you must. No, you needn't.

Must I go? Yes, you must. No, you needn't.

"İhtiyacı olmak" anlamına gelen to need bir yardımcı fiil değildir, tekil üçüncü şahıslarda (s) takısı alır:i.e He needs an umbrella.

Sorulara önce olumlu, sonra olumsuz kısa cevaplar veriniz.Örnek: Need I bring my books to class tomorrow?

Yes, you must. No, you needn't.1. Need he take any more pills tonight?

________________________________________________2. Must we write our composition in ink?

________________________________________________3. Need I go there?

________________________________________________4. Need we be there till seven?

________________________________________________5. Must you prepare your lesson now?

________________________________________________6. Need I see it?

________________________________________________7. Must they leave early?

________________________________________________8. Need she clean the kitchen this morning?

________________________________________________9. Must she finish her homework today?

________________________________________________10. Must I put a suit on?

________________________________________________11. Need I bring any food with me tomorrow?

________________________________________________

Geniş Zaman (J) Değil mi?(Olumlu cümle + olumsuz kısa soru) birleşimlerine olumlu kısa cevaplar verilmesi beklenir.i.e She speaks English well, doesn't she? Yes, she does.

O iyi İngilizce konuşur, değil mi? Evet.

(Olumsuz cümle + olumlu kısa soru) birleşimlerine olumsuz kısa cevap verilmesi beklenir.i.e You don't speak French, do you? No, I don't.

Cümlelerin sonuna "olumsuz kısa soru" veya "olumlu kısa soru" ilave ediniz. Sonra beklenen kısa cevapları veriniz.Örnek: You live in Istanbul, _____________?

You live in Istanbul, don't you? Yes, I do.1. This bus stops at the next street, _____________? Yes, ___________?2. You like to listen to the radio, _____________? Yes, _____________?3. She visits her relatives on Sundays,_________? Yes, _____________?

4. They don't play football in the morning,_______? Yes, ___________?5. The children go to bed early, _____________? Yes, _____________?6. Mary doesn't come to school by bus, _____________? Yes, ________?7. You help your mother, _____________? Yes, _____________?8. He speaks English, _____________? Yes, _____________?9. The boy doesn't know how to swim, _____________? Yes, ________?10. They don't travel very often, _____________? Yes, _____________?11. She knows how to cook, _____________? Yes, _____________?12. John doesn't like to play football, _____________? Yes, ___________?13. Mary likes to watch television, _____________? Yes, _____________?

Sıfatlar (C)Sayılabilen isimlerle adet gösteren sıfatlar, sayılmayan isimlerle miktar gösteren sıfatlar kullanılır.

Adjectives of Number Adjectives of Quantity(sayılabilen isimlerle) (sayılamayan isimlerle)

a great many a great deal ofplenty of plenty ofa lot of a lot ofa few a littleseveralsome someany anyall all

Boş olan yerlere a great many, a few, a great deal of, a littlebirleşimlerinden uygun olanını koyunuz.Örnek: I drink _____________water at dinner.

I drink a great deal of water at dinner.1. A rich man has_____________money, but a poor man has__________2. There are only_____________flowers in the garden now.3. There is only_____________snow in this town in winter.4. This garden has_____________trees.5. This tree has_____________fruit on it.6. That tree has_____________apples on it.7. There is_____________water in the sea.8. He seems to have_____________money.9. There are___________ books in the library and ___________in my bag.

everything, everybody (= everyone)Everything, everybody (= everyone) sözcükleri özne olarak kullanıldığında cümlelerin fiili tekil durumdadır.i.e Everything is here. Her şey buradadır.

Everybody is here. Herkes buradadır.Everyone works. Herkes çalışır.

Boş olan yerlerde parantez içinde verilen fiilleri kullanarak geniş zaman cümlelerini tamamlayınız.Örnek: (to be) Everything in the room ___________dirty.

Everything in the room is dirty.1. (to wish) Everybody___________to lead a happy life.2. (to like) ___________everyone ___________to drive a car?3. (to be) ___________everything in its place?4. (to learn) Everyone ___________to read.5. (to speak) Everybody___________English in this class.6. (to swim) ___________everybody___________in the pool?7. (to sing) Everyone ___________happily.8. (to be) Everything ___________ready.9. (to want) Everybody___________to do it.10. (to belong) Everything in the house ___________to her.11. (to wait) Everybody___________at the bus stop.12. (to learn) Everyone ___________English here.13. (to be) ___________everything in the box?14. (to write) Everybody___________a sentence.

to be (C) Değil mi?"Olumlu cümle + olumsuz kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumlu kısa cevap verilmesi beklenir.i.e He is a doctor, isn't he? Yes, he is.

O bir doktordur, değil mi? Evet, (o bir doktordur).

"Olumsuz cümle + olumlu kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumsuz kısa cevap verilmesi beklenir.i.e He isn't a doctor, is he? No, he isn't.

Cümlelerin sonuna "olumlu kısa soru" veya "olumsuz kısa soru" ilave ediniz. Sonra beklenen kısa cevapları veriniz.Örnek: You aren't ready___________? ___________.

You aren't ready, are you? No, I am not.1. The children are happy, ________ they? Yes, they________2. We are polite, ________? Yes, ________3. Mary is an actress, ________she? Yes, she ________4. It is very cold, ________? Yes, ________5. The girls are friendly, ________they? Yes, they ________6. He is a careful student, ________? Yes, ________7. They aren't big cars, ________? No, ________ 8. It wasn't an important job, ________? No, ________9. He isn't a capable accountant, ________? No, ________10. John is a good student, ________he? Yes, he ________11. You aren't lazy, ________? No, ________12. She is a pretty girl, ________? Yes, ________13. That man isn't an engineer, ________he? No, ________

there is - there are (C) Değil mi?"Olumlu cümle + olumsuz kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumlu kısa cevap verilmesi beklenir.i.e There is telephone here, isn't there? Yes, there is.

Burada bir telefon var, değil mi? Evet, var.

"Olumsuz cümle + olumlu kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumsuz kısa cevap verilmesi beklenir.i.e There isn't telephone here, is there? No, there isn't.

Cümlelerin sonuna "olumsuz kısa soru" veya "olumlu kısa soru" ilave ediniz. Sonra beklenen kısa cevapları veriniz.Örnek: There is some tea in the cupboard, ________?

There is some tea in the cupboard, isn't there? Yes, there is.1. There are some chairs in the room, ________? Yes, ________2. There are some matches in the box, ________? Yes, ________3. There isn't any candy in the bag, ________? No, ________4. There is some butter on the plate, ________? Yes, ________5. There are some boys in the class, ________? Yes, ________6. There are some cups on the shelf, ________? Yes, ________7. There aren't any gloves here, ________? Yes, ________8. There isn't any water in the bottle, ________? No, ________9. There are some visitors in the room, ________? Yes, ________10. There isn't any food in the kitchen, ________? No, ________11. There aren't any grapes in the garden, ________? No, ________12. There are some dishes on the table, ________? Yes, ________

to have (E) Değil mi?"Olumlu climie + olumsuz kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumlu kısa cevap verilmesi beklenir.i.e You have a watch, haven't you? Yes, I have.

Bir saatin var, değil mi? Evet, var.

(Olumsuz cümle + olumlu kısa soru) birleşimlerine olumsuz kısa cevap verilmesi beklenir.i.e The boy hasn't an umbrella, has he? No, he hasn't.

Cümlelerin sonuna "olumsuz kısa soru" veya "olumlu kısa soru" ilave ediniz. Sonra beklenen kısa cevapları veriniz.Örnek: I have a bottle of ink, ________? ________

I have a bottle of ink, haven't I? Yes, you have.1. You haven't any notebooks, ________? No, ________2. She has a watch and a ring, ________? Yes, ________3. The boy hasn't a fountain pen, ________? No, ________4. Mary has a schoolbag, ________? Yes, ________5. This man hasn't two horses, ________? No, ________6. Tom and Jim have two balls, ________? Yes, ________7. John has a bicycle, ________? Yes, ________8. They haven't a boat, ________? No, ________9. Mr Brown has an office, ________? Yes, ________10. You have a letter for me, ________? Yes, ________11. She hasn't a watch, ________? No, ________12. The children have some toys, ________? Yes, ________13. We haven't a clock in this room, ________? No, ________

Mülkiyet Zamirleri"Mülkiyet sıfatları + isim" birleşimleri yerine mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs Mülkiyet zamirleri kullanılabilir.i.e my book mine his book his our book ours

your book yours her book hers your book yoursJohn's book John's their book

theirs

"Mülkiyet sıfatları + isim" birleşimleri veya isim tamlamaları yeri¬ne ilgili sözcükleri koyunuz.Örnek: This book is my book. Bu kitap benim kitabimdir.

This book is mine. Bu kitap benimkidir.1. This pencil is his pencil. ________________________2. These books are our books. ________________________3. This office is John's office. ________________________4. Is this watch your watch? ________________________5. This notebook is my notebook. ________________________6. This magazine is your magazine. ________________________7. Those are Helen's books. ________________________8. These letters are her letters. ________________________9. Is this book your book or John's book? ________________________10. This hat is Mr Smith's hat. ________________________11. This apartment is our apartment. ________________________12. These pencils are their pencils. ________________________13. This one is my magazine. ________________________14. I think it is Helen's dress. ________________________15. This apartment is Mr Smith's apartment. ________________________

Sıfatların Kıyaslanması (A)İkiden fazla hecesi olmayan sıfatların sonuna genellikle -er takısı eklenerek "üstünlük derecesi", -est eklenerek "en üstünlük derecesi" elde edilir.i.e long longer than the longest

uzun ...den daha uzun en uzun

İkiden fazla hecesi olan sıfatların kıyaslanmasında, sıfatların önünde more ve the most kullanılır. Bazı iki heceli sıfatlar için de bu kural uygulanır.i.e beautiful more beautiful the most beautiful

honest more honest the most honest

Boş olan yerlere parantez içinde verilen sıfatın "üstünlük derecesini" veya "en üstünlük derecesini" koyunuz.Örnek: (tall) Mary is the ______________girl in our class.

Mary is the tallest girl in our class.1. (long) Is your hair______________than mine?2. (young) Helen is the ______________girl in our class.3. (short) Are you ______________than John?4. (dark) Whose hair is______________?5. (large) Is Istanbul______________than Ankara?6. (wide) Which street is ______________?7. (worm) Is today ______________than yesterday?8. (cold) This winter is______________than the last winter.9. (difficult) This exercise is ______________than the last one.10. (careful) He is the ______________student in our class.11. (beautiful) She is ______________than Helen.12. (interesting) His game is ______________than any other games.

Sıfatların Kıyaslanması (B)

(y) ile son bulan sıfatların (easy, heavy, busy, funny, pretty, lo¬vely) kıyaslanmasında (y) yerine ier ve iest eklenir.i.e easy easier than... the easiest

kolay ...den daha kolay en kolay

Bazı sessiz harfler ile son bulan tek heceli sıfatların (hot, fat, thin, red, big) kıyaslanmasında son harf iki defa yazılır.i.e big bigger the biggest

hot hotter the hottest

Boş olan yerlere parantez içinde verilen sıfatların "üstünlük dere¬cesini" veya "en üstünlük derecesini" koyunuz.Örnek: Are you ______________than your sister. (tall)

Are you taller than your sister?1. (hot) Which is the ______________season in the year?2. (big) Is the red book ______________than this one?3. (tall) Who is the ______________girl in your class?4. (hot) Is the weather ______________in June than in August?5. (long) Who has the ______________hair?6. (young) Which of the three girls is the ______________?7. (old) Is she ______________than her brother?8. (easy) Which question is the ______________?9. (fat) Is that man ______________than Robert?10. (short) Is your hair______________than mine?11. (heavy) Which box is ______________this one or that one?12. (pretty) Who is the ______________girl in your class?

Sıfatların Kıyaslanması (C)"Üstünlük derecesi" ve "en üstünlük derecesi" kuraldışı olan sıfatlar şunlardır.i.e good (better...... the best) bad (worse ...... the worst)

little (less ...... the least) ill (worse ...... the worst)many (more ...... the most) old (older...... the oldest)much (more ...... the most) (elder ...... the eldest)

Boş olan yerlere parantez içindeki sıfatların "üstünlük derecesini" veya "en üstünlük derecesini" koyunuz.Örnek: (good) This book is ______________than the other one.

This book is better than the other one.1. (little) He is______________clever than his brother.2. (many) She has______________friends than I have.3. (much) He has______________money than anybody.4. (bad) This road is______________than the other one.5. (old) This building is the ______________in the city.6. (lovely) Which are the ______________flowers in your garden?7. (difficult) This question is______________than the last one.8. (valuable) Gold is the ______________9. (expensive) This suit is______________than that one.10. (industrious) Of all animals, the ants are the ______________11. (cheap) My hat is ______________yours.12. (long) This is the ______________pencil in the box.

13. (many) She has______________books than you have.14. (bad) Your friends are ______________these lazy boys.

Sıfatların Kıyaslanması (D)-er, the –est long, tall, short, old, young, dark, bright, warm, cool, hot, cold, new, dean, strong, small, weak, loud, soft, light, deep, last, low, high, rich, poor, cheap, clever, sweet, wide, late, simple, nar¬row, thick

(big-bigger) (hot-hotter) (fat-fatter) (red-redder) (thin-thinner)

-ier, the – iest heavy, busy, funny, easy, pretty, dirty, sunny, cloudy, ugly

more, the most beautiful, honest, difficult, careful, careless, interesting, indust¬rious, expensive, intelligent, convenient, useful

Cümlelerde sıfatların "üstünlük derecesi" yerine "en üstünlük dere¬cesini" kullanınız.Örnek: John is taller than any other boy in the class.

John is the tallest boy in the class.1. My office is bigger than any other office in the building.

________________________________________________________2. New York is larger than any other city in the United States.

________________________________________________________3. She is more intelligent than ail the other girls in the class.

________________________________________________________4. The Soviet Union is larger than any other country in the world.

________________________________________________________5. That child is brighter than any other child in the school.

________________________________________________________6. Robert is fatter than any other boy in the class.

________________________________________________________7. This hat is more expensive than any other hat in the shop.

________________________________________________________8. The Pacific Ocean is larger than any other ocean in the world.

________________________________________________________9. George is more careful than any other driver in the company.

________________________________________________________10. This office is cooler than any other office in the building.

________________________________________________________

Zarfların Kıyaslanması (A)(ly) ile son bulan zarfların "üstünlük" derecesi more sözcüğü ile, "en üstünlük derecesi" the most ile yapılır.i.e carefully more carefully the most carefully

dikkatlice daha dikkatlice en dikkatli olarak

more, the most carelessly, cheerfully, clerly, loudly, quietly, quickly, slowly, wil¬lingly, unwilingly, happily, unhappily, angrily, easily, lazily, roughly, selfishly, neatly, beautifully, cleverly, fluently

Boş olan yerlere parantez içindeki zarfların "üstünlük derecesini" veya "en üstünlük derecesini" koyunuz.Örnek: Who runs __________, John or Jack? (quickly)

Who runs more quickly, John or Jack?1. (unselfishly) He always helps the smaller boys the __________.2. (cheerfully) Who sings __________Mary or Helen? 3. (fluently) He speaks __________than you. 4. (roughly) Tom plays football roughly, but Jim plays__________.5. (neatly) She writes __________. 6. (lazily) This man works lazily, but that man works__________.7. (beautifully) Of all the girls, she plays the piano the __________.8. (clearly) I can explain it__________than you.9. (carefully) Of all the students, he prepares his lessons__________.10. (loudly) I can't hear you. Please speak __________.11. (cleverly) He does his work __________than anybody else.

Zarfların Kıyaslanması (B)(ly) ile son bulan zarfların "üstünlük derecesi" more sözcüğü ile, "en üstünlük derecesi" the most ile yapılır.i.e slowly more slowly the most slowly

yavaş daha yavaş en yavaş

Kuraldışı olan zarflar şunlardır:i.e well (better - the best) early (earlier - the earliest)

badly (worse - the worst) late (later - the latest)little (less - the least) fast (faster - the fastest)much (more - the most) near (nearer - the nearest)hard (harder - the hardest) soon (sooner - the soonest)

Boş olan yerlere parantez içindeki zarfların "üstünlük derecesini" veya "en üstünlük derecesini" koyunuz.Örnek: I don't understand you. Please speak __________

I don't understand you. Please speak more slowly.1. He works hard, but his brother works __________. (hard)2. You should sleep__________than you do. (much)3. He arrives at schools__________than you. (early)4. Of all the boys, John drives the__________. (carefully)5. I feel much __________than yesterday. (well)6. I can't understand you. Please speak __________. (slowly)7. He runs __________than George. (quickly)8. Of all the boys, John plays the __________. (well)9. This boy runs fast, but that boy runs__________. (fast)10. Of all the students, he writes he __________. (neatly)

to be (D) Geçmiş Zaman (1)To be fiilinin şimdiki zaman şekilleri is, am, are geçmiş zaman cümlelerinde was veya were şeklindedir.i.e I was he was we were

you were she was you were it was they were

Tekil isimlerle was, çoğul ismlerle were kullanılır. i.e The door was open.

The windows were open.

Cümlelerde to be fiilinin geçmiş zaman şekillerini (was, were) kullanınız.Örnek: She is at home. (now) O evdedir. (şimdi)

She was at home. (yesterday)O evde idi. (dün)1. The front door is open. ______________________________2. I am an officer in the Navy. ______________________________3. The windows are open. ______________________________4. You are a teacher. ______________________________5. John is in his office. ______________________________6. She is a good dentists. ______________________________7. The new car is in the garage. ______________________________8. He is an accountant. ______________________________9. The children are in the garden. ______________________________10. It is a pleasant day. ______________________________11. We are ready. ______________________________12. Helen is absent from class. ______________________________13. They are at the seaside. ______________________________

to be (E) Geçmiş Zaman (2)To be fiilinin geçmiş zaman şekilleri was, were cümle başında kullanıldığında soru cümlesi yapılmış olur.i.e Were you at school yesterday?

Was she in the cafeteria?

Were, was sözcüklerinden sonra not ilave edilerek olumsuz yapılır.i.e I was not at school yesterday.

She was not in the cafeteria.

Sorulara önce olumlu sonra olumsuz cevap veriniz.Örnek: Were you absent from class yesterday?

Yes, I was absent from class yesterday.No, I was not absent from class yesterday.

1. Was the front door open yesterday?____________________________________________________

2. Was the new car in the garage?____________________________________________________

3. Were you in the office this afternoon?____________________________________________________

4. Was it a pleasant day?____________________________________________________

5. Were they in the garden this morning?____________________________________________________

6. Was John at home?____________________________________________________

7. Were the boys absent?____________________________________________________

8. Were John and Mary at the seaside?____________________________________________________

9. Was it a cold day?____________________________________________________

10. Were you an accountant?____________________________________________________

11. Was he ready for breakfast?____________________________________________________

12. Were the girls sleepy?____________________________________________________

13. Was he a businessman?____________________________________________________

there was - there were (A)There is- there are birleşimlerinde is yerine was, are yerine we¬re getirilirek geçmiş zaman hali yapılır.i.e There is a telephone here. Burada bir telefon var.

There was a telephone here. Burada bir telefon vardı.Was there a telephone here? Burada bir telefon var mıydı?There was not a telephone here. Burada bir telefon yoktu.

was not (= wasn't) were not (= weren't)

Cümleleri, geçmiş zaman cümleleri haline getiriniz.Örnek: There are some cigarettes here.

There were some cigarettes here.1. There are a lot of telephones in the office.

____________________________________________________2. There is a lot of water in the lake.

____________________________________________________3. There aren't any oranges in the shop.

____________________________________________________4. There isn't any food in the kitchen.

____________________________________________________5. Are there any dishes on the table?

____________________________________________________6. Aren't there any gloves there?

____________________________________________________7. There is some butter on the plate.

____________________________________________________8. There are some chairs in the room.

____________________________________________________9. Aren't there any boys in the class?

____________________________________________________10. There isn't any bread on the table.

____________________________________________________11. Are there any desks in the room?

____________________________________________________12. There's some chalk in the box.

____________________________________________________

13. There aren't any sweets in the house.____________________________________________________

14. There are some matches here.____________________________________________________

there was - there were (B) Değil mi?"Olumlu cümle + olumsuz kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumlu kısa cevap verilmesi beklenir.i.e There was a telephone here, wasn't there? Yes, there was.

Burada bir telefon vardi, değil mi? Evet, vardı.

"Olumsuz cümle + olumlu kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumsuz kısa cevap verilmesi beklenir.i.e There wasn't a telephone here, was there? No, there wasn't.

Cümlelerin sonuna "olumsuz kısa soru" veya "olumlu kısa soru" ilave ediniz. Sonra beklenen kısa cevapları veriniz.Örnek: There was some tea in the cupboard,_________?

There was some tea in the cupboard, wasn't there? Yes, there was.1. There were some chairs in the room, _________? Yes, _________2. There were some matches in the box, _________? Yes, _________3. There wasn't any candy in the house, _________? Yes, _________4. There was some butter on the plate, _________? Yes, _________5. There were some boys in the class, _________? Yes, _________6. There were some cups on the shelf, _________? Yes, _________7. There weren't any gloves there, _________? No, _________8. There wasn't any water in the bottle, _________? No, _________9. There were some visitors in the room, _________? Yes, _________10. There wasn't any food in the kitchen, _________? No, _________11. There weren't any grapes in the garden, _________? No, _________12. There were some dishes on the table, _________? Yes, _________

Kısaltmalar (E) to be Geçmiş ZamanI wasn't (I was not) we weren't (we were not)

you weren't (you were not) you weren't (you were not)he wasn't (he was not) they weren't (they were not) she wasn't (she was not) it wasn't (it was not)

Cümlelerde yukarıda gösterilen kısaltmaları kullanınız.Örnek: They were not at the seaside. They weren't at the seaside.1. Mary was not absent from class yesterday.

____________________________________2. There were not any gloves here.

____________________________________3. I was not in the cafeteria yesterday.

____________________________________4. She was not in the office this afternoon.

____________________________________5. John and Helen were not at home.

____________________________________6. They were not careful students

____________________________________7. The children were not in the garden.

____________________________________8. We were not in the restaurant.

____________________________________9. He was not a very lucky man.

____________________________________10. It was not an important job.

____________________________________11. There were not any cars in the garage.

____________________________________12. There was not any bread on the table.

____________________________________13. He was not o capable accountant.

____________________________________14. It was not a cheap coat.

____________________________________15. You were not with us.

____________________________________16. They were not lazy students.

____________________________________17. The boys :sere not very careful.

____________________________________18. It was not a very interesting book.

____________________________________

Kısa Cevaplar (D) to be Geçmiş Zaman Olumlu kısa cevaplarda kısaltmalar kullanılmaz.i.e Were you at school yesterday? Yes, I was.

Olumsuz kısa cevaplarda kısaltmalar kullanılır.i.e Were the boys in the cafeteria? No, the weren't.

Sorulara önce olumlu sonra olumsuz kısa cevaplar veriniz.Örnek: Was Mr Brown a pilot in the Air Force?

Yes, he was. No, he wasn't.1. Where you a teacher? _____________________________2. Was she an actress? _____________________________3. Were they good students? _____________________________4. Was he a careful student? _____________________________5. Were you in the cafeteria? _____________________________6. Was John a capable architect? _____________________________7. Were we polite? _____________________________8. Was it an important job? _____________________________9. Was I with you? _____________________________10. Were the children happy? _____________________________11. Was the letter for me? _____________________________12. Were John and Mary there? _____________________________13. Was Helen at the seaside? _____________________________14. Were the woman in the kitchen? _____________________________

15. Was it necessary? _____________________________16. Were you in the office? _____________________________17. Was it a sunny day? _____________________________

to be (F) Geçmiş Zaman (Değil mi)"Olumlu cümle + olumsuz kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumlu kısa cevap verilmesi beklenir.i.e He was a doctor, wasn't he? Yes, he was.

"Olumsuz cümle + olumlu kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumsuz ce¬vap verilmesi beklenir.i.e He wasn't a doctor, was he? No, he wasn't.

Cümlelerin sonuna "olumsuz kısa soru" veya "olumlu kısa soru" ilave ediniz. Sonra beklenen kısa cevapları veriniz.Örnek: You weren't ready, ___________? ___________

You weren't ready, were you? No, I wasn't.1. The children were happy, ___________? Yes, they___________2. We were polite, ___________? Yes, ___________3. Mary was an actress, ___________? Yes, ___________4. It was very cold, ___________? Yes, ___________5. The girls were friendly, ___________? Yes, ___________6. He was a careful student, ___________? Yes, ___________7. They weren't big cars, ___________? No, ___________8. It wasn't an important job, ___________? No, ___________9. He wasn't a capable accountant, ___________? No, ___________10. John was a good student, ___________? Yes, he ___________11. You weren't lazy, ___________? No, ___________12. She was a pretty girl, ___________? Yes, ___________13. The man wasn't an engineer, ___________? No, he___________

to have (F) Geçmiş ZamanTo have fiilinin şimdiki zaman şekilleri have, has geçmiş zaman cümlelerinde had şeklindedir.i.e I have a boat. Bir sandalım vardır.

I had he had we hadyou had she had you had

it had they had

Had sözcüğü cümle basına alınarak soru cümlesi, had sozcüğünden sonra not ilave edilerek olumsuz cümle yapılır.i.e Had you a bicycle?

I had not a bicycle. (had not = hadn't)

Cümleleri önce soru sonra olumsuz yapınız.Örnek: We had a house in the country.

Had we a house in the country?We hadn't a house in the country.

1. John had a sports car. ____________________________________________

2. My brother had a black dog.

____________________________________________3. We had a shop on that street.

____________________________________________4. His father had a factory.

____________________________________________5. She had two schoolbags.

____________________________________________6. I had model aeroplanes.

____________________________________________7. He had an office in Istanbul.

____________________________________________8. They had a lot of friends.

____________________________________________9. The farmer had many horses.

____________________________________________

to have (G) Geçmiş Zaman (Değil mi?)"Olumlu cümle + olumsuz kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumlu kısa cevap verilmesi beklenir.i.e You had a boat, hadn't you? Yes, I had.

"Olumsuz cümle + olumlu kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumsuz kısa cevap verilmesi beklenir.i.e You hadn't a house, had you? No, I hadn't.

Cümlelerin sonuna "olumsuz kısa soru" veya "olumlu kısa soru" ilave ediniz.Örnek: He had a bicycle,________? ________

He had a bicycle, hadn't he? Yes, he had.1. We had a clock in this room, ________? Yes, ________2. Margaret had a watch, ________? Yes, ________3. The children had some toys, ________? Yes, ________4. John had a car, ________? Yes, ________5. Mary had a schoolbag, ________? Yes, ________6. You hadn't a boat, ________? No, ________7. Mr Brown hadn't a house, ________? No, ________8. Tom and Jim hadn't a house, ________? No, ________9. They hadn't an umbrella, ________? No, ________10. She had a fountain pen, ________? Yes, ________11. You had a ring, _________? Yes, ________12. We hadn't a square table, ________? No, ________13. I hadn't a blue shirt, ________? No, ________

Şimdiki Zaman (Present Continuous) (A)(to be yardımcı fiili + fiillerin ing şekli) = şimdiki zamani.e We are + walking. Biz yürüyoruz.

I am walking he is walking we are walkingyou are walking she is walking you are walking

it is walking they are walking

ing takısı fiillerin yalın haline eklenir. (to read - reading)

(e) ile son bulan fiillerde (e) kaldırılır. (to write - writing)(t) ile son bulan fiillerde (t) yerine (tt) yazılir. (to put - putting)

Olumlu emir cümlelerini şimdiki zaman cümleleri haline getiriniz. (Cümlelerin başında parantez içindeki şahıs zamirlerini kullanınız.)Örnek: (he) Look at the blackboard!

He is looking at the blackboard.1. (I) Write a sentence on this paper! ________________________2. (they) Listen to the teacher! ________________________3. (we) Go to the window! ________________________4. (she) Read the sentence! ________________________5. (you) Ring the bell! ________________________6. (they) Put the books on the table! ________________________7. (he) Take a piece of chalk! ________________________8. (I) Go to sleep! ________________________9. (you) Light a cigarette! ________________________10. (we) Send a telegram! ________________________11. (she) Count the books on the table! ________________________12. (I) Draw a picture on the blackboard! ______________________

Şimdiki Zaman (Present Continuous) (B)"to be yardımcı fiili + fiillerin ing şekli" = şimdiki zamani.e I am speaking English.

Şimdiki zaman cümlelerinde cümle sonunda "şimdi" anlamına gelen now sözcüğü kullanılabilir.i.e We are going to the cafeteria now.

Geniş zaman cümlelerini şimdiki zaman cümleleri haline getiriniz. "everyday, every morning, every night” birleşimleri yerine now sözcüğünü koyunuz.Örnek: He does his homework every night.

He is doing his homework now.1. He takes an English lesson every day.

_________________________________________2. He studies his lesson every day.

_________________________________________3. John eats lunch in the cafeteria every day.

_________________________________________4. He puts the mail on the desk every morning.

_________________________________________5. He comes to his office every day.

_________________________________________6. I watch television every night.

_________________________________________7. It rains every day.

_________________________________________8. He speaks to her in English every day.

_________________________________________9. The sun shines every day.

_________________________________________

10. He reads his newspaper every day._________________________________________

11. Mary goes to school every day._________________________________________

12. The children play in the garden every day._________________________________________

13. John plays the piano every night._________________________________________

14. They have breakfast in the cafeteria every morning._________________________________________

Şimdiki Zaman (C) Soru ve Olumsuz"to be yardımcı fiili + fiillerin ing şekli" = şimdiki zamani.e He is writing a letter.

To be fiilinin şimdiki zaman şekilleri is, am, are cümle başına alınarak soru cümlesi, bu sözcüklerden sonra not ilave edilerek olumsuz cümIe yapılır.i.e Is he writing a latter?

He is not writing a latter.

Cümleleri önce soru sonra olumsuz yapınız.Örnek: She is preparing her lesson now?

Is she preparing her lesson now?She is not preparing her lesson now.

1. John is eating his lunch now._________________________________________

2. We are going to the movies now._________________________________________

3. Mary is speaking to the teacher._________________________________________

4. Mr John is teaching us today._________________________________________

5. The telephone is ringing now._________________________________________

6. Mrs Smith is smoking a cigarette now._________________________________________

7. The sun is rising in the east now._________________________________________

8. You are taking your lesson now._________________________________________

9. The wind is blowing hard today._________________________________________

10. It is raining hard now._________________________________________

11. He is coming to work now._________________________________________

12. They are working on the tenth floor._________________________________________

13. They are having a big sale in that store._________________________________________

Şimdiki Zaman (D)Geniş zaman ile karşılaştırılması

Geniş zaman belirli bir alışkanlıkla her gün yapılan hareketleri veya genel olayları anlatmak için kullanılır.i.e Mary goes to school every day.

The sun always rises in the east.

Şimdiki zaman şu an yapılmakta olan bir hareketi veya şu an olan bir genel olayı anlatmak için kullanılır.i.e Mary is going to school now.

The sun is rising in the east now.

Boş olan yerlere parantez içinde verilen fiillerin geniş zamanını veya şimdiki zamanını koyunuz.Örnek: (play) John ___________ the piano every day.

John___________ the piano now.John plays the piano every day. John is playing the piano now.

1. (eat) He___________ lunch in the cafeteria every day. He ___________ lunch in the cafeteria now.

2. (blow) The ___________ wind hard in this part of town. The wind ___________ hard in this part of town now.

3. (go) We sometimes ___________ to the cinema on Sunday.We ___________ to the cinema now.

4. (smoke) Mr Brown ___________ a cigarette now.Mr Brown ___________ a great deal.

5. (do) They___________ their homework every night.They___________ their homework now.

Şimdiki Zaman (E) Yakın gelecekteki olaylardaTürkçede olduğu gibi İngilizce de yakın gelecekteki olayları anlat¬mak için şimdiki zaman kullanılır.i.e He is leaving for Ankara tomorrow. O yarın Ankara'ya gidiyor.

Soru sözcüklerinden sonra kullanılan "zaman" soru şeklindedir.i.e When is he leaving for Ankara?

Boş olan yerlere parantez içinde verilen fiillerin şimdiki zamanını koyunuz.Örnek: (to come) My brother___________ to visit me next week.

My brother is coming to visit me next week.1. (to leave) When ___________ you ___________ for Europe?2. (to go) What time________ you_________ to the cinema tonight?3. (to come) She ___________ to see you tomorrow.4. (to arrive) On what train___________ your friends___________?5. (to leave) I___________ for Ankara in the morning.6. (to go) Where___________ you___________ on your vacation?7. (to come) Some friends___________ to visit us tonight.8. (to leave) John___________ Istanbul tomorrow morning.

9. (to go) _________ you________ to the concert tomorrow night?10. (to sail) He___________ for France on the Queen Mary.11. (to leave) On what train___________ Mr Brown___________?12. (to go) Mr Brown___________ to Chicago on Saturday.13. (to fly) He___________ to Paris tomorrow morning.14. (to arrive) Mr Jones___________ on the Queen Mary on Monday.

Şimdiki Zaman (F) Değil mi?"Olumlu cümle + olumsuz kısa soru" birleşimlerinde olumlu kısa cevap verilmesi beklenir.i.e He is going to school, isn't he? Yes, he is.

O okula gidiyor, değil mi? Evet.

"Olumsuz cümle + olumlu kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumsuz kısa cevap verilmesi beklenir.i.e He is not watching television, is he? No, he isn't.

Cümlelerin sonuna "olumsuz kısa soru" veya "olumlu kısa soru" ilave ediniz. Sonra beklenen kısa cevapları veriniz.Örnek: It is raining now, ___________? ___________

It is raining now, isn't it? Yes, it is.1. It is not raining, ___________ ? No, ___________2. He is leaving for Ankara tomorrow, ___________ ? Yes, ___________3. She is coming to see you today, ___________ ? Yes, ___________4. John in leaving Istanbul tomorrow, ___________ ? Yes, ___________5. You aren't leaving for Ankara today, ___________ ? No, ___________6. He isn't going to the concert tonight, ___________ ? No, ___________7. It is snowing outside, ___________ ? Yes, ___________8. Tom isn't playing with them, ___________ ? No, ___________9. The wind isn't blowing hard, ___________ ? No, ___________10. We aren't going to the theatre tonight, ___________? No, _________11. They are flying to Paris tomorrow, ___________ ? Yes, ___________12. He sun is not shining now, ___________ ? No, ___________ ü13. He is arriving on Monday, ___________ ? Yes, ___________

Şimdiki Zaman (G) Soru sözcüklü sorularSoru sözcüklerinden sonra kullanılan "zaman" soru şeklindedir.i.e Where is William going?

How is he going to work?What are they eating?Why is the girl crying?

Parantez içinde verilen soru sözcüklerini cümle başında kullanarak soru cümleleri kurunuz.Örnek: (when)John is leaving for school now.

When is John leaving for school?1. (how) Mr Brown is going to New York by plane.

____________________________________________2. (for whom) Mary is waiting for her friends.

____________________________________________3. (what) John is eating a sandwich for breakfast.

____________________________________________4. (where) Helen is having lunch in the cafeteria.

____________________________________________5. (with whom) Tom and Jim are talking with their friends.

____________________________________________6. (where) They are sitting at the table in the corner.

____________________________________________7. (to whom) She is speaking to the postman now.

____________________________________________8. (what book) Robert is studying his English book.

____________________________________________9. (why) He is going to the hospital to visit Mary.ü

____________________________________________10. (with what) They are playing with the model aero planes.

____________________________________________11. (when) They are going to the cinema tonight.

____________________________________________12. (where) The children are running to the garden.

____________________________________________

Şimdiki Zaman (H) Olumsuz SoruŞimdiki zaman olumsuz soru cümleleri to be fiilinin olumsuz şekilleri isn't, am not, aren't ile başlar.i.e Isn't he staying in (at) the hotel?

Am I not learning?Aren't you leaving for Ankara today?

Cümleleri olumsuz soru haline çeviriniz.Örnek: She is preparing her lesson now.

Isn't she preparing her lesson now?1. They are having a big sale in that store.

__________________________________________2. Robert is speaking to the teacher.

__________________________________________3. Mr Brown is teaching us today.

__________________________________________4. It is raining outside now.

__________________________________________5. We are studying the first book.

__________________________________________6. The baby is crying now.

__________________________________________7. He isn't studying English now.

__________________________________________8. John is working on the second floor.

__________________________________________9. He is trying to learn to read and write.

__________________________________________10. He is putting the mail in the mail box.

__________________________________________

Şimdiki Zaman (I)

Soru cümlelerinde soru sözcükleri (veya içinde soru sözcüğü olan sözcük grupları) veya yardımcı fiiller cümle başında bulunur.i.e Where is the old man standing?

To whom is she giving the book? Is Tom going to the post-office?

Parantez içinde verilen sözcük gruplarını kullanarak sorulara Şimdiki Zaman cümleleri ile cevap veriniz.Örnek: What is she reading now? (the newspaper)

She is reading the newspaper now.1. Is he going to the post-office or to school? (to school)

__________________________________________2. How many planes are flying in the air? (only one plane)

__________________________________________3. Who is walking across the bridge? (John)

__________________________________________4. Are you learning English or German? (English)

__________________________________________5. What time are they leaving? (at two o'clock)

__________________________________________6. With whom are you going to the cinema? (with Helen)

__________________________________________7. Is she going there by herself or with Mary? (with Mary)

__________________________________________8. What are the firemen pouring on the fire? (water)

__________________________________________9. With what is she writing a letter? (with a pen)

__________________________________________10. Are they walking by the river or by the lake? (by the lake)

__________________________________________11. Who is driving Robert to school? (his father)

__________________________________________12. Where is he coming from? (from the station)

__________________________________________13. To whom is she speaking now? (to the postman)

__________________________________________14. With whom are they talking? (with their friends)

__________________________________________15. Is the man carrying a bag or luggage? (luggage)

__________________________________________16. What are the boys throwing at each other? (stones)

__________________________________________

Şimdiki Zaman (J) Kısa Cevaplari.e Are you learning English? Yes, I am. No, I am not.

Is she teaching French? Yes, she is No, she isn't

Sorulara önce olumlu, sonra olumsuz kısa cevaplar veriniz.Örnek: Am I swimming well enough?

Yes, you are. No, you aren't.

1. Are the boys walking to school together?__________________________________________

2. Are you doing all the exercises?__________________________________________

3. Is John going to school today?__________________________________________

4. Are they having an English class now?__________________________________________

5. Is Robert reading the newspaper now?__________________________________________

6. Are these students writing on the blackboard?__________________________________________

7. Is John eating lunch in the school cafeteria?__________________________________________

8. Are you going to the post-office now?__________________________________________

9. Is Mary looking for a friend?__________________________________________

10. Is the little girl learning to dress herself?__________________________________________

Gelecek Zaman (Simple Future) (A)Gelecek zaman cümlelerinde shall veya will yardımcı fiilleri kullanılır. Shall ve will sözcüklerinden sonra fiillerin yalın hali getirilir.i.e I shall play with my friend. Arkadaşımla oynayacağım.

I shall play he will play we shall playyou will play she will play you will play

it will play they will play

Olumsuz emir cümlelerini gelecek zaman cümleleri haline getiriniz. (Cümlelerin başında parantez içinde verilen şahıs zamirlerini kullanınız.)Örnek: (we) Look at the blackboard!

We shall look at the blackboard.1. (I) Write a sentence on this paper!

__________________________________________2. (they) Listen to the radio!

__________________________________________3. (we) Go to the window!

__________________________________________4. (she) Read the sentence!

__________________________________________5. (you) Ring the bell!

__________________________________________6. (they) Put the books on the desk!

__________________________________________7. (he) Take a piece of chalk!

__________________________________________8. (I) Go to sleep!

__________________________________________9. (you) Light a cigarette!

__________________________________________10. (we) Send a telegram!

__________________________________________11. (she) Count the books on the table!

__________________________________________12. (I) Draw a picture on the blackboard!

__________________________________________

Gelecek Zaman (B) Soru ve OlumsuzOlumlu gelecek zaman cümlelerinde kullanılan shall veya will sözcükleri cümle başına alınarak soru cümlesi yapılır.i.e We shall play in the garden. Shall we play in the garden?

Shall veya will sözcüklerinden sonra not ilave edilerek olumsuz cümleler yapılır.i.e He will go to the meeting. He will not go to the meeting.

shall not (= shan't) will not (= won't)

Cümleleri önce soru sonra olumsuz yapınız.Örnek: She will go to the theatre tomorrow.

Will she go to the theatre tomorrow?She won't go to the theatre tomorrow.

1. We shall come to school next Monday.__________________________________________

2. She will take some photographs.__________________________________________

3. In the evening I shall read the newspaper.__________________________________________

4. He will take his friend to a concert.__________________________________________

5. Alice will stay at home in the morning.__________________________________________

6. The bell will ring in five minutes.__________________________________________

7. They will take a trip to Europe this summer.__________________________________________

8. I shall see her before she leaves.__________________________________________

9. You will take an English lesson tomorrow.__________________________________________

10. We shall see each other before you leave.__________________________________________

Gelecek Zaman (C) Değil mi?"Olumlu cümle + olumsuz kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumlu kısa cevap verilmesi beklenir.i.e We shall go home, shan't we? Yes, we shall.

Eve gidecegiz, değil mi? Evet.

"Olumsuz cümle + olumlu kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumsuz kısa cevap verilmesi beklenir.i.e They won't go to school, will they? No, they won't.

Cümlelerin sonuna "olumsuz kısa soru" veya "olumlu kısa soru" ilave ediniz.Örnek: You will take music lessons,_________? _________

You will take music lessons, won't you? Yes, I shall.1. He will visit his relatives today, _________? Yes, _________2. We shall leave tomorrow morning, _________? Yes, _________3. They won't stay at home, _________? No, _________4. She will take her sister there, _________? Yes, _________5. Your friends are arriving on this train, _________? Yes, _________6. You will take your camera with you, _________? Yes, _________7. We shan't remain there all the summer, _________? No, _________8. He will buy the tickets, _________? Yes, _________9. They will return next month, _________? Yes, _________10. You won't be at the lesson on Monday, _________? No, _________11. He won't be at the meeting, _________? No, _________12. She will do her homework today, _________? Yes, _________13. They won't go to the cinema tonight, _________? No, _________

Gelecek Zaman (D) Soru sözcüklu sorularSoru sözcüklerinden sonra kullanılan "zaman" soru şeklindedir.i.e What time will the train arrive in Ankara?

At what street will you get off the bus?

Parantez içinde verilen soru sözcüklerini cümle başında kullanarak soru cümleleri kurunuz.Örnek: (where) I shall have lunch at the cafeteria.

Where will you have lunch?1. (why) I shall go to the station to say good-bye to her.

______________________________________________________2. (when)We shall visit Mr Brown again next week.

______________________________________________________3. (where) Tom and Jim will meet me at the station.

______________________________________________________4. (what) They will buy some books at the book-shop.

______________________________________________________5. (how) He will go to his office in his own car.

______________________________________________________6. (with what) They will be very pleased with their presents.

______________________________________________________7. (where) John and Mary will go to the zoo tomorrow.

______________________________________________________8. (for whom) I shall buy a nice Christmas present for Mary.

______________________________________________________9. (to whom) Tom will give Helen a present at Christmas.

______________________________________________________10. (what time) The plane will leave for Ankara at eleven.

______________________________________________________11. (when)There will be a meeting this morning.

______________________________________________________

12. (why) They will go to Par's to see their son.______________________________________________________

13. (what time) She will be here at one o'clock.______________________________________________________

14. (at what street) I shall get off the bus at 70th Street.______________________________________________________

Gelecek Zaman (E) Olumsuz SoruGelecek zaman olumsuz soru cümleleri shall, will yardımcı fiillerin olumsuz şekilleri shan't, won't ile başlar.i.e Shan't we begin our lesson at nine?

Won't you be here on Thursday?

Cümleleri olumsuz soru haline çeviriniz.Örnek: We shall not come to school next Monday.

Shan't we come to school next Monday?1. I shall read the newspaper in the evening.

______________________________________________________2. Mary will stay at home in the morning.

______________________________________________________3. She will go for a walk at the seaside.

______________________________________________________4. He will take his sister to the cinema.

______________________________________________________5. We shall all enjoy the holiday.

______________________________________________________6. He will bring his camera with him.

______________________________________________________7. The lesson will begin at nine o'clock.

______________________________________________________8. They will come back tomorrow.

______________________________________________________9. I shall watch television tonight.

______________________________________________________10. They will visit their relatives on Sunday.

______________________________________________________

Gelecek Zaman (F) SorularSoru cümlelerinde soru sözcüğü (veya içinde soru sözcüğü olan sözcük grupları) veya yardımcı fiiller cümle başıda bulunur. (Kullanılan "zaman" soru şeklindedir.)i.e Where will you spend your vacation?

How long will you be in Bodrum?Will you return to Istanbul soon?

Parantez içinde verilen sözcük gruplarını kullanarak sorulara gelecek zaman cümleleri ile cevap veriniz.Örnek: How will they go back to the village? (by bus)

They will go back to the village by bus.1. Will you visit the museums or the mosques? (the museums)

______________________________________________________

2. When shall we hold a meeting? (tomorrow)______________________________________________________

3. What time will you be in the office? (at two o'clock)______________________________________________________

4. Where will you go first? (to the station)______________________________________________________

5. Will you study English or history tonight? (history)______________________________________________________

6. For whom will your father buy a present? (for my sister)______________________________________________________

7. At what street will you get off the bus? (at 70th street)______________________________________________________

8. Will he wait in the class or in the garden? (in the class)______________________________________________________

9. To whom will you give a Christmas present? (to Mary)______________________________________________________

10. Will they go there by bus or by train? (by train)______________________________________________________

11. In what way will it be useful to us? (in many ways)______________________________________________________

12. Shall we go to the cinema or to the theatre? (to the cinema)______________________________________________________

13. How shall we learn to'speak English? (by practice)______________________________________________________

14. Will he stay at home or come with us? (at home)______________________________________________________

15. Why will he stay at home? (to watch television)______________________________________________________

16. With what will they be very pleased? (with their presents)______________________________________________________

Gelecek Zaman (G) Kısa Cevaplari.e Will you be here tomorrow? Yes, I will. No, I won't.

Shall we have time to rest? Yes, we shall. No, we shan't.Shall I see you next lessons? Yes, you will. No, you won't.

Sorulara önce olumlu sonra olumsuz kısa cevaplar veriniz.Örnek: Will they be open on Saturday afternoon?

Yes, they will. No, they won't.1. Will you come here again next week?

__________________________________________2. Will you have time to write a composition this week?

__________________________________________3. Will there be an important football match this week?

__________________________________________4. Shall I have time to write a letter before breakfast?

__________________________________________5. Will there be a class next Monday?

__________________________________________6. Shall we go to the post-office after the lesson?

__________________________________________7. Will you visit your relatives this weekend?

__________________________________________8. Will she come with us to the cinema?

__________________________________________9. Shall we have dinner at seven o'clock tonight?

__________________________________________10. Will the shops be open at eight o'clock in the morning?

__________________________________________

Geçmiç Zaman (Simple Past) (A)Olumlu geçmiş zaman cümlelerinde fiillerin geçmiş zaman şekilleri kullanılır. Kurala uygun olan fiiller geçmiş zaman şekillerinde sonlarına (ed), (d) veya son harf (y) yerine (ied) takısı alır.i.e work – worked live – lived study – studied

Kurala uygun olmayan fiiller, belirli gruplarda belirli ozellikler gösterir.i.e put – put build – built keep – kept

cut – cut send – sent bring – broughtfeel – felt buy – bought

(Kuraldışı fiillerin Past ve Past Participle şekilleri Ek Bölümünde gösterilmiştir.)Geniş zaman cümlelerini geçmiş zaman cümleleri haline getiriniz. (Everyday yerine yesterday koyunuz.)Örnek: He works every day. O her gün çalışır.

He worked yesterday.O dün çalıştı.

1. I study English every day. ______________________________2. We live in Istanbul. ______________________________3. The girl puts on her dress. ______________________________4. They build a house. she worked. ______________________________5. I send a letter to my parents. ______________________________6. We buy a newspaper every day. ______________________________7. I feel much better. ______________________________8. He brings her some flowers. ______________________________9. He cuts it with a knife. ______________________________10. We keep ourselves busy. ______________________________

Geçmiç Zaman (Simple Past) (B)Olumlu geçmiş zaman cümlelerinde fiillerin geçmiş zaman şekilleri kullanılır.Kurala uygun fiiller Kurala uymayan fiillermail – mailed see – sawarrive – arrived pay – paidplay – played write – wroteopen – opened take – tookwait – waited give – gavecarry – carried go – wentprepare – parepared come – came

Geniş zaman cümlelerini geçmiş zaman cümleleri haline getiriniz. (Everyday yerine yesterday koyunuz.)Örnek: They see each other every day.

They saw each other yesterday.1. The postman comes here everyday. ____________________________2. He mails the letter in the mail box. ____________________________3. I pay my fare on the bus every day. ____________________________4. Mr Brown carries a suitcase. ____________________________5. He writes a composition every day. ____________________________6. She waits for us after the lesson. ____________________________7. I take my package and go home. ____________________________8. They prepare their lessons every day. __________________________9. He gives his sister a present. ____________________________10. She opens the windows every day. ____________________________11. The children play in the garden. ____________________________12. The train arrives in Ankara at 9 o'clock. _________________________

Fiillerin Geçmiş Zaman Şekilleri (Past) (A)Kurala uygun olan fiiller geçmiş zaman şekillerinde sonlarına (ed), (d) veya son harf (y) yerine (ied) alır.-ed address, answer, ask, belong, believe, dean, climb, comb, cook, deliver, dial, discuss, explain, faint, fill, finish, need

-d arrive, cable, change, close, complete, dance, decide, divide, hope, invite, like, live, move, owe

-ied carry, copy, hurry, reply, study, try

Boş yerlere parantez içindeki fiilin geçmiş zaman şeklini koyunuz.Örnek: (to carry) The porter_________ the box on his shoulder.

The porter carried the box on his shoulder.1. (to invite) They_________ their friend to dinner.2. (to explain) He _________ the traffic rules to us.3. (to answer) The teacher_________ my question.4. (to ask) He _________ me my name.5. (to comb) I_________ my hair this morning.6. (to deliver) The postman _________ the mail yesterday.7. (to finish) They_________ their homework last night.8. (to arrive) The train _________ in Ankara at 9 o'clock.9. (to decide) We _________ to go for a walk.10. (to divide) He _________ 10 by 2.11. (to try) She _________ to read a newspaper.12. (to reply) "No, thank you," she _________13. (to close) She _________ all the windows.

Fiillerin Geçmiş Zaman Şekilleri (B)Kurala uygun olan fiiller geçmiş zaman şekillerinde sonlarına (ed), (d) veya son harf (y) yerine (ied) alır.i.e (walk-walked) (dance-danced) (reply-replied)

-ed guess, happen, hang, help, intend, laugh, learn, look, lis¬ten, light, mail, miss, open, paint, park, pass, play, prefer, pull, push, remember, remind

-d prepare, promise, raise, receive, shave, smoke, taste, telephone, translate, use

Boş olan yerlere parantez içinde verilen flillerin geçmiş zaman şekillerini koyunuz.Örnek: (to park) He _________ his car under a No Parking sign.

He parked his car under a No Parking sign.1. (to phone) John _________ his girl friend at noon.2. (to happen) An accident_________ yesterday morning.3. (to look) I_________ at the clock in the hall.4. (to serve) The mother _________ the soup.5. (to play) We _________ basketball yesterday afternoon.6. (to shave) I_________ this morning.7. (to help) Mary_________ her mother in the kitchen.8. (to promise) He _________ to be back by five o'clock.9. (to mail) I_________ the letter early this morning.10. (to listen) We _________ to the radio after dinner.11. (to intend) I_________ to visit my friend at the hospital.12. (to receive) We _________ a letter from our son last Sunday.

Fiillerin Geçmiş Zaman Şekilleri (C)Kurala uygun olan fiiller geçmiş zaman şekillerinde sonlarına (ed), (d) veya son harf (y) yerine (ied) alır.i.e (ask - asked) (shave - shaved) (try - tried)

-ed rain, reach, rent, rest, return, repair, row, sail, seem, show, sign, smell, snow, stay, succeed, thank, touch, travel, walk, want, wash, wait, watch, wish, work

(drop-dropped) (stop-stopped) (permit-permitted) (plan-planned)

Boş olan yerlere parantez içinde verilen fiillerin geçmiş zaman şekillerini koyunuz.Örnek: (to try) He _________ to do the work. He tried to do the work.1. (to stop) She _________ for a minute to look at the shop window.2. (to permit) They_________ us to go inside the factory.3. (to watch) We _________ television till late last night.4. (to thank) He _________ me for my help.5. (to plan) They_________ a visit to Cyprus.6. (to snow) It_________ very heavily last night.7. (to walk) I_________ to my office yesterday.8. (to rain) It_________ the whole night.9. (to want) I_________ to finish homework.10. (to travel) We _________ across the country.11. (to wait) Robert_________ for Mary in the school cafeteria.12. (to wash) John _________ his hands and his face before breakfast.

Fiillerin Geçmiç Zaman Şekilleri (D)Kurallara uygun olmayan fiiller belirli gruplarda belirli ozellikler gösterir.

Yalın hali ve geçmiş zaman şekilleri aynı olan fiiller.

(cost - cost) (hurt - hurt) (put - put) (shut - shut)(cut - cut) (let - let) (set - set) (hit - hit)

Son harf (d) yerine (t) alan fiiller.(build - built) (lend -lent) (spend- spent)(bend - bent) (send - sent)

Sonuna (t) veya (-ed) alan fiiller.smell - smelt (smelled) learn – lernt (learned)burn - burnt (burned) spell - spelt (spelled)

Boş olan yerlere parantez içinde verilen fiillerin geçmiş zaman şekillerini koyunuz.Örnek: (to send) I_________ the letter by air mall.

I sent the letter by air mail.1. (to learn) We _________ all the new words in the lesson.2. (to spend) I_________ two hours on my homework last night.3. (to cut) He _________ the bread with a pocket knife.4. (to build) They_________ this bridge in 1973.5. (to lend) I_________ him some money last week.6. (to put) She _________ the magazines on the table.7. (to let) His mother_________ him go and play football.8. (to smell) We _________ something burning.9. (to spell) She _________ all the new words correctly.10. (to hurt) He_________ his leg in an accident yesterday.

Fiillerin Geçmiş Zaman şekilleri (E)Kurala uygun olmayan fiiller belirli gruplarda belirli özellikler gösterir.

(sleep - slept) (hear - heard) (bring - brought)(see - saw) (meet - met) (read - read)(buy - bought) (sit - sat) (keep - kept)(lead - led) (catch - caught) (give - gave)(feed - fed) (leave - left) (fight - fought)(ring - rang) (feel - felt) (mean - meant)(find - found) (sing - sang) (sweep - swept)(dream - dreamt) (think - thought) (swim - swam)

Boş olan yerlere parantez içinde verilen fiilerin gegmiş zaman şekillerini koyunuz.Örnek: (to sleep) I_________ very well last night.

I slept very well last night.1. (to meet) We _________ the Browns last summer.2. (to feed) They_________ the lions in the zoo.3. (to hear) I_________ a loud noise.4. (to read) She _________ the newspaper after breakfast.5. (to leave) They_________ for Ankara on Sunday.6. (to bring) He _________ Mary some flowers this morning.7. (to buy) I _________ myself a new dress yesterday.8. (to catch) The policeman _________ the thief.9. (to find) She _________ her pencil in the bedroom.10. (to see) I _________ my uncle this afternoon.

11. (to give) John_________ her some chocolates.12. (to ring) The bell_________ loudly.13. (to sing) She _________ a beautiful song last night.14. (to swim) He _________ across the Boşphorus this morning.

Fiillerin Geçmiş Zamanları (F)Kurala uygun olmayan fiillerin geçmiş zaman (Past) şekilleri ek bölümde alfabetik sıra ile gösterilmiştir.

(light - lit) (lose - lost) (shoot - shot)(think - thought) (dig - dug) (make - made)(stand - stood) (win - won) (get - got)(say - said) (strike - struck) (come - came)(hang - hung) (sell - sold) (teach - taught)(run - ran) (hold - held) (shine - shone)(tell - told) (have - had)

Boş olan yerlere parantez içinde verilen fiillerin Geçmiş Zaman şekillerini koyunuz.Örnek: (to get) We _________ to the airport at seven o'clock.

We got to the airport at seven o'clock.1. (to hang) He _________ his coat on the hanger in the wardrobe.2. (to hold) They_________ a meeting at the club yesterday.3. (to sell) He _________ his house the day before yesterday.4. (to tell) She _________ an interesting story to the boys.5. (to light) He struck a match and _________ a cigarette.6. (to teach) My brother_________ me to ride a bicycle.7. (to say) "Please hurry," she _________8. (to stand) Everyone _________ up.9. (to make) She _________ a lot of mistakes in her letter.10. (to lose) Mary_________ her pencil this morning.11. (to shoot) The hunter_________ a tiger last week.12. (to come) My parents_________ to school to see me.13. (to win) Robert_________ the first prize for Arithmetic.14. (to dig) The men _________ a hole in the road yesterday.15. (to have) We _________ our breakfast at six o'clock this morning.

Fiillerin Geçmiş Zaman Şekilleri (G)Kurala uygun olmayan fiillerin geçmiş zaman (Past) şekilleri ek bölünde alfabetik sıra ile g6sterilmiştir.

(draw - drew) (fly - flew) (break - broke)(sink - sank) (do - did) (go - went)(choose - chose) (drink - drank) (drive - drove)(know - knew) (freeze - froze) (begin - began)(eat - ate) (take - took) (forget - forgot)(wake - woke) (fall - fell) (write - wrote)(speak - spoke) (steal - stole)

Boş olan yerlere parantez içinde verilen fiillerin geçmiş zaman şekillerini koyunuz .Örnek: (to begin) The class_________ at nine o'clock.

The class began at nine o'clock.1. (to write) I_________ a long letter to my sister this morning.2. (to break) The boys _________ the window of the shop.3. (to do) They_________ their homework on Saturday.4. (to fall) The leaves_________ from the trees.5. (to eat) We _________ lunch in the school cafeteria.6. (to begin) I_________ to study English three months ago.7. (to drink) I_________ beer out of a big glass.8. (to forget) I_________ to bring my camera to school.9. (to make) We _________ a trip to Europe last summer.10. (to choose) She _________ a white dress and bought it.11. (to drive) Who _________ you to school this morning?12. (to fly) He _________ to London yesterday morning.13. (to steal) A thief_________ the little boy's bicycle.14. (to freeze) It_________ hard last night.15. (to go) They_________ to the country to spend their vacation.

to do (B) Geçmiş ZamanGeçmiş zaman cümlelerini soru ve olumsuz yapmak için to do yardımcı fiilinin geçmiş zaman şekli did kullanılır.

I did he did we didyou did she did you did

it did they did

Geçmis zaman soru cümlelerinde did cümle başında bulunur, olumsuz cümlelerde did sözcüğünden sonra not ilave edilir: did not (didn't).i.e He did not work yesterday. O dün çalışmadı.

Did he work yesterday? O dün çalıştı mı?

Soru cümlelerine olumsuz cevap veriniz.Örnek: Did you come to school yesterday?

No, I didn't come to school yesterday?1. Did you play basketball yesterday afternoon?

_____________________________________________2. Did he stay in bed all day?

_____________________________________________3. Did he prepare his lessons?

_____________________________________________4. Did you visit your friend yesterday?

_____________________________________________5. Did they play football on Sunday?

_____________________________________________6. Did she go to school by bus?

_____________________________________________7. Did you do your homework before breakfast?

_____________________________________________8. Did you know your lesson very well?

_____________________________________________9. Did she play the piano yesterday evening?

_____________________________________________10. Did you sleep well last night?

_____________________________________________11. Did you go to the cinema last week?

_____________________________________________12. Did we learn all the new words in this lesson?

_____________________________________________

to have (H) Geçmiş Zaman (2) to do ileTo have fiilinin geçmiş zaman soru ve olumsuz şekilleri, to do yardımcı fiilinin geçmiş zaman şekli did ile de yapılabilir.i.e Had you a boat? = Did you have a boat?

I had not a boat. = I did not have a boat.

Cümlelerde to do yardımcı fiilinin geçmiş zaman şekli did sözcüğünü kullanınız.1. John had not a sports car. _______________________________2. Had your brother a black dog? _______________________________3. We hadn't a shop on that street. _______________________________4. Had his father a factory. _______________________________5. She hadn't two schoolbags. _______________________________6. Had you model aeroplanes? _______________________________7. Had he an office in Istanbul? _______________________________8. Had they many friends? _______________________________9. The farmer hadn't many horses. _______________________________10. We hadn't a telephone in the house. ___________________________

Geniş Zaman (C) Soru ve OlumsuzGeniş zaman cümlelerini soru yapmak için do yardımcı fiilinin geçmiş şekli did ve fiillerin yalın hali kullanılır.i.e The postman came here yesterday.

Did the postman come here yesterday?

Olumsuz yapmak için did not birleşiminden sonra fiillerin yalın hali getirilir.i.e The postman did not come here yesterday.

Cümleleri önce soru, sonra olumsuz yapınız.Örnek: They studied English last night.

Did they study English last night?They didn't study English last night.

1. She wrote a composition this evening.

__________________________________________2. We bought a newspaper this morning.

__________________________________________3. He waited for us after the lesson.

__________________________________________4. I got a letter this afternoon.

__________________________________________5. They prepared their lessons last night.

__________________________________________6. He mailed the letter in the mail box.

__________________________________________7. She opened all the windows.

__________________________________________8. Tom and Jim played tennis this afternoon.

__________________________________________9. The train arrived in Ankara at 9 o'clock.

__________________________________________10. I sent a letter to my parents this morning.

__________________________________________11. I saw my friend on my way to school yesterday.

__________________________________________12. I received a letter from my friend this morning.

__________________________________________

Geçmiş Zaman (D) Değil mi?"Olumlu cümle + olumsuz kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumlu kısa cevap verilmesi beklenir.i.e He worked yesterday, didn't he? Yes, he did.

O dün çalıştı, değil mi? Evet.

"Olumsuz cümle + olumlu kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumsuz kısa cevap verilmesi beklenir.i.e He didn't work yesterday, did he? No, he didn't.

Cümlelerin sonuna "olumsuz kısa soru" veya "olumlu kısa soru" ilave ediniz. Sonra beklenen kısa cevapları veriniz.Örnek: You came to school yesterday, didn't you? Yes, I did.1. You played basketball yesterday, ________?Yes, ________2. He stayed in bed all day, ________? Yes, ________3. She prepared her lessons, ________? Yes, ________4. You didn't visit your friend, ________? No, ________5. They didn't play football, ________? No, ________6. She went to school by bus, ________? Yes, ________7. We didn't learn all the new words, ________? No, ________8. You didn't know your lesson very well, ________? No, ________9. She played the piano this morning, ________? Yes, ________10. You didn't sleep well last night, ________? No, ________11. You went to the cinema last week, ________? Yes, ________12. You did your homework before breakfast, ________? Yes, ________13. She wrote her composition last night, ________? Yes, ________14. John waited for you after the lesson, ________? Yes, ________

Edatlar (Prepositions) (H)across, through, along, inside, outside, up, down

Edatlar, önünde bulundukları isimler ile cümledeki diğer sözcükler arasında otan bağlantıyı gösterir.i.e across the street caddenin karşı tarafına

through the garden bahçenin içindenalong the river nehir boyunca inside the house evin içine (içinde)outside the school okul dışına (dışında)up the hill tepeden yukarıyadown the valley vadiden aşağıya

Boş olan yerlere uygun olan edatları (prepositions) koyunuz.Örnek: The soldiers marched __________ the forest.

The soldiers marched through the forest.1. Do you sometimes walk __________ the river?2. Please come __________. It is raining __________.3. They walked __________ the bridge.4. The hare ran__________ the valley.5. He is standing__________ the door.6. Draw a line __________ the page.7. Don't run__________ the street8. What is there __________ the box?9. He climbed__________ me free.10. Please come __________ with me.11. Are you going__________ the street.12. There is a bridge __________ the railway line.

Geçmiş Zaman (E) Soru sözcüklü sorularSoru sözcüklerinden sonra kullanılan "zaman" soru şeklindedir.i.e What time did the postman come here?

Where did Mr. Brown buy his new car?

Parantez içinde verilen soru sözcüklerini cümle başında kullanarak soru cümleleri kurunuz.Örnek: I got up at seven o'clock this morning. (what time)

What time did you get up this morning?1. The nurse took the children to the park. (where)

__________________________________________________2. He paid two dollars for his English book. (how much)

__________________________________________________3. He arrived at the airport at four o'clock. (when)

__________________________________________________4. The class began at nine o'clock. (what time)

__________________________________________________5. I saw John in the school cafeteria. (whom)

__________________________________________________6. Mary put the books on the teacher's desk. (where)

__________________________________________________7. The plane landed in Yesilkoy at two o'clock. (what time)

__________________________________________________8. He bought a ticket at the airport. (what)

__________________________________________________9. He went to London by plane. (how)

__________________________________________________10. We visit our friend at the hospital. (where)

__________________________________________________11. She drove him to the airport at one o'clock. (where)

__________________________________________________12. The plane left for Ankara at eleven o'clock. (what time)

__________________________________________________

Geçmiş Zaman (F) SorularSoru cümlelerinde soru sözcükleri (veya içinde soru sözcüğü olan grupları) veya yardımcı fiiller cümle başında bulunur.i.e Where did you buy your english book?

What time did you get home last night? Did you see your uncle this morning?

Parantez içinde verilen sözcük gruplarını kullanarak sorulara geçmiş zaman cümleleri ile cevap veriniz.Örnek: Who drove him to the airport? (Mr Nelson)

Mr Nelson drove him to the airport.1. What time did your English class begin today? (at ten)

__________________________________________________2. When did the plane take off? (at two o'clock)

__________________________________________________3. What time did you have lunch yesterday? (at one o'clock)

__________________________________________________4. Did they go to school by bus or by train? (by bus)

__________________________________________________5. Why did they plan a visit to Europe? (to see their son)

__________________________________________________

6. What did they write in the afternoon? (a composition)__________________________________________________

7. Did he take his sister or his brother with him? (his sister)__________________________________________________

8. To whom did you give a present? (to my girl friend)__________________________________________________

9. How did Mr Brown go to London? (by plane).__________________________________________________

10. Where did she wait for her friend? (at the bus stop)__________________________________________________

11. Did your father buy you a bicycle or a boat? (a bicycle)__________________________________________________

12. Did John walk to school with Mary or with Helen? (with Mary)__________________________________________________

13. Whom did they see in the school cafeteria? (John)__________________________________________________

14. When did the plane land in Yesilkoy? (at tree o'clock)__________________________________________________

15. Where did you have your breakfast today? (in the cafeteria)__________________________________________________

Geçmiş Zaman (G) Olumsuz SoruGecmiş zaman olumsuz soru cümleleri to do yardımcı fiilinin geçmiş zaman olumsuz şekli didn't ile başlar.i.e Didn't you go to school yesterday?

Didn't they come to class yesterday?

Cumleleri olumsuz soru haline çeviriniz.Ömek: She didn't bring her camera with her.

Didn't she bring her camera with her?1. The lesson didn't begin at nine o'clock this morning.

__________________________________________________2. Mary didn’t come to class yesterday.

__________________________________________________3. She didn't speak to the postman this morning.

__________________________________________________4. They didn't study their lesson last night

__________________________________________________5. We didn't have breakfast this morning.

__________________________________________________6. I didn't go to work by train yesterday.

__________________________________________________7. We didn't play tennis yesterday afternoon.

__________________________________________________8. They didn't see many interesting things there.

__________________________________________________9. I didn't understand the lesson very well.

__________________________________________________10. They didn't sing very well.

__________________________________________________

11. She didn't give her friend a present.__________________________________________________

12. It didn't rain very heavily last night.__________________________________________________

13. He didn't study English this afternoon.__________________________________________________

14. They didn't walk to school this morning.__________________________________________________

15. Some students didn't prepare the exercises.__________________________________________________

16. The nurse didn't take the children to the park.__________________________________________________

17. The plane didn't arrive in Yesilkoy on time.__________________________________________________

18. John didn't take his examination yesterday.__________________________________________________

19. They didn't write the new words in their notebooks.__________________________________________________

Geçmiş Zaman (H) Kısa Cevaplari.e Did you go there yesterday? Yes, I did. No, I didn't.

Did he speak to the postman? Yes, I did. No, he didn't.

Sorulara önce olumlu sonra olumsuz kısa cevap veriniz.Örnek: Did they study English last night?

Yes, they did. No, they didn't.1. Did they write the new words in their notebooks?

__________________________________________________2. Did Robert come to class yesterday?

__________________________________________________3. Did the plane arrive in Yesilkoy on time?

__________________________________________________4. Did they play tennis yesterday afternoon?

__________________________________________________5. Did the class begin at nine o'clock?

__________________________________________________6. Did thev prepare their exercises last night?

__________________________________________________7. Did Mrs Brown speak to the postman this morning?

__________________________________________________8. Did you understand the lesson very well?

__________________________________________________9. Did they see many interesting things there?

__________________________________________________10. Did she prepare the exercises last night?

__________________________________________________11. Did it rain very heavily yesterday?

__________________________________________________12. Did the nurse take the children to the park today?

__________________________________________________

Edatlar (Prepositions) (I)Edatlar önünde bulundukları isimler ile cümledeki diğer sözcükler arasında olan bağlantıyı gösterir.

during the spring, summer, autumn, winter, day, morning, afternoon,esnasinda evening, night, last few years, years 1950-54, that time

until (till) tomorrow, next week, next Sunday, next month, eightkadar o'clock, morning, dark, January

Boş olan yerlere.uygun olan edatları koyunuz.Örnek: I am always at school_________ the day.

I am always at school during the day.1. The boys played _________ the afternoon.2. She did not leave _________ morning.3. He was in the army_________ the war.4. We didn't get home _________ 2. a.m.5. _________ my stay in England.6. _________ eight o'clock in the morning.7. _________ the last few weeks.8. _________ midnight.9. _________ the years 1960-63.10. _________ that time.11. _________ next Saturday.12. _________ my holidays.13. I shall stay_________ tomorrow.14. Did you have a good time _________ the summer?15. It was cold from the New Year_________ April.

Geçmiş Devamlı Hal (Past Continuous) (A)Geçmişte devamlı hal (past continuous) cümlelerinde to be yardımcı fiilinin geçmiş zaman şekilleri (was, were) fiillerin -ing şekilleriyle birlikte kullanılır.i.e I was studying. Çalışıyordum.

We were resting. Dinleniyorduk.

Geçmiş zaman (simple past) olarak bildirilen bir hareketle aynı esnada olan diğer bir hareketi anlatmak için geçmişte devamlı hal (past continuous) kullanılır.i.e I was studying when he came.

çalışıyordum o geldiği zaman.

Parantez içinde verilen sözcük gruplarını cümle başında (veya sonunda) kullanarak şimdiki zaman cümlelerini geçmişte devamlı hal cümleleri haline getiriniz.Örnek: I am going to the station (when you saw me).

When you saw me, I was going to the station.1. She is studying. (when you called her on the phone)

_____________________________________________2. Mary is playing the piano. (when 1 arrived)

_____________________________________________3. It is raining hard. (when I left home this morning)

_____________________________________________4. He is reading the newspaper. (when she came in)

_____________________________________________5. She is sleeping. (when the phone rang)

_____________________________________________6. We are watching television. (when our guests arrived)

_____________________________________________7. I am going to school. (when you meet me)

_____________________________________________8. The wind is blowing hard. (when I came to the office)

_____________________________________________9. The sun is shining brightly. (when I got up this morning)

_____________________________________________

Geçmişte Devamlı Hal (Past Continuous) (B)Geçmiş zaman (simple past) olarak bildirilen bir hareketle aynı esnada olan diğer bir hareketi anlatmak için geçmişte devamlı hal (past continuous) kullanılır.i.e I was reading the newspaper when she came in.

While I was going home this morning, I saw an accident.As I was walking home yesterday, I met a friend of mine.

Parantez içinde verilen fiilleri "geçmişte devamlı hal" (past conti¬nuous) olarak boş olan yerlerde kullanınız.Örnek: (to cross) I met him when he _______________ the street.

I met him when he was crossing the street.1. (to sing) My friends _______________ when I came into the room.2. (to do) They_____________ their homeworks when she came back.3. (to rain) It_______________ hard when I left the school.4. (to get) As Mary _______________ off the bus, she slipped.5. (to work) I_______________ in the garden when you telephoned.6. (to leave) Just as we_______________ for the cinema, the phone rang.7. (to play) While she _______________ the piano, I wrote a letter.8. (to talk) He _______________ in the club when I last saw him.9. (to listen) When I_______________ to the radio, I heard a loud noise.10. (to sleep) When we arrived at his house, he _______________11. (to have) The light went out while we _______________ supper.12. (to cook) She finished the housework while she _______________13. (to cut) She cut her finger while she _______________ the bread.14. (to live) We _______________ in France when the war began.15. (to shine) When I went out, the sun _______________

Geçmişte Devamlı Hal (C) Soru ve OlumsuzGeçmişte devamlı hal (past continuous) cümlelerini soru yapmak için cümlede kullanılan was veya were sözcüğü cümle başına alınır.i.e He was studying when she came in.

Was he studying when she came in?

Olumsuz yapmak için cümlede kullanılan was veya were sözcüğünden sonra not ilave edilir.i.e I was sleeping when you came in.

I was not sleeping when you came in.

Cümleleri önce soru, sonra olumsuz yapınız.Örnek: They were singing when she came into the room.

Where they singing when she came into the room?They were not singing when she came into the room.

1. We were watching television when our guests arrived._____________________________________________

2. It was raining when you left for the cinema._____________________________________________

3. He was working in the garden when you telephoned._____________________________________________

4. I was going to the post-office when you met me._____________________________________________

5. My father was reading the newspaper when you phoned._____________________________________________

6. The light went out while we were having dinner._____________________________________________

7. When he went out, the sun was shining brightly._____________________________________________

8. They were living in Germany when the war began._____________________________________________

9. She was studying when you called her on the phone._____________________________________________

10. He was driving fast when the accident happened._____________________________________________

11. It was snowing when I left the office at five o'clock._____________________________________________

Geçmişte Devamlı Hal (Past Continues) (D)Geçmişte devamlı hal (past continuous) kullanılış yerleri:

a) "Geçmişte devamlı hal + geçmiş zaman" i.e I was studying when you came in.

b) Geçmişte tekrarlanan hareketlerde always ile birliktei.e She was always telling me to do a lot of things.

c) "Gittikçe daha soguyordu, gittikçe daha kararıyordu" şeklinde artış gösteren hareketlerde.

i.e It was getting colder.It was getting darker.

Parantez içinde verilen fiilleri geçmiş devamlı hal (past continuo¬us) olarak boş olan yerlerde kullanınız.Örnek: (to come) He _____ always_____________ to the meetings late.

He was always coming to the meetings late.

1. (to read) He _____________ the newspaper when we got there.2. (to write) She _____________ on the blackboard when he came in.3. (to do) He _____ always _____________ the same exercises.4. (to work) She fell while she _____________ in the garden.5. (to get) She _____________ thinner.6. (to sew) Her mother_____________ when she read the stories.7. (to cook) She _____________ lunch when I got home.8. (to ask) He _____ always_____________ questions.9. (to get) The water_____________ colder.10. (to sit) We _____________ in the park when it began to rain.11. (to make) She _____ always_____________ a lot of mistakes.12. (to have) He _____________ a music lesson when we went there.

Geçmişte Devamlı Hal (E) Soru sözcüklü sorularSoru sözcüklerinden sonra genellikle bir yardımcı fiil ile başlayan soru cümleleri bulunur.i.e What was she studying when I phoned her?

Whom were you waiting for when I saw you?

Parantez içinde verilen soru sözcüklerini cümle başında kullanarak soru cümleleri kurunuz.Örnek: I was talking with Mr Brown when you saw me there. (with whom)

With whom were you talking when I saw you there?1. Mr Brown was driving me home when the accident happened. (who)

____________________________________________________2. I was talking to Mary when you were resting in the room. (to whom)

____________________________________________________3. She was doing her homework when you left for the movies (what)

____________________________________________________4. I was living in London when the war began. (where)

____________________________________________________5. We were sitting in the park when it began to rain. (where)

____________________________________________________6. I was waiting for John when you met this morning. (for whom)

____________________________________________________7. She was studying history when the phone rang. (what subject)

____________________________________________________8. They were playing in the garden when it began to rain. (what)

____________________________________________________9. He was doing funny things when the teacher came in. (what)

____________________________________________________10. Jim was always coming to the meetings late. (who)

____________________________________________________

Geçmişte Devamlı Hal (F) SorularSoru cümlelerinde soru sözcükleri (veya içinde soru sözcüğü olan sözcük grupları) veya yardımcı fiiller cümle başında bulunur.i.e What were you doing when I came in?

To whom were you talking when I saw you in the club?Was her mother sewing when she read the stories?

Parantez içinde verilen sözcük gruplarını kullanarak sorulara geçmişte devamlı hal (past continuous) cümleleri ile cevap veriniz.Örnek: What was she doing when her mother came in? (she was doing her homework)

She was doing her homework when her mother came in.1. With whom were you talking when we saw you in the Club? (with a friend of mine)

____________________________________________________2. Was he driving fast when the accident happened? (Yes, he ....)

____________________________________________________3. What was he reading when I phoned him this morning? (a story book)

____________________________________________________4. For whom were you waiting there when I saw you.? (for John and Mary)

____________________________________________________5. Why were you going to the station when I met you? (to see off my father)

____________________________________________________6. Where you watching television when I rang the bell? (Yes, I.....)

____________________________________________________7. What language was she studying when I called her? (English)

____________________________________________________

Geçmişte Devamlı Hal (G) Kısa Cevaplari.e Were you studying when, I came? Yes, I was. No, I wasn't.

Was he resting when I phoned? Yes, he was. No, he wasn't.

Sorulara önce olumlu sonra olumsuz kısa cevap veriniz.Örnek: Where they singing when she entered the room?

Yes, they were. No they weren't.1. Were you having dinner when the light went out?

____________________________________________________2. Was it raining hard when you arrived at school ?

____________________________________________________3. Was she always talking ?

____________________________________________________4. Was she driving fast when the accident happened?

____________________________________________________5. Was your mother cooking when you got home?

____________________________________________________6. Was she studying when I called her on the phone?

____________________________________________________7. Was he reading the newspaper when I rang the bell?

____________________________________________________8. Were you going to the station when I met you?

____________________________________________________9. Was she studying English when you left home?

____________________________________________________10. Was he always telling you to do many things?

____________________________________________________11. Were you waiting for Mary when I saw you there?

____________________________________________________12. Was it snowing outside when you left the office?

____________________________________________________

Geçmişte Devamh Hal (H) Değil mi?"Olumlu cümle + olumsuz kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumlu kısa cevap verilmesi beklenir.i.e It was raining when you were there, wasn't it? Yes, it was.

"Olumsuz cümle + olumlu kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumsuz kısa cevap verilmesi beklenir.i.e He wasn't studying when I telephoned, was he? No, he wasn't.

Cümlelerin sonuha "olumsuz kısa soru" veya "olumlu kısa soru" ilave ediniz. Sonra kısa cevaplar veriniz.Örnek: They were sleeping when I got up, weren't they? Yes, they were.1. You were driving home when you saw the accident, ________? ________2. The sun was shining when you arrived at school, ________? ________3. It was snowing when you left, ________? ________4. She was having a lesson when we went there, ________? ________5. He was playing in the park when Mary left, ________? ________6. You were going to the movie when you met Tom, ________? ________7. She wasn't studying when I telephoned, ________? ________8. He was driving fast when the accident happened, ________? ________9. They weren't having dinner when you got there, ________? ________10. She wasn't doing her homework when you left, ________? ________11. We weren't laughing when she came in, ________? ________12. It wasn't raining when you played there, ________? ________

Bitmiş Zaman (Present Perfect) (A)Bitmiş zaman (present perfect) cümlelerinde to have yardımcı fiilinin şimdiki zaman şekilleri have, has ile fiillerin bitmiş zaman şekilleri (past participle) kullanılır.

to have + past participle = bitmiş zamani.e I have worked. Çalıştım.

He has played. O oynadı.

Düzenli fiillerin geçmiş zaman şekilleri (past) ile bitmiş zaman şekilleri (past participle) aynıdır.i.e work – worked - worked study – studied - studied

Boş olan yerlere parantez içindeki düzenli fiillerin bitmiş zaman şekillerini (past participle) koyunuz.Örnek: (to live) I have ________ in Istanbul for five years.

I have lived Istanbul for five years.1. (to study) We have ________English for two years.2. (to finish) The boys have ________their homework.3. (to visit) I have ________Paris many times.4. (to decide) We have ________to wait a little longer.5. (to cook) Lizzie has ________the dinner.6. (to laugh) People have ________at his plays.7. (to like) She has always ________studying English.8. (to want) I have often ________to see that.9. (to work) He has ________here since July.10. (to learn) I have ________to drive.11. (to use) I have ________it every day.

12. (to play) He has ________very well.13. (to correct) The teacher has ________my homework.

Bitmiş Zaman (Present Prefect) (B)Kural dışı fiillerin geçmiş zaman şekilleri (past) ve bitmiş zaman şekilleri (past participle) ek bölümünde alfabetik sıra ile gösterilmiştir.

to have + past participle = bitmiş zamani.e I have seen. Gördüm.

He has gone. O gitti.

Boş olan yerlere parantez içindeki düzensiz fiillerin bitmiş za¬man şekillerini (past participle) koyunuz.Örnek: (to see) I have ________that movie several times.

I have seen that movie several times.1. (to speak) He has ________to me about it over and over.2. (to fly) I have ________to Ankara many times.3. (to read) I have often ________that book.4. (to eat) We have ________in that restaurant many times.5. (to be) I have ________in Londan for a few months.6. (to go) They have ________to the zoo.7. (to find) He has ________his fountain pen.8. (to leave) The plane has just ________for Paris9. (to leave) He has ________his book in the library.10. (to take) She has often ________music lessons.11. (to hurt) He has ________himself.12. (to see) I have ________the President several times.13. (to drive) I have ________to Ankara many times.14. (to be) He has ________in the United States since 1960.15. (to do) They have already ________their homework.16. (to write) I have ________all the verbs in my notebook.

Bitmiş Zaman (C) Soru ve Olumsuz (1)Bitmiş zaman (present perfect) cümlelerini soru yapmak için cümlelerde kullanılan have veya has sözcüğü cümle başına alınır.i.e We have studied English.

Have we studied English?

Olumsuz yapmak için have veya has sözcüğünden sonra not ilave edilir.i.e She has learned to drive.

She has not learned to drive.

Cümleleri önce soru, sonra olumsuz yapınız.Örnek: He has lived in Istanbul for five years.

Has he lived in Istanbul for five years?He hasn't lived in Istanbul for five years.

1. The have studied English for two years.________________________________________

2. The boys have finished their homeworks.________________________________________

3. She has visited Paris many times.

________________________________________4. They have decided to wait a little longer.

________________________________________5. Lizzie has cooked the dinner for us.

________________________________________6. She has always liked studying English.

________________________________________7. He has played the piano very well.

________________________________________8. The teacher has corrected my homework.

________________________________________9. She has often explained it to us.

________________________________________10. He has asked me about it over and over again.

________________________________________11. They nave stayed in that hotel many times.

________________________________________

Bitmiş Zaman (D) Soru ve Olumsuz (2)Bitmiş zaman (present perfect) cümlelerini soru yapmak için cümlelerde kullanılan have veya has sözcüğü cümle başına alınır.i.e Have you seen that? Onu gördünüz mü?

Olumsuz yapmak için have veya has sözcüğünden sonra not ilave edilir.i.e I have not been there. Orada bulunmadım.

Cümleleri önce soru sonra olumsuz yapınız.Örnek: They have seen that film.

Have they seen that film?They haven't seen that film.

1. He has written all the verbs in his notebook.________________________________________

2. They have had lunch in the cafeteria.________________________________________

3. She has spoken to me about it.________________________________________

4. I have driven to Ankara many times.________________________________________

5. The plane has left for Ankara.________________________________________

6. She has taken music lessons.________________________________________

7. She has left her books in the library.________________________________________

8. I have seen the President several times.________________________________________

9. He has found his fountain pen.________________________________________

10. The boys have done their homeworks.________________________________________

11. I have been in Istanbul for a long time.________________________________________

12. He has gone to the zoo with his sister.________________________________________

13. He has flown to Ankara many times.________________________________________

14. They have eaten their lunch in that restaurant.________________________________________

Bitmiş Zaman (Present Perfect) (E)Bitmiş zaman (present perfect) kullanılış yerleri.

a) Zaman belirtilmeyen geçmişteki hareketlerde i.e I have read that book.

b) Geçmişte birçok defa tekrarlanan hareketlerdei.e I have stayed in that hotel many times.

c) Geçmişte başlayan ve şu ana kadar devam eden hareketlerdei.e I have studied English for six months.

Boş yerlerde gerekiyorsa bitmiş zaman (present perfect) aksi halde geçmiş zaman (simple past) kullanınız.Örnek: (to see) I_____________ Mr Brown yesterday.

I saw Mr Brown yesterday.1. (to travel) They_____________ all through Turkey last year.2. (to live) They _____________ here for three years.3. (to meet) I_____________ him last week.4. (to see) I_____________ that film several times.5. (to work) John_____________ there for about three weeks.6. (to he) He _____________ in London many times.7. (to try) We _____________ that restaurant yesterday.8. (to visit) We _____________ them last Sunday.9. (to walk) They_____________ through the park many times.10. (to look) I_____________ everywhere for my book.11. (to fly) He _____________ to Ankara yesterday.12. (to take) She _____________ English lessons.13. (to speak) He _____________ to me about it last Saturday.

Edatlar (Prepositions) (J)Edatlar, önünde bulundukları isimler ile cümledeki diğer sözcükler arasında olan bağlantıyı gösterir.i.e since the summer for a long time

yazdan beri uzun bir süre (için)

since the spring, the autumn, the winter, January, Monday, last year, my last letter, one o'clock, the new year, Christmas

for a long time, a short time, three minutes, two hours, five days, six weeks, four years, some time

Boş olan yerlere uygun olan edatları (Prepositions) koyunuz.Örnek: He has been here______ six o'clock.

He has been here since six o'clock.1. He has been here ______ three hours.2. I haven't seen you______ New Year.3. I haven't seen you______ three months.4. We have been here ______ February.5. We have been here ______ an hour and a half.6. They have lived in this town______ 19707. They have lived in this town______ five years.8. You haven't sent me any money______ last Saturday.9. You haven't sent me any money______ a week.10. It hasn't rained here ______ more than a month.11. It hasn't rained here______ November.12. We haven't heard from my brother______ Christmas.

Bitmiş Zaman (F) Kısa Cevaplari.e Have you seen that film? Yes, I have. No, I haven't.

O filmi gördünüz mü? Evet. Hayır.

Has she learned to drive? Yes, she has. No, she hasn't

Sorulara önce olumlu, sonra olumsuz kısa cevaplar veriniz.Örnek: Have you had a holiday this year? Yes, I have. No, I haven't.1. Have you been to the pictures this week? ________________________2. Have they lived in this street for a long time? _____________________3. Has she bought any new clothes? ________________________4. Has he gone to London? ________________________5. Has he been to Londan? ________________________6. Have you decided to go to the University? ______________________7. Has she visited Paris many times? ________________________8. Have they studied English for years? ________________________9. Has he played the piano very well? ________________________10. Have you already done your homework? ________________________11. Have you seen the President many times? ________________________12. Have they gone to the zoo? ________________________13. Have you met him before? ________________________14. Have you had a good time this weekend? ________________________15. Have you flown to Ankara many times? ________________________16. Have they lived here for the last two months? _____________________17. Have they waited here since eight o'clock? _____________________18. Has she seen her parents since Christmas? ________________________19. Have you written down all these questions? _____________________20. Have you done any homework for me today? _____________________

ever - neverGenellikle bitmiş zaman soru cümlelerinde ever bir zarf olarak özne ile fiilin bitmiş zaman şekli (past participle) arasında kullanılır.i.e Have you ever been here before?

Burada daha once hiç bulundunuz mu?

Bu çeşit sorulara olumsuz cevap verildiğinde never kullanılır.i.e No, I have never been here before.

Hayır, daha once burada hi? bulunmadim.

Sorulara never zarfını kullanarak olumsuz cevap veriniz.Örnek: Have you ever seen the President?

No, I have never seen the President.1. have you ever travelled through the country?

________________________________________________2. Have you ever visited London?

________________________________________________3. Have you ever done such a thing?

________________________________________________4. Have you ever played tennis?

________________________________________________5. Has she ever tried to do this?

________________________________________________6. Has he ever climbed the mountains?

________________________________________________7. Has she ever been to New York?

________________________________________________8. Has he ever studied a foreign language?

________________________________________________9. Have they ever lived abroad?

________________________________________________10. Have they ever gone fishing?

________________________________________________11. Have you ever met them?

________________________________________________12. Have you ever said such a thing?

________________________________________________13. Have you ever been to the United States?

________________________________________________

Bitmiş Zaman (G) Değil mi?"Olumlu cümle + olumsuz kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumlu kısa cevap verilmesi beklenir.i.e You have seen that film, haven't you ? Yes,I have.

"Olumsuz cümle + olumsuz kısa soru" birleşimlerine olumsuz kısa cevap verilmesi beklenir.i.e She hasn't been to London, has she? No, she hasn't.

Cümlelerin sonuna "olumsuz kısa soru" veya "olumlu kısa soru" ilave ediniz. Sonra kısa cevaplar veriniz.Örnek: You haven't bought any new dressses,________? ________

You haven't bought any new dresses, have you? No, I haven't.1. You have stayed in that hotel many times, ________? ________2. You haven't studied Spanish, ________? ________3. She hasn't been to Italy, ________? ________4. You haven't lost your fountain pen, ________? ________5. They have finished their homework, ________? ________6. She has been in the United States, ________? ________7. You have been to the mosques, ________? ________8. He hasn't sold his car, ________? ________9. You haven't flown to London many times, ________? ________10. You haven't read that book, ________? ________11. You have written all the verbs in it, ________? ________

Bitmiş Zaman (H) Olumsuz SoruBitmiş zaman olumsuz soru cümleleri to have yardımcı fiilinin şimdiki zaman olumsuz şekilleri haven't veya hasn't ile başlar.i.e Haven't they finished their homework?

Hasn't she told stories to the girls?

Cümleleri olumsuz soru yapınız.Örnek: He has been here several times.

Hasn't he been here several times?1. You haven't sent him any money since New Year.

________________________________________________2. They haven't been here since February.

________________________________________________3. The boys have played in the garden.

________________________________________________4. We haven't heard from my sister since last Sunday.

________________________________________________5. Lizzie has cooked the dinner for us.

________________________________________________6. They haven't done their homework.

________________________________________________7. He has flown to Ankara many times.

________________________________________________8. She has been to the museums several times.

________________________________________________9. He has gone to the zoo with his sister.

________________________________________________10. The plane has left for London.

________________________________________________11. She has spoken to me about it.

________________________________________________12. I have driven to Ankara many times.

________________________________________________13. It hasn't rained here for months.

________________________________________________14. We haven't stayed in that hotel.

________________________________________________15. He hasn't sold his car.

________________________________________________16. She hasn't been to the United States.

________________________________________________17. I haven't seen that film before.

________________________________________________18. They haven't lived here for the last two months.

________________________________________________

Bitmiş Zaman (I) Soru Sözcüğüyle sorularSoru sözcüklerinden (veya içinde soru sözcüğü bulunan birleşimlerden) sonra kullanılan "zaman" soru şeklindedir.i.e What have you done, Mary?

How long has she studied English?

Parantez içinde verilen soru sözcüklerini cümle başında kullanarak soru cümleleri kurunuz.Örnek: She has written her name on the board. (what)

What has she written on the board?1. I have studied English for about two years. (how long)

________________________________________________2. John has given his exercise book to Mary. (what)

________________________________________________3. I haven't seen my brother since Christmas. (since when)

________________________________________________4. I have put my books in my bag. (where)

________________________________________________5. They have been to the zoo. (where)

________________________________________________6. We have waited for John and Mary. (for whom)

________________________________________________7. I have bought an exercise book. (what)

________________________________________________8. We have learnt the tenses in this lesson (what)

________________________________________________9. The plane has just left for England. (where)

________________________________________________10. We have seen tigers and lions. (what animals)

________________________________________________11. John has almost finished his homework. (who)

________________________________________________12. I have left my books at home. (where)

________________________________________________13. Mr Brown has invited us to dinner. (who)

________________________________________________14. She has bought herself a new dress. (what)

________________________________________________15. Tom and Jim have been to the pictures this week. (who)

________________________________________________16. We have spent our holiday in Bodrum. (where)

________________________________________________17. He has been in the Army for one year. (how long)

________________________________________________

Bitmiş Zaman (J) SorularSoru cümlelerinde soru sözcükleri (veya içinde soru sözcüğü olan sözcük grupları) veya yardımcı fiiller cümle başıda bulunur.i.e What have you bought?

Whom have you waited for?Has she been to the zoo?

Parantez içindeki sözcük gruplarını kullanarak sorulara bitmiş zaman (present perfect) cümleleri ile cevap veriniz.Örnek: Who has just come into the room? (John)

John has just come into the room.1. How long have you studied English? (for two years)

________________________________________________2. Has she been ill for a long time? (Yes, ..... for months)

________________________________________________3. How often has he written home since he left? (once)

________________________________________________4. Whom have you waited for at the bus stop? (for John)

________________________________________________5. Where have you spent your holiday this year? (in Bursa)

________________________________________________6. Has she bought herself a new dress? (yes,.....)

________________________________________________7. Who has invited us to dinner? (Mr and Mrs Brown)

________________________________________________8. Have they invited us to dinner or to a party? (to dinner)

________________________________________________9. Have long has he been in the Navy? (for about ten years)

________________________________________________10. Have you waited long? (Yes,..... for hours)

________________________________________________11. What animals have you seen in the zoo? (lions and tigers)

________________________________________________12. Have you ever been to Paris? (Yes,..... several limes)

________________________________________________13. Where have you left your umbrella? (at school)

________________________________________________14. Why have you brought your camera? (to take photographes)

________________________________________________15. Who have you spoken to about it? (to Jim and Tom)

________________________________________________16. What has he give Mary as a present? (a bracelet)

________________________________________________

Sözcük Grupları (E)Cümlelerde hareketin yapıldığı (veya yapılacağı) zamanı bildiren bazı zarflar ve diğer sözcük grupları şunlardır.i.e today, yesterday, tomorrow

yesterday morning, afternoon, evening, nighttomorrow morning, afternoon, evening, nightthis morning, afternoon, evening, week, month, yearnext week, month, year, time, summer, Mondaylast week, month, year, time, winter, Sunday, timeon the first of January, second of February

(a long time ago) (three days ago) (half an hour ago)(some time ago) (two weeks ago) (a few minutes ago)(two years ago) (two months ago) (a moment ago)

Cümle sonlarında hareketin yapıldığı (veya yapılacağı) zamanı parantez içindeki sözcük grupları ile bildiriniz.Örnek: We saw John at the cinema - (dün gece)

We saw John at the cinema last night.1. John and Mary began to study English - (bu yıl)

________________________________________________2. I received a letter from my sister - (2 Şubatta)

________________________________________________3. We shall have a meeting - (yarın öğleden sonra)

________________________________________________4. Will you take a music lesson -? (gelecek hafta)

________________________________________________5. Did you have time to eat breakfast -? (dün sabah)

________________________________________________6. I met him on my way to school - (iki gün önce)

________________________________________________7. She was studying when you phoned her - (dün gece)

________________________________________________8. They went away on their vacation - (gecen hafta)

________________________________________________9. How do you think you will spend - (yarın akşam)

________________________________________________

Bağlaçlar (Conjunctions) (A)and I put on my hat and went out.or Are you coming or going?as This box is not so large as that one.than That one is larger than this one.(both ... and) It is both good and cheap.(either... or) It must be either good or bad.(neither... nor) It is neither wood nor stone.

(as... as) It is as high as a mountain.

I shall write a letter, when I come home.Bir mektup yazacagim. eve geldigim zaman.

I was writing a letter, when you telephoned.Bir mektup yazıyordum. telefon ettiçiniz zaman.

Boş olan yerlere uygun olan bağlaçları koyunuz.Örnek: He is either in London _______ in Paris.

He is either in London or in Paris.1. John was studying _______ I went to see him last night.2. Both John _______ James were there.3. This one is as long _______ the other one.4. It is neither blue _______ green.5. This book is not so interesting _______ that one.6. _______ we got there, John was reading the newspaper.7. We were driving to Ankara _______ the accident occurred.8. They were sitting in the park _______ it began to rain.9. This question is more difficult_______ the first one.10. The sun was shining _______ we arrived at the airport.

Bağlaçlar (Conjunctions) (B)Speak to him when he comes home.Do this whenever you are free.He will do it if he has time.I will do it now before I forget it.I shall stay here until (till) I see him.

While I was studyig, the telephone rang.As I was walking home, I met him.After he goes, we shall eat.Unless it rains, I shall go there tomorrow.

Türkçe karşılıklan parantez içinde verilen sözcük gruplarını yukarıdaki cümlelerde bularak cümleleri tamamalayınız.Örnek: Speak to him (eve geldigi zaman).

Speak to him when he comes home.1. I shall stay here (onu görünceye kadar).

__________________________________________2. (Eve yürürken) I met him.

__________________________________________3. Unless it rains (yarın oraya gideceğim)

__________________________________________4. (Ben çalışırken) the telephone rang.

__________________________________________5. (o gittikten sonra) we Shall eat.

__________________________________________6. Speak to him (o eve geldiği zaman).

__________________________________________

7. He will do it (vakit olursa).__________________________________________

8. Do this (ne zaman serbest olursan).__________________________________________

9. I will do it now (onu unutmadan önce)__________________________________________

10. (Onunla konuş) when he comes home.__________________________________________

11. (Yemek yiyeceğiz) after he goes.__________________________________________

12. While I was studying (telefon çaldı).__________________________________________

13. (Yağmur yağmazsa) I shall go there tomorrow.__________________________________________

Bağlaçlar (Conjunctions) (C) because I can't do it now because I'm too busy.

I'm sleepy because I went to bed late last night.as As you are tired, you must go to bed early.

We could not buy any food as we had no money.since Since we have no money, we cannot buy it.

I have been busy since I saw you last.so It was late, so I went home.

There was no one at home and so I went to the park.

Türkçe karşılıklan parantez içinde verilen sözcük gruplarını yukarıdaki cümlelerde bularak cümleleri tamamlayınız.Örnek: (yorgun olduğunuz için) you must go to bed early.

As you are tired, you must go to bed early.1. I'm sleepy (dün akşam yatmaya geç gittiğim için).

__________________________________________2. (Paramız olmadığı için) we cannot buy any food.

__________________________________________3. I have been busy (sizi son gördüğümden beri).

__________________________________________4. It was late (onun için eve gittim).

__________________________________________5. I can't do it now (çok fazla meşgul olduğum için).

__________________________________________6. We could not buy it (paramız olmadığı için).

__________________________________________7. Since we have no money (hiç yiyecek satın alamayız).

__________________________________________8. (Hiç yiyecek satın alamadık) as we had no money.

__________________________________________9. (Uykum var) because I went to bed late last night.

__________________________________________10. As you are tired (yatmağa erken gitmelisin).

__________________________________________11. (Çok meşgul bulundum) since I saw you last.

__________________________________________12. (Geç olmuştu) so I went home.

__________________________________________13. (Onu şimdi yapamam) because I'm too busy.

__________________________________________14. (Evde hiç kimse yoktu) and so I went to the park.

__________________________________________15. There was no one at home and (onun için parka gittim).

__________________________________________

Bağlaçlar (Conjunctions) (D)I know that it is true.I think that she is right.He hopes that he can do it.I am sure that he can do it.I feel certain that he will come.I am so glad that it is going to rain.I was sorry that the weather was so bad.He said that it was impossible.

Bağlantı sözcüğü that cümleden çıkarılabilir.i.e I know that it is true. (= I know it is true)

Yukanda verilen cümleler ile eş anlamdaki Türkçe cümleleri bulunuz. (That bağlaçlarını cümlelerden cıkarınız.)Örnek: Onun doğru olduğunu biliyorum.

I know it is true.1. O, onun olanak dışı olduğunu söyledi.

__________________________________________2. Havanın çok fena olduğuna üzüldüm.

__________________________________________3. Onu beğendiğine çok memnun oldum.

__________________________________________4. Korkanm ki yağmur yağacak.

__________________________________________5. Onun geleceğinden eminim.

__________________________________________6. Onun haklı olduğunu zannediyorum.

__________________________________________7. Onun doğru olduğunu biliyorum.

__________________________________________8. O gelebileceğini umuyor.

__________________________________________9. Onu, onun yapabileceğinden eminim.

__________________________________________

how longHow long does it take you ...? Ne kadar zamanınızı alır?How long did it take you...? Ne kadar zamanınızı aldı?

It takes me two hours... İki saatimi alır.It took me two hours... İki saatimi aldı.

How long does it take you to walk to school?It takes me fifteen minutes to walk to school.

How long did it take you to walk to school.It took me fifteen minutes to walk to school.

Sorulara parantez içindeki sözcük gruplarını kullanarak cevaplar veriniz.Örnek: How long did it take them to build the house? (two years)

It took them two years to build the house.1. How long does it take you to drive to the station? (ten minutes)

__________________________________________2. How long did it take you to do your homework? (to hours)

__________________________________________3. How long does it take her to write her composition? (thirty minutes)

__________________________________________4. How long did it take him to leam to speak English? (two years)

__________________________________________5. How long did it take you to finish your exercise? • (one hour)

__________________________________________6. How long does it take the cable to reach him? (a few hours)

__________________________________________

to be going toGelecek zaman (simple future) cümlelerinde (will + infinitive) veya (shall + infinitive) yerine to be going to birleşimini kullanmak olanağı vardır.i.e He will build a garage.

He is going to build a garage.

We shall study tonight.We are going to study tonight.

Yapılması düşünülen veya planlanan hareketler için to be going to kullanılır.

Boş olan yerlere to be going kullanınız.Örnek: Mary________to meet her friend at one o'clock.

Mary is going to meet her friend at one o'clock.

1. What foreign language ________you ________to study?2. I________to get up early tomorrow morning.3. What________you ________to do tomorrow afternoon?4. ________we ________to meet him in front of Mary's house?5. ________you ________to have lunch alone or with someone?6. Where ________you________to meet Robert?7. ________you ________to go to the cinema with us tonight?8. What time ________you ________to have dinner tonight?9. ________we ________to have dinner at that restaurant tonight?10. How________she ________to go home, by bus or by train?11. I________to visit my relatives on Sunday.12. ________John ________to attend the meeting tomorrow?

Yardımcı Fiiller (B) can (= to be able to), must (= have to)PresentHe can do it. (He is able to do it.)Past He could do it. (He was able to do it.)Future - (He will be able to do it.)

PresentHe must go. He has to go.Past - He had to go.Future - He will have to go.

Cümlelerde parantez içindeki yardımcı fiillerin belirtilen şekillerini kullanınız.Örnek: Our baby________to walk in a few weeks. (to be able to) Future. Our baby will be able to walk in a few weeks.1. On weekdays we ________get up early. (have to) Past.2. On Sunday we ________stay in bed till nine. (can) Past.3. When I was young I________climb any tree in the forest.(to be able to) Past.4. He ________use this machine in a week. (to be able to) Future.5. I________go to the hospital to see my friend. (have to) Present.6. John ________leave the class early this afternoon. (have to) Future.7. She ________take some medicines.(must) Present.

Yardımcı Fiiller(C)Infinitive Present Past Past Participleto be is, am, are was, were beento have have, has had hadto do do, does did done

shall shouldwill wouldcan couldmay mightmust -ought -need -

Boş olan yerlere parantez içindeki yardımcı fiillerin geçmiş zaman (past) şekillerini koyunuz.Örnek: (can) I________read when I was five.

I could read when I was five.1. (may) He said that he ________be late that night.2. (will) If you studied hard, you ________learn English.3. (can) ________he get another job?4. (shall) I hoped that I________succeed.5. (to do) ________you wake up early this morning?6. (to be) She ________resting when you called her.7. (to do) He ________not come to class yesterday.8. (can) You ________do it if you tried.9. (can) As a boy, I________climb any tree in the forest.10. (to have) He went out after he ________finished his work.

Geçmişte Bitmiş Zaman (Past Perfect) (A)Geçmişte bitmiş zaman (past perfect) cümlelerinde to have yardımcı fiilinin geçmiş zaman şekli had ile fiillerin bitmiş zaman şekilleri (past participle) kullanılır.

had + past participle = geçmişte bitmiş zamanI had worked. Çalışmıştım.He had gone. O gitmişti.

Geçmişte bitmiş zaman (past perfect) genellikle geçmiş zaman (simple past) halindeki bir hareketten daha önce yapılan bir hareketi bildirmek için kullanılır.i.e When I arrived at the station the train had left.

İstasyona vardığım zaman tren gitmişti.(Simple past) + (Past Perfect)

Boş olan yerlere parantez içinde verilen fiillerin bitmiş zaman şekillerini (past participle) koyunuz.Örnek: After they had ________I sat down and rested. (to go)

After they had gone, I sat down and rested.1. I posted the letter after I had ________it. (to write).2. I read the book after I had ________my work. (to finish).3. After you had ________, I went to sleep. (to go).4. She told me his name after he had ________. (to leave).5. He had ________nothing before he saw me. (to do).6. After I had ________the news, I hurried to see him. (to read)7. When we arrived, the dinner had already________. (to begin)

Geçmişte Bitmiş Zaman (Past Perfect) (B) Geçmişte bitmiş zaman (past perfect) genellikle geçmiş zaman (simple past) halindeki bir hareketten daha önce yapılan bir hareketi bildirmek için kullanılır.

had + past participle = geçmişte bitmiş zamanShe had gone. O gitmişti.

After she had gone, I sat down and rested.

Boş olan yerlerde geçmişte bitmiş zaman (past perfect) kullanınız.Örnek: (to wash) They dressed after they________________

They dressed after they had washed.1. She told me her name after I________________her twice. (to ask)2. He thanked me for what I________________ (to do)

3. When we arrived the meeting_____ already____________ (to begin)4. As soon as you ________________I went to bed. (to leave)5. She went out after she ________________her work. (to finish)6. He had done nothing before he ________________me. (to see)7. She told me his name after he ________________away. (to go)8. It rained yesterday after it________________dry for months. (to be)9. He told us he ____ not________________her before. (to meet)10. The sun________________up before I was ready to go. (to set)11. Why didn't you do that after I________________you to. (to tell)12. In England he soon remembered all he ________________ (to learn)13. By the time we arrived, they________________ (to leave)14. When we got there, the movie ______ already_____________ (to start)

Geçmişte Bitmiş Zaman (Past Prefect) (C)Geçmişte bitmiş zaman cümlelerinde kullanlan had sözcüğü cümle başına alınarak soru cümlesi, had sözcüğünden sonra not ilave edilerek olumsuz cümle yapılır.i.e They had worked. Had they worked? They hadn't worked.

Olumsuz soru hadn't ile başlar.i.e Hadn't they worked?

Geçmişte bitmiş zaman cümleleri genellikle geçmiş zaman (simple past) halindeki bir hareketten daha önce yapilan bir hareketi bildirmek için kullanılır.i.e She went out after she had finished her work.

Boş olan yerlere gerekiyorsa geçmişte bitmiş zaman (past per¬fect), aksi halde geçmiş zaman (simple past) kullanınız.Örnek: _______the movie already_______when you got there? (to start)

Had the movie already started when you got. there?1. _________they_________by the time you arrived? (to leave)2. She told me she _________not_________him before. (to see)3. _________he _________there many years when you met him? (to live)4. Had they left when you_________? (to arrive)5. He told us he _________not_________French. (to study)6. _______the teacher________the lesson when you arrived? (to begin)7. Had the meeting finished when you _________there? (to get)