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Trng i hc Bch khoa Thnh ph H Ch Minh

Khoa in-in t B mn iu khin T ng

----------

Bo co th nghim

IN T CNG SUT 1

Sinh vin : Lp : MSSV :

Thnh ph H Ch Minh, ngy 18 thng t 2006

Bo co th nghim in t cng sut 1 Trang 1-2

Bi 1: M PHNG B BIN I CNG SUT BN DN BNG PHN MM PSIM

I-MO PHONG BO CHNH LU TIA 3 PHA IEU KHIEN Cac tham so Ky hieu n v Gia tr Tr hieu dung ap day nguon Up V 380 Tan so ap nguon f Hz 50 ien tr tai R 2 Cam khang tai L mH 150 Sc ien ong E V 50 Goc ieu khien chnh lu o 45 Mach mo phong:

Hnh 1-1: S m phng

http://www.khvt.com


a.Gian o ap chnh lu va dong chnh lu:

Hnh 1-2: Gin dng chnh lu v p chnh lu

b.Gian o ap tren linh kien va dong qua linh kien:

Hnh 1-3: Gin dng trn linh kin v p trn linh kin

http://www.khvt.com


c.Gian o ap va dong pha nguon:

Hnh 1-4: Gin dng v p pha ngun

Nhn xt : Dng sng in p , dng in trn ti v linh kin ph hp vi l thuyt c hc , dng ti lin tc v kh phng. d.Gia tr phan tch Fourier cho ap chnh lu ud:Tr trung bnh ap chnh lu Ud {V} 180.64 Bien o hai bac 1 cua ap chnh lu U1m {V} 144 He so meo dang toan phan THD {%} 190.3 e.Gia tr phan tch Fourier cho dong pha tai: Tr trung bnh dong pha tai I1DC {A} 65.41 Bien o hai bac 1 dong pha tai I1m {A} 1.017 He so meo dang THD {%} 90.89 f.Tr trung bnh ap chnh lu khi thay oi goc ieu khien: Goc ieu khien o 0 30 45 60 90 Tr trung bnh ap chnh lu Ud {V} 256.59 221.65 180.64 127.32 52.28g.Tnh toan theo ly thuyet

cos263)( UUd =

U: tr hieu dung ap pha Goc ieu khien o 0 30 45 60 90 Tr trung bnh ap chnh lu Ud {V} 256.59 222.2 181.4 128.3 50

http://www.khvt.com


h.ac tuyen Ud=f()

050

100150200

250300

0 30 45 60 90

Hnh 1-5: c tuyn Ud=f()

Nhn xt : Vi cch tnh tan bng cng thc v m phng bng Psim th in p ti

gn nh bng nhau. Sai lch nh gia hai cch tnh l do Psim l tng ha cc thng s cho linh kin trong mch m phng ging nh l thuyt..

T o th suy ra gia tr e tr trung bnh ap tai bang 100V 65 o II- BO CHNH LU CAU 1 PHA IEU KHIEN HOAN TOAN: Cac tham so Ky hieu n v Gia tr Tr hieu dung ap day nguon Up V 380 Tan so ap nguon f Hz 50 ien tr tai R 1 Cam khang tai L mH 50 Sc ien ong E V 50 Goc ieu khien chnh lu o 60 Mach mo phong:

Hnh 1-6: Mch chnh lu cu iu khin pha ton phn

http://www.khvt.com


a.Gian o ap chnh lu ud va dong chnh lu id

Hnh 1-7: Gin p chnh lu v dng chnh lu trn ti

b.Gian o ap tren linh kien uv1 va dong tren linh kien iv1

Hnh 1-8: Gin dng v p trn linh kin

c.Gian o ap va dong pha nguon

Hnh 1-9: Gin dng pha ngun

d.Ga tr phan tch Fourier cho ap chnh luTr trung bnh ap chnh lu Ud {V} 171 Bien o hai bac 1 cua ap chnh lu U1m {V} 0

http://www.khvt.com


He so meo dang toan phan THD {%} 5 III- BO CHNH LU CAU 3 PHA IEU KHIEN HOAN TOAN: Cac tham so Ky hieu n v Gia tr Tr hieu dung ap day nguon Up V 380 Tan so ap nguon f Hz 50 ien tr tai R 1 Cam khang tai L mH 50 Sc ien ong E V 50 Goc ieu khien chnh lu o 120 Mach mo phong:

Hnh 1-10: Mch chnh lu cu 3 pha iu khin hon ton

a.Gian o ap chnh lu ud va dong chnh lu id

Hnh 1-11: Gin p v dng chnh lu trn ti

http://www.khvt.com


b.Gian o ap tren linh kien uv1 va dong tren linh kien iv1

Hnh 1-12: Gin dng v p trn linh kin

c.Gian o ap va dong pha nguon

Hnh 1-13: Gin dng v p pha ngun

d.Gia tr phan tch Fourier cho ap chnh lu: Tr trung bnh ap chnh lu Ud {V} 256 Bien o hai bac 1 cua ap chnh lu U1m {V} 1.21 He so meo dang toan phan THD {%} 29.68

http://www.khvt.com


Bi 2: MCH KCH THYSISTOR

Hnh 2-1: S mch kch SCR

I.Kt qu th nghim: 1. Dng sng ti v tr 1:

Hnh 2-2: Dng p sau khi qua bin p

2. Dng sng ti v tr2:

http://www.khvt.com


Hnh 2-3: Dng sng sau khi qua b so snh

3. Dng sng ti v tr3

Hnh 2-4: Dng sng ti chn Emitor ca Transistor (S3)

4. Dng sng ti v tr4

Hnh 2-5: Dng sng sau khi qua b o (S4)

5. Dng sng ti v tr5

http://www.khvt.com


Hnh 2-6: Dng sng sau khi qua b so snh 2

6. Dng sng ti v tr6

Hnh 2-7: Dng sng ca IC 555

7.Dng sng ti v tr7

Hnh 2-8: Dng sng sau khi qua cng logic AND (trc khi kch TST)

8.Dng sng ca xung lng

http://www.khvt.com


Hnh 2-9: Dng p ca xung lng

9.Thay i gc kch

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II.Nhn xt: a. Sng ra th 2 v 5 khng i xng hon ton do 2 ngun Vcc v Vcc ca opamp

khng ging nhau hoc do c tnh ca Opamp. b. Sng ra tam gic th 3 v 4 khng thng hon ton v c tnh np ca t in. c. Ng ra ca 555 l 4V do c tnh ca 555 v ngun cp cho n. d. Duty cycle ca 555 khong 0.7~0.8 (70%-80%)

Bi 3: TH NGHIM B CHNH LU BA PHA IU KHIN HON TON

I . S o mach :

Hnh 3-1: S th nghim mch 3 pha iu khin hon ton

II . Bo chnh lu cau ba pha ieu khien hoan toan tai R : 1 . Gian o ap va dong tai :

http://www.khvt.com


Hnh 3-2: Gin dng v p trn ti

Nhan xet : + Ap tai va dong tai co dang 6 xung ung nh ly thuyet + Dong tai co the lien tuc hay gian oan tuy theo goc alpha ( 600) 2 . Gian o ap va dong tren linh kien S1 :

Hnh 3-3: Gin p v dng trn linh kin

Nhan xet : +Quan sat c ap tren linh kien ta se de dang bit c goc kch alpha t he thc

2*TTk= trong o Tk la thi gian xuat hien ap khoa dng tren linh kien , T la chu ky

li nh a ve hnh tren.

http://www.khvt.com


+ Moi linh kien dan ien trong 1/3 chu ky nen dong qua linh kien co the suy t dong tai bang cach lay 1/3 dong qua tai nh o th tren. 3 . Gin o dong nguon :

Hnh 3-4: Gin dng trn 1 pha ngun

Nhan xet: + dong qua nguon la tong hp cua dong qua linh kien V1 va V4 : id = i1 i4 Tren hnh ta thay phan dong dng la cua i1 , phan dong am la do thanh phan i4 ma ra + khi V1 dan th V4 khong dan va ngc lai. 4 . Xay dng ac tuyen ieu khien : Ud= f ( ) Alpha (o) 30 45 60 90 Ud (V) 95 81 55 10 Id (A) 2.65 2.16 1.5 0.4

http://www.khvt.com


10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 900

20

40

60

80

100

120

alpha ( do)

Ud

dac tuyen dieu khien Ud=f(alpha)

Hnh 3-5: c tuyn iu khin

Nhan xet : + ap trung bnh qua tai nh ta thay , o la mot ham ty le nghch vi goc alpha hay noi ung hn o la quan he ham cos ma ta ch quan sat trong oan ngan s thay oi cua goc

alpha , ta co cos63 UUd = , khi alpha tien ve 900 ap trung bnh tien ve 0 va bang 0

khi =900 , ay ac tuyen cho thay ap tai cha bang 0 v ly do dong tai khong lien tuc khi ln nen khong the dung cong thc tren cho goc ln 5 . Xay dng ac tuyen tai : Ud = f ( Id)

http://www.khvt.com


0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 30

20

40

60

80

100

120

Id

Ud

dac tuyen tai Ud=f(Id)

Hnh 3-6: c tuyn ti

Nhan xet : + ap tai va dong tai t le thuan nhau khi thay oi t 0 900 + oi vi tai R mach ch co the hoat ong phan t th nhat tc che o chnh lu III . Tai RL : 1 . Gin o ap va dong tai :

Hnh 3-7: Gin dng v p ti

Nhan xet:

+ tai RL lam cho dong lien tuc va ap tai luon c tnh theo cong thc: cos63 UUd = ,

nh vay ap trung bnh co the nhan gia tr am la bnh thng. 2 . Gian o ap va dong tren linh kien S1 :

http://www.khvt.com


Hnh 3-8: Gin dng v p trn linh kin S1

3 . Gian o dong nguon :

Hnh 3-9: Gin dng ngun

4 . Xay dng ac tuyen ieu khien : Alpha ( o ) 30 45 60 90 Ud (V) 90 73 53 4.5 Id(A) 2.1 1.7 1.25 0.1

http://www.khvt.com


Hnh 3-10: c tuyn iu khin

Nhan xet : +Dong tai lien tuc nen ap tai lien he vi alpha theo bieu thc tren , tuy nhien ap cha ve 0 900 co le do sai so o ac , tuy nhien co the so sanh vi trng hp tai R ta thay ap tai 900 trong trng hp nay nho hn nhieu 5 . ac tuyen tai :

Hnh 3-11: c tuyn ti

http://www.khvt.com


Bi 4: B BIN I IN P XOAY CHIU 3 PHA S b bin i in p xoay chiu 3 pha dng y :

Hnh 4-1: S b bin i p 3 pha dng y

+Ti 3 pha i xng: R=25. 1. Gc kch = 300:

Dng sng in p ti v dng in ti trn pha A:

Hnh 4-2: Dng sng in p v dng in ti trn pha A (ti R)

Nhn xt: Do ti thun tr nn dng ca in p ti v dng in ti l hon ton ging nhau. T in p ti quan st c trn Oscilloscope ta c th suy ra dng in ti bng cng thc:

UIR

= .

Hnh 4-3:Dng sng in p ti pha A v pha C quan st ng thi

http://www.khvt.com


Hnh 4-4: Dng sng in p v dng in trn thysistor 1

2. Gc kch = 750:

Hnh 4-5: Dng sng in p ti v dng in ti trn pha A

Hnh 4-6: Dng sng in p ti pha A v pha C quan st ng thi

http://www.khvt.com


Hnh 4-7: Dng sng in p v dng in trn thysistor 1

3. Xy dng c tuyn iu khin: 20 30 45 60 75 90 UZA (V) 42.0 40.5 38.0 33.0 13.6 0.6 IZA (A) 1.68 1.62 1.52 1.32 0.544 0.024 c tuyn iu khin:

Hnh 4-8: c tuyn iu khin dng p

Hnh 4-9: c tuyn iu khin dng dng

http://www.khvt.com


Bi 5: TH NGHIM B BIN I P MT CHIU

5.a. Phng n thc hin: Tn s ng ngt(Hz) T s z p ngun (V)

400 0.4 40

5.b. Trnh t th nghim:

5.c. B bin i in p o dng1: S mch th nghim:

Hnh 5-1: S b bin i p mt chiu o dng

1 Bn th nghim h cun dy, ch s dng mch c ti tr R

http://www.khvt.com


Hnh 5-2: Gin xung kch ng ngt cc kha vi z=0.4

http://www.khvt.com


Hnh 5-3: Gin dng v p ti vi z=0.4, Us=40V, R=42

Hnh 5-4: Gin dng v p trn linh kin th 1 (V5)

Cng thc tnh p trung bnh: Uz=zUs

http://www.khvt.com


5.d. B bin i in p mt chiu tng qut:

Hnh 5-5: S mch th nghim b bin i p mt chiu tng qut

Hnh 5-6: Gin xung kch mch bin i p mt chiu tng qut vi z=0.4

http://www.khvt.com


Hnh 5-7: Gin dng v p qua linh kin S1

Hnh 5-8: Gin dng v p qua ti R vi R=42

Gi tr z v tr trung bnh in p: z 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 UzDC -22.5 -9 9 23 39 IzDC -0.5 -0.25 0.25 0.5 0.85 Uz* -24 -8 8 24 40 Cng thc tnh: Uz=(2z-1)Us

http://www.khvt.com


5.e. Cng thc n tp: Cng thc tnh tr trung bnh p ti v dng ti:

o B gim p: Uz=zU vi z=T1/T IZ=(UZ - E) / R vi tai RLE ch dng lin tc.

o B tng p: Uz = (1-z)U vi Z = T1 / T IZ=(UZ - E) / R vi tai RLE

o Dng tng qut: Uz = (2z -1)*U IZ=(UZ - E) / R vi ti RLE dng lin tc

http://www.khvt.com


Bi 6: TH NGHIM B BIN TN NGUN P I/ Bo bien tan mot pha :

Hnh 6-1: S th nghim b bin tn 1 pha

Dang song kch :

Hnh 6-2: Dng sng kch cho cc ng ngt bn dn

Dang song ien ap tai va dong qua tai uz, iz

Hnh 6-3: Dng sng in p ti

Hnh 6-4: Dng sng dng ti

http://www.khvt.com


Dang song ien ap va dong qua linh kien S1 : u(S1), i(S1)

Hnh 6-5: Dng sng dng v p trn linh kin S1

Ud [V] 5 10 25 40 50 Uz [V] 3.6 9.7 27.4 42.7 56

ac tuyen ieu khien Uz = f(Ud) ti f=140Hz

0102030405060

0 20 40

Ud

Uz

60


Uz = 45V => Ud = 44.8V II/ Bobien tan ba pha : Dang song kch :

http://www.khvt.com


Hnh 6-7: Dng xung kch cho cc ng ngt bn dn ca b bin tn 3 pha

Dang song ien ap tai va dong qua tai uA,iA ; uB,iB ; uB C,iC :

Hnh 6-8: Dng sng in p v dng trn ti

Hnh 6-9: Dng sng in p v dng trn ti (tt)

http://www.khvt.com


Dang song ien ap va dong qua linh kien S1 : u(S1), i(S1)

Hnh 6-10: Dng sng in p v dng trn linh kin (S1)

Ud [V] 5 10 25 40 50 Uz [V] 1.55 4.26 11.5 20.15 24.65

ac tuyen ieu khien Uz = f(Ud)

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Ud

Uz


Uz = 45V => Ud = 95.12V

http://www.khvt.com

Bi 1: M PHNG B BIN I CNG SUT BN DN BNG PHN MM PSIM Bi 2: MCH KCH THYSISTOR Bi 3: TH NGHIM B CHNH LU BA PHA IU KHIN HON TON Bi 4: B BIN I IN P XOAY CHIU 3 PHA Bi 5: TH NGHIM B BIN I P MT CHIU 5.a. Phng n thc hin: 5.b. Trnh t th nghim: 5.c. B bin i in p o dng : 5.d. B bin i in p mt chiu tng qut: 5.e. Cng thc n tp: Bi 6: TH NGHIM B BIN TN NGUN P

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