Where’s the water???Where’s the water???(brainstorm)(brainstorm)

Did you know that over Did you know that over 70% 70% of of the earth is covered by water?the earth is covered by water?

Water Supply and Distribution

InterestingInteresting

What do you What do you notice about notice about the lakes of the lakes of Georgia?Georgia?

Why is water so important?Why is water so important? energy from rivers energy from rivers

(hydroelectric)(hydroelectric) transportationtransportation irrigation irrigation weathering, erosion weathering, erosion

and deposition and deposition (shapes our land)(shapes our land)

DRINKING---we can’t DRINKING---we can’t live without it (our live without it (our bodies are mostly bodies are mostly water—65%).water—65%).

Water HWater H22O on EarthO on Earth Almost all the Almost all the

water on Earth is water on Earth is salty/ocean water salty/ocean water (97%).(97%). Oceans Oceans have a have a salinitysalinity of of about 3-4%.about 3-4%.

Of the three Of the three percent that is percent that is fresh water, 76% is fresh water, 76% is frozenfrozen and 23% is and 23% is undergroundunderground..

Icebergs and GlaciersIcebergs and Glaciers

(river of flowing ice)

Where is most of the water Where is most of the water in the world found?in the world found?

A. UndergroundA. Underground B. In the oceansB. In the oceans C. In the air (clouds and water C. In the air (clouds and water

vapor)vapor) D. Frozen (ice)D. Frozen (ice)

In what form is the majority In what form is the majority of the world’s FRESH water?of the world’s FRESH water? A. In the air as a gas (water vapor)A. In the air as a gas (water vapor) B. In the air as a liquid (clouds and B. In the air as a liquid (clouds and

precipitation)precipitation) C. As a liquid on the Earth’s surface C. As a liquid on the Earth’s surface

(ponds, streams, etc)(ponds, streams, etc) D. Frozen (solid ice—glaciers, etc.)D. Frozen (solid ice—glaciers, etc.)

From From largest to smallestlargest to smallest, , the amounts of water on the amounts of water on

Earth areEarth are A. liquid fresh water, solid fresh A. liquid fresh water, solid fresh

water, salt water.water, salt water. B. salt water, solid fresh water, liquid B. salt water, solid fresh water, liquid

fresh water.fresh water. C. salt water, liquid surface fresh C. salt water, liquid surface fresh

water, solid freshwater, groundwater.water, solid freshwater, groundwater. D. groundwater, salt water, solid D. groundwater, salt water, solid

fresh water.fresh water.

The Water CycleThe Water CycleChapter 11-1Chapter 11-1

The Water CycleThe Water Cycle

3 phases/states of matter3 phases/states of matter

The Water CycleThe Water Cycle

the the continuouscontinuous movement of water movement of water through Earth’s through Earth’s atmosphere and atmosphere and groundground

The water cycle is The water cycle is driven (powered) driven (powered) by the by the sunsun..

Where’s the:1.Runoff2.Lake3.Groundwater4.River5.Ocean6.Plants7.Clouds8.Hill/Mountain9.Water vapor

Evaporation (liquid to gas)Evaporation (liquid to gas) process when the process when the

sun heats up the sun heats up the liquidliquid water in water in rivers, lakes, and rivers, lakes, and oceans and turns it oceans and turns it into water vapor into water vapor (gas), which goes (gas), which goes into the atmosphereinto the atmosphere

Rain is always fresh Rain is always fresh water!water!

Condensation (gas to liquid)Condensation (gas to liquid) Water vapor cools and Water vapor cools and

changes to changes to liquid waterliquid water as it rises in the air. as it rises in the air.

Makes Makes clouds clouds Lab later: As the vapor Lab later: As the vapor

cools and reaches the cools and reaches the dew point, the water dew point, the water vapor will condense vapor will condense around around dust particlesdust particles and form clouds.and form clouds.

PrecipitationPrecipitation Liquid or solid Liquid or solid

water falls to the water falls to the ground from a ground from a cloud. Four types: cloud. Four types: rain, snow, sleet, rain, snow, sleet, or hailor hail..

FYI: Most water FYI: Most water molecules only molecules only spend about ten spend about ten days in the air days in the air before falling back before falling back as precipitation.as precipitation.

Surface Surface RunoffRunoff Much of the Much of the

precipitation runs precipitation runs off the surface and off the surface and flows downhill into flows downhill into streams. Then it streams. Then it flow into larger flow into larger streams, then streams, then rivers, and rivers, and eventually flow eventually flow back into the back into the ocean. ocean.

InfiltrationInfiltration InfiltrationInfiltration is an is an

important process important process where rain water where rain water soaks into the soaks into the groundground

also called also called percolationpercolation

GroundwaterGroundwater Some of the water remains underground and is Some of the water remains underground and is

called called groundwatergroundwater.  As the water infiltrates .  As the water infiltrates through the soil and rock layers, the water is through the soil and rock layers, the water is filtered (cleaned).filtered (cleaned).

TranspirationTranspiration Plants absorb water from Plants absorb water from

the soil, which moves the soil, which moves from the roots through from the roots through the stems to the leaves.the stems to the leaves.

After After photosynthesisphotosynthesis, , excess water vapor excess water vapor leaves the leaf (from the leaves the leaf (from the underside of the leaves) underside of the leaves) through through transpiration.transpiration.

Animals perspire, Animals perspire, Plants transpirePlants transpire

Where would you find:

1.Evaporation2.Transpiration3.Runoff4.Precipitation5.Condensation

Earth’s Water SupplyEarth’s Water Supply

The total amount of The total amount of water on the Earth has water on the Earth has not changed not changed much much since early in its since early in its history.history.

The same water is The same water is cycled over and over.cycled over and over.

The water you drink at The water you drink at lunch was probably lunch was probably drunk by a dinosaur drunk by a dinosaur millions of years ago!millions of years ago!

AC: WatershedAC: Watershed(or drainage basin)(or drainage basin)

The area of land that is drained by a river The area of land that is drained by a river systemsystem

Largest is the Mississippi River watershedLargest is the Mississippi River watershed

Which 1 word does not Which 1 word does not belong?belong?

(what is the main idea?)(what is the main idea?) A. VaporA. Vapor B. LiquidB. Liquid C. SolidC. Solid D. MeltingD. Melting E. PhaseE. Phase

Which 1 word does not Which 1 word does not belong?belong?

(what is the main idea?)(what is the main idea?) A. LiquidA. Liquid B. SolidB. Solid C. CondensationC. Condensation D. VaporD. Vapor E. CloudE. Cloud F. CoolingF. Cooling

Which 1 word does not Which 1 word does not belong?belong?

(what is the main idea?)(what is the main idea?) A. EvaporationA. Evaporation B. SolidB. Solid C. LiquidC. Liquid D. VaporD. Vapor E. HeatingE. Heating F. SunF. Sun

What powers the water What powers the water cycle?cycle?

A. Georgia Power CompanyA. Georgia Power Company B. LoveB. Love C. GravityC. Gravity D. The sunD. The sun

At which point in the diagram is precipitation most likely taking place?

A Point A

B Point B

C Point C

D Point D

The cooling of water vapor The cooling of water vapor leads FIRST toleads FIRST to

A. cloud formation.A. cloud formation. B. evaporation.B. evaporation. C. formation of groundwater.C. formation of groundwater. D. precipitation.D. precipitation.

Precipitation can be in the form ofPrecipitation can be in the form of

A. only a liquid.A. only a liquid. B. only a solid.B. only a solid. C. only a gas.C. only a gas. D. a solid or a liquid.D. a solid or a liquid.

Which is closest to the Which is closest to the process of evaporation?process of evaporation?

A. BoilingA. Boiling B. FreezingB. Freezing C. CondensingC. Condensing D. MeltingD. Melting

_____________ is the process by _____________ is the process by which water moves through the which water moves through the atmosphere and back to Earth’s atmosphere and back to Earth’s

surface.surface. A. Rock cycleA. Rock cycle B. Hydrologic CycleB. Hydrologic Cycle C. Water CycleC. Water Cycle D. B and C are correctD. B and C are correct E. A and C are correctE. A and C are correct

In the water cycle, the sun’s energy causes

A. evaporation.

B. condensation.

C. precipitation.

D. percolation.

Water VAPOR is aWater VAPOR is a

A. solid.A. solid. B. liquid.B. liquid. C. gas.C. gas. D. form of energy.D. form of energy.