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WHO news February 2019 2019 1 31 Executive Board designates 2020 as the “Year of the Nurse and Midwife” The Executive Board, today, designated the year 2020 as the “Year of the Nurse and midwife”, in honor of the 200 th birth anniversary of Florence Nightingale. This proposal will now be presented to Member States of the 72nd World Health Assembly for consideration and endorsement. The year 2020 is significant for WHO in the context of nursing and midwifery strengthening for Universal Health Coverage. WHO is leading the development of the first-ever State of the World’s Nursing report which will be launched in 2020, prior to the 73 rd World Health Assembly. The report will describe the nursing workforce in WHO Member States, providing an assessment of “fitness for purpose” relative to GPW13 targets. WHO is also a partner on The State of the World’s Midwifery 2020 report, which will also be launched around the same time. The Nursing Now! Campaign, a three-year effort (2018-2020) to improve health globally by raising the status of nursing will culminate in 2020 by supporting country-level dissemination and policy dialogue around the State of the World’s Nursing report. 2020 年を「看護師と助産師の年」に指定へ WHO 執行理事会は、ナイチンゲール生誕 200 年を記念し、2020 年を「看護師と助 産師の年」とする提案を、5 月の第 72 回世界保健総会へ提出することにしました。 UHC 達成に向けての看護師と助産師の役割は大きく、2018 年から Nursing Now!キ ャンペーンを実施しており、2020 年には世界看護師報告書の発行を予定していま す。 2019 2 8 WHO Guidelines for the pharmacological and radiotherapeutic management of cancer pain in adults and adolescents

WHO news February 2019...Cancers are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, responsible for 18.1 million new cases and 9.6 million deaths in 2018. Pain is experienced

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Page 1: WHO news February 2019...Cancers are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, responsible for 18.1 million new cases and 9.6 million deaths in 2018. Pain is experienced

WHO news February 2019

2019年 1月 31日

Executive Board designates 2020 as the “Year of the Nurse

and Midwife” The Executive Board, today, designated the year 2020 as the “Year of the Nurse and

midwife”, in honor of the 200th birth anniversary of Florence Nightingale. This proposal will

now be presented to Member States of the 72nd World Health Assembly for consideration

and endorsement.

The year 2020 is significant for WHO in the context of nursing and midwifery strengthening

for Universal Health Coverage. WHO is leading the development of the first-ever State of the

World’s Nursing report which will be launched in 2020, prior to the 73rd World Health

Assembly. The report will describe the nursing workforce in WHO Member States,

providing an assessment of “fitness for purpose” relative to GPW13 targets. WHO is also a

partner on The State of the World’s Midwifery 2020 report, which will also be launched

around the same time. The Nursing Now! Campaign, a three-year effort (2018-2020) to

improve health globally by raising the status of nursing will culminate in 2020 by

supporting country-level dissemination and policy dialogue around the State of the World’s

Nursing report.

2020 年を「看護師と助産師の年」に指定へ

WHO 執行理事会は、ナイチンゲール生誕 200 年を記念し、2020 年を「看護師と助

産師の年」とする提案を、5 月の第 72 回世界保健総会へ提出することにしました。

UHC 達成に向けての看護師と助産師の役割は大きく、2018 年から Nursing Now!キ

ャンペーンを実施しており、2020 年には世界看護師報告書の発行を予定していま

す。

2019年 2月 8日

WHO Guidelines for the pharmacological and

radiotherapeutic management of cancer pain in adults

and adolescents

Page 2: WHO news February 2019...Cancers are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, responsible for 18.1 million new cases and 9.6 million deaths in 2018. Pain is experienced

Cancers are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, responsible

for 18.1 million new cases and 9.6 million deaths in 2018. Pain is experienced by 55% of

patients undergoing anti-cancer treatment and by 66% of patients who have advanced,

metastatic, or terminal disease. This can be relieved in most cases through medicines and

other treatments.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has developed Guidelines for the pharmacologic

and radiotherapeutic management of cancer pain in adults and adolescents to provide

evidence-based guidance to initiating and managing cancer pain.

WHO、がん性疼痛に関する新しいガイダンスを発表

がんは疾病と死亡の大きな割合を占めています。2018 年には 1,810 万人のがん患者

が新規に発症し、960 万人が死亡しました。治療を受けている患者の 55%、進行及び

末期がん患者の 66%が疼痛を経験しており、疼痛管理はがん治療の重要な領域となっ

ています。

WHO のガイドラインには以下のことが含まれています。

・ 鎮痛薬の選択

・ 補助薬の使用

・ 骨転移からの痛みを治療するための特定技術

2019年 2月 8日

Cervical cancer

It is preventable. It is treatable. It is time to eliminate it.

WHO is working to eliminate cervical cancer as a global public health problem.

WHO、子宮頸がんの撲滅を呼びかけ

「いまや子宮頸がんを撲滅するとき‐行動を起こさなければ 2040 年までに死亡者は

50% 増加するだろう」

WHO は世界的な公衆衛生問題として子宮頸がんの撲滅に取組んでいます。子宮頸がん

は予防可能、治療可能でそれを撲滅する時がきました。毎年 30 万人を超える女性が子

宮頸がんで死亡しており、女性の健康にとって最大の脅威のひとつです。WHO は、子

宮頸がんの撲滅に向けて予防接種やスクリーニング等の緊急の行動の必要性を呼びか

けています。

Page 3: WHO news February 2019...Cancers are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, responsible for 18.1 million new cases and 9.6 million deaths in 2018. Pain is experienced

2019年 2月 14日

New WHO-ITU standard aims to prevent hearing loss

among 1.1 billion young people

Nearly 50% of people aged 12-35 years – or 1.1 billion young people – are at risk of

hearing loss due to prolonged and excessive exposure to loud sounds, including music

they listen to through personal audio devices. Ahead of World Hearing Day (3 March), the

World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Telecommunication Union (ITU)

have issued a new international standard for the manufacture and use of these devices,

which include smartphones and audio players, to make them safer for listening.

WHO と ITU(国際電気通信連合)、若者の聴力障碍を予防するための国際規格

発行

12~35 歳の人々の 50%近く、すなわち 11 億人の若者が、パーソナルオーディオ機器

を通じた大音量の音楽を長時間聴くことによる聴覚障碍のリスクに曝されています。

国際耳の日 (3 月 3 日)に先立ち、WHO と ITU (国際電気通信連合) は聴覚障碍予防の

ため、スマートフォンなどを含む機器の製造と使用に関する新しい国際規格を発行しま

した。

2019年 2月 14日

International push to improve food safety

International Food Safety Conference opens with call for greater global

cooperation

Greater international cooperation is needed to prevent unsafe food from causing ill health

and hampering progress towards sustainable development, world leaders said at today’s

opening session of the First International Food Safety Conference, in Addis Ababa,

organized by the African Union (AU), the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United

Nations (FAO), the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Trade Organization

(WTO).

Page 4: WHO news February 2019...Cancers are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, responsible for 18.1 million new cases and 9.6 million deaths in 2018. Pain is experienced

食品安全の改善に向けた国際的取組みを (第 1 回国際食品安全会議)

AU (アフリカ連合) の主催による第 1 回国際食品安全会議がアジスアベバで開催され

ました。約 130 か国の代表と、WHO、FAO (国連食料農業機関)、WTO (世界貿易機

関)などが参加し、持続的開発に向けた食品安全の改善について今まで以上の国際協力

が必要であるとの議論が行われました。

2019年 2月 20日

New WHO Asia-Pacific centre for environment and

health to open in Seoul

A new World Health Organization (WHO) Asia-Pacific Centre for Environment and Health in

the Western Pacific Region will open this year in Seoul, Republic of Korea. The agreement

to open the Centre was signed today by WHO Regional Director for the Western Pacific

Shin Young-soo, Minister of Environment of the Republic of Korea Cho Myung-rae and

Mayor of Seoul Park Won-soon. The Centre will foster healthier and safer environments

and strengthen community resilience to climate and environmental change in the WHO

Western Pacific Region.

ソウルに「環境と健康」に関する新規のアジア太平洋センターを開設へ

西太平洋地域での環境と健康に関する取組みを強化するため、1 月 15 日に WHO 西太

平洋事務局長、韓国環境大臣、ソウル市長の三者が調印し、センターの設立に合意し

ました。

センターでは SDGs に沿って以下の 3 領域を強化するとしています。

1 ) 越境大気汚染とエネルギー及び健康影響について

2 ) 島嶼国など、気候変動に脆弱な国々におけるしっかりとした健康システム構築

3 ) 安全な水と衛生について

2019年 2月 20日

World Health Day

7 April 2019

Page 5: WHO news February 2019...Cancers are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, responsible for 18.1 million new cases and 9.6 million deaths in 2018. Pain is experienced

Universal health coverage is WHO’s number one goal. Key to achieving it is ensuring that

everyone can obtain the care they need, when they need it, right in the heart of the

community.

Progress is being made in countries in all regions of the world.

But millions of people still have no access at all to health care. Millions more are forced to

choose between health care and other daily expenses such as food, clothing and even a

home.

This is why WHO is focusing on universal health coverage for this year’s World Health Day,

on 7 April.

世界保健デー (4 月 7 日) のテーマは、ユニバーサル・ヘルス・カバレッジ

今年の世界保健デーのテーマは、昨年に引き続き Universal health coverage (UHC)

です。UHC は WHO にとって最大の目標です。

世界のすべての地域や国で進歩がみられますが、まだ数百万人もの人びとがヘルスケア

の恩恵を全く受けることができていません。

※日本語テーマ(厚生労働省):

「ユニバーサル・ヘルス・カバレッジ:誰もがどこでも保健医療を受けられる社会に」

2019年 2月 20日

Global conference calls for action to prevent suffering and disability from mycetoma

Delegates attending the Sixth International Conference on Mycetoma in Khartoum, Sudan

have endorsed a “Call for action” urging the global community to work together with

multilateral agencies, partners, research institutions and pharmaceutical companies to

address the devastating consequences of this disease.

Mycetoma, a neglected tropical disease, mainly affects poor, rural populations, particularly

people of low economic status who walk barefoot and manual workers, such as agricultural

laborourers and herdsmen. Reaching people in these underserved areas is crucial to

achieving the 2030 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

マイセトーマによる疾病と障碍を予防する行動を要請

スーダンにおけるマイセトーマに関する第 6 回国際会議では、国際社会が多国間の組

織、パートナー、研究所、製薬企業などと協働し、この悲惨な結末をもたらす疾病に対

Page 6: WHO news February 2019...Cancers are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, responsible for 18.1 million new cases and 9.6 million deaths in 2018. Pain is experienced

して行動を起こすよう要請しました。

マイセトーマは顧みられない熱帯病の一つで、貧困で農村部の人々の間に流行していま

す。慢性的、進展性に組織を破壊していく深刻な炎症性疾患であり、患部としては足に

多く見られます。

2019年 2月 25日

Countries are spending more on health, but people are still paying too much out of their own pockets

Spending on health is growing faster than the rest of the global economy, accounting for

10% of global gross domestic product (GDP). A new report on global health

expenditure from the World Health Organization (WHO) reveals a swift upward trajectory of

global health spending, which is particularly noticeable in low- and middle-income countries

where health spending is growing on average 6% annually compared with 4% in high-

income countries.

Health spending is made up of government expenditure, out-of-pocket payments (people

paying for their own care), and sources such as voluntary health insurance, employer-

provided health programmes, and activities by non-governmental organizations.

Governments provide an average of 51% of a country’s health spending, while more than

35% of health spending per country comes from out-of-pocket expenses. One

consequence of this is 100 million people pushed into extreme poverty each year.

2016 年の世界の医療費急増、GDP の 10%に

WHO は、2016 年の世界の医療費が他のどの分野より急増し、約7兆 5000 億ドル、

世界の GDP の 10%に相当すると発表しました。

また、全ての国で医療福祉分野の人手不足が見られると指摘しています。

各国の医療費のうち政府支出は 51%、35%以上が個人の自己負担になっており、その

結果 1 億人が極端な貧困に陥っているとしています。

2019年 2月 28日

WHO publishes new estimates on congenital syphilis

Page 7: WHO news February 2019...Cancers are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, responsible for 18.1 million new cases and 9.6 million deaths in 2018. Pain is experienced

New estimates published today show that there were more than half a million (around

661,000) total cases of congenital syphilis in 2016, resulting in over 200,000 stillbirths

and neonatal deaths.

Syphilis is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections globally, with

approximately 6 million new cases each year. If a pregnant woman who is infected does

not receive early and effective treatment, she can then transmit the infection to her

unborn infant. This is known as ‘congenital syphilis’, which is often fatal. It can also

cause low birth weight, prematurity, and other congenital deformities.

Congenital syphilis is the second leading cause of preventable stillbirth globally,

preceded only by malaria.

WHO, 先天梅毒に関する新しい推計を発表

新たな推計によると、2016 年の先天梅毒の症例数が約 661,000 人で、20 万件以上

の死産と新生児死亡があったとしています。

梅毒は世界で最も一般的な性感染症のひとつで、毎年約 600 万人が新たに感染してい

ます。感染した妊婦が早期に治療を受けなければ胎児に感染します。これを先天梅毒

と言い、しばしば死亡に繋がります。

先天梅毒は予防可能な死産の原因としてマラリアに次ぐ 2 番目の原因となっていま

す。

注)本サマリーは、WHO発信情報のインデックスとして役立てて頂くよう標題及び冒頭

部分を仮訳しているものですので、詳細内容については、WHOニュースリリース、声明

及びメディア向けノートの原文をこちらからご確認下さい。

http://www.who.int/news-room/releases

http://www.who.int/news-room/statements

http://www.who.int/news-room/notes