Zweijahresbericht 2006/2007 Biannual Report

Institut für Parasitologie Vetsuisse-Fakultät und Medizinische Fakultät Universität Zürich

Zweijahresbericht 2006/2007 Biannual Report Institut für Parasitologie* Vetsuisse-Fakultät und Medizinische Fakultät Universität Zürich Winterthurerstrasse 266a 8057 Zürich * Abkürzung: IPZ Tel.: +41 (0)44/635 85 01 Fax: +41 (0)44/635 89 07 E-mail: parasito@vetparas.uzh.ch URL: http://www.paras.uzh.ch Titelbild: Diese Gnitzen der Artengruppe Culicoides obsoletus, welche im Oktober 2007 in Zürich gefangen wurden, können als Vektoren der Blauzungen-krankheit agieren.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Einleitung ....................................................................................................1 Personal ......................................................................................................3 Organigramm IPZ .......................................................................................6 Research/Forschung..................................................................................7 Diagnostische Dienstleistungen.............................................................29 Publications 2006 and 2007.....................................................................32

Original publications and reviews in peer-reviewed journals .................32 Original publications in non-reviewed journals ......................................38 Doctoral and master theses...................................................................41 Books and book contributions................................................................41

Conference reports, lectures and posters .............................................43 Parasitologische Fortbildungsseminare des IPZ ..................................54 Wissenschaftliche Abschlüsse und Nachwuchsförderung .................56 Tierärztliche und ärztliche Fortbildung ..................................................58 Aussenbeziehungen ................................................................................58 Funktionen von Institutsangehörigen an Universität und Fakultät .....60 Bauliches, EDV und Ausstattung ...........................................................60 Bibliothek, Sammlungen und Unterrichtsmittel ....................................61 Beförderungen, Preise, Ehrungen ..........................................................61

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Einleitung Das IPZ vertritt als einzige Institution im Grossraum Zürich das Fach Parasitologie in Forschung und Lehre. Das breite Lehrangebot (Vetsuisse, Medizinische und Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät (MNF) der Universität Zürich, Departement Biologie ETHZ) setzt eine breit gefächerte Kompetenz im Fachbereich voraus. Das vor Jahren etablierte Konzept der Bearbeitung von Projekten sowohl aus der grundlagen- als auch der problemorientierten und der klinischen Forschung hat sich mit den zur Verfügung stehenden Mitteln bewährt. Die durchgeführten Strukturänderungen der letzten Jahre stärkten die Forschung trotz Sparmassnahmen. Ausdruck hierfür sind die neu formierten, dynamischen Forschungsgruppen und vor allem die verstärkte Einwerbung von Drittmitteln (2007 wurden CHF 890'151.-, der höchste je am IPZ erreichte Betrag an Drittmitteln ausgegeben) sowie die Qualität der erschienenen und der sich im Druck befindlichen Publikationen in führenden Zeitschriften der jeweiligen Spezialgebiete. Das IPZ figuriert denn auch bei der Zitations-Analyse 2007 (Essential Science Indicators) auf der Tabelle der international kompetitiv in Erscheinung tretenden Institute oder Kliniken.

In den Studiengängen der Human- und Veterinärmedizin hat die Etablierung und Planung der neuen Curricula zusätzliche Arbeit verursacht. Das neue Curriculum in der Veterinärmedizin wurde erfolgreich weitergeführt, dasselbe gilt für das neue Curriculum an der Medizinischen Fakultät. Die Evaluationen der Lehre durch die Studierenden fielen durchwegs positiv aus. Neu beteiligt sich das Institut auch am Unterricht in Reproduktionsbiologie der MNF. Institutsmitglieder sind wesentlich als Autoren an den meist verkauften Lehrbüchern der Medizinischen und der Veterinärmedizinischen Parasitologie beteiligt und prägen somit entscheidend die Lehrmeinung im Fach Parasitologie im deutsch-sprachigen Raum. Während eines 6-monatigen Sabbatical des Institut-leiters (von Februar bis Juli 2007) wurde die Lehre von verschiedenen Institutsmitgliedern übernommen.

Im Dienstleistungsbereich erfüllt das IPZ im Rahmen eines vollumfänglich durch das Bundesamt für Veterinärwesen finanzierten ”Veterinary Public Health”-Auftrages die Referenzfunktion in den Bereichen Echinococcose, Cryptosporidiose, Schafräude und Vektor-Entomologie. Auf Fakultätsebene verwaltet das Institut mit grossem Aufwand die Hundestation Stiegenhof, wo experimentelle Studien v.a. mit Hunden und Katzen für die Institute und Kliniken der Universität durchgeführt werden. Diese Anlage wurde im

Einleitung

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Rahmen der Vetsuisse-Mittelverschiebungen in eine fakultäre Versuchstier-Anlage umstrukturiert, die unter der Leitung einer fakultären Kommission und Koordination durch das IPZ weiter geführt wird.

Im Diagnostikzentrum Parasitologie (DZP) des Institutes werden diagnostische Untersuchungsaufträge aus der Human- und der Veterinär-medizin (hauptsächlich vom Universitätsspital, vom Tierspital sowie von der Veterinärpathologie) durchgeführt. Im Jahre 2007 führte das DZP über 22'000 Einzeltests durch und konnte somit einen beachtlichen Betrag (siehe S. 31) in Rechnung stellen. In der Lehre ist diese Abteilung besonders in der Schwerpunktausbildung „Paraklinische Diagnostik“ involviert. Das DZP beteiligt sich zusätzlich an epidemiologischen Studien und führt in diesem Rahmen ebenfalls diagnostische Untersuchungen durch. Das DZP ist eines der wenigen Labors in der Schweiz, welches eine praktische Ausbildung im Gebiet der Parasitologie für den Ausbildungsgang zur Laborleiterin / zum Laborleiter FAMH anbieten kann.

Zürich, im April 2008 Prof. Dr. P. Deplazes

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Personal

Organisation und Mitarbeiterstab (Stand: Dezember 2007) Nicht-kantonale Besoldungen: NF = Schweiz. Nationalfonds, BVET = Bundesamt für Veterinärwesen, SBF = Staatssekretariat für Bildung und Forschung, D = Andere Drittmittel Leitung Deplazes Peter Prof. Dr. med. vet. FVH, EVPC, Direktor Sekretariat Schlumpf Priska Verwaltungsassistentin (70%) Tamburini Katja Verwaltungssekretärin (100%) Infrastruktur Kohler Lucia Diplomierte Biomedizinische Analytikerin HF,

Cheflaborantin (50%) Forschung / Research Entomology and molecular epidemiology

Mathis Alexander PD Dr. sc. nat. ETH, Wissenschaftl. Mitarb. Schaffner Francis PhD Biosystématique, Wissenschaftl. Mitarb.

(75%, davon BVET 50%) Hauri Jeannine Diplomierte Biomedizinische Analytikerin HF

(80%, davon D 30%) Roggero Corinna Med. vet., Doktorandin (D)

Cell biology Hehl Adrian B. PD Dr. phil. nat., Wissenschaftl.

Abteilungsleiter Stefanič Sasa Dr. med. vet., Assistent (100%, davon NF 50%)Konrad Christian Dr. rer. nat., Postdoktorand (NF) Sonda Sabrina PhD Dr. phil. nat., Postdoktorandin (NF 80%, D

10%) Spycher Cornelia PhD Dr. phil. nat., Postdoktorandin (SBF) Michel Therese Laborantin (60%) Morf Laura Dipl. microbiol., PhD-Doktorandin (NF) Bottova Iveta Master of biochemistry, PhD-Doktorandin (D)

Personal

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Epidemiology and international health Torgerson Paul R. Dr. med. vet., PhD, EVPC, ECVPM,

Oberassistent Heinzmann Dominik Dipl. ing. math. EPF, PhD-Doktorand (NF) Ziadinov Iskenderali Med. vet., Doktorand (D)

Zoonoses and med. and vet. Parasitology

Deplazes Peter Prof. Dr. med. vet. FVH, EVPC Schnyder Manuela Dr. med. vet., Oberassistentin (50%) Fahrion Anna Med. vet., Assistentin Hegglin Daniel Dr. sc. nat., Postdoktorand (BVET 50%) Labes Elisabeth Dr. med. vet., Postdoktorandin (D 50%) Kohler Lucia Diplomierte Biomedizinische Analytikerin HF,

Cheflaborantin (50%) Tanner Isabelle Diplomierte Biomedizinische Analytikerin HF,

Cheflaborantin (50%) Burlet Pierre Med. vet., Doktorand (BVET)

Dienstleistung

Auftragsforschung Hertzberg Hubertus PD Dr. med. vet., EVPC, Wissenschaftl.

Mitarb. (50%) Müller Hans-Peter Tierpfleger

Diagnostikzentrum Parasitologie (DZP)

Grimm Felix Dr. phil. II, Wissenschaftl. Abteilungsleiter Tanner Isabelle Diplomierte Biomedizinische Analytikerin HF,

Cheflaborantin (20%) Boller Bettina Diplomierte Biomedizinische Analytikerin HF,

(80%) Bodmer Susy Diplomierte Biomedizinische Analytikerin HF,

(90%) Ebeid Susanne Laborantin (75%) Kaspar-Witt Vera Diplomierte Biomedizinische Analytikerin HF,

(80%) Lauffer Judith Diplomierte Biomedizinische Analytikerin HF,

(80%) Suter Waltraud Laborantin (50%) Salathé Bogdana Laborhilfe (54%)

Personal

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Joint Appointment

Schnyder Manuela Dr. med. vet., Oberassistentin (30%) Rüdemann Armin Tierpfleger Merz Esther Tierpflegerin (ca. 50%)

Stellenmutationen 2006 und 2007 (Doktorierende s. Seite 56)

Eintritte: Boller Bettina (13.2.2006), Labes Elisabeth, Dr. (1.8.2006), Schaffner Francis, Dr. (15.1.2007), Spycher Cornelia, Dr. (15.1.2007), Konrad Christian, Dr. (1.2.2007), Theubet Grégoire (15.2.2007), Noussitou Fiammetta (1.7.2007).

Austritte: Huber Chantal (28.2.2006), Meili Erika (30.6.2006), Heer Claudia (30.6.2006), Oprandi Lorenza (31.1.2007), Harrer Birgit (31.1.2007), Stäbler Sandra, Dr. (15.9.2007), Theubet Grégoire (31.12.2007).

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Organigramm IPZ

Sekretariat Infrastruktur

ForschungDienstleistung

VS 100%

LL 50%2

VA 70%

* Lehre wird von den einzelnen Gruppenleitern organisiertIL = Institutsleiter/in AL = Abteilungsleiter/in pD = Postdoktorand/inVA = Verwaltungsassistent/in A = Assistent/in L = Laborant/in/LaborhilfeVS = Verwaltungssekretär/in D = PhD/Doktorand/in T = Tierpfleger/inwM = wiss. Mitarbeiter/in OA = Oberassistent/in JA = Joint AppointmentLL = Laborleiter/in 1, 2, 3 = Gleiche Person in verschiedenen Funktionen

universitäre Stellen

DrittmittelstellenStand: 31.12.2007

InstitutsleitungDirektor: Prof. Dr. P. Deplazes

L 75%

L 50%

L 90%

L 54%

Institut für Parasitologie der Universität Zürich

ALPD Dr. A. Hehl

OADr. P. Torgerson

L 60%

D

L 80%

LL 20%3

L 80%

wMPD Dr.

A. Mathis

JA mit Fakultät

D

ILProf. Dr.

P. Deplazes

pD 50%

LL 50%3

LL 50%2

pD 50%

A 100%

OA 50%1

Entomology and molecular

epidemiologyCell biology

Epidemiologyand international

health

Zoonosesmed. and vet.Parasitology

ALDr. F. Grimm

JointAppointmentDZPAuftrags-

forschung

OA 30%1

Dr. M. Schnyder

T 100%

T ca 50%

wM 50%PD Dr.

H. Hertzberg

T 100% D

D

DpD 100%

pD 90%

pD 100%D

L 80%

Lehre*

wM50% 25%

A50%

L50% 30%

50%

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Research/Forschung In view of their great medical importance but also from a variety of other perspectives, including epidemiological, immunological, biochemical and genetic aspects, studies on zoonotic parasites and zoonoses are major research activities of the IPZ. The basic information about the various re-search projects is summarized below and is also available on the research homepage of the University of Zurich: http://www.research-projects.unizh.ch/u60.htm

List of external funded research grants/projects in 2006/2007 (project leaders at the institute for external collaborators see scientific report): National Science Foundation (NF) 1) “Molecular basis for protein sorting and transport in the ancient

eukaryotic parasite Giardia intestinalis”. Swiss National Science Foundation No. 3100A0-100270/1 Project leader: A.B. Hehl Project period: 1.4.03 – 31.3.06 Project budget: CHF 252’200.-

2) “Mathematical models of the transmission of taeniid parasites”. Swiss National Science Foundation No. 3152A0-107726/1 Project leaders: P.R. Torgerson, P. Deplazes Project period: 1.4.05 – 30.6.08 Project budget: CHF 132’285.-

3) “Development of educational and research tools for the study of parasitic zoonoses in Kyrgyzstan”. Swiss National Science Foundation No. IB74B0-110928/1 Project leaders: P. Deplazes, A. Mathis, P.R. Torgerson Project period: 1.11.05 – 30.10.08 Project budget: CHF 100’000.-

Research/Forschung

List of external funded research grants/projects in 2006/2007

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4) “Molecular basis for protein sorting in the early-branching protozoan parasite Giardia lamblia”. Swiss National Science Foundation No. 3100A0-112327/1 Project leader: A.B. Hehl Project period: 1.4.06 – 31.3.09 Project budget: CHF 354’366.-

5) “Essential role of Multidrug Resistence Proteins in the biology of Toxoplasma gondii”. Swiss National Science Foundation No. PMPDA-114351/1 Project leader: S. Sonda Project period: 1.10.06 – 30.9.08 Project budget: CHF 220’238.-

Bundesamt für Veterinärwesen 1) „Verbreitung, Übertragung und genetische Typisierung von bovinen

Babesien und Theilerien in der Schweiz“. Project leaders: A. Mathis, P. Deplazes Project period: 1.2.05 – 31.1.07 Project budget: CHF 102’653.-

2) „Etablierung einer PCR-Methode zum Nachweis von Culicoides spp.; und Bericht zur Veterinärmedizinischen Arachno-Entomologie in der Schweiz“. Project No. MON-012 Project leaders: A. Mathis, P. Deplazes Project period: 1.6.05 – 31.12.10 Project budget: CHF 25’000.-

3) „Epidemiologie der Rindercysticercose, Risiko und Kostenanalyse”. Project leaders: P. Deplazes, P.R. Torgerson, H. Hertzberg Project period: 1.10.05 – 31.12.08 Project budget: CHF 100’000.-

Research/Forschung

List of external funded research grants/projects in 2006/2007

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4) „Betrieb eines nationalen Referenzlaboratoriums für Tierseuchen und tierseuchenassoziierte Vektoren“. Project No. MON-035 Project leaders: P. Deplazes, A. Mathis Project period: 1.1.07 – 31.12.07 Project budget: CHF 80’700.-

5) „Bekämpfung der Alveolären Echinoccose & Management von Füchsen im Siedlungsraum”. Project No. 1.07.04 Project leader: P. Deplazes Project period: 1.2.07 – 30.4.10 Project budget: CHF 341’981.-

Grün Stadt Zürich, Kanton Zürich 1) Zusatzkredit für das BVET Projekt „Bekämpfung der Alveolären

Echinoccose & Management von Füchsen im Siedlungsraum”. Project No. 1.07.04 Project leader: D. Hegglin Project period: 1.7.07 – 30.4.10 Project budget: CHF 58’000.-

Bundesamt für Bildung und Wissenschaft 1) „Apicomplexian biology in the post-genomic era”.

Project No. BBW C03.007, COST 857 Project leader: A.B. Hehl Project period: 1.2.04 – 31.1.07 Project budget: CHF 152’000.-

Staatssekretariat für Bildung und Forschung 1) „Drug development for parasitic diseases”.

Project No. C05.0104, COST-B22 Project leader: A.B. Hehl Project period: 1.2.06 – 30.6.08 Project budget: CHF 93’000.-

Research/Forschung

List of external funded research grants/projects in 2006/2007

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Forschungskredit der Universität Zürich

1) “Modelling equine piroplasmoses in a multispecies context”.

Project leaders: P.R. Torgerson, P. Deplazes, A. Mathis Project period: 1.1.04 – 31.5.06 Project budget: CHF 110’000.-

Stiftungen 1) “Vorkommen und Verbreitung von Magen-Darm-Parasiten bei Orang-

Utans in Borneo”. Messerli-Stiftung Project leaders: E. Labes, P. Deplazes Project period: 1.12.04 – 30.11.07 Project budget: CHF 47’000.-

2) “Epidemiology and control of cystic and alveolar echinococcosis in Lithuania”. Gebert-Rüf-Stiftung Project leaders: P. Deplazes, A. Mathis Project period: 1.11.05 – 31.5.07 Project budget: CHF 42’700.-

3) “Characterization of a stage specific, Golgi-like compartment in Giardia intestinalis and identification of associated proteins”. Novartis-Stiftung für medizinisch-biologische Forschung Project leader: A.B. Hehl Project period: 15.9.02 – 31.12.06 Project budget: CHF 42’121.-

4) “Development of a three-dimensional enteric cell culture model for in vitro studies of the intestinal eukaryotic parasites Cryptosporidium spp.”. Project No. 97/05 Stiftung Forschung 3R Project leader: A. Mathis Project period: 1.1.06 – 31.12.08 Project budget: CHF 88’880.-

Research/Forschung

List of external funded research grants/projects in 2006/2007

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5) “Essential role of Multidrug Resistance Proteins (MDRs) in Toxoplasma gondii biology”. Fondation Pierre Mercier pour la Science Project leader: S. Sonda Project period: 1.6.06 – 30.6.08 Project budget: CHF 150’000.-

Industrie und andere Drittmittel 1) “Confirmation of the efficacy of Emodepside plus Praziquantel tablets

against mature and immature Echinococcus multilocularis infection in experimentally infected dogs“. Bayer Health Care AG Project leaders: P. Deplazes, M. Schnyder Project period: 1.11.05 – 31.12.10 Project budget: EUR 50’229.17

2) “Confirmation of the efficacy of Emodepside plus Praziquantel tablets against mature and immature Echinococcus granulosus infection in experimentally infected dogs“. Bayer Health Care AG Project leaders: P. Deplazes, M. Schnyder Project period: 1.10.06 – 31.12.08 Project budget: EUR 50’814.90

Internationale und nationale Programme 1) „Ecosystem disturbance and multiscale transmission of a zoonotic

wildlife pathogen“. NIH – National Institutes of Health, Project Nr. 1 R01 TW01565-01 Project leader: P.R. Torgerson Project period: 1.10.02 – 30.6.08 Project budget: USD 279’500.-

Research/Forschung

List of external funded research grants/projects in 2006/2007

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2) “Ecology of Echinococcus multilocularis and transmission to humans in Kazakhstan and Kyrgystan” INTAS – Project Nr. 03-51-5661 Project leader: P.R. Torgerson Project period: 1.4.04 – 30.9.07 Project budget: EUR 87’900.-

3) “Integrated epidemiological-based control of echinococcosis to improve animal production and reduce human transmission” FAO – Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Project Nr. TCP/LIT/3001 Project leader: P. Deplazes Project period: 1.2.05 – 31.12.08 Project budget: USD 25’000.-

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Scientific report on main research projects 2006/07 Biology and epidemiology of equine piroplasmoses in Takhin Tal (Mongolia) Piroplasmoses caused by Babesia caballi and Theileria equi appear to impede the successful reintroduction of Przewalski’s horses. In order to evaluate the risk and to determine preventive measures we are identifying the transmitting tick vector and are estimating the relevant epidemiological parameters for the endemic maintenance of the disease at the reintroduction site. This includes the identification of the tick fauna infesting horses, determination of the prevalences of the two parasites in horses as well as ticks (Rüegg et al., 2007), and development of a mathematical model of the disease transmission, which is then confronted with field data and permits to estimate the infection pressure acting on horses (Rüegg et al., Parasitology, in press). Institute members: A. Mathis, P.R. Torgerson (project leaders), P. Deplazes, S.R. Rüegg. External collaborator: A. Barbour, D. Heinzmann (Institute of Mathematics, University of Zurich), C. Walzer (Zoo Salzburg, Austria and International Takhi Group, Mongolia). Funding: University of Zurich (Forschungskredit).

Epidemiological and molecular genetic investigation of ruminant Babesia in Switzerland

Babesia divergens, a small Babesia species, is known to occur in cattle in few foci in Switzerland (Mathis et al., 2006). Concurrent infections with vector-borne pathogens affected a cattle herd in Switzerland, and one of the pathogens was identified as a large Babesia, B. bigemina, which has never been observed in this country before. A survey on the occurrence of bovine Babesia spp. and their vector ticks in Switzerland revealed the presence of B. divergens, Babesia sp. EU1, B. major, whose suggested occurrence was confirmed in this study by molecular analysis, and further of a novel Babesia sp. CH1 closely related to B. odocoilei reported from North America. The zoonotic Babesia sp. EU1 was detected in ticks from domestic but predominantly from wild ruminants. B. bigemina was not detected indicating that this parasite has not established in Switzerland (Hilpertshauser et al., 2006; Hilpertshauser et al., 2007). In 2005 and 2006, chamois (Rupicapra r. rupicapra) were found dead with signs of acute babesial infection in the eastern Swiss Alps (Hoby et al., 2007).

Research projects

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PCR on DNA extracted from blood or spleen of the carcasses revealed sequence identity of the amplified part of the 18S rRNA gene with GenBank entries attributed to Babesia divergens of cattle origin or B. capreoli of wild ruminant origin which have never been described before in this region. Examination of 314 head of cattle from this area by IFAT, microscopy and PCR provided no evidence for

babesial infection. Six of 887 ticks collected from cattle were PCR-positive, and sequencing revealed Babesia sp. genotype EU1 in five and B. divergens/B. capreoli in one of them. A Babesia isolate of chamois, two isolates of roe deer (Capreolus c. capreolus) from the same region and one isolate of a roe deer from the north-western Swiss Alps were genetically compared with two Swiss B. divergens isolates of cattle origin by analysing the genomic rDNA locus. Whereas the near full length sequences of the 18S rRNA gene were virtually identical among all six isolates (>99.4% identity), distinct differences between the two isolates from cattle on the one hand and the four isolates from free-ranging ruminants on the other hand were observed in the sequences of the internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 (ITS1, ITS2) and part of the 28S rRNA gene. These results indicate that, albeit genetically very closely related, these babesial organisms from cattle and from free-ranging ruminants indeed are distinguishable organisms with different host specificities, and they support the use of the discrete species name B. capreoli for the B. divergens-like organisms from chamois and roe deer (Schmid et al., Vet. Parasitol., in press). Institute members: A. Mathis, P. Deplazes (project leaders), F. Grimm, N. Schmid, J. Hauri, I. Tanner. External collaborators: H. Lutz, R. Hoffmann (Clinical Laboratory, Department of In-ternal Veterinary Medicine, University of Zurich), L. Gern (Institut de Zoologie, Université de Neuchâtel), S. Hoby, M.-P. Ryser-Degiorgis (Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Institute of Animal Pathology, University of Berne), R. Edelhofer (Departement of Parasitology and Zoology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria). Funding: Federal Veterinary Office (BVET).

Research projects

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Identification of taeniid eggs by multiplex PCR The adult stages of tapeworms belonging to the family Taeniidae (genera Taenia, Echinococcus) parasitize in the intestine of humans (Taenia) and carnivores (Taenia, Echinococcus) causing little harm; contrary, the larval (metacestode) stages of some of these parasite species can cause severe disease or even death in their intermediate mammalian hosts, including humans as accidental hosts. As the eggs of all these tapeworms cannot be distinguished morphologically other approaches are required (Mathis and Deplazes, 2006). In this project, we have developed a multiplex PCR that allows to discriminate E. multilocularis, E. granulosus and Taenia spp. based on differently sized amplicons. Additional analyses of these amplicons (sequencing, restriction fragment length polymorphism RFLP) enable to further identify species or genotypes of these tapeworms (Trachsel et al., 2007). This diagnostic approach is of value for diagnosis in individual definitive hosts (Al-Sabi et al., 2007), for assessing the contamination of the environment and the infection risks for humans, and finally to monitor the effects of parasite control programmes (Ziadinov et al., Int. J. Parasitol., in press). Institute members: A. Mathis (project leader), P. Deplazes, D. Trachsel, J. Hauri. Funding: Federal Veterinary Office (BVET).

Bluetongue disease vectors (Culicoides spp.): Defining parameters which determine ‘vector free periods/areas’ in Switzerland

With bluetongue disease having reached Switzerland, it is essential to know the distribution and seasonal occurrence of the respective insect vectors, Culicoides spp. for which detailed records from only a few locations in Switzerland are available as yet. Light-traps will be operated all year round on suitable farms of 12 locations representing the climate regions of Switzerland. Identification of the very small insects is achieved by microscopy which is a tedious and time-consuming task and by

multiplex PCRs which will be developed to simultaneously identify and quantify in single runs putative vector species of the bluetongue virus. Additional traps will be used to confirm the entomological findings in other locations of the climate regions, for indoor trapping to assess overwintering strategies and for catching Culicoides spp. in environments with different prevailing hosts

Research projects

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(wildlife, domestic animals) to investigate host specificities/preferences among the indigenous midges. Further, their breeding habitats will be identified by incubation putative substrates from the field and identifying eclosing midges. Statistical analyses will allow to determine the importance of different parameters on the abundance and diversity of these insects and to draw vector suitability maps on a national scale. Institute members: A. Mathis, F. Schaffner (project leaders), J. Hauri. External collaborator: H.P. Schwermer (BVET). Funding: Federal Veterinary Office (BVET).

Molecular mechanisms of protein export and targeting in Giardia lamblia. Giardia lamblia is the most common intestinal parasite of humans and other vertebrates. This protozoan pathogen causes both epidemic and endemic diarrhea in humans worldwide, especially in developing countries, but is also widespread in domestic animal populations. Giardia has a two-stage life cycle consisting of vegetatively dividing flagellated trophozoites residing in the small intestine of the host, and infective cyst forms that are shed into the environment. Apart from its medical importance, certain phylogenetic models propose Giardia as one of the “oldest” eukaryotic organisms. With the estimated 2.2 billion years of independent evolution the parasite is considered a “living fossil” manifesting a variety of deviations in structure, biochemistry and cellular organization compared with higher eukaryotes. Alternative scenarios postulate strong reductive processes as the main reason for the current simple organization of Giardia on the level of genome organization, molecular biology and compartment structure. This comparatively basic single-cell eukaryote has a simple endomembrane system, with respect to both morphology and molecular organization. Proliferating parasites only posess three compartment systems: the endoplasmatic reticulum (ER) and a peripheral endosomal-lysosomal system, dubbed peripheral vesicles (PVs). Only recently, small, double membrane bounded organelles, mitochondrial remnants (mitosomes), were identified and characterized. During encystation, i.e. stage-differentiation to an environmentally resistant, infectious form, trophozoites generate specialized secretory compartments termed encystation-specific vesicles (ESVs). ESVs are stage-regulated compartments which contain only cyst wall material and have biochemical characteristics of maturing Golgi cister-nae, but lack any morphological similarities to a conventional Golgi appa-ratus. ESVs may correspond to a primordial Golgi-like compartment, i.e., selectively stabilized cisternae for post-translational processing and

Research projects

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maturation of cyst wall material. The cyst wall material, consisting of three paralogous, soluble cyst wall proteins (CWPs) and a simple β1-3 GalNAc homopolymer, is post translationally matured in ESVs during the second half of the 20-24 hour encystation process before being secreted and transformed into an extracellular matrix. Encystation of Giardia trophozoites, a vital step for parasite survival and transmission, is likely to represent one of the most basic eukaryotic adaptive responses. Thus, Giardia is a genetically tractable minimal eukaryotic system and a unique model to study core mechanisms of adaptive responses (differentiation), secretory transport, and formation of a simple and yet highly effective biopolymer matrix.

Current projects focus on investigation of essential steps in secretory transport on a molecular level, including transcriptomics of differentiation and stress response, and proteomics of ESV organelles and other membrane compartments enriched by subcellular fractionation. Of particular interest is the formation of vesicle coats and functional characterization of small GTPases (Rab, Sar1p, Arf1) involved in regulation of membrane fusion and vesicle budding events. Using techniques to interfere with gene expression or

protein function, we are now able to block the encystation process at specific steps, or prevent formation of a cyst wall. For example expression of dominant-negative mutants of the GTPases Sar1p or dynamin blocks ESV formation and secretion, respectively.

Interference with Arf function uncouples morphological and cell cycle processes from cyst wall formation and yields wall-less cyst forms. An important aspect is how Giardia accomplishes protein sorting for transport to the various cellular destinations without a conventional Golgi apparatus that assumes this function. Current investigations focus on

Three dimensional surface model of the giardial endoplasmic reticulum (green) and Golgi-like compartments containing cyst wall protein (red) in a trophozoite that undergoes encystation. The model was calculated from 42 optical sections made with a confocal laser scanning microscope.

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mechanisms of ER export and more distal sorting events relevant for the regulated secretion of the cyst wall. For example, ectopically expressed mutant copies of CWPs in transgenic parasites can be tracked to obtain information on the mechanisms of the sorting, transport and maturation processes. This forward genetic technology, combined with state-of-the-art confocal microscopy imaging, provides insights into novel cargo partitioning and protein sorting pathways. The completed Giardia genome project and whole genome microarrays allow global investigation of regulated mechanisms involved in stage-differentiation and stress response. In collaboration with the Functional Genomics Center Zürich and the Craig Venter Institute, we study these processes to gain insights into transcriptional regulation in the minimal Giardia system and thus obtain information on the evolution of complex cellular processes. Institute members: A.B. Hehl (project leader), L. Morf, Ch. Konrad, C. Spycher, T. Michel, S. Stefanič. External collaborators: C. Aquino Fournier, H. Rehrauer, J. Sobek, R. Schlapbach, (Functional Genomics Center, Zurich), P. Wild, E. Schraner (Institutes of Veterinary Virology and Anatomy, University of Zurich), A. Hemphill, N. Müller (Institute of Parasitology, University of Berne), S. Svärd, D. Palm (Karolinska Institute, Stockholm), J. Tovar (University of London, UK), J. McKerrow (UC San Francisco, USA), F. Gillin (UC San Diego, USA). Funding: Swiss National Science Foundation, Novartis Foundation, Roche Research Foundation, BBW (COST 857), BBW (COST B22), University of Zurich.

Analysis of sphingolipid biosynthesis in G. lamblia

The lipid class of sphingolipids is gaining increasing interest due to their substantial role in signal transduction processes: they constitute structural microdomains and signal platforms in the membrane and they act as first and second messengers in pathways regulating proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation. Lipid metabolism in the protozoan G. lamblia is poorly understood. Previous studies revealed that the parasite has only a limited capability for de novo lipid synthesis but it is capable of taking lipids up from the environment. Our observation that the parasite is indeed able to synthesize de novo sphingolipids and that the pattern of generated lipids notably differs from the one found in mammalian cells prompted us to investigate in details the sphingolipid biosynthesis in G. lamblia and its role in fundamental processes of parasite biology. Our analyses highlighted the role of glucosylceramide synthesis in parasite cell division and stage

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differentiation. Surprisingly, ceramide, a known inducer of apoptosis, was identified as a key regulator of cell death also in the parasite which apparently lacks the canonical proteins effectors of apoptosis. Thus, the elucidation of sphingolipid synthesis in G. lamblia is likely not only to provide promising targets for therapeutic intervention against the parasite but also to reveal the minimal and most conserved elements of the apoptotic machinery. Institute members: S. Sonda, A.B. Hehl (project leaders), S. Stefanič. Funding: Marie Heim-Vögtlin Stiftung, Swiss National Science Foundation, Mercier Foundation.

Role of P-glycoprotein in host-parasite interaction P-glycoprotein (P-gp, MDR1, ABCB1) is one of the most intensively studied membrane transporters. P-gp overexpression, following drug treatment, is responsible for multidrug resistance in tumor cells and in pathogenic yeasts, fungi, bacteria and parasitic protozoa. In addition to mediate drug resistance, P-gp also plays several but not completely elucidated roles in physiological processes in absence of drug pressure. Our research focuses on the P-gp role during host-pathogen interaction using the model parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Analyses using pharmacological inhibitors and host cells devoid of P-gp showed that host P-gp is not involved in parasite invasion but is required for normal T. gondii intracellular replication. Biochemical investigations revealed that host P-gp plays a role in cholesterol transport to the parasite vacuole, an essential process for parasite replication. Current research is aiming at characterizing this unexpected role of P-gp in lipid transport in terms of i) intracellular parasite survival and ii) host cell lipid metabolism.

Institute members: S. Sonda (project leader), Y. Bottova, A.B. Hehl. External collaborators: G. Sala, R. Ghidoni (Institute of Biochemistry, University of Milano), C. Mercier, MA. Hakimi (CNRS, Joseph-Fourier University), G. Fabrias (Department of Biological Chemistry, CSIC, Barcelona). Funding: Marie Heim-Vögtlin Stiftung, Mercier Foundation, BBW (COST 857).

Animal models for intestinal Echinococcus multilocularis infections To provide comparative data on the reproduction of Echinococcus multilocularis in different definitive hosts, foxes, raccoon dogs, dogs and cats were experimentally infected. The faecal egg count was determined at

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three day intervals until no eggs were detected in three consecutive samples. At 35, 63, and 90 dpi, 5 animals from each group were necropsied and the worm burdens determined. Worms were recovered from all foxes and racoon dogs, and from most of the dogs. The highest worm burdens in foxes were found at 35 dpi. These declined to low levels by day 63. In dogs, there was no significant difference between worm burdens recovered at days 35 and day 90, respectively. Egg excretion dynamics suggested that the mean biotic potential per infected animal was high in foxes, racoon dogs and dogs. Therefore, it is concluded that these species are good hosts of E. multilocularis with subtle differences in the biotic potential and egg excretion during the patent period. In contrast, few worms established in cats and the few eggs that were excreted had a low infectivity (Kapel et al., 2006; Thompson et al., 2006; Al-Sabi et al., 2007). This strongly indicates that cats play an insignificant role in the parasite transmission. Further experimental studies are in progress focussing on the development of the intestinal stages and egg production (Al-Sabi et al., 2008, Vet. Parasitol). Experimental AE in pigs was studied in order to evaluate the potential use of this animal model for human AE. Despite the low number of animals used in this study, we succeeded in demonstrating two types of development of E. multilocularis larval stages in pigs. Animals with predominantly small lesions had pronounced antibody reactions (“high responders”) whereas animals with larger, sharply demarcated ovoid nodules were associated with reduced humoral reactions (“low responders”). In both types of lesions, viability of the parasite could not be demonstrated and histological examinations revealed fractured laminated layers and the absence of germinative cells in the lesions, implying that the parasites were dead. In conclusion, this preliminary study suggests that the pig could provide a new clinical model for imaging techniques, surgical interventions and chemotherapy of human AE. Highly progressive and lethal metacestode infections have been recorded in dogs and several monkey species. Therefore, clinical and serological studies of 25 dogs with naturally acquired hepatic AE are currently in progress and experimental metacestode infections of dogs have been initiated (Staebler et al., 2007). Institute members: P. Deplazes (project leader), P.R. Torgerson, A. Mathis, S. Staebler. External collaborators: C. Kapel (project leader at the Department of Ecology, University of Copenhagen), A. Thompson (Murdoch University, Western Australia). Funding: Danish Veterinary and Agricultural Research Council, Danish National Research Foundation, Federal Veterinary Office (BVET).

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Surveillance of alveolar echinococcosis and control of Echinococcus multilocularis in Switzerland The incidence of human alveolar echinococcosis (AE) caused by the larval stage of the fox tapeworm, Echinococcus multilocularis, has increased 2.6 times in Switzerland between 2001-2005.

Annual incidence and prevalence of human alveolar echinococcosis in Switzerland.

This increase correlates with a general increase of fox populations in Switzerland and the expansion of foxes into urban areas (Schweiger et al., 2007). The increasing incidence of AE and the better survival of patients due to advances in medical treatment resulted in a steady increase of prevalence. Survival analysis has demonstrated a dramatically improved prognosis for AE patients over the last 30 years. For an average 54-year-old patient diagnosed with AE life expectancy was estimated to be reduced by 18.2 and 21.3 years for men and women, respectively, in 1970 whereas these values were approximately 3.5 and 2.6 years in 2005. An analysis revealed a total annual burden of disease in Switzerland of approximately 77.6 DALYs and costs amounting to approximately € 2.0 million or €108,762 per patient (Torgerson et al., Journal of Hepatology, 2008).

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0

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1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Year of diagnosis

Life

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at a

ge 5

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Improving life expectancy of AE patients (red) compared to population norms (black). Females (solid line) and male (dashed line).

Currently, there are no satisfying strategies for handling a high infection pressure of E. multilocularis in the urban periphery where high population densities and a high infection pressure with E. multilocularis eggs overlap (Hegglin et al., 2007; Reperant et al., 2007). In the project «Control of Echinococcus multilocularis», a cost-efficient strategy for deworming urban foxes will be developed a) by modelling and testing optimised baiting strategies in space and time, b) by enhancing bait uptake rate and species-specificity of bait uptake and c) by developing a practice-orientated method for bait delivery in the field. The project is part of the interdisciplinary project «Control of Alveolar Echinococcosis & Management of Foxes in Urbanized Areas» and is designed as a continuation of the Integrated Fox Project (IFP) which provided basic knowledge on urban foxes and E. multilocularis in Switzerland. Furthermore, diagnostic methods for the specific detection of E. multilocularis eggs isolated from faecal or environmental samples have been developed (Trachsel et al., 2007). Institute members: P. Deplazes, A. Schweiger, J. Eckert, D. Hegglin, P.R. Torgerson, L. Reperant, D. Trachsel., P. Burlet, L. Kohler, I. Tanner. External collaborators: R.W. Ammann, B. Muellhaupt, B.M. Prinz, P.-A. Clavien (University Hospital of Zurich), B. Gottstein (University of Berne), J. Reichen, D. Candinas (University Hospital of Berne), N. Halkic, P.E. Tarr (University Hospital of Lausanne), C. Fischer (University of Lausanne), S. Gloor, F. Bontadina (SWILD), Ch. Stauffer (Grün Stadt Zürich). Funding: Federal Veterinary Office (BVET), Grün Stadt Zürich, Stiftung Echinococcose.

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Epidemiology and control of cystic and alveolar echinococcosis in Lithuania

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a major public health problem in Lithuania. During 1995–2006 CE was confirmed in 36% of 251 suspected cases. In small farms from the South–Western part of Lithuania, 14.2 % of dogs were excreting taeniid eggs. Further investigations by PCR demonstrated a prevalence of Echinococcus granulosus of 3.8% (i.e. approximately one quarter of dogs positive for taeniid eggs). Investigations also demonstrated 3.2 % of the pigs were infected with CE. The G6/7 strain was identified in samples from pig, cattle, human and dogs. Questionnaire revealed a poor knowledge about this zoonosis amongst this rural population. A pilot control program has been initiated by regularly treating dogs in villages with high prevalences of E. granulosus in dogs and pigs. Alveolar echinococcosis (AE), a serious zoonosis caused by the larval stage of E. multilocularis, has only recently been documented in the Baltic region. During 1997–2006, 80 patients with AE have been diagnosed at two hospitals of Vilnius University (Bruzinskaite et al., 2007). Necropsy studies of final hosts demonstrated that 59% of red foxes and 8% of raccoon dogs were infected with E. multilocularis. Infected animals were found throughout Lithuania and, hence, the whole country should be considered as an endemic area. Institute members: P. Deplazes (project leader), A. Mathis, I. Tanner. External collaborators: M. Sarkunas (project leader in Lithuania), R. Bruzinskaite (Department of Infectious Diseases, Lithuanian Veterinary Academy), A. Marcinkute (Hospital of Infectious Diseases, Vilnius). Funding: Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO, project TCP/LIT/3001 (T)), SwissBalticNet (supporter: Gebert Rüf Stiftung), Bayer.

Animal model of canine angiostrongylosis Angiostrongylosis caused by the nematode species Angiostrongylus vasorum can cause severe respiratory symptoms in dogs due to lung parenchymal inflammations, hemorrhage and arterial thrombosis. A canine experimental model was established, in collaboration with the Danish Centre for Experimental Parasitology, for clinical research, development of new diagnostic methods and for investigating new control strategies.

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Institute members: P. Deplazes (project leader), M. Schnyder, A. Fahrion.

External collaborators: T. Glaus (Clinic for small animal internal medicine, Vetsuisse faculty, University of Zurich), P. Webster (Danish Centre for Experimental Parasitology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen).

Funding: Bayer. Transmission of Echinococcus in China and Central Asia Human cystic echinococcosis caused by the larval stage of the dog tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus is a zoonosis of significant public health importance in much of Central Asia. In particular, there has been a substantial increase in the transmission of the disease since the start of economic, social and agricultural reform after the end of Soviet administration in 1991. The annual human surgical incidence is now 10-20 cases per 100,000 in some regions of southern Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. This is four to five times higher than the period before independence from the Soviet Union. In order to design effective and cost-efficient intervention strategies, the dynamics of parasite transmission need to be thoroughly investigated. This project aims at contributing to this goal by using data from field investigations in Central Asia to devise mathematical models of the transmission dynamics. This will be achieved by a detailed investigation of prevalence and abundance of E. granulosus in definitive and intermediate host species, and by the investigation of socio-economic, cultural and ecological aspects that are of importance for the sustained transmission of E. granulosus. These data can then be exploited to simulate control strategies, to analyse the economic effects of the disease and to determine the cost of its control. In China, there is a particular problem of alveolar echinococcosis caused by Echinococcus multilocularis in certain communities in Sichuan province.

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In some Tibetan communities, ultrasound investigation has indicated a prevalence of up to 7%. The research being undertaken is part of a multidisciplinary approach, which aims to investigate the transmission of E. multilocularis in this region of rural China. The “transect” project includes partners in France, UK, USA, China and Japan. The group in Zurich is particularly interested in the transmission dynamics of E. multilocularis in the dog population, as this may be a spill over from the naturally occurring sylvatic cycle in the treeless montane region. Consequently, dogs that are infected by predating small mammals may be the most likely source of human infection. The project has recently received additional funding and one of the central aims is to develop deterministic-spatial models using Echinococcus as a model organism. Institute members: P.R. Torgerson (project leader), I. Ziadinov, D. Heinzmann. External collaborators: P. Craig, M. Danson (University of Salford, UK), Q. Jiamin, Y. Wen (Sichuan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chengdu, China), S. Dazhong (Dept. of Parasitology, Lanzhou Medical College, China), W. Xiaoming (Dept. of Biology, East China Normal University, Shanghai), W. Hao (Xinjiang Medical University, China), P. Giraudoux (University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France), P. Schantz (CDC, Atlanta, Georgia, USA), A. Ito (Asahikawa Medical University, Japan), K. Takahashi (Hokkaido Institute of Public Health, Japan), J. Zinsstag (Tropeninstitut Basel). Funding: USA Institutes for Health and US National Science Foundation (RO1 TWO1565-01).

Ecology of Echinococcus spp. and transmission to humans in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan Human alveolar echinococcosis caused by Echinococcus multilocularis is an emerging disease in many parts of the world, especially Europe and China. In Central Asia, there has been a dramatic increase in human cystic

echinococcosis caused by E. granulosus since the collapse of the Soviet Union demonstrating the dramatic increase in the transmission of zoonotic disease between dogs and man. Although E. multilocularis infection is widespread in foxes, for example in Europe, high levels of human disease are often only seen when

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associated domestic dogs become infected with this parasite. Recently, an intense focus of E. multilocularis infection in dogs has been observed in eastern Kazakhstan. This is a disturbing trend as close contact with humans makes the risk of human alveolar echinococcosis high in this region. This project therefore aims to have a multidisciplinary approach to investigate the epidemiology of E. multilocularis in this area using ecological surveillance, human surveillance, mathematical modelling and geographical information systems, including remote sensing. This will result in a construction of risk and transmission models for alveolar echinococcosis and hence the likelihood of human disease. It will also indicate the most effective means of controlling this extremely dangerous zoonosis. Such models will not only be of local significance but will be of fundamental importance in modelling the parasite transmission in other regions and in modelling other host parasite systems. Institute members: P.R. Torgerson (project leader), P. Deplazes, A. Mathis, I. Ziadinov. External collaborators: M. Danson (University of Salford, UK), B. Shaikenov (Institute of Zoology, Kazakh Academy of Sciences, Almaty, Kazakhstan), T. Abdyjaparov (Bishkek Medical Academy, Kyrgyzstan). Funding: INTAS (03-55-5661).

Burden of Parasitic Zoonoses The World Health Organisation (WHO) is undertaking a comprehensive study of the global burden of diseases (Budke et al., 2006). This study is directed to looking at the economic effects of all diseases to human society so recommendations to governments can be made to prioritise public health initiatives. As part of this initiative there are sections on zoonotic and foodborne disease which are of major interest to veterinary public health. This research is centred on developing estimates for the burden of zoonotic diseases so disease control priorities can be set. The main focus will be developing economic models and developing non monetary methods (such as DALYs) to measure disease burden on society. Other economic analytical techniques are also being developed.

Institute members: P.R. Torgerson (project leader). External collaborators: WHO and members of FERG. www.who.int/foodsafety/foodborne_disease/ferg_members/en/index.html Funding: WHO.

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Modelling of parasite transmissions The aims of this project are to attempt to develop better modelling systems for describing the transmission of parasites between hosts. In this respect we have chosen Echinococcus species, particularly E. granulosus as model organisms because we have access to much original abundance data of this parasite in definitive and intermediate hosts from several different study sites. Analysis of the transmission of Echinococcus granulosus has utilized a deterministic model described by a number of differential equations Using the data available and techniques such as maximum likelihood with a negative binomial likelihood function and Bayesian analysis using priors (such as the parasite life expectancy, 1/µ) available from experimental work has resulted in good progress in the mathematical description of the transmission. However, there are also significant problems associated with this approach. Consequently we are developing compartmental models and stochastic approaches which utilise the transmission between hosts with 0, 1, 2, 3,….. parasites. In other studies this has suggested that the aggregated pattern of parasite distribution seen in nature can have a more logical mathematical description then the arbitrary (but convenient) use of the negative binomial distribution. One of the problems with earlier approaches can be seen when analysing data from hosts with no observed parasites. Using the negative binomial function this can give an upper confidence limit of infinity of the population mean and higher than that from a sample of hosts where parasites are actually observed. Institute members: P. R. Torgerson (project leader), P. Deplazes, D. Heinzmann. External collaborator: A. Barbour (Institute of Mathematics, University of Zurich). Funding: NF grant (3152AO-07726).

Gastro-intestinal parasites of captive and free-ranging orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus) in Borneo, Indonesia, with focus on Strongyloides spp. Despite being a protected species, the endangered Borneo orangutan is severely threatened due to habitat destruction, hunting and illegal pet trade. Reintroduction centres in Borneo aim at protecting the species by confiscating captured individuals and releasing them back into the wild. The highly contagious Strongyloides spp. is one of the most common nematodes described in Borneo orangutans.

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However, it is unknown which species infects the ape and whether it is the same species found in humans. In addition, when compared to captive situations, only little is known about the distribution and prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasites in free-ranging orangutan populations. The project aims to determine the prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasites in free-ranging and rehabilitating Borneo orangutans, to obtain information on the anthropogenic influence on orangutan health, and to characterize Strongyloides spp. on species level, in order to increase knowledge on the range of parasites and the risks of transmission, infection and disease in wild and captive orangutans. The results of the study will allow a better understanding of how ecological and behavioral factors as well as management criteria affect parasite prevalence in wild and rehabilitating orangutans, respectively. Institute members: E. Labes, P. Deplazes, A. Mathis, F. Grimm, D. Hegglin. External collaborators: W. Nurcahyo, N. Wijayanti (Gadjah Mada University, Jogjakarta, Indonesia). Funding: Messerli Foundation.

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Diagnostische Dienstleistungen Das Diagnostikzentrum Parasitologie (DZP) war im Jahr 2000 als Abteilung am IPZ gegründet worden. Es hat die Aufgabe, die diagnostischen Dienstleistungen, die das IPZ im Auftrag der Vetsuisse-Fakultät und der Medizinischen Fakultät anbietet, durchzuführen. Das DZP ist seit dem 17.6.2002 als Labor für parasitologische Diagnostik in den Bereichen Veterinär- und Humanmedizin nach der Norm ISO/IEC 17025 (Akkreditierungsnummer: STS 346) akkreditiert. Im Jahr 2007 fand die erste Reakkreditierung durch die Schweizerische Akkreditierungsstelle statt, die äusserst positiv verlief. Der Geltungsbereich der Akkreditierung wurde erweitert. Neu aufgenommen wurden Methoden zum serologischen Nachweis von spezifischen anti-Fasciola- und anti-Babesia-Antikörpern beim Rind. Die parasitologische Diagnostik ist geprägt von einer breiten methodischen Vielfalt, einem sehr weiten Parasitenspektrum und äusserst unter-schiedlichen Probenmaterialien. So nahmen in den Berichtsjahren unter anderem die Untersuchungen von Reptilienkotproben zu. Unter der Supervision von PD Dr. Alexander Mathis wurde in den Berichtsjahren damit begonnen, die bisher etablierten klassischen Methoden der PCR auf Real Time PCR-Protokolle umzustellen. Diese Arbeiten sollen bis zur nächsten Überprüfung der Akkreditierung, welche im Herbst 2008 stattfinden wird, abgeschlossen sein. In den Berichtsjahren 2006 und 2007 sind vom IPZ insgesamt 43'126 Einzeluntersuchungen durchgeführt worden. Davon erfolgten 58% im Auftrag der Human- und 42% im Auftrag der Veterinärmedizin. Die Durchführung von Untersuchungen aus beiden Fachbereichen hat sich wiederum sehr bewährt. Die sehr ähnlichen oder gar identischen Untersuchungsmethoden lassen Synergien entstehen, die sinnvoll genutzt werden können. Die Untersuchungen, die hauptsächlich für das Universitätsspital und für das Tierspital durchgeführt werden, stellen zudem eine unerlässliche Erfahrungsquelle für Lehre und Forschung dar. Im humanmedizinischen Bereich besteht eine enge Zusammenarbeit und ein reger Erfahrungsaustausch mit der Abteilung Infektionskrankheiten und Spitalhygiene des USZ (Konsiliarius Prof. R. Weber) sowie mit der Klinik für Gastroenterologie und Hepatologie (PD Dr. B. Müllhaupt und Prof. R.W. Ammann). Das DZP beteiligt sich auch aktiv an Weiterbildungs-veranstaltungen.

Diagnostische Dienstleistungen

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Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter (Stand: Dezember 2007)

Abteilungsleiter: Grimm Felix 60%* Laborantinnen: Bodmer Susy 90% Boller Bettina 80% Ebeid Susanne 75% Kaspar-Witt Vera 80% Lauffer Judith 80% Suter Waltraud 50% * Prozentangaben beziehen sich auf Aktivität im Dienstleistungsbereich. Entwicklung, Etablierung, Evaluation und Durchführung molekularer Unter-suchungen erfolgen unter der Supervision von PD Dr. A. Mathis. Für spezielle Fragestellungen stehen dem DZP zudem externe Berater zur Seite.

Qualitätskontrollen

Das DZP ist im Bereich der humanparasitologischen Untersuchungen seit Jahren dem United Kingdom External Quality Assessment Scheme (UKNEQAS) angeschlossen. In den Jahren 2006 und 2007 wurden regelmässig Proben aus den Gebieten Toxoplasma-Serologie, Blut- und Stuhlparasiten untersucht. Die Qualitätsanforderungen wurden voll erfüllt. Im veterinärparasitologischen Bereich beteiligte sich das DZP erfolgreich an Ringversuchen zum Nachweis von Larven von Trichinella sp. in Fleischproben und zum quantitativen Nachweis von Helmintheneiern in Kotproben (McMaster-Verfahren). Untersuchungen

Die im DZP durchgeführten, parasitologisch/mikroskopischen, immun-ologischen und molekularen Untersuchungen für die Human- und Veterinärmedizin sind in den folgenden Tabellen zusammengefasst. Der grösste Teil der humanmedizinisch-parasitologischen Untersuchungen erfolgte im Auftrag des Universitätsspitals Zürich, während ein beachtlicher Teil der veterinärmedizinisch-parasitologischen Untersuchungen im Auftrag der Institute und Kliniken der Vetsuisse-Fakultät der Universität Zürich erfolgte. In diesen Zahlen sind zahlreiche weitere Untersuchungen, die das DZP im Rahmen von Forschungsprojekten durchführt, nicht enthalten.

Diagnostische Dienstleistungen

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Zusammenfassung aller Untersuchungen 2005/2006/2007

Humanmedizinische Parasitologie 2005 2006 2007

Parasitologische/Mikroskopische Untersuchungen 5’013 6’025 6’698

Immunologische Untersuchungen 5’171 5’965 5’680 Molekularbiologische Untersuchungen 229 476 430

Total 1 10’413 12’466 12‘808

Veterinärmedizinische Parasitologie 2005 2006 2007

Parasitologische/Mikroskopische Untersuchungen 5’890 6’219 7‘896

Immunologische Untersuchungen 2’008 1’783 1‘825 Molekularbiologische Untersuchungen 71 73 56

Total 2 7’969 8’075 9‘777

Human- und Veterinärmedizinische Parasitologie

2005 2006 2007

(Total 1 + Total 2) 18’382 20’541 22‘585 Einnahmen aus den diagnostischen Untersuchungen 2005/2006/2007 (nicht-verrechnete Untersuchungen für Kliniken/Institute und im Rahmen von epidemiologischen Projekten sind nicht berücksichtigt).

2005 2006 2007 Humanmedizinische Parasitologie 337'403.00¹ 379'645.95¹ 415'814.85¹Veterinärmedizinische Parasitologie

148'629.04¹ 132'331.71¹ 156'379.93¹

Total 486’032.04¹ 511'977.66¹ 572'194.78¹¹ Zahlen vom Laborsystem übernommen (ohne Berücksichtigung MwSt-Abzug)

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Publications 2006 and 2007 (members of IPZ in bold)

Original publications and reviews in peer-reviewed journals

Abo-Shehada, M.N., Batainah, T., Abuharfeil, N., Torgerson, P.R. (2006). Przhevalskiana silenus myiasis among slaughter goats in northernJordan. Vet. Parasitol. 137: 345-350. Al-Sabi, M.N.S., Kapel, C.M.O., Deplazes, P., Mathis, A. (2007). Comparative copro-diagnosis of Echinococcus multilocularis in experimentally infected foxes. Parasitol. Res. 101: 731-736. Artho, R., Schnyder, M., Kohler, L., Torgerson, P.R., Hertzberg, H. (2007). Avermectin-resistance in gastrointestinal nematodes of Boer goats and Dorper sheep in Switzerland. Vet. Parasitol. 144: 68-73. Balenghien, T., Vazeille, M., Reiter, P., Schaffner, F., Zeller, H., Bicout, D. J. (2007). Evidence of laboratory vector competence of Culex modestus for West Nile virus. J. American Mosquito Control Assoc. 23: 233-236. Becker, A., Lutz-Wohlgroth, L., Brugnera, E., Lu, Z.H., Zimmermann, D.R., Grimm, F., Grosse, E., Kaps, S., Spiess, B., Pospischil, A., Vaughan, L. (2007). Intensively kept pigs pre-disposed to chlamydial associated conjunctivitis. J. Vet. Med. 54: 307-313. Bleul, U., Schwantag, S., Stocker, H., Corboz, L., Grimm, F., Engels, M., Borel, N., Lutz, H., Schonmann, M., Kahn, W. (2006). Floppy kid syndrome caused by D-lactic acidosis in goat kids. J. Vet. Int. Med. 4: 1003-1008. Bruzinskaite, R., Marcinkute, A., Strupas, K., Sokolovas, V., Deplazes, P., Mathis, A., Eddi, C., Sarkunas, M. (2007). Alveolar echinococcosis, Lithuania. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 13: 1618-1619. Budke, C.M., Deplazes, P., Torgerson, P.R. (2006). Global socioeconomic impact of Cystic Echinococcosis. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 12: 296-303. Chanez, A.-L., Hehl, A.B., Engstler, M., Schneider, A. (2006). Ablation of the single dynamin of T. brucei blocks mitochondrial fission and endocytosis and leads to a precise cytokinesis arrest. J. of Cell Science 119: 2968-2974. Deplazes, P., Staebler, S., Gottstein, B. (2006). Reisemedizin parasitärer Erkrankungen des Hundes. Schweiz. Arch. Tierheilk. 148: 447-461.

Publications

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Eckert, J.*, Ossent, P. (2006). Haycocknema-like nematodes in muscle fibres of a horse. Vet. Parasitol. 139: 256-261. Eckert, J.* (2007). Historische Aspekte der Echinococcose – einer uralten, aber noch immer relevanten Zoonose. Schweiz. Arch. Tierheilk. 149: 5-14. Faessler, H., Torgerson, P.R., Hertzberg, H. (2007). Failure of Duddingtonia flagrans to reduce gastrointestinal nematode infections in dairy ewes. Vet. Parasitol. 147: 96-102. Gaechter, V., Schraner, E., Wild, P., Hehl, A.B. (2007). The single dynamin family protein in the primitive protozoan Giardia lamblia is essential for stage conversion and endocytic transport. Traffic 2008 9: 57-71. Heckendorn, F., Häring, D.A., Maurer, V., Zinsstag, J., Langhans, W., Hertzberg, H. (2006). Effect of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) silage and hay on established populations of Haemonchus contortus and Cooperia curticei in lambs. Vet. Parasitol. 142: 293-300. Heckendorn, F., Häring, D.A., Maurer, V., Senn, M., Hertzberg, H. (2007). Individual administration of three tanniferous forage plants to lambs artificially infected with Haemonchus contortus and Cooperia curticei. Vet. Parasitol. 146: 123-134. Hegglin, D., Bontadina, F., Contesse, P., Gloor, S., Deplazes, P. (2007). Plasticity of predation behaviour as a putative driving force for parasite life-cycle dynamics: the case of urban foxes and Echinococcus multilocularis tapeworm. Functional Ecology 21: 552-560. Hehl, A.B., Hemphill, A. (2006). The use of light- and electron microscopy for studies on the cell – and molecular biology of parasites and parasitic diseases. Schweiz. Arch. Tierheilk. 148: 473-481. Hehl, A.B., Regös, A., Schraner, E., Schneider, A. (2007). Bax function in the absence of mitochondria in the primitive protozoan Giardia lamblia. PLoS ONE 2: e488. Hernandez, Y., Castillo, C., Roychowdhury, S., Hehl, A.B., Aley, S.B., Das, S. (2007). Clathrin-dependent pathways and the cytoskeleton network are involved in ceramide endocytosis by a parasitic protozoan, Giardia lamblia. Int. J. Parasitol. 37: 21-32. Hertzberg, H., Kohler, L. (2006). Prevalence and significance of gastrointestinal helminths and protozoa in South American Camelids in Switzerland. Berl. Münch. Tierärztl. Wochenschr. 119: 291-294.

Publications

34

Hertzberg, H., Sager, H. (2006). Problematik des Helminthenbefalls bei Hauswiederkäuern in der Schweiz: Aktuelle Perspektiven. Schweiz. Arch. Tierheilk. 148: 511-521. Hilpertshauser, H., Deplazes, P., Schnyder, M., Gern, L., Mathis, A. (2006). Babesia spp. identified by PCR in ticks collected from domestic and wild ruminants in Southern Switzerland. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 72: 6503-6507. Hilpertshauser, H., Deplazes, P., Meli, M.L., Hofmann-Lehmann, R., Lutz, H., Mathis, A. (2007). Genotyping of Babesia bigemina from cattle from a non-endemic area (Switzerland). Vet. Parasitol. 145: 59-64. Hoby, S., Robert, N., Mathis, A., Schmid, N., Meli, M.L., Hofmann-Lehmann, R., Lutz, H., Deplazes, P., Ryser-Degiorgis, M.-P. (2007). Babesiosis in free-ranging chamois (Rupicapra r. rupicapra) from Switzerland. Vet. Parasitol. 148: 341-345. Hoelzle, K., Grimm, J., Ritzmann, M., Heinritzi, K., Torgerson, P.R., Hamburger, A., Wittenbrink, M.M., Hoelzle, L.E. (2007). Use of recombinant antigens to detect antibodies against Mycoplasma suis, with correlation of serological results to hematological findings. Clin. Vaccine Immunol. 14: 1616-1622. Jacober, Ph., Ochs, H., Torgerson, P.R., Schnyder, M., Deplazes, P.(2006). A method for sheep scab control by applying selective treatment based on flock serology. Vet. Parasitol. 136: 373-378. Kaal, J.F., Baker, K., Torgerson, P.R. (2006). Epidemiology of flea infestation of ruminants in Libya. Vet. Parasitol. 141: 313-318. Kapel, C.M.O., Torgerson, P.R., Thompson, R.C.A, Deplazes, P. (2006). Reproductive potential of Echinococcus multilocularis in experimentally infected foxes, dogs, raccoon dogs and cats. Int. J. Parasitol. 36: 79-86. Lutz-Wohlgroth, L., Becker, A., Brugnera, E., Huat, Z.L., Zimmermann, D., Grimm, F., Haessig, M., Greub, G., Kaps, S., Spiess, B., Pospischil, A., Vaughan, L. (2006). Chlamydiales in guinea-pigs and their zoonotic potential. J. Vet. Med. 53: 185-193. Mathis, A., Hilpertshauser, H., Deplazes, P. (2006). Piroplasmen der Wiederkäuer in der Schweiz und zoonotische Bedeutung der Babesien. Schweiz. Arch. Tierheilk. 148: 151-159. Mathis, A., Deplazes, P. (2006). Copro-DNA tests for diagnosis of animal taeniid cestodes. Parasitol. Int. 55: 87-90.

Publications

35

Morgan, E.R., Lundervold, M., Medley, G.F., Shaikenov, B.S., Torgerson, P.R., Milner-Gulland, E.J. (2006). Assessing risks of disease transmission between wildlife and livestock: The Saiga antelope as a case study. Biol. Conserv. 131: 244-254. Morgan, E.R., Torgerson, P.R., Shaikenov, B.S., Usenbayev, A.E., Moore, A.B.M., Medley, G.F., Milner-Gulland, E.J. (2006). Agricultural restructuring and gastrointestinal parasitism in domestic ruminants on the rangelands of Kazakhstan. Vet. Parasitol. 139: 180-191. Morgan, E.R., Medley, G.F., Torgerson, P.R., Shaikenov, B.S., Milner-Gulland, E.J. (2007). Parasite transmission in a migratory multiple host system. Ecological Modelling 200: 511-520. Morrison, H.G., McArthur, A.G., Gillin, F.D., Aley, S.B., Adam, R.D., Olsen, G.J., Best, A.A., Cande, W.Z., Cheng, F., Cipriano, M.J., Davids, B.J., Dawson, S.C., Elmendorf, H.G., Hehl, A.B., Holder, M.E., Huse, S.M., Kim, U.U., Lasek-Nesselquist, E., Manning, G., Nigam, A., Nixon, J.E., Palm, D., Passamaneck, N.E., Prabhu, A., Reich, C., Reiner, D.S., Samuelson, J., Svard, S.G., Sogin, M.L. (2007). Genomic minimalism in the early diverging intestinal parasite Giardia lamblia. Science 317: 1921-1926. Poncon, N., Balenghien, T., Toty, C., Ferré, J. B., Thomas, C., Dervieux, A., L’Ambert, G., Schaffner, F., Bardin, O., Fontenille, D. (2007). Effects of local anthropogenic changes on potential malaria vector Anopheles hyrcanus and West Nile virus vector Culex modestus, Camargue, France. Emerg. Infects. Dis. 13: 1810-1815. Poncon, N., Toty, C., L’Ambert, G., Le Goff, G., Brengues, C., Schaffner, F., Fontenille, D. (2007). Population dynamics of pest mosquitoes and potential malaria and West Nile virus vectors in relation to climatic factors and human activities in the Camargue, France. Med. Vet. Entomolgy 21: 350-357. Poncon, N., Toty, C., L’Ambert, G., Le Goff, G., Brengues, C., Schaffner, F., Fontenille, D. (2007). Biology and dynamics of potential malaria vectors in Southern France. Malaria Journal 6: 18. Rapsch, C., Schweizer, G., Grimm, F., Kohler, L., Bauer, C., Deplazes, P., Braun, U., Torgerson, P.R. (2006). Estimating the true prevalence of Fasciola hepatica in cattle slaughtered in Switzerland in the absence of an absolute diagnostic test. Int. J. Parasitol. 36: 1153-1158.

Publications

36

Reperant, L.A., Hegglin, D., Fischer, C., Kohler, L., Weber J-M., Deplazes, P. (2007). Influence of urbanization on the epidemiology of intestinal helminths of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in Geneva, Switzerland. Parasitol. Res. 101: 605-611. Rüegg, S.R., Torgerson, P.R., Doherr, M.G., Deplazes, P., Böse, R., Robert, N., Walzer, C. (2006). Equine piroplasmoses at the reintroduction site of the przewalski’s horse (Equus ferus przewalskii) in Mongolia. J. Wildl. Dis. 42: 518-526. Rüegg, S.R., Torgerson, P.R., Deplazes, P., Mathis, A. (2007). Age-dependent dynamics of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in southwest Mongolia based on IFAT and /or PCR prevalence data from domestic horses and ticks. Parasitology 134: 939-947. Sager, H., Steiner Moret, Ch., Grimm, F., Deplazes, P., Doherr, M.G., Gottstein, B. (2006). Coprological study on intestinal helminths in Swiss dogs: temporal aspects of anthelminthic treatment. Parasitol. Res. 98: 333-338. Schweiger, A., Ammann, R.W, Candinas, D., Clavien, P.-A., Eckert, J.*, Gottstein, B., Halkic, N., Muellhaupt, B., Prinz, B. M., Reichen, J., Tarr, P. E., Torgerson, P.R., Deplazes, P. (2007). Human alveolar echinococcosis after fox population increase, Switzerland. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 6: 878-882. Schweizer, G., Ehrensperger, F., Torgerson, P.R., Braun, U. (2006). Clinical findings and treatment of 94 cattle presumptively diagnosedwith listeriosis. Vet. Rec. 158: 588-592. Schweizer, G., Grünenfelder, F., Sydler, T., Rademacher, N., Braun, U., Deplazes, P. (2006). Importierte Coenurose beim Schaf. Schweiz. Arch. Tierheilk. 148: 490-499. Schweizer, G., Meli, M.L., Torgerson, P.R., Lutz, H., Deplazes, P., Braun U. (2007). Prevalence of Fasciola hepatica in the intermediate host Lymnaea truncatula detected by real time TaqMan PCR in populations from 70 Swiss farms with cattle husbandry. Vet. Parasitol. 150: 164-169. Sonda, S., Hehl, A.B. (2006). Lipid biology of Apicomplexa: perspectives for new drug targets, particularly for Toxoplasma gondii. Trends Parasitol. 22: 41-47. Sonda, S., Stefanic, S., Hehl, A.B. (2007). A sphingolipid inhibitor induces a cytokinesis arrest and blocks stage differentiation in Giardia lamblia. Antimicrob. Agents and Chemother. 52: 563-569.

Publications

37

Staebler, S., Grimm, F., Glaus, T., Kapel, C.M.O., Haller, M., Hasler,A., Hanosset, R., Deplazes, P. (2006). Serological diagnosis of canine alveolar echinococcosis. Vet. Parasitol. 141: 243-250. Staebler, S., Steinmetz, H., Keller, S., Deplazes, P. (2007). First description of natural Echinococcus multilocularis infections in chinchilla (Chinchilla laniger) and Prevost’s squirrel (Callosciurus prevostii borneoensis). Parasitol. Res. 101: 1725-1727. Stefanic, S., Palm, D., Svärd, S.G., Hehl, A.B. (2006). Organelle proteomics reveals cargo maturation mechanisms associated with Golgi-like encystations vesicles in the early-diverged protozoan Giardia lamblia. J. Biol. Chem. 11: 7595-7604. Stumpe, K.D.M., Renner-Schneiter, E.C., Kuenzle, A.K., Grimm, F., Kadry, Z., Clavien, P.-A., Deplazes, P., von Schulthess, G.K., Muellhaupt, B., Ammann, R.W., Renner, E.L. (2007). F-18-Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron-emission tomography of Echinococcus multilocularis liver lesions: prospective evaluation of its value for diagnosis and follow-up during benzimidazole therapy. Infection 35: 11-18. Szeredi, L., Pospischil, A., Dencsö, L., Mathis, A., Dobos-Kovacs, M. (2007). A case of equine abortion caused by Encephalitozoon sp. Acta Vet. Hungarica 55: 525-532. Tanner, F., Hegglin, D., Thoma, R., Brosi, G., Deplazes, P. (2006). Echinococcus multilocularis in Graubünden: Verbreitung bei Füchsen und Vorkommen potentieller Zwischenwirte. Schweiz. Arch. Tierheilk. 148: 501-510. Thompson, R.C., Kapel, C.M.O., Hobbs, R.P., Deplazes, P. (2006). Comparative development of Echinococcus multilocularis in itsdefinitive hosts. Parasitology 1: 1-8. Torgerson, P.R. (2006). Canid immunity to Echinococcus spp.: impact on transmission. Paras. Immunol. 28: 295-303. Torgerson, P.R. (2006). Mathematical models for the control of cystic echinococcosis. Parasitol. Int. 55: 253-258. Torgerson, P.R., Oguljahan, B., Muminov, A.E., Karaeva, R.R., Kuttubaev, O., Aminjanov, M., Shaikenov, B. (2006). Present situation of cystic echinococcosis in Central Asia. Parasitol. Int. 55: 207-212. Trachsel, D., Deplazes, P., Mathis, A. (2007). Identification of taeniid eggs in the faeces from from carnivores based on multiplex PCR using targets in mitochondrial DNA. Parasitology 134: 911-920.

Publications

38

Tschuor, A.C., Sydler, T., Rauch, S., Hertzberg, H., Gendotti, M., Schweizer, G. (2006). Zerebrospinale Nematodose beim Schaf in der Schweiz. Schweiz. Arch. Tierheilk. 148: 609-614. Willi, B., Boretti, F.S., Meli, M.L., Bernasconi, M.V., Casati, S., Hegglin, D., Puorger, M., Neimark, H., Cattori, V., Wengi, N., Reusch, C.E., Lutz, H., Hofmann-Lehmann, R. (2007). Real-time PCR investigation of potential vectors, reservoirs and shedding patterns of feline hemotropic mycoplasmas. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73: 3798-3802. * Professor emeritus for parasitology of the University of Zurich and former director of the IPZ.

Original publications and reviews in non-reviewed journals and Abstracts

Bates, P., Schnyder, M., Grimm, F., Deplazes, P. (2007). Comparison of clinical signs, ear swabbing and ELISA for the diagnosis of sub-clinical ovine Psoroptic otacariasis. Abstr. 21st International Conference WAAVP: p. 454. Bates, P., Schnyder, M., Rankin, M., Clifford, D., Grimm, F., Deplazes, P. (2007). Efficacy of an improved ELISA to diagnose sub-clinical ovine Psoroptic mange (Sheep Scab). Abstr. 21st International Conference WAAVP: p. 455. Bostedt, H., Brunnberg, L., Eckert, J.*, Hiepe, T., Martens, H. (Hrsg). (2007). Zur Rolle der Veterinärmedizin in Forschung und Gesellschaft. Nova acta Leopoldina 95: 1-228. Bruzinskaite, R., Marcinkute, A., Deplazes, P., Mathis, A., Eddi, C., Sarkunas, M. (2007). Epidemiology of Echinococcus multilocularis in Lithuania. Abstr. XII International Congress of Hydatidology: p. 57. Deplazes, P. (2006). Ecology and epidemiology of Echinococcus multilocularis in Europe. Parassitologia 48: 37-39. Deplazes, P. (2006). Reisemedizin parasitärer Erkrankungen des Hundes. Abstr. Tagung der DVG-Fachgruppe: Parasitologie und parasitäre Krankheiten, Wetzlar: p. 92. Deplazes, P., Hegglin, D. (2007). Fuchsbandwurm: In der Schweiz erkranken deutlich mehr Menschen an Alveolärer Echinococcose. BVET-Magazin 3/2007: 2-4. Deplazes, P., Stäbler, S. (2006). Reisemedizin parasitärer Erkrankungen des Hundes. Kongress Spiegel DVG 2006 1: 1.

Publications

39

Flütsch, F., Deplazes, P. (2007). Rinderbandwurm – einfacher Zyklus und schwierige Bekämpfung. BVET-Magazin 3/2007: 5-6. Heckendorn, F., Maurer, V., Senn, M., Hertzberg, H. (2006). Esparsette (Onobrychis viciifolia) als mögliche Futterpflanze zur Kontrolle von Magen-Darm-Strongyloiden bei Schafen. Abstr. Tagung der DVG-Fachgruppe: Parasitologie und parasitäre Krankheiten, Wetzlar: p. 50. Hegglin, D., Deplazes, P. (2007). Long term-effects of praziquantel baiting of foxes on E. multilocularis infection pressure. Abstr. XII International Congress of Hydatidology: p. 112. Hegglin, D., Gloor, S., Deplazes, P. (2006). Ganz schön frech – Füchse in Zürich. BVET-Magazin 6/2006: 20-22. Hegglin, D., Tanner, F., Deplazes, P. (2007). Der Fuchsbandwurm: Verbreitung bei Füchsen und Vorkommen potentieller Zwischenwirte. Kleinsäugerforschung in Graubünden: p. 4. Hoby, S., Schmid, N., Mathis, A., Deplazes, P., Robert, N., Ryser, M.-P. (2007). Epizootiological investigations after fatal Babesia sp. infections in chamois from Switzerland. Verhandlungsberichte der Erkrankungen der Zootiere 43: 42-44 Malacrida, F., Schnyder, M., Bacciarini, L., Deplazes, P. (2006). Autochthones Vorkommen von Thelazia callipaeda in der Südschweiz. Abstr. Tagung der DVG-Fachgruppe: Parasitologie und parasitäre Krankheiten, Wetzlar: p. 95. Mathis, A. (2007). Insekten und Zecken als Krankheitsüberträger. BVET-Magazin 1/2007: 2-5. Sarkunas, M., Bruzinskaite, R., Marcinkute, A., Eddi, C., Mathis, A., Deplazes, P. (2007). Echinococcus granulosus in pigs and dogs from small farms in South West Lithuania. Abstr. XII International Congress of Hydatidology: p. 92. Sarkunas, M., Bruzinskaite, R., Marcinkute, A., Mathis, A., Deplazes, P. (2007). Prevalence of Echinococcus multilocularis in wild and domestic hosts in Lithuania. Abstr. 21st International Conference WAAVP: p. 143. Scharenberg, A., Arrigo, Y., Heckendorn, F., Hertzberg, H., Gutzwiller, A., Hess, H.D., Kreuzer, M., Dohme, F. (2007). Protein balance of lambs infected with Haemonchus contortus and fed tanniniferous sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia). Proceedings of the 2nd International symposium on energy and protein metabolism nutrition, Fichy, France, EAAP publication 124: 407-408.

Publications

40

Schnyder, M., Kohler, L., Hemphill, A., Deplazes, P. (2007). Prophylactic and therapeutic use of nitazoxanide against cryptosporidiosis in calves. Abstr. 21st International Conference WAAVP: p. 490. Shaikenov, B.S., Masenov, B.B., Rysmukhambetova, A.T., Torgerson, P.R. (2007). The transmission of alveolar echinococcosis in synantropic biocoenosis in Kazakhstan. Abstr. XII International Congress of Hydatidology: p. 93. Torgerson, P.R., Budke, C. (2007). Methods for global burden assessment: Echinococcosis. Abstr. XII International Congress of Hydatidology: p. 66. Torgerson, P.R., Schweiger, A., Deplazes, P., Reichen, J., Ammann, R.W., Muellhaupt, B. (2007). Estimates of human disease burden of alveolar echinococcosis in Switzerland. Abstr. XII International Congress of Hydatidology: p. 63. Vavricka, S.R., Prinz, M., Mari, D., Deplazes, P., Fried, M., Ammann, R.W., Muellhaupt, B. (2007). Biliary complications of human alveolar echinococcosis. Swiss echinococcal study group (1976-2004). Abstr. XII International Congress of Hydatidology: p. 48. Willi, B., Boretti, F.S., Meli, M.L., Bernasconi, M.V., Casati, S., Hegglin, D., Puorger, M., Neimark, H., Cattori, V., Wengi, N., Reusch, C.E., Lutz, H., Hofmann-Lehmann, R. (2007). Real-time PCR investigation of possible transmission routes and reservoirs of feline hemoplasmas. J. Vet. Med. intern 21: p. 579. Ziadinov, I., Deplazes, P., Torgerson, P.R. (2007). Modelling the age variation of larval Echinococcosis granulosus biomass in sheep. Abstr. XII International Congress of Hydatidology: p. 106. Ziadinov, I., Mathis, A., Trachsel, D., Rysmuhambetova, A., Abdykerimov, K., Abdyjaparov, T., Deplazes, P., Torgerson, P.R. (2007). Canine echinococcosis in Kyrgystan. Abstr. 21st International Conference WAAVP: p. 142. Ziadinov, I., Mathis, A., Trachsel, D., Rysmukhambetova, A., Abdykerimov, K., Abdyjaparov, T., Deplazes, P., Torgerson, P.R. (2007). Canine echinococcosis in Kyrgyzstan. Abstr. XII International Congress of Hydatidology: p. 79.

Publications

41

Doctoral and master theses

Amitirigala, I. M. (2007). Prävalenz intestinaler Parasiten bei Kindern in Waisenhäusern in Sri Lanka. Dissertation (Dr. med.), Medizinische Fakultät, Universität Zürich. Artho, R. (2006). Avermectin-resistance in gastrointestinal nematodes of Boer goats and Dorper sheep in Switzerland. Dissertation (Dr. med. vet.), Vetsuisse-Fakultät, Universität Zürich. Fahrion, A. (2007). Patent Toxocara canis infections in previously exposed and in helminth-free dogs after infection with low numbers of embroynated eggs. Dissertation (Dr. med. vet.), Vetsuisse-Fakultät, Universität Zürich. Fässler, H.P. (2007). Failure of Duddingtonia flagrans to reduce gastrointestinal nematode infections in dairy ewes. Dissertation (Dr. med. vet.), Vetsuisse-Fakultät, Universität Zürich. Hilpertshauser, H. (2006). Babesia spp. identified by PCR in ticks collected from domestic and wild ruminants in Southern Switzerland. Dissertation (Dr. med. vet.), Vetsuisse-Fakultät, Universität Zürich. Tanner, F. (2006). Echinococcus multilocularis in Graubünden: Verbreitung bei Füchsen und Vorkommen potentieller Zwischenwirte. Dissertation (Dr. med. vet.), Vetsuisse-Fakultät, Universität Zürich. Trachsel, D. (2007). Identification of taeniid eggs in the faeces from carnivores based on multiplex PCR using targets in mitochondrial DNA. Dissertation (Dr. med. vet.), Vetsuisse-Fakultät, Universität Zürich. Books

Gloor, S., Bontadina, F., Hegglin, D. (2006). Stadtfüchse: Ein Wildtier erobert den Siedlungsraum. Haupt Verlag, Bern. Kayser, F.H., Bienz, K.A., Eckert, J.*, Zinkernagel, R.M. (2007). Mikrobiologia Lekarska (Polnische Uebersetzung von Kayser et al.: Medical Microbiology. G. Thieme, Stuttgart). Redakcja naukowa tumaczenia Piotr B. Heczko, Agata Pietrzyk. Warschau, Polen.

* Professor emeritus for parasitology of the University of Zurich and former director of the IPZ.

Publications

42

Book contributions

Deplazes, P., Garcia, L.S., Shimizu, R.Y. (2007). Manual of Clinical Microbiology. Chapter: Specimen collection, transport and processing: Parasitology. In: Murray, P.R., Baron, E.J., Jorgensen, J.H., Landry, M.L., Pfaller, M.A. (eds.), ASM Press, Washington, USA. Weber, R., Mathis, A., Deplazes, P. (2007). Manual of Clinical Microbiology. Chapter: Microsporidia. In: Murray, P.R., Baron, E.J., Jorgensen, J.H., Landry, M.L., Pfaller, M.A. (eds.), ASM Press, Washington, USA. Tenter, A.M., Deplazes, P. (2006). Veterinärmedizinische Parasitologie: Protozoeninfektionen von Hund und Katze. In: Schnieder T. (ed.), Parey MVS Medizinverlag, Stuttgart. Deplazes, P. (2006). Veterinärmedizinische Parasitologie: Helminthosen von Hund und Katze. In: Schnieder, T. (ed.), Parey MVS Medizinverlag, Stuttgart. Scholte, E.-J., Schaffner, F. (2007). Emerging pests and vector-borne diseases in Europe. Chapter 14: Waiting for the tiger: establishment and spread of the Aedes albopictus mosquito in Europe. In: Takken, W., Knols, G. J., (eds.), Wagening Academic Publishers, Wagening, Holland. Torgerson, P.R., Budke, C.M. (2006). Toxocara: The Enigmatic Parasite. Chapter: Economic impact of Toxocara spp. In: Holland, C.V. (ed.), CABI International, Oxfordshire.

43

Conference reports, lectures and posters Plenary lectures and invited papers at scientific congresses

Deplazes, P.: Ecology and epidemiology of Echinococcus multilocularis in Europe. XXIV Congresso Nazionale SoIPa, Messina, 21.-24.6.2006. Deplazes, P.: Epidemiologie von E. multilocularis in der Schweiz. Symposium: Echinococcose in der Schweiz, Zürich, 8.9.2006. Deplazes, P.: Reisemedizin parasitärer Erkrankungen des Hundes. DVG-Tagung, Wetzlar, 7.-9.6.2006. Deplazes, P.: Wilderness in the city and zoonotic transmission of parasites. The Northern Californian Parasitologists, Spring Meeting, Marshall CA, USA, 21.04.2007. Eckert, J.*: Historische Anmerkungen zur Therapie der Echinococcose. Symposium: Echinococcose in der Schweiz, Zürich, 8.9.2006. Hegglin, D.: Ökologische Aspekte und Bekämpfungsstrategien. Symposium: Echinococcose in der Schweiz, Zürich, 8.9.2006. Hehl, A.B.: Biosynthesis and maturation of encystation-specific vesicles in Giardia lamblia. Molecular Parasitology Meeting, Woods Hole, USA, 16.-20.09.2007. Hehl, A.B.: Biosynthesis and maturation of encystation-specific vesicles in Giardia lamblia. 2nd International Giardia and Cryptosporidium Conference, Morelia, Mexiko, 13.-18.05.2007. Hehl, A.B.: The encystation specific vescicles (ESV) of Giardia. Workshop: Giardia duodenalis: a novel eukaryotic model for developmental and cellular biology. Istituto Superiore Di Sanita, Rom, Italien, 6.4.2006. Hertzberg, H.: Alternative approaches for the control of gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminants: Current status. Symposium on gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminants, Trenthorst, 6.10.2006. Hertzberg, H.: Anthelminthika-Resistenz. Frühjahrstagung Schweizerische Vereinigung der Veterinärlabordiagnostik (SVVLD), Olten, 12.04.2007. Sonda, S.: Essential role of multidrug resistance proteins in the biology of Toxoplasma gondii. COST Action 857, 3rd Annual Workshop, Dresden, 17.-20.5.2006. Sonda, S.: Essential role of multidrug resistance proteins in the biology of Toxoplasma gondii. Gordon Research Conference, Salve Regina University, Newport RI, 25.-30.6.2006. Stefanic, S., Hehl, A.B.: Cell organelles of protozoan parasites: from basic science to drug targets. Extended COST B-22 Expert Meeting, Prag, 5.-7.6.2006. Torgerson, P.R.: Evaluation of economic costs of echinococcosis. 22nd International Congress of Hydatidology, Athen, Griechenland, 15.-19.05.2007. Torgerson, P.R.: Transmission dynamic modelling. International Workshop on treatment, prevention and control of Echinococcosis in tibetan communities, Chengdu, China, 5.-8.5.2006. * Professor emeritus for parasitology of the University of Zurich and former director of the IPZ.

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Oral communications and posters (P) at scientific meetings and seminars Abbreviations: DVG = Deutsche Veterinärmedizinische Gesellschaft; DGP = Deutsche Gesellschaft für Parasitologie; SGG = Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Gastroenterologie; SGVC = Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Viszeralchirurgie; SASL = Swiss Association for the Study of the Liver; WAAVP = World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology; COST = European Cooperation in the field of Scientific and Technical Research.

Artho, R., Schnyder, M., Kohler, L., Torgerson, P.R., Hertzberg, H.: Avermectin-resistance in gastrointestinal nematodes of Boer goats and Dorper sheep in Switzerland. EU-COST Workshop, Budapest, 22.4.2006. Bates, P., Schnyder, M., Grimm, F., Deplazes, P.: Comparison of clinical signs, ear swabbing and ELISA for the diagnosis of sub-clinical ovine Psoroptic otacariasis. 21st International Conference WAAVP, Gent, Belgien, 19.-23.08.07 (P). Bates, P., Schnyder, M., Rankin, M., Clifford, D., Grimm, F., Deplazes, P.: Efficacy of an improved ELISA to diagnose sub-clinical ovine Psoroptic mange (sheep scab). 21st International Conference WAAVP, Gent, Belgien, 19.-23.08.07 (P). Bottova, I.: Essential role of P-gp in Toxoplasma gondii replication. 1st Three Countries Joint Meeting: French Society of Parasitology, German Society of Parasitology, Swiss Society of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Strassburg, Frankreich, 13.-16.06.07 (P). Deplazes, P.: Risk factors for bovine cysticercosis in Switzerland. 21st International Conference WAAVP, Gent, Belgien, 19.-23.08.2007. Esposito, M., Müller, N., Müller, J., Naguleswaran, A., Mathis, A., Hemphill, A.: In vitro efficacy of nitazoxanide and other thiazolides against Neospora caninum and Cryptosporidium parvum reveals anti-parasitic activity against apicomplexan parasites independent of the nitro group. 22. Jahrestagung der DGP, Wien, 22.2.-25.2.2006. Fahrion, A.: Induction of patent Toxocara canis infections in previously exposed and in helminth-free dogs after low-dose inoculations with embryonated eggs. 21st International Conference WAAVP, Gent, Belgien, 19.-23.08.2007. Fahrion, A.: Patente Toxocara-canis-Infektionen in jungen Hunden mit und ohne vorausgegangenem Erregerkontakt nach niedrig dosierter Inokulation mit infektiösen Eiern. DVG-Tagung, Celle, Deutschland, 04.-06.06.2007. Fahrion, A.: Toxocara canis egg shedders beyond puppy age. Curiosity or normality? An infection study. Meeting for Doctoral Students in Parasitology and Tropical Medicine in Switzerland, Schloss Münchenwiler, Murten, 04.-05.12.2007. Gaechter, V., Hehl, A.B.: Characterisation of a dynamin-like protein in Giardia: GiDLP is essential for cyst formation and endocytosis. 22. Jahrestagung der DGP, Wien, 22.2.-25.2.2006. Grimm, F.: Acanthamoeba species in keratitis patients. Parasite identification in corneal, tap water and soil samples. 1st Three Countries Joint Meeting: French Society of Parasitology, German Society of Parasitology, Swiss Society of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Strassburg, Frankreich, 13.-16.06.07 (P).

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Heckendorn, F., Maurer, V., Langhans, W., Hertzberg, H.: Esparsette (Onobrychis viciifolia) als mögliche bioaktive Futterpflanze für die Kontrolle von Magen-Darm-Strongyliden bei Schafen. 22. Jahrestagung der DGP, Wien, 22.2.-25.2.2006. Heckendorn, F., Maurer, V., Senn, M., Hertzberg, H.: Bioaktive Futterpflanzen für die Kontrolle von Magen-Darm-Strongyliden bei Schafen. DVG-Tagung, Wetzlar, 7.-9.6.2006. Heckendorn, F., Maurer, V., Senn, M., Hertzberg, H.: Esparsette (Onobrychis viciifolia) als mögliche Futterpflanze zur Kontrolle von Magen-Darm-Strongyloiden bei Schafen. DVG-Tagung, Wetzlar, 7.-9.6.2006. Hegglin, D.: Der Fuchsbandwurm: Verbreitung bei Füchsen und Vorkommen potentieller Zwischenwirte. Tagung Kleintiersäugerforschung in Graubünden, Naturmuseum Chur, 20.09.2007. Hegglin, D.: Long term-effects of praziquantel baiting of foxes on E. multilocularis infection pressure. 22nd International Congress of Hydatidology, Athen, Griechenland, 15.-19.05.2007. Hehl, A.B., Gaechter, V., Stefanic, S.: A dynamin-related mechanoenzyme in the primitive Eukaryote Giardia lamblia is essential for endocytic and exocytic transport. American Society for Cell Biology 46th Annual Meeting, San Diego CA, USA, 09.-13.12.06 (P). Heinzmann, D., Barbour, A., Torgerson, P.R.: A stochastic two-host model for cystic echinococcsis. 27th Annual Conference of the international society for clinical biostatistic (ISCB), Genf, 30.8.2006. Heinzmann, D.: Deterministic and stochastic modeling: An application to infectious diseases. Zürich Interaction Seminar, ETH Zürich, 03.12.2007. Heinzmann, D.: Hierarchical poisson models for nonzero count estimation. Swiss statistics meeting, Luzern, 16.11.2007. Heinzmann, D.: Hierarchical poisson models for nonzero count estimation. Workshop Recent advances in the statistical analysis of count and survival data, Zürich, 25.09.2007. Heinzmann, D.: Hurdle models for Echinococcosis granulosus. Workshop in Infectious Disease Biology, Zürich, 18.04.2007. Heinzmann, D.: Modeling of parasitic transmission dynamics. III Cycle romand de statistique et de probabilite appliquee, Ovronnaz, 13.09.2007 Heinzmann, D.: Statistical issues in the transmission dynamics of Echinococcus species. NIH2 Progress meeting, University of Salford, Salford, UK, 19.01.2007. Heinzmann, D.: Stochastic Modeling of Cystic Echinococcosis. 10th Bioforum, Liège, Belgien, 17.05.06 (P). Heinzmann, D.: Stochastic Modeling of Parasitic Diseases. Swiss Statistic Meeting, Lugano, 16.11.2006. Hertzberg, H.: Resistenzprobleme in der Parasitenbekämpfung. Frühjahrstagung Schweizerische Vereinigung der Veterinärlabordiagnostik (SVVLD), Olten, 12.04.2007. Hilpertshauser, H., Deplazes, P., Schnyder, M., Mathis, A.: Genotyping of Babesia bigemina from an unexpected outbreak in a cattle herd in Switzerland and preliminary survey of bovine babesiosis in Switzerland. 22. Jahrestagung der DGP, Wien, 22.-25.02.06 (P).

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Hoby, S., Robert, N., Meli, M., Mathis, A., Deplazes, P., Lutz, H., Schmid, N., Ryser, M.-P.: Fatal Babesia divergens infection in free-ranging chamois (Rupicapra r. rupicapra) in Switzerland. VII Conference of European Wildlife Diseases Association, Aosta Valley, Italien, 27.-30.09.06 (P). Malacrida, F., Schnyder, M., Bacciarini, L., Deplazes, P.: Autochthones Vorkommen von Thelazia callipaeda in der Südschweiz. DVG-Tagung, Wetzlar, 7.-9.6.2006. Mathis, A., Wild, P., Boettger, E.C., Kapel, C.M.O., Deplazes, P.: The mitochondrial ribosome as target for the macrolide antibiotic clarithromycin in the helminth Echinococcus multilocularis. 22. Jahrestagung der DGP, Wien, 22.2.-25.2.2006. Mathis, A., Wild, P., Boettger, E.C., Kapel, C.M.O., Deplazes, P.: Alveolar echinococcosis. Active drugs: clarithromycin. Study meeting alveolar echinococcosis⁄Echinococcosus multilocularis, Gottlieben, 16.6.2006. Mathis, A.: Bluetonguevirus: die entomologische Seite. Frühjahrstagung Schweizerische Vereinigung der Veterinärlabordiagnostik (SVVLD), Olten, 12.04.2007. Mathis, A.: Epidemiological and molecular genetic investigations of Babesia divergens⁄B. capreoli-like parasite findings in free-ranging wild ruminants in eastern Switzerland. 1st Three Countries Joint Meeting: French Society of Parasitology, German Society of Parasitology, Swiss Society of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Strassburg, Frankreich, 13.-16.06.2007. Mathis, A.: Epidemiological and molecular genetic investigations of Babesia divergens⁄B. capreoli-like parasite findings in free-ranging wild ruminants in eastern Switzerland. 21st International Conference WAAVP, Gent, Belgien, 19.-23.08.2007. Morf, L.: Rab1 GTPase is crucial for development of cysts in Giardia lamblia. 1st Three Countries Joint Meeting: French Society of Parasitology, German Society of Parasitology, Swiss Society of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Strassburg, Frankreich, 13.-16.06.07 (P). Morf, L.: Rab1 GTPase is crucial for development of cysts in Giardia lamblia. Molecular Parasitology Meeting, Woods Hole, USA, 16.-20.09.07 (P). Rüegg, S.R., Mathis, A., Torgerson, P.R., Böse, R., Walzer, C., Deplazes, P.: Development of equine piroplasm infections in a horse population in SW Mongolia. 22. Jahrestagung der DGP, Wien, 22.2.-25.2.2006. Sager, H., Steiner Moret, C., Grimm, F., Deplazes, P., Gottstein, B.: Deworming of dogs: efficacy in elimination of intestinal helminths. 22. Jahrestagung der DGP, Wien, 22.2.-25.2.2006 Schaffner, F.: Aedes albopictus surveillance and vectorial risk for France, Germany and Switzerland. 1st Three Countries Joint Meeting: French Society of Parasitology, German Society of Parasitology, Swiss Society of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Strassburg, Frankreich, 13.-16.06.2007. Schaffner, F.: Bluetongue disease vectors (Culicoides spp.): Defining parameters which determine vector free periods⁄areas in Switzerland. 1st annual meeting MedReoNet (Surveillance network of Reoviruses, Bluetongue and African Horse Sickness, in the Mediterranean basin), Palma de Mallorca, Spanien, 12.-14.12.2007.

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Schaffner, F.: Identification of Culicoides species: a data base on taxonomy as basis for a computer identification tool. 1st annual meeting MedReoNet (Surveillance network of Reoviruses, Bluetongue and African Horse Sickness, in the Mediterranean basin), Palma de Mallorca, Spanien, 12.-14.12.2007. Schaffner, F.: Risk assessment and management of West Nile, Dengue and Chikungunya viruses for mainland France. 4th workshop European Mosquito Control Association, Prag, Tschechische Republik, 11.-14.09.2007. Schaffner, F.: Risk assessment of Chikungunya virus for Europe. 4th workshop European Mosquito Control Association, Prag, Tschechische Republik, 11.-14.09.2007. Schmid, N.: Epidemiological and molecular genetic investigations of Babesia divergens ⁄ B. capreoli-like parasite findings in free-ranging wild ruminants in eastern Switzerland. 1st Three Countries Joint Meeting: French Society of Parasitology, German Society of Parasitology, Swiss Society of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Strassburg, Frankreich, 13.-16.06.2007. Schnyder, M., Kohler, L., Hemphill, A., Deplazes, P.: Prophylactic and therapeutic use of nitazoxanide against cryptosporidiosis in calves. 21st International Conference WAAVP, Gent, Belgien, 19.-23.08.07 (P). Schnyder, M.: Autochthonous transmission of Thelazia callipaeda in southern Switzerland. 21st International Conference WAAVP, Gent, Belgien, 19.-23.08.2007. Schnyder, M.: Prophylaktischer und therapeutischer Einsatz von Nitazoxanid gegen Kryptosporidiose des Kalbes. DVG-Tagung, Celle, Deutschland, 04.-06.06.2007. Sonda, S., Bottova, I., Hehl, A.B.: Ceramide: a novel modulator T. gondii survival? COST ACTION 857 "Apicomplexan biology in the post-genomic era", Coralia Porticcio, Frankreich, 04.-07.05.07 (P). Sonda, S., Stefanic, S., Hehl, A.B.: Inhibition of glucosylceramide synthesis induces a cytokinesis arrest and blocks stage differentiation in Giardia lamblia. Molecular Parasitology Meeting, Woods Hole, USA, 16.-20.09.07 (P). Sonda, S.: Inhibition of glucosylceramide synthesis induces a cytokinesis arrest and blocks stage differentiation in Giardia lamblia. Sphingolipid Club 6th Annual Meeting, Bilbao, Spanien, 22.-25.11.2007. Sonda, S.: Sphingolipid biosynthesis as a target for chemotherapy against Giardia lamblia. 1st Three Countries Joint Meeting: French Society of Parasitology, German Society of Parasitology, Swiss Society of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Strassburg, Frankreich, 13.-16.06.2007. Spycher, C.: Characterization of the novel Maurer’s clefts protein MAHRP1 in Plasmodium falciparum. 1st Three Countries Joint Meeting: French Society of Parasitology, German Society of Parasitology, Swiss Society of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Strassburg, Frankreich, 13.-16.06.2007. Stäbler, S.: Risikofaktoren der bovinen Zystizerkose in der Schweiz. DVG- Tagung, Celle, Deutschland, 04.-06.06.2007 Stefanic, S., Hehl, A.B.: Biosynthesis and Maturation of Golgi-like Vesicles in the Primitive Protozoan Giardia lamblia. American Society for Cell Biology 46th Annual Meeting, San Diego CA, USA, 09.-13.12.06 (P).

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Stefanic, S., Hehl, A.B.: Regulated export of cyst wall material in Giardia lamblia depends on universally conserved factors of the secretory apparatus. 2nd International Giardia and Cryptosporidium Conference, Morelia, Mexiko, 13.-18.05.07 (P). Stefanic, S.: Regulated export of cyst wall material in Giardia lamblia depends on universally conserved factors of the secretory apparatus. 1st Three Countries Joint Meeting: French Society of Parasitology, German Society of Parasitology, Swiss Society of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Strassburg, Frankreich, 13.-16.06.2007. Stefanic, S.: Universally conserved factors of the secretory apparatus drive cyst wall formation in Giardia lamblia. Meeting for Doctoral Students in Parasitology and Tropical Medicine in Switzerland, Schloss Münchenwiler, Murten, 04.-05.12.2007. Torgerson, P.R., Grimm, F., Tanner, I., Deplazes, P.: Echinococcosis transmission in eastern Kazakhstan. International Congress of Central Asia Infectious Diseases, Bishkek, Kyrgystan, 30.10.-2.11.2006. Torgerson, P.R.: Echinococcosis transmission in eastern Kazakhastan. 22nd International Congress of Hydatidology, Athen, Griechenland, 15.-19.05. 2007. Torgerson, P.R.: Estimates of human disease burden of alveolar echinococcosis in Switzerland. SGG-SGVC-SASL annual meeting 2007, Lausanne, 27.09.2007. Torgerson, P.R.: Estimates of human disease burden of alveolar echinococcosis in Switzerland. 22nd International Congress of Hydatidology, Athen, Griechenland, 15.-19.05.2007. Trachsel, D., Deplazes, P., Mathis, A.: Identification of taeniid eggs by multiplex PCR. 22. Jahrestagung der DGP, Wien, 22.-25.02.06 (P). Wengi, N., Willi, B., Filoni, C., Catao-Dias, J.L., Vargas, A., Martines, F., Ryser-Degiorgis, M., Roelke-Parker, M., Meli, M., Cattor, V., Deplazes, P., Boretti, F., Reusch, C., Lutz, H., Hofmann-Lehmann, R.: Reservoirs of feline haemoplasmas. ECVIM-CA Congress, Amsterdam, 14.-16.09.06 (P). Ziadinov, I., Mathis, A., Trachsel, D., Deplazes, P., Torgerson, P.R.: Canine echinococcosis in Kyrgystan. International Congress of Central Asia Infectious Diseases, Bishkek, Kyrgystan, 30.10.-2.11.2006. Ziadinov, I., Mathis, A., Trachsel, D., Deplazes, P., Torgerson, P.R.: Canine echinococcosis in Kyrgystan. 21st International Conference WAAVP, Gent, Belgien, 19.-23.08.2007. Ziadinov, I., Mathis, A., Trachsel, D., Deplazes, P., Torgerson, P.R.: Canine echinococcosis in Kyrgystan. 22nd International Congress of Hydatidology, Athen, Griechenland, 15.-19.05.2007. Ziadinov, I., Deplazes, P., Torgerson, P.R.: Modelling the age variation of larval Echinococcus granulosus biomass in sheep. 22nd International Congress of Hydatidology, Athen, Griechenland, 15.-19.05.2007.

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Guest lectures Deplazes, P.: Einzellige Parasiten (Giardien, Kokzidien etc.) als Durchfallerreger. Hundezüchterkongress, Oensingen, SO. 12.03.2006. Deplazes, P.: Einzellige Parasiten (Giardien, Kokzidien etc.) als Durchfallerreger. Hundezüchterkongress, Winterthur. 05.03.2006. Deplazes, P.: Epidemiology of Echinococcus. Lithuanian Veterinary Academy, Vilnius, Litauen. (2006). Deplazes, P.: Neues zur Epidemiologie der Echinococcose in der Schweiz. Institut für Vergleichende Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie, München, Deutschland. (2006). Deplazes, P.: Wie schütze ich meinen Hund vor Krankheiten? Vorträge für Tierbesitzer, Vetsuisse-Fakultät Zürich. 16.06.2006. Eckert, J.*: Stadtfüchse - ein Risiko für Menschen? Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule, Hannover, Deutschland. (2006). Fahrion, A.: Hygiene im Katzenbestand aus der Sicht des Veterinärparasitologen. Katzenzüchterverein Q-Cat, Effretikon. 10.11.2007. Grimm, F.: Präanalytik in der Parasitologie. FAMH-Blockseminar "Präanalytische Phase". Universitätsspital Zürich. 06.03.2007. Hegglin, D.: Die Füchse kommen. Zyschtigs-Apero, Talk im Klee, Paul Klee Zentrum, Bern. 03.10.2006. Hegglin, D.: Stadtfüchse. Kantonsschule Rämibühl, Zürich. 26.09.2006. Hegglin, D.: The urban life cycle of Echinococcus multilocularis - ecological and epidemiological aspects. Infectious Disease Biology, Workshop, Universität Zürich. 18.04.2007. Hehl, A.B.: Cargo partitoning and secretory transport in a primitive protozoan. Sandler Centre for Basic Research in Parasitic Diseases, University of California, San Francisco, USA, 13.04.2007. Hehl, A.B.: Cell biology of Giardia lamblia. PhD Course, Microbiology and Immunology Graduate School, Zürich, 26.02.2007. Hehl, A.B.: Giardia as a model organism for cell biology. Universität von Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Deutschland. (2006). Hehl, A.B.: Giardia. Zellbiologisches Zentrum, Universität Bern. (2006). Hehl, A.B.: Less is enough: secretory transport of Giardia lamblia. Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California at Berkeley, USA, 12.04.2007. Hehl, A.B.: Molecular parasitology lecture series. Institute of Cell Biology, Universität Bern, 27.04.2007. Hehl, A.B.: Secretory transport in the primitive protozoan Giardia lamblia. Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Justus-Liebig Universität Göttingen, Deutschland, 06.06.2007.

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Hehl, A.B.: Toxoplasma gondii: Ein Parasit mit "Administratorrechten". Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Medizinisches Dept., Universitätsspital Zürich, 05.11.2007. Heinzmann, D.: A two-stage conditional model for Echinococcus granulosus hydatid cysts in sheep. BAPS research seminar, Universität Zürich. 27.03.2007. Heinzmann, D.: Modern statistics - applications to bootstrap. Botanischer Garten, Zürich. 27.02.2006. Heinzmann, D.: Reverse Engineering - Entdeckungswahrscheinlichkeit von Radaranlagen. armasuisse, Wissenschaft und Technologie, Schweizer Armee. 10.02.2006. Heinzmann, D.: Study design 1 - The first step of a statistical analysis. Statistik-Seminar der Pferdeklinik, Universität Zürich. 25.10.2007. Heinzmann, D.: Study design 2 - Risk measurement and hypothesis testing. Statistik-Seminar der Pferdeklinik, Universität Zürich. 08.11.2007. Hertzberg, H.: Komplementäre Kontrollmethoden gegen Magen-Darmwürmer von Fleischschafen- und ziegen. Fortbildung für Tierhalter, Forschungsinstitut für biologischen Landbau, Frick. 15.02.2006. Hertzberg, H.: Komplementäre Kontrollmethoden gegen Magen-Darmwürmer von Milchschafen- und ziegen. Fortbildung für Tierhalter, Forschungsinstitut für biologischen Landbau, Frick. 16.02.2006. Hertzberg, H.: Parasitenproblematik in Biobetrieben: Schwein und Huhn. Universität für Bodenkultur, Wien, Österreich. (2006). Hertzberg, H.: Parasitenproblematik in Biobetrieben: Wiederkäuer. Universität für Bodenkultur, Wien, Österreich. (2006). Hertzberg, H.: Rechtliche Grundlagen der Parasitenkontrolle in Biobetrieben. Universität für Bodenkultur, Wien, Österreich. (2006). Hertzberg, H.: Resistenzen gegenüber Entwurmungsmitteln bei Parasiten von Fleischschafen- und ziegen. Fortbildung für Tierhalter, Forschungsinstitut für biologischen Landbau, Frick. 15.02.2006. Hertzberg, H.: Resistenzen gegenüber Entwurmungsmitteln bei Parasiten von Milchschafen- und ziegen. Fortbildung für Tierhalter, Forschungsinstitut für biologischen Landbau, Frick. 16.02.2006. Hertzberg, H.: Wichtige Parasiten bei Fleischschafen- und ziegen. Fortbildung für Tierhalter, Forschungsinstitut für biologischen Landbau, Frick. 15.02.2006. Hertzberg, H.: Wichtige Parasiten bei Milchschafen- und ziegen. Fortbildung für Tierhalter, Forschungsinstitut für biologischen Landbau, Frick. 16.02.2006. Hertzberg, H.: Wichtige Parasiten bei Neuweltkameliden und Hirschen. Fortbildungstagung des Beratungs- und Gesundheitsdienstes für Kleinwiederkäuer. 11.08.2006.

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Hertzberg, H.: Zukünftige Möglichkeiten für die Kontrolle des Magen-Darmwurm-Befalls bei Fleischschafen- und ziegen. Fortbildung für Tierhalter, Forschungsinstitut für biologischen Landbau, Frick. 15.02.2006. Hertzberg, H.: Zukünftige Möglichkeiten für die Kontrolle des Magen-Darmwurm-Befalls bei Milchschafen- und ziegen. Fortbildung für Tierhalter, Forschungsinstitut für biologischen Landbau, Frick. 16.02.2006. Labes, E.: The relevance of parasite studies for orangutan conservation. Universitas Gadjah Mada, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Yogyakarta, Indonesien. (2006). Labes, E.: The vanishing forests: How palm oil plantations destroy Indonesia’s biodiversity and threaten the survival of the orangutan. Universitas Airlangga, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Surabaya, Indonesien. (2006). Labes, E.: The vanishing forests: How palm oil plantations destroy Indonesia’s biodiversity and threaten the survival of the orangutan. Universitas Gadjah Mada, Fakultas Biologi, Yogyakarta, Indonesien. (2006). Schaffner, F.: Aedes albopictus in Europe with special reference to France: introductions and actual distribution, biology and control strategy. Technical meeting, FAO - IAEA, Wien. 26.06.2007. Schaffner, F.: Évaulation du risque de transmission vectorielle du virus Chikungunya en Europe. Ministère de la santé, Paris. 26.11.2007. Schnyder, M.: Der Tierarzt/die Tierärztin in der Forschung an der Hochschule. Studienorientierung für MaturandInnen, Bereich Veterinärmedizin, Universität Zürich. 19.09.2006. Sonda, S.: Essential role P-glycoprotein in Toxoplasma gondii biology. Université Joseph Fourier, Laboratoire Adaptation et Pathogénie des Microorganismes, Grenoble, Frankreich, 26.10.2007. Stefanic, S.: ESV neogenesis in Giardia lamblia. 1st Graduate School Student's Symposium, Bern. * Professor emeritus for parasitology of the University of Zurich and former director of the IPZ.

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Professional education

Deplazes, P., Gottstein, B.: Aktuelles aus der Parasitologie: Parasiten bei Kleintieren. Fortbildung für Tierärzte, Novartis AG, Zürich, Basel. 18.10./25.10.2007. Deplazes, P., Gottstein, B.: Wurmarten bei Hunden und Katze und deren Auswirkungen. Novartis Endoparasiten Seminar, Egerkingen, Lausanne. 02.11./09.11.2006. Deplazes, P.: Gesundheitliche Gefährdungen durch Haus- und Wildtiere in Siedlungen. Gemeindehygienetagung, SVG Schweizerische Vereinigung für Gesundheits- und Umwelttechnik, Volkshaus Zürich. 21.11.2006. Deplazes, P.: Leberversagen bei jungem Reiserückkehrer. Kolloquium für Tropen- und Reisemedizin, Universitätsspital Zürich. 03.07.2007. Deplazes, P.: Zoonotische Helmintheninfektionen in Mitteleuropa: eine epidemiologische Übersicht. Kolloquium Infektiologie und Mikrobiologie, Universitätsspital Zürich. 14.12.2006. Eckert, J.*: Zur Geschichte der Echinococcose - einer uralten, aber noch immer relevanten Zoonose. Schweiz. Vereinigung für Geschichte der Veterinärmedizin, Basel. 20.05.2006. Grimm, F.: Methods for the detection of important intestinal parasites of humans and theory and practice. Seminar for Zoonoses, Bishkek, Kirgistan. 27.-29.08.2007. Grimm, F.: Parasitologische Koprologie. Vets 2006, Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft Schweizerischer Tierärzte, Zürich. 29.09.2006. Grimm, F.: Präanalytik in der Parasitologie. Präanalytikkurs FAMH, Universitätsspital Zürich. 17.02.2006 und 06.02.2007. Hehl, A.B.: Der vierdimensionale Mikroparasit: Eine visuelle Revolution. Antrittsvorlesung, Universität Zürich. 21.01.2006. Hehl, A.B.: Giardia as a model organism for cell biology. Institut für Veterinär Pathologie, Universität Zürich. 16.01.2006. Heinzmann, D.: Epidemic modelling in parasitic diseases. Colloquium for life life science PHD students, ETH Zürich. 06.06.2006. Heinzmann, D.: What is bootstrap in statistics? Graduate Colloquium, Institut für Mathematik, Universität Zürich. 20.06.2006. Hertzberg, H.: Alternative Kontrollstrategien gegen Endoparasiten. Institut für Nutztierwissenschaften, ETH Zürich, 22.05.2007. Hertzberg, H.: Bekämpfung des Strongyliden- und Bandwurm-Befalls beim Pferd. Vets 2006, Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft Schweizerischer Tierärzte, Zürich. 29.09.2006. Hertzberg, H.: Epidemiologie ausgewählter gastrointestinaler Helminthosen beim Pferd. Vets 2006, Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft Schweizer Tierärzte, Zürich. 29.09.2006. Hertzberg, H.: Komplementäre Methoden zur Kontrolle des Magen-Darmwurm-Befalls bei Schafen und Ziegen. Fortbildung für Tierärzte und Tierhalter, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover. 10.01.2006.

Professional education

53

Hertzberg, H.: Parasitenproblematik in Biobetrieben: Wiederkäuer. Universität für Bodenkultur, Wien, Österreich, 15.06.2007. Hertzberg, H.: Prophylaxe und Bedeutung von Endoparasiten beim Rind. Institut für Nutztierwissenschaften, ETH Zürich, 08.05.2007. Hertzberg, H.: Rechtliche Grundlagen der Parasitenkontrolle in Biobetrieben. Universität für Bodenkultur, Wien, Österreich, 15.06.2007. Hertzberg, H.: Schweizer Erfahrung zum Parasiten-Monitoring bei Kleinwiederkäuern. Fortbildung für Tierärzte und Tierhalter, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover. 10.01.2006. Köhler, P.*: The metabolism of parasites: conventional, unusual, mysterious. Humboldt-Universität Berlin, Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Infektionsbiologie und Immunologie, Deutschland. Rüegg, S.R.: Weiterbildung in Zeckendiagnostik für das DZP und Doktoranden. 18.06.2006. Schaffner, F.: Current documented distribution of Aedes albopictus in Europe. European centre for disease prevention and control (ECDC), Paris. 22.10.2007. Schaffner, F.: Training course on Dutch mosquito (Culicidae). Identification at the adult stage using morphological techniques. National Reference Laboratory of Phytosanitary Diagnostics, Wageningen, Holland, 5.-7.09.2007. Schaffner, F.: Training course on mosquito identification, Prince Leopold Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerpen, Holland, 5.-8.03.; 16.-19.07.2007. Schnyder, M.: Autochtohones Vorkommen von Thelazia callipaeda im Tessin, Vets 2006, Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft Schweizerischer Tierärzte, Zürich. 29.09.2006. Stäbler, S.: Cestoden. Vets 2007, Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft Schweizerischer Tierärzte, Fribourg. 07.09.2007. Stäbler, S.: Demodex-Milben und Ektoparasiten. 28. Internationaler Fortbildungskurs Kleintierkrankheiten, Flims. 25.02.-03.03.2007. Torgerson, P.R., Grimm, F.: Seminar über Zoonosen. Bishkek Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kirgistan. 19.09.2006. Torgerson, P.R.: Epidemiology and control of Echinococcosis. Seminar for Zoonoses, SCOPES Workshop, Bishkek, Kirgistan. 27.08.-06.09.2007. Torgerson, P.R.: Methods of burden assessment: Echinococcosis. WHO Consultation to develop a strategy to estimate the global burden of foodborne diseases. WHO Headquarters, Geneva. 25.-27.09.2006. Torgerson, P.R.: Methods used for the evaluation of the burden of other zoonoses: Echinococcosis. Informal consultation on global disease burden of leptospirosis: methods of assessment. WHO Headquarters, Geneva. 25.-27.10.2006. * Professor emeritus for parasitology of the University of Zurich and former director of the IPZ.

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Parasitologische Fortbildungsseminare des IPZ

Die Fortbildungsseminare am IPZ dienen vor allem der Weiterbildung akademischer Mitarbeiter/-innen und Doktoranden/-innen des Institutes sowie dem Informations-austausch zwischen Fachinstituten im In- und Ausland und dem IPZ. Die Veranstal-tungen wurden hauptsächlich von Gastreferenten/-innen aus der Schweiz und dem Ausland bestritten und behandelten folgende Themen:

04.04.2006 Bayesian techniques for modelling parasites. P.R. Torgerson, IPZ, Universität Zürich. 02.05.2006 Eosinophilic disorders - from allergies to parasites. P. Schmid, Universitätsspital Zürich. 30.05.2006 Thelazia eyeworm: an original endoectoparasitic nematode. D. Otranto, Universität Bari, Italien. 27.06.2006 Giardia: appearances can be deceptive. S. Svärd, Universität Uppsala, Schweden. 16.08.2006 Dingos on the veranda. D. Jenkins, Australian National University, Canberra, Australien. 12.09.2006 "Rumpwear" in mountain brushtail possum. J. Hufschmid, University of Melbourne, Australien. 31.10.2006 MAHRP, a putative Maurer's cleft protein in P. falciparum. C. Spycher, Tropeninstitut, Basel. 14.11.2006 En- und Exzystierung bei Akanthamöben. J. Walochnik, Medizinische Universität Wien, Österreich. 28.11.2006 The urban cycle of the fox tapeworm in Zürich: Seasonality in the

intermediate host. F. Sebastiansen, Umweltforschungszentrum Leipzig,

Deutschland. 12.12.2006 Identifikation, Expression und Antigencharakterisierung einer

Proteindisulphid-Isomerase und von Paramyosin von Ancylostoma caninum und deren Einsatz in Immunisierungs-versuchen.

C. Epe, Tierärztliche Hochschule, Hannover, Deutschland. 30.01.2007 Molecular analysis of insulin signaling mechanisms in

Echinococcus multilocularis and their role in the host-parasite interaction in the alveolar echinoccocosis.

C. Konrad, Julius-Maximilians-Universität,Würzburg, Deutschland.

26.03.2007 What do Giardia, Blastocystis, and Toxomplasma have in common?

A. Thompson, Murdoch University, Australien.

Fortbildungsseminare

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03.04.2007 Ferredoxin-dependant pathways in the plastid of Apicomplexa. F. Seeber, Universität Marburg, Deutschland. 17.04.2007 Spreading of vectors and vector borne diseases in Europe: a

reality? F. Schaffner, IPZ, Universität Zürich. 08.05.2007 Entwicklung chemotherapeutischer Strategien gegen

Babesieninfektionen. S. Bork, Universität München, Deutschland. 29.05.2007 Less is enough: secretary transport in Giardia. A.B. Hehl, IPZ, Universität Zürich. 19.06.2007 Wissenschaftliches Schreiben (Kurserfahrungen). A. Fahrion/L. Morf, IPZ, Universität Zürich. 25.09.2007 Culicoides in Switzerland: Bluetongue vectors present. V. Racloz, Bundesamt für Veterinärwesen, Bern. 09.10.2007 Identification of the West Nile virus vectors of Southern France. T. Balenghien, CIRAD, Montpellier, Frankreich. 23.10.2007 Kongressbericht WAAVP, Gent. M. Schnyder et al., IPZ, Universität Zürich. 06.11.2007 Physiology and behaviour of arthropod vectors of disease: basic

and applied aspects. P. Guerin, Universität Neuchatel. 04.12.2007 Economics, models, health burden: past, present and future. P.R. Torgerson, IPZ, Universität Zürich.

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Wissenschaftliche Abschlüsse und Nachwuchsför-derung

Dissertationen

Folgende Doktoranden/-innen wurden in der Berichtsperiode promoviert (siehe Seite 41): 2006: Artho, Romana (Dr. med. vet.); Hilpertshauser, Heidi (Dr. med. vet.); Tanner, Flurina (Dr. med. vet.) 2007: Amitirigala, Isis (Dr. med.); Fahrion, Anna (Dr. med. vet.); Fässler, Hans-Peter (Dr. med.vet.); Trachsel, Daniela (Dr. med. vet.). Doktoranden/-innen und Diplomanden/-innen der Berichtsperiode

(Zeit des Anstellungsverhältnisses als Doktorandin/Doktorand) Amitirigala Isis Med. 1.9.2003 – 31.12.2006 (extern) Bottova Iveta Master of

biochemistry ab 1.1.2007

Burlet Pierre Med. vet. ab 1.2.2007 Brunner Matthias Med. ab 8.12.2005 (extern) Fahrion Anna Med. vet. 15.8.2005 – 31.5.2007 Flütsch Franziska Med. vet. 1.3.2005 – 28.2.2007 Gaechter Verena Dr. med. vet. 1.1.2004 – 30.4.2006 Heinzmann Dominik Dipl. ing.math.

EPF ab 1.6.2005

Jehle Christina Med. vet. ab 1.3.2004 (extern) Kulangara Caroline Diplomandin 3.5.2004 – 30.4.2006 Malacrida Filippo Med. vet. ab 1.2.2005 (extern) Morf Laura Dipl.

microbiol. ab 1.9.2006

Portmann Daniel Med. 1.9.1998 – 30.6.2006 (extern) Roggero Corinna Med. vet. ab 15.3.2007 Rüegg Simon R. Dr. med. vet. 10.3.2003 – 30.11.2006 Schmid Anthea Diplomandin 15.12.2006 – 15.6.2007 Schmid Nicole Med. vet. 1.3.2006 – 15.4.2007 Scott Pippa Med. vet. 16.1.2006 – 31.3.2007 Stefanič Sasa Dr. med. vet. 1.6.2003 – 30.6.2007

Wiss. Abschlüsse und Nachwuchsförderung

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Strässler Sandra Med. vet. 1.3.2006 – 31.1.2007 Trachsel Daniela Med. vet. 1.8.2004 – 31.1.2006 Ziadinov Iskenderali Med .vet. ab 1.7.2005 Durch Drittmittelgeförderte Nachwuchskräfte im Ausland

Abdyjaparov Temibek, Postdoktorand, INTAS, 1.9.2006 – 31.12.2007 (Kyrgyz Medical Academy, Department of Biology, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan), Abdykerimov Kubanychbek, Doktorand, INTAS, NF, seit 1.3.2006 (Kyrgyz Scientific Research Institute for Livestock, Department of Parasitology, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan), Bodoshova Aigerim, Doktorandin, NF, seit 1.3.2006 (Kyrgyz Medical Academy, Department of Biology, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan), Boronchiev Azamat, Doktorand, NF, seit 1.3.2006 (Kyrgyz Medical Academy, Department of Biology, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan), Karaeva Roza, MD, INTAS, 1.04.2004 – 31.12.2007, (Kyrgyz Medical Academy, Department of Biology, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan), Minbaeva Gulnara, Doktorandin, NF, seit 1.3.2006 (Kyrgyz Medical Academy, Department of Biology, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan), Mytynova Bermet, Doktorandin, NF, seit 1.3.2006 (Kyrgyz Scientific Research Institute for Livestock, Department of Parasitology, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan), Rysmukhambetova Aizhan, Postdoktorandin, INTAS, 1.4.2004 – 31.3.2007 (Institute of Zoology, Kazakh Academy of Sciences, Almaty, Kazakhstan).

Praktikanten/-innen in der Berichtsperiode

Name Ziel des Aufenthaltes Datum Dr. Thomas Bruderer FAMH Ausbildung 02.11.-31.12.06 Rebecca Davidson Erlernen von diagnostischen

Techniken 06.12.-15.12.06

Oivind Oines Erlernen von diagnostischen Techniken

06.12.-15.12.06

Dr. Elsbeth Probst FAMH Ausbildung 01.04.-30.06.06 Dr. Walter Regli FAMH Ausbildung 01.01.-28.02.06 Dr. Silke Peter FAMH Ausbildung 26.06.-27.07.07 Katja Rüth Forschungspraktikum 09.07.-17.08.07 Martina Schybli Praktikum (Studentin) 02.04.-27.04.07

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Tierärztliche und ärztliche Fortbildung

Das Institut beteiligte sich an verschiedenen nationalen Weiterbildungsver-anstaltungen (Einzelbeiträge - siehe Vorträge Seite 54). Aussenbeziehungen Tätigkeit in Institutionen der Forschungsförderung und Behörden

Prof. P. Deplazes: Ist Vorstandsmitglied des Stiftungsrates der Karl-Enigk-Stiftung und des Stiftungsrates der Echinococcose-Stiftung und Gründungsmitglied des EVPC (European Veterinary Parasitology College) und des ESCCAP (European Scientific Counsel Companion Animal Parasites). Er bekleidet das Amt eines "Visiting Professor" am Danish Centre for Experimental Parasitology, Kopenhagen, und ist Mitglied des Editorial Board von "Infection" und fungierte in der Berichtsperiode als Gutachter verschiedener Fachzeitschriften und internationaler und nationaler Forschungsfonds. Dr. F. Grimm: Ist seit Juni 2006 Mitglied des Fachrates "Bildungsgang HF Medizinisches Labor" am Careum Bildungszentrum und ist Mitglied der Diagnostik-kommission der SGTP. PD Dr. A.B. Hehl: Fungierte in der Berichtsperiode als Gutachter für verschiedene Fachzeitschriften sowie für den Schweizerischen Nationalfonds. Er ist Kuratoriumsmitglied der Stiftung für wissenschaftliche Forschung an der Universität Zürich sowie Vorstandsmitglied und wissenschaftlicher Berater von Lepra.ch. PD Dr. H. Hertzberg: Ist Mitglied des EVPC (European Veterinary Parasitology College) und fungierte in der Berichtsperiode als Gutachter verschiedener Fachzeit-schriften. PD Dr. A. Mathis: Ist Mitglied des Vorstandes der Schweizerischen Gesellschaft für Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie (SGTP). Er ist Gutachter verschiedener Fachzeitschriften.

Aussenbeziehungen

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Dr. P.R. Torgerson: Ist Mitglied des Vorstandes des “Swiss Forum for Epidemiology and Animal Health”, der “WHO Echinococcus informal working group” und der „Foodborne disease burden epidemiology reference group“. Er ist im Editorial Board von “Veterinary Parasitology” und er fungierte in der Berichtsperiode als Gutachter verschiedener Fachzeitschriften.

Gastwissenschaftler/-innen am Institut und Besucher

Während der Berichtsperiode hatten sich als Gastwissenschaftler/-in im IPZ aufgehalten:

im Jahre 2006: Prof. David Jenkins (Australian National University, Canberra, Australien), Prof. Christian Kapel (Danish Centre for Experimental Parasitology, Dänemark), Rasa Bruzinskaite (Lithuanian Veterinary Academy, Litauen), Dr. Audrone Marcinkute (University Hospital and Clinic for Infectious Diseases, Vilnius, Litauen), Dr. Aizhan Rysmukhambetova (Institute of Zoology, Almaty, Kazakhstan), Prof. Mindaugas Sarkunas (Lithuanian Veterinary Academy, Litauen), Dr. Regina Virbaliene (Parasitology Laboratory, Vilnius, Litauen), Dr. Jolanta Ziliukienie (Parasitology Laboratory, Vilnius, Litauen), Dr. Loraine Campanati (Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brasilien) sowie

im Jahre 2007: Kubanychbek Abdykerimov (Kyrgyz Scientific Research Institut for Livestock, Bishkek, Kirgistan), Aigerim Bodoshova (Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kirgistan), Gulnara Minbaeva (Kyrgyz State Medical Academy, Bishkek, Kirgistan), Prof. Mindaugas Sarkunas (Lithuanian Veterinary Academy, Litauen). Zu mehrtägigen Besuchern des IPZ gehörten:

im Jahre 2006: Dr. Pamela Beelitz (Institut für Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie, München), Esther Marty (Studentin Biologie, Universität Zürich), Lena Senn (Zoologisches Institut, Universität Zürich) sowie

im Jahre 2007: Dr. Pia Webster (Danish Centre for Experimental Parasitology, Dänemark), Franziska Zimmerli (Kantonales Labor Zürich), Ute Maurer (Institut für Vergleichende Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie, München, Deutschland).

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Funktionen von Institutsangehörigen an der Univer-sität und Fakultät

Prof. P. Deplazes ist Mitglied der Prüfungskommission für die eidgenössischen Medizinalprüfungen und Vertreter der Vetsuisse-Fakultät in der Nachwuchsförderungskommission der Universität Zürich. Er ist Mitglied der Stipendienkammer der Forschungskommission des NF und in der Nachwuchsförderungskommission der Stiefel-Zangger-Stiftung sowie verschiedener fakultärer Kommissionen. Er ist Mitglied des Microbiology and Immunology (MIM) PhD Programms der Life Sciences Graduate School Zürich. PD Dr. A.B. Hehl ist Mitglied der Vetsuisse Forschungskommission und der Kommission für Arbeitssicherheit und Gesundheitsschutz der Universität Zürich. Er ist Mitglied des Microbiology and Immunology (MIM) PhD Programms der Life Sciences Graduate School Zürich. PD Dr. A. Mathis ist Vertreter der PDs/TPs in der Fakultätsversammlung der Vetsuisse-Fakultät der Universität Zürich und in der Vetsuisse Taskforce. Dr. M. Schnyder ist Präsidentin und Vertreterin der Assistenten-vereinigung der Veterinärmedizinischen Fakultät und ist Mitglied der Berufungskommission. Bauliches, EDV und Ausstattung

Ende 2007 waren insgesamt 27 PCs und 9 Notebooks am Institutsnetz an-geschlossen. Weitere 5 PCs werden zur Steuerung von Geräten oder für andere Zwecke eingesetzt. Für die zentrale Datenspeicherung am Institut wird ein leistungsfähiger Fileserver (Novell Netware) eingesetzt. Die Daten werden täglich auf einen zentralen Backupserver, der durch die Informatik-dienste der Universität betrieben wird, gesichert. Ferner erfolgte die Anschaffung folgender grösserer Geräte: 1 Motortisch mit z-stage für Konfokalmikroskop, 1 Zentrifuge, 1 4-Vessel Rotary Cell Culture System, 1 FluorChem SP Upgrade.

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Bibliothek, Sammlungen und Unterrichtsmittel

Für die Betreuung der Bibliothek ist weiterhin PD Dr. A. Mathis verantwortlich. Ende 2007 verzeichnete die Bibliothek des IPZ folgende Bestände (in Klammern Änderungen im Vergleich zu 2005): Abonnierte Zeitschriften 16 (-11); Bücher 1239 (+22) (z.T. mehrteilige Bände und Neuauflagen); Dissertationen 545 (+11). Für Unterrichtsmittel sowie Unterrichtsvorbereitungen ist Frau L. Kohler verantwortlich. Unter-richtsmittel (Präparate usw.) werden zum Teil auch an andere Ausbil-dungsstätten oder an Einzelpersonen ausgeliehen. Beförderungen, Preise, Ehrungen

Beförderungen konnten im Rahmen der dem IPZ zustehenden Kontingente per 1.1.2006 ausgesprochen werden für: H.-P. Müller, A. Rüdemann, Dr. P.R. Torgerson. Per 1.1.2007 für: S. Ebeid, J. Hauri, L. Kohler, PD Dr. A. Mathis, B. Salathé sowie per 1.7.2007 für: B. Boller und K. Tamburini. Zwei Mitarbeiterinnen aus der Gruppe von PD Dr. A.B. Hehl wurden anlässlich des "Three Countries Joint Meeting (French and German Societies of Parasitology, Swiss Society of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology), 13.-16.6.07, Strassburg, Frankreich" ausgezeichnet:

• Dr. Cornelia Spycher erhielt den mit Fr. 2'000.- dotierten Forschungs-preis der Schweizerischen Gesellschaft für Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie.

• Laura Morf, M.Sc., wurde mit dem Posterpreis ausgezeichnet.

Prof. J. Eckert, emeritierter Professor für Parasitologie, ist von der "Deutschen Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina" für sein langjähriges Engagement in der Akademie mit der Verdienst-Medaille ausgezeichnet worden.