30 1.5 18 12 , http://www.industryinspection.com
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1.. 20012.. 19923.. 19804.http://www.industryinspection.com
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1 1.1 1.1.1 NDT nondestructive testhttp://www.industryinspection.com
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1.1.2 http://www.industryinspection.com
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1.1.3 (1) http://www.industryinspection.com
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2 http://www.industryinspection.com
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3 http://www.industryinspection.com
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4http://www.industryinspection.com
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1.1.4 http://www.industryinspection.com
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1.2 1.2.1 http://www.industryinspection.com
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, http://www.industryinspection.com
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1.2.2 http://www.industryinspection.com
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2. 3. http://www.industryinspection.com
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1. 2. 3. ? 4. ? http://www.industryinspection.com
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2 http://www.industryinspection.com
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2.1 2.1.1 1 http://www.industryinspection.com
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2 http://www.industryinspection.com
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2 http://www.industryinspection.com
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2.1.2 (1) http://www.industryinspection.com
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2
http://www.industryinspection.com
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3 5http://www.industryinspection.com
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4 (5) http://www.industryinspection.com
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6HAZ 7 http://www.industryinspection.com
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COhttp://www.industryinspection.com
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22 2.2.1 (1) http://www.industryinspection.com
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; http://www.industryinspection.com
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(2) () !http://www.industryinspection.com
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2.2.2 (1)F (2) ! http://www.industryinspection.com
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2.2.3 http://www.industryinspection.com
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: ( ): M; R; http://www.industryinspection.com
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2.3 2.3.1 (1)RT NDT!http://www.industryinspection.com
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2.3.1 (2)UT . (3)MT .http://www.industryinspection.com
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2.3.1 (4)PT :!(5)(ET) http://www.industryinspection.com
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,!http://www.industryinspection.com
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2.3.2 ! http://www.industryinspection.com
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2.3.2 (4) (5) http://www.industryinspection.com
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1.2.3.4.,5.?6.http://www.industryinspection.com
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3 1 2 3 4 http://www.industryinspection.com
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RT ray testing CThttp://www.industryinspection.com
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X X http://www.industryinspection.com
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3.1 3.1.1 X,: X: 0.001~0.1nm; : 0.0003~0.1nm.X !http://www.industryinspection.com
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3.1.2 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) http://www.industryinspection.com
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3.1.3 x: (1x
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(2)Xhttp://www.industryinspection.com
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(3) X,,20kv Xhttp://www.industryinspection.com
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(4) X1X X Xhttp://www.industryinspection.com
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X X http://www.industryinspection.com
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3.1.4 60192137/134 X http://www.industryinspection.com
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3.1.5 http://www.industryinspection.com
60 5.3 300 mm 192 753 60mm 137 332 60mm
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3.2 3.2.1 I= I0 e 3-1 I0 I http://www.industryinspection.com
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f (,,z )
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3.2.2
1 I=I0e ABXI0Ix=A+X+BX A B I xhttp://www.industryinspection.com
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2 Ix = I0eA eX eB = I0eAeB e X eX e X = I0e e )X = I e )X (3-2) Ix / I = e )X (3-3) http://www.industryinspection.com
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< Ix >I > Ix < I xIx I !http://www.industryinspection.com
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3.3 X 3.3.1 x x http://www.industryinspection.com
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3.3.2 X (1)GB3323-87 A ABBB A AB B http://www.industryinspection.com
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D =lg(I0 / I) I0 I D ;D=2.0 GB3323-87 : A 1.23.5 AB1.23.5 B 1.53.5http://www.industryinspection.com
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(%). K= (X/)100% : K,!http://www.industryinspection.com
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/ GB5618-85. 16(0.1-3.2) 116 17;612;1016 Z116 Z,!http://www.industryinspection.com
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:7~1GB5618-85Zhttp://www.industryinspection.com
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1/4 http://www.industryinspection.com
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L/2L/417http://www.industryinspection.com
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2 http://www.industryinspection.com
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UItf x It http://www.industryinspection.com
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X0U/kv150 http://www.industryinspection.com
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Fmin dugFmin F400700 mm F ug http://www.industryinspection.com
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Fug ug / d = h / (Fh) ug dh / (Fh) ug max = d/ (F) F, ug max. Fmin = d/ ug max dhttp://www.industryinspection.com
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T http://www.industryinspection.com
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3.4 X 3.4.1 x (1)x 50500kv http://www.industryinspection.com
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2X2005kv200kvmA5mAmm 2.52.5kg 60kgmm 29mmx x http://www.industryinspection.com
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3.4.2 Xhttp://www.industryinspection.com
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B010072006315GL141 ABhttp://www.industryinspection.com
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3.4.3 (1) http://www.industryinspection.com
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2 3 58 http://www.industryinspection.com
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3.5 3.5.1 GB4792-84 17.4 mrem; 5 rem 250 remhttp://www.industryinspection.com
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3.5.2 : t17.4/p, p. http://www.industryinspection.com
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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. http://www.industryinspection.com
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4 UT() ABC3Dhttp://www.industryinspection.com
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A http://www.industryinspection.com
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4.1 4.1.1 2 0.510 MHZhttp://www.industryinspection.com
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4.1.2 (1) http://www.industryinspection.com
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(2) http://www.industryinspection.com
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4.1.3 1 L 2 S 3 R 4 http://www.industryinspection.com
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CL > CS > CR C = f = http://www.industryinspection.com
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(1) (2) : http://www.industryinspection.com
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4.1.4 (1) = arcsin 1.22(/D) (4-1) http://www.industryinspection.com
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(2) 100 3 http://www.industryinspection.com
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4 5 NN=D2 /4 http://www.industryinspection.com
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4.2 4.2.1 PX = P0 e-x (4-2) dB/m x mhttp://www.industryinspection.com
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(4-2)f4d3ph p1/p2 = h1/h2 (4-3)hhttp://www.industryinspection.com
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hB1 B6 6hTB1B2B6http://www.industryinspection.com
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4.2 4.2.2 (1) K = W/ W100% whttp://www.industryinspection.com
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K % 0 81 77 88 17 100 100
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K K Z =| Z 2Z 1| Z K http://www.industryinspection.com
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ZpV Z = p/V (4-4) Z = CL (4-5) 130008000http://www.industryinspection.com
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(2) oLL1LL1S1S1L2 LL2S2 S2
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(2) CL = CL1 ;=L ;4-6: 4-7
4-8 CL1
L = 901m 1m = 27.6 s = 902m = 57.6 http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
4.3 : A 4.3.1 A (1) Ahttp://www.industryinspection.com
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(2) (3) TFBhttp://www.industryinspection.com
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a. b. c. TBTTBFFhttp://www.industryinspection.com
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a T B bT BF; a cTF, B bhttp://www.industryinspection.com
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4.4 , http://www.industryinspection.com
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4.4.1 = = http://www.industryinspection.com
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x,y,zx,yzhF: h = (tf / tb) = n tf tf tb n ; n= / tb http://www.industryinspection.com
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a. http://www.industryinspection.com
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b. http://www.industryinspection.com
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25050 2 3 4 651015202530354045http://www.industryinspection.com
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mm dBhttp://www.industryinspection.com
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A http://www.industryinspection.com
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4.4.2 (1) (2): K: K = tg. :f.http://www.industryinspection.com
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(3) TTTFB a. b. c.http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
(4)o b KK=tg; P1=2tg =2K; P0.5= K; http://www.industryinspection.com
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: http://www.industryinspection.com
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K= tg=L / h L=Ssin; h=Scos
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L=Ssin =SK/1K2h=2Scos = 2 L /KLhhhttp://www.industryinspection.com
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SLh S, K h=2 Scos = 2 L /K L= (2h)K = Ssin http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
5 W http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
6 X,Y,h.:http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
6 1:1 1:1 K L50L100 L5050K/1K2 ; L100 =2 L50 http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
CSK-1Ahttp://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
CTS-22http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
,CSK-1AR50R100R50R100R50R100L50L1001:1http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
4.5 4.5.1 (1) (2) 3 4/ 5
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4.5 (1):
http://www.industryinspection.com
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a. ,K 1:1 b.,K 1:1
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2
http://www.industryinspection.com
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T0S00http://www.industryinspection.com
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3 http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
(standard test block) reference block http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
(1)CS1 H=225mm70mm2mmh=25mm.http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
2)CSK-1A http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
CSK-1A K 11 http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
4.5.2 1 8% 2 2% 3100 db26dbhttp://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
4.5.3 GB/T 12604.1-90: (1) db http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
(2)dead zone http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
T100 80 60 40 20 0Fhttp://www.industryinspection.com
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(3)resolution CSK-1A
http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
CSK-1A
3009110020085http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
AB 2030S1.AB 2030S2. S=S1 S2 http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
(4)TE = E1/E2100%E1E2http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
4.6 4.6.1 (1)
1234 http://www.industryinspection.com
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(2)
http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
3 L 0.75P1 L 1.25P1Lhttp://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
(4) I (W/CM2) I0 1016 W/CM2.
http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
sound intensity level dB IL=10lgI/I0 dB II010 10BEL) (m)(dm) http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
10lg(I2/I1) = 10lg(P2/P1)2 = 20lg(P2/P1) = 20lg(H2/H1) H2/H12 6 dB. http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
4.6.2 (1)T1:http://www.industryinspection.com
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(2)http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
5 MTPT, http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
5.1 MT)5.1.1 5.1.2 http://www.industryinspection.com
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5.1.3 http://www.industryinspection.com
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5.1.4 (1),: 1060m 110m () . http://www.industryinspection.com
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(2):
http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
3 ABI http://www.industryinspection.com
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1http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
2 http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
4
http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
5.1.5 ,.! 0.1 mT; //:0.2 mT; :0.3 mThttp://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
1 1.5m, 2 http://www.industryinspection.com
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5.2 (PT)5.2.1 http://www.industryinspection.com
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5.2.2 20 http://www.industryinspection.com
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5.2.3 5.2.4 http://www.industryinspection.com
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5.2.5 ,.: ; ; ; ,,; ,,; ,http://www.industryinspection.com
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5.2.6 1 2 3 4 http://www.industryinspection.com
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5.2.7 http://www.industryinspection.com
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! http://www.industryinspection.com
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5.2.8 (1) , 2 3 http://www.industryinspection.com
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4 http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
123456http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
9 600900 9 600900 9 8001100 9 13301630 9 600900 9 8001100 9 13301630 9 600900http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
http://www.industryinspection.com
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