. .

. .

. .

. .

1.

.

2.

, .

.

:

:

vs

) , ( )

) ()

vs )

) (),

vs : .

: .

vs -

- 10

vs (1 ) : . ) , , / , ,

:

, .

) , ,

:

.

)

:

.

) vs

:

.

)

: . .

) .

(schedule of reinforcement)(continuous reinforcement schedule) : . ) (intermittent reinforcement schedule) : . )

(fixed ratio; FR) .

.

- 10(FR10)

- ()

(various ratio; VR) .

) 10(VR10)

(fixed interval; FI) .

) 20(FI20)

(various interval; VI) .

) 20(VI20)

VR > FR > VI > FI

. . .

. . .

3.

. - vs

. - vs

. - vs

. - vs

. -

. - vs

.

(Horner, Dunlap , & et al., 1990).

(Foster-Johnson & Dunlap, 1993; Repp & Horner, 1999).

, (Carr & et al., 1994; Evans & Meyer, 1985).

, , (Dunlap & Kern, 1993, 1996; Munk & Repp, 1994).

, (Horner & Carr, 1997).

.

, .

2/3 80% .

.

.

.

. . .

.

(differential reinforcement of alternative behavior ; DRA) DRA .

) vs (premack principle)

. . . .

. . .

(differential reinforcement of incompatible behavior ; DRI) : . ) vs

(differential reinforcement of communication; DRC) : (FCT) , . ) , AAC

(differential reinforcement of other behavior ; DRO) . 0 ) vs

. DRO . DRO . , .

(differential reinforcement of low rates of responding ; DRL) DRL .DRL . ) vs ,

DRL . . .

.

E-mail : sblee@cheonan.ac.kr