Global Wind Day Conference
2011. 6. 15
KWEIA
, EU
, KWEIA
KWEIA
1(~1800 )
() ,
2(1900~2000)
-> ,, -> -> : 30% , -> ( )
3(2050 )
(,,,, )
-> -> -> -> ( )KWEIA
: 2009GWEA report
(M bbl/day)
1 (Mtoe)
(Mtoe)
+70%
+21%86.5 105
+37%12,267 16,800 8,428 14,361
2008
2030
2008
2030
2008
2030
9.4% 16% 2% 14% 2% 15.7%
9.9%15.7 % 15%
2,300 GW
68%
615 GW
49.8 %
372 GW
120 GW
2008
2030
2008 2030
2008 2030
KWEIA
Net in EU(2000 ~ 20100
KWEIA
KWEIA
2011 40GW 2015 450GW (2010 194.4GW). ( 18.2% 10 28% 60.5GW 2010 35.8GW )
2010 2008/2009 .2010 960 31% . 2010 16.5GW 1 2015 60GW 146.1GW , . .
2 . . 5 94.2GW 2 ,, . 2010 2GW 2015 19GW .KWEIA
KWEIA
( ) 2500 (G W )
2300
2000
1500
1000
1000
Up-trend
500
300
0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
Source: GWEC 2009
Real Data 2008 Forecas t
2005 Forecas t 2009.11 Forecas t
KWEIA
,,, (Scenario 3 , 1/2)
Source:GWEC2010
KWEIA
,,, (Scenario 3 , 2/2)
Source: GWEC2010
KWEIA
KWEIA
(MW) 400 350 300 250 200 400 150 100 50 0 300 200 100 0 900(GWh) 800 700 600 500
2000 6 16.7
2001 8 12.6
2002 13 14.9
2003 18 24.8
2004 68 47.4
2005 99 129.9
2006 178 238.9
2007 196 375.6
2008 236 436
2009 349 680
2010 379 811.8
KWEIA
, FIT(Feed in Tariff) RPS(Renewable Portfolio System) 2010 0.176% KWEIA
WTG (1) WTG (FIT) 4 WTG STX 1.65MW / 2MW / 2.5MW 2.5MW 1.25MW / 2MW 2MW 5.5MW 5MW 6MW 7MWKWEIA
WTG (2) 2010 WTG WTG , , , WTG Tower, Blades, Main shaft, Generator, Transformers, Gearbox, Nacelle, Control System, Cable
WTG
KWEIA
( iHS Energy Research Institute )
KWEIA
1.
7 R&D . 72(128.6MW) 65(130MW) , 80(200MW) MOU . ( ) 2. 5.5MW 2011 , 6.5MW 2012 , 6~7MW 2012 .
KWEIA
KWEIA
KWEIA
1. 9 82 (58 ) , 2.5GW 2013 100MW, 2016 900MW, 2016 1.5GW (PPP) 500 WTG 2. 4GW, 1GW 3. 2030 23GW 50TWh , 10% .KWEIA
KWEIA
KWEIA
(--)2010 () 35.2% () 6.5%
2050 (+40) 10%
76GW 420TWh 58.3%
20%
120GW 600TWh 25%
45%
1970 (-40)
() 13%
2.7GW 9.7TWh 87%KWEIA
/
( ):(107 W/KWh)
( )RPS: (SMP+ REC= 130 + 40/80 won/KWh) .
.
. 1) (250m 45Db) 2) )
1) ( ) 2) .
KWEIA
()
(2010. 10. 13)
1) 2 . 3 .
2) 2020 7.7 GW .3) RPS 2012 . SMP REC . 170/KWh(130 + 40/ KWh) . 210/KWh(130 + 80/KWh) . ( SMP , REC )
4) . , 20MW 22.9KV . 5) .KWEIA
1. Community Wind Power () 10MW , , , . 10 MW 33.3% 2. () 100KW 22.9KV , (Electricity Banking System) .
KWEIA
1. 2.5GW : 2. 4GW : 3. 1GW : 4.
KWEIA
1. .
2. .(Tower, , Shaft, Bearing, Cable, )3. Marketing Network . 4. . 5. ,,, , Inter net SCADA .KWEIA
1. Risk Hedge : EPC Guarantee O & M : Credit 2. Fund Source: : Pension 50% . DONG Energy PensionDanmark PKA 30% 20% . . 60 ~ 70% . .KWEIA
1. : : ,
2. : 450ppm ( 2 )3. 4. VRE VRE 63% FAST KWEIA
: GWEC/ JWEA
KWEIA
KWEIA
KWEIA
KWEIA
KWEIA
KWEIA
KWEIA
KWEIA
Road Map 3 2015 2020 : 25,000MW = 2038 : 7,500MW = 2044 : 17,500MW = 2048 [MW] 2050 10% 2008 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 1,854 3,000 6,500 11,100 16,300 21,200 24,500 25,000 25,000 25,000 0 0 10 200 1,200 2,900 5,100 7,000 7,500 7,500 0 0 0 10 600 2,900 7,100 12,300 16,600 17,500 1,854 3,000 6,510 11,310 18,100 27,000 36,700 44,300 49,100 50,000KWEIA
KWEIA
(Grid Integration Variable Renewable Energy)
:IEA
KWEIA
via GIVARGIVAR : Flexible Assessment Tool(FAST) Variable Renewable Energy(VRE) . : 8 : 19% : 27 % : 29% Nordic market: 48% Denmark: 63% GIVAR: Grid Integration with Variable Renewable Energy
KWEIA
FAST Method for improving GIVAR
KWEIA
VRE
KWEIA
KWEIA
KWEIA
Over view of Flexibility of Needs and Resources
KWEIA
Power System Integration through an Intellerigent Grid
KWEIA
KWEIA
20 (2009 )
KWEIA
40% (Island Case Sturdy )
KWEIA
KWEIA
MW 2000 346 2001 402 2002 469 2003 567 2004 764 2005 1,260 2006 2,599 2007 5,910 2008 12,020 2009 25,805 2010 42,287
2006 2009 2 2009
2010 16,500MW 1
2020 200GW 440TWh
KWEIA
WTG 2010 4 10
(Sinovel/Goldwind/UnitedPower,/Dongfang Electric) Global Trend Sinovel, Goldwind, XEMC, Mingyang, Shanghai Electric Group 5MW WTG
Guodian (Longyuan Electric Group), Datang, Huaneng Huadian, Guohua 5 80%
, KWEIA
2011 WTG
2011 3 12 5
2015 90GW, 2020 200GW .
KWEIA
: 1,000GW (:750GW,: 250GW) : 25GW(2009) : 18 GW 2010.3 : 102MW() 2015 : 2.7GW
KWEIA
Scenario
Source:GWEC 2010
KWEIA
: : 102MW(3MWx34units)
: Sinovel Wind : 2010.3. : Shanghai Donghai Wind Power Co.,Ltd.(Invested by China Power InternationalDevelopment Ltd.,Guandong Nuclear Power Group, Shanghai Green Energy)
: Investors above. : 3 Billion RMB :258.5GWh annually
KWEIA
MW 2000136
2001302
2002338
2003580
2004809
20051,049
20061,309
20071,538
20081,880
20092,085
20102,304
15 ~ 17
2000 136MW 2008 1,880MWdp KWEIA
10
, , WGT WGT
WGT
JWEA JWPA R&D ,
WGT WGT ,
* :2011 2 ( )KWEIA
2008 50
KWEIA
EU
KWEIA
EU MW 2001 17,315 2002 23,159 2003 28,598 2004 34,371 2005 40,511 2006 48,029 2007 56,531 2008 64,719 2009 74,767 2010 84,074
2010
2010 EU
9,259
8,377
: MW
624EU EU
: MW
883
KWEIA
EU EU 20% , , , , (NREAPs) , 2 EC
(NREAP) 2020 20% 256GW 681TWh 16.7% KWEIA
EU 2010
1,516 1,493 1,086 962 948 603 448 382
350345KWEIA
KWEIA
EU Offshore EU 25.5m, 35.7km , .
Super Grid 2010 12 10 256GW 681TWh 16.7% , , , , , , , , 2012 , KWEIA
EU Offshore EU MW 2000 36 2001 86 2002 256 2003 515 2004 605 2005 695 2006 787 2007 1,106 2008 1,479 2009 2,064 2010 2,946
New Offshore Capacity in 20102 50 165
Share of EU Offshore Market in 20102% 3%
UK Denmark458 32%
Belgium Germany FinlandVestas Siemens Repower BARD
63%
207
*:MW
** : 883Mw
KWEIA
EU 2050 : 50 % : 30 % : 10% : 10%
KWEIA
EU ( 1)
( 3 )
KWEIA
EU ( 4 ,2030)
KWEIA
KWEIA
KWEIA
Overseas Market of Offshore Wind in EU
KWEIA
Overseas Market of Off-shore Wind in EU
KWEIA
KWEIA
MW 2000 406 2001 8,754 2002 11,994 2003 14,609 2004 16,629 2005 18,415 2006 20,622 2007 22,247 2008 23,903 2009 25,777 2010 27,214
2010 37.3TWh , 6.2% ( 17% ) 25.5m, 35.7km , .
2011 300MW 1,800MW
2020 10,000MW, 45,000MW 150TWh 25% KWEIA
in Germany
KWEIA
KWEIA
,Alpha-Ventus Project1): 5MW x 12(Repower:6,Multibrid:6) 2) :Borkum 45Km EEZ 3) :10m/s( ), Capacity Factor:43.37%: CF 25 ~ 28.5%
4):10m(high), 6~8m/s(Average) 5): 20 6) : * 1999/2001: * 2001: * 2005. PROKON Nord * 2006.6:DOTI Joint Company (SPC: E.ON, EWE,AG ,Vattenfall Europ) * 2007.6:Areva Multibrid 5MWx6 * 2007.7:Areva Transformer, Offshore Substation * 2008.11:Repower 5MWx6 * 2009.11: , * : 250 Million Euros. 7) : Multibrid 6 Gearbox .KWEIA
KWEIA
MW 2000 406 2001 474 2002 552 2003 648 2004 888 2005 1,353 2006 1,962 2007 2,406 2008 2,974 2009 4,245 2010 5,204
2010 40 962MW 2,506MW / 6,177MW / 9,202MW
Scotland(2,374 MW), North West(1,009 MW) W ales(530 MW)
1,341MW 1,154MW , 2011 KWEIA
2010 10 , 6 (7,100 / 9,700 )
Siemens, General Electric, Gamesa 3 (3 55 / 4 8 4 )
Mitsubishi 1 (1 8 8 / 1 6 1 ) KWEIA
Overseas Market of Off-shore WindRound 2 in UK
KWEIA
Overseas Market of Offshore WindRound 3 in UKScottish Territorial Waters (STW) and Round 3 Sites
Key 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
STW Site Name Wigtown Bay Solway Firth Kintyre Islay Argyll Array Beatrice Inch Cape Bell Rock Neart na Gaoith e Forth Array Round 3 Site Moray Firth Firth of Forth Total
Developer DONG Energy E.ON SSE Renewables SSE Renewables Scottish Power Renewables SSE Renewables & SeaEnergy RWE Npower & SeaEnergy SSE Renewables & Fluor Mainstream Fred Olsen EDP Renewables & SeaEnergy SSE Renewables and Fluor
MW 280 300 378 680 1,500 920 905 700 360 415 1,300 3,500 11,238Source: Crown Estate 2010
11
12
KWEIA
KWEIA
MW 2000 2,578 2001 4,275 2002 4,685 2003 6,372 2004 6,725 2005 9,149 2006 11,575 2007 16,824 2008 25,237 2009 35,159 2010 40,180
2010 5,115MW (2009 50% ) 2
2030 20% 2010 2% 2030 20% (DOE )KWEIA
2011 5,600MW 2009 , 2011
2011 (ITC) , 2011
KWEIA
2030 20%
KWEIA
KWEIA
KWEIA
KWEIA
KWEIA
: Cape Offshore Wind Project1)Capacity:468MW(3.6MWx130units) 2) Location: Massachusetts State of USA3) Progress: - :2001 - :20104(Massachusetts local Gov.) - :2013 4) PPA:20.7 cents/KWh for 15 years with annual inflation adjustment of 3.5% over 15 years, 34.7cents/KWh at the end of the contract. 5) : Energy price:12.5, REC:6.7, Hedge value(CRA):1.5, total:20.7cents/KWh 6) : 2% (1.59 $/month/customer)
KWEIA
MW 2001 198 2002 236 2003 322 2004 444 2005 684 2006 1,460 2007 1,846 2008 2,372 2009 3,319 2010 4,009
2010 2010 : 690MW : 1.7 billion (EUR 1.3 bn / USD 1.7 bn) :British Columbia, Alberta, Ontario, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia (Ontario 1,458MW / Alberta 806MW / Quebec 663MW)
6 10 . 5 3 KWEIA
2015 12,000MW 2025 20% (CanWEAs)
2011 1,000MW 5 6,000MW
Saskatchewan, New Brunswick and Prince Edward KWEIA
Government policies and environmental priorities driving for change Renewable Energy Supply (RES) Projects Renewable Energy Standard Offer Program (RESOP) Feed-in Tariff (FIT) and Green Energy and Green Economy Act (GEGEA) 2009 Ontarios Feed-in Tariff (FIT program) FIT Projects Renewables including onshore & off shore wind
Wind capacity expected to again double by end of 2011 Korean Consortium (2500 MW renewable generation):,: 1 600MW Siemens WTG, CS Wind 99 KWEIA
,
KWEIA
(V-90, 3 MW)
KWEIA
System/Parts Bearings for 3 Blades and Hub
:Hansen
:
KWEIA
Inside of Nacelle(4-2)
KWEIA
WTG 3 D Model(V-90, 3MW)Hub: Opening(3):Pitching Gear box Breaker : 10 3000
Tower opening: Yawing KWEIA
Yaw control
105
KWEIA
Pitch control in Hub
106
KWEIA
Bearings made by Iljin Global BearingPitching Bearing
Yawing BearingKWEIA
Hydraulic Pitching Control Solution
KWEIA
Gearbox (Hansen )
KWEIA
Generator and Transformer
KWEIA
/
KWEIA
KWEIA
SCADA System of Wind Farm
KWEIA
Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations U.S. ExampleLand-based
Shallow Water
Transitional Depth
Deepwater Floating
Commercially Proven TechnologyEstimated US Resource Energy National Renewable 0m-30m 430-GW
Demonstration Phase30m-60m 541-GW 60m-900m 1533-GWKWEIA
Laboratory No exclusions assumed for resource estimates Innovation for Our Energy Future
Offshore Wind Environment and its Challenging
KWEIA
NREL Simulation of Floating Barge Turbine System
ADAMS mov.wmv
KWEIA
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Innovation for Our Energy Future
Spar Buoy Floating Wind Turbine: HywindWorlds first largescale floating wind turbine Siemens SWT-2.3 MW Hywind R&D project by StatoilHydro, and Siemens, expected to produce power in July 2010 12 km southeast of Karmy in Norway SWT - 2.3 MW architecture 82 meter diameter 65 meter tower Spar buoy technology 100 meter draft 202 meter water depth Reference: w1.siemens.com
Image Credit: www.greenlaunches.com
KWEIA
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Innovation for Our Energy Future
Power Network in off-shore wind project (Case of ABB)
KWEIA
KWEIA
KWEIA
KWEIA
Cable Installation under the sea and its equipment
KWEIA
DC Cable application (ABB )
KWEIA
Eemshaven- Thiaf
KWEIA
(Capacity Factor) (Capex) O & M (Opex) (Financial Cost) (Developing Cost) * (Consent of Residential People) * (Site Availability ) (Accessibility to Power Grid) (National Recognition and Acceptance by People) (Project Management) (Local Availability of WTG Supply, Engineering and Construction Capability) (Availability of Harbor Facility) (Availability of Erection Vessel) (Availability of Cable Laying Vessel)KWEIA
KWEIA
EU ( WTG ) Risk .
WTG , , . . ; , , , Vestas ( ) ( ) . : : 2+1, 1+1 .KWEIA
(, )
KWEIA
O & M
KWEIA
Web site:www.kweia.or.kr
KWEIA
2011. 6.
1
11
20
22
1
.
1.2 bbl : (300 bbl/) 40 6 TCF : (105 TCF/) 60 9 : (60 /) 150
: 61.5%( 22%, 11.4%, 9.5%) : 40.5%( 15.5%), 26.3%
(UAE-) : 67% () : 90%
: 12 , Gulf War, : (), 2
.
* 30 08 30.5% , 54%(IEA] - OECD : [09) 46% [30) 58% * (bbl/d) : ( ) 8,600, () 2,080, () 750, () 280 * 1 (bbl/) : () 25.6, () 16.2, () 1.9, () 0.8
, * , , 3
.
05.2.16 : (01.3, ) 08~12 (, CDM, )
2012 - : ,, :
(adoption) 2 / / (10.1) (10~12 300, ~20 1000) 10.12 4
.
,
10 1,500 25 25% * 09 5.4%( 10.2%)
EU20 20%* 09 9.9%( 22.5%) *20 : 49.0%, 30.0%, 18.7%, 15.0%
35 80% * : , , * 09 : 186
20 10%* 09 3.2%( 9.5%) *10 : 28GW, 5GW
20 15%*10 : 511 *20 7,400 - 20GW, 150GW
5
4. ( : )
.
()
8,000~10,000 4,000
46004
2,430
10
15
20
* 04 ~ 10 32%
(10)( : )
11,600 5,000
10,000
5,000
2,430425
4,450
885
6
5. : (10)311(19)9893~5 Grid Parity* : 10 16.5GW, 11 20GW
.
, , , 09 First Solar() Suntech Q.Cells() SHARP() Yingli JA solar Trinasolar
10 Suntech JA Solar First Solar() Trinasolar Q. Cells() Yingli Motec()
1 , 7
1.5% 2.4% 0.9% 2.7% 5.5% 3.3%
.
6.7%
7.3% 10.3% 7.6%
51.6%
1.7% 2.0% 2.5% 4.0% 5.5% 7.0%
1.5%
10.1% 37.9%
10 16,463 MW
16.9% 11.0%
11 20,069 MW8
.
: (10)665
(20)1,229
Grid Parity * : 10 200GW
20 1,900GW
Vestas 1, * :
071. VESTAS . 3. GAMESA . 8. GOLD WIND . 10. SINOVEL
101. VESTAS 2. SINOVEL . 4. GOLD WIND 7. DONGFANG 8. GAMESA
5MW , * : 3.6GW 15 26GW 9
.
: (10)564
(20)1,128
EU 2.78% 1.49% 5.34%
2.80%
33.76%
53.83% 1.73% 3.74% 7.61% 8.43%
8.35%
73,751 L (09 )
10.23%
EU 59.92%
16,436 L (09 )10
11
1.
.
: ( 03~ 07)1.4 ( 08~ 10) 2 ( 11)1 35
* Value Chain
,
()2.2 192 215
()3.6 13,380 10,407
()6.2 5.1 1.3 8.1
()5.9 25.9 7.8 45.8
100
3,691
07
09 10
07
09 10
07
09
10
07
09
1012
11 17,180
11 14.9
11 87.4
2. () ()3.2 83 97
.
, 2
()7.4 1,156 8,579
30
1,156
07
09 10
07
09
10
11 11,826
()14.8 3.1 0.4 07 09 10
()4.4
() 7.3
5.9
37.9
2.9
17.31.8 0.4
2.2
07 09
10
07 09
1013
11 10.9
11 70.6
11 3.6
Value Chain Value Chain /
( )
36,200(18.4%)
1,650MW(5.4%)
2,630MW(12.0%)
1,589MW(5.5%)
180MW(1.1%)
(09)
55,160(28.0%)
6,820MW(31.0%)
12,900MW(44.9%)
13,200MW(43.3%)
450MW(2.8%)
(=100)
98~100
91 LST 65%
90~91 LG 90%
91 LG 70%
91~95 LG CNS SND 14
OCI KCC 80%
(10. 12 )
200 100 200 110 60 30 650 6,000 100 270 530 75 300 27,000 500 470 30 90 370 140 50 50 180 290 540
() (MW) (MW) (MW)300 200 530 100
(MW)
140
370 200
0200 6,000 27,000 3,200 0 50 50 100 500 110 270 470
3060 650 30 540 75 225 115 180 290
9036,200 1,580 1,140 1,310 1,845
3,200 115
15
Value-Chain () (MW)3,700 3,700
(11/12)(MW)3,930 3,340
68 51 36
1,580
1,140
10
11
12
10
11
12
10
11
12
(MW)2,680 1,860 1,310
(MW)3,350 2,850 1,845
10
11
12
10
11
12
11~15 20 16
2. () , ()1.9 2,411 23 2,654
.
2
()1.4 32
30
1,430
07
09 10
07
09
10
11 3,016
()2.0 1.2 1.2 0.6
()1.3 8.4 7.9
() 1.6 0.6 0.5
5.90.3
07 09
10
07 09
10
07 09
1017
11 2.7
11 16.7
11 0.7
3. ()
.
( )* 36,450kW (10 )
/ (10) 21kW, 209kW (10)
( 100MW) (11 3)
* (: kl) : 105,705(07)196,289(08)280,872(09)394,836(10)
* 22, (SK, )
(254MW) (11 6 )* , ,
IGCC
R&D 2 (11)* 2015 300MW
18
3.
.
19
20
.
15 5 (10. 10 VIP ) 2 , 2 15 (%) : 15%, 15%
( : )
50( : )
( : , )
11( : )
362
8.6 5.7
20 8.110 12 15
107 45.810 12 15
2.7 1.010 12 15
3.6
10
12
15
1 R&D
2
3
4
15 40( 33, 7) 21
22
1. R&D 1
.
15 1.5 * ,
(, , )
10
( [5WM ], ) (SOFC )
(, )
(IGCC)
23
2015 2GW
CIGS (11) CIGS ,
(11) , ,
(13)
(11) (12) (14) * ,
24
2
.
15 1 (%)(2)
, SKC , FA
Dupont, Merk GT Solar, Schmid Gmbh
50 50~75
(2)
Winergy, Hansen SKF, FAGABB, Siemens LM, Vestas Asahi Glass, Dupont Gore, 3M
50 5050 75 60 50
, , , , KM, , , FCP
(4)
MEA
* R&D : 12 50% 25
3
.
Test-bed Test-bed (11 6)*
Test-bed * : ( ), ()
: , M&A * M&A : (), STX (), ()
: * : Supply Chain * : - / -
26
2. 110
.
10 10 1Green Post Green Port Green School Green Island Green Logistics Green Industrial Complex Green Highway Green Army Green Factory Green Power
, , 2,746 , 28 11,080 , ( 132) , , , , , , , , ,
23 4
56 7 8 9
(40), (347), (396), (6)
, ,
(167), (6 , 49 , 305 ) , , , , , , , , ,
10
27
.
(roof-top),
* 11 ( 7% 10%) 12 RPS *
Track Record * (20MW)(40MW) ,
, , * , 1
4 16 ( 60.4MW, 2,091, )
4 13 * 4
28
2
.
RPS : 2%(12) 10%(22)
RPS (12~)
* RPS (12 ~ 22) : 49
* 12 200MW 20MW , 16 1.2GW
,
(Community Ownership) * 11
Korea Super Grid
29
3. 1 Top-3
.
3
(5MW ) (12) 100MW(5MW 20) (13)* * * 5+2
19 2.5GW(5MW 500) ( 9 )(100MW, 13) (900MW, 15) (1,500MW, 19)
19 7.7GW 30
2
.
(11 90)
(feasibility study)
,
,
(Single Gateway) (ODA), , Track Record
* : + * MoU : + * : + SDN (42MW 40MW )
31
3
.
50
15 1 50
, R&D
32
4. 1 1,000
.
()
1.6
(On-Lending), ()
MOU * : Suntech(2), Yingli(4), Trinasolar(7) 171
* : 30%, 50%, 20%( 55 ) * : ( 3 ) 50% (4~6) 33
2
.
R&D
* : 15 20,600
R&D
*16 1
*, ,
, * + : 34
.
3
20MW
Fast Track
3kW
, , 35
2011. 6. 15
1. (98MW) (40MW) (6.8MW) (61.5MW) (3MW)
(2.8MW)
(39.6MW) (7.9MW)
(3MW)
(0.7MW)
(1.7MW)
(1.5MW)
(9.8MW) (12MW)
(21MW)
2.
[ : Global Wind Report - Annual market update 2010, GWEC]
2.
[ : Global Wind Report - Annual market update 2010, GWEC]
2.
[ : Global Wind Report - Annual market update 2010, GWEC]
1. ()
()
3MW : 3MW :
( ) 100MW : 100MW :
: 10MW : 10MW
`
2.
,
7( ), 12( ) 4( ), 62( ) 4( ), 5( ), 7( )
3,000kW : () 3,000kW : , 3,000kW
2. : : ,
, ,
,
() , , , ,
3,000kW - : 1 1 : 200kW : 200kW [ ]
3,000kW
5 ( 2 )
2.
/
/
/
2
10%
( )
10,
3-1.
100MW
10MW , 3MW , 100MW , ,
4(), 5( ), 7( ), 8( ), 10( ), 11( ), 12 ( ) 3( ), 4( ), 5( ), 6( ), 8( ), [ 1] , [ 2]
3-1.
100MW
, , : 30
30 1
( 31 33 3 ( 145
3-2.
100MW
5(), 7( ), 10( ),
25( ) ~ 253( ),27( ) 7( ) ~ 8( )
,
3-2. 30
100MW
, , , ( ) 2 2 ( ) , , , . (), ( ) 1: 25,000 1: 3,000 1: 25,000 255 1 ( )
(CD-ROM) 1
3-2.
100MW
1 . 1 . . [ 1] 1. (SO2, CO, NO2, PM-10(), O3, Pb) 2. (, )
3. (, , , )
, .
4-1.
, , 18 , , , 53
56( ) ~ 65( ) 51( ) ~ 61( ) 9() ~ 10( )
, , : 15
4-1. [ ( 55) ] : 1 : 3 : 5 : 3 : 3 : 5
, , , , , , , 56 6152
4-1. 61 18
,
,
.
, ,
4-1. [ 1. 2. 3. ( 61)
]
4. 5. 6. ,
7. 8. 9. , 10. (1) , (2) 11. , 12. 13. 14. 15. , 16. 17. 18. ,
4-1. 20% ,
[ 60]
[
( 59)]
, ,
4-1. 1 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 1
1 1 , , , , ,
4-2.
,
9( ), 14() ~ 21( ) 8( ), 15( ) ~ 26( ) 5( ), 10( ) ~ 22( ) 36( ) 41( ) ~ 43( )
, , , : 30
4-2.
10 ,
4-2. 23( ) 5
,
4-2. 1 ( , , , ) 1 ( ) 1
1/25,000 (10m2 ) 1 1/6,000 1/1,200 1 1 () 1 1
43 7
4-3.
, ,
34( ) ~ 43( ) 32( ) ~ 60( ) 26( ) ~ 53( )
: 72 1 , , : 72 2
4-3. 34( ) 34( )
,
4-3. 30%
, , , 2 , 1
4-3. 1 , , , , , 8 1 1
( ) 1 (, ) 1
, , 1 ( 2 1022522828233 34237 372 ) 1
4-4.
, ,
14( ), 20( ), 25( ) 17( ), 19( ), 22( ) 12( )
, , : 7
4-4.
1 1
1/6,000 1/1,200 ( ) 1 ( ) 1
4-5.
,
4() 2( ), 6( ) 1( )
: 7
4-5. 1
1 1 ( 22) 1 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1
4-6.
(
)
23( )
4( )
, ,
: 2 : 3
4-6.
,
1 1
1 1 1
4-7.
,
23( ) 16( ) 15( )
: 35
4-7. ( ) ( )
1 1 ( ) 1
( ) 1
4-8.
38( ) ~ 44( ) 28( ) 17( )
: : , , , :
4-8. 28 [ 12]
1
1 1( ) 1( ) ( )
5-1.
90( ) 52( ) ~ 53( ) 81, 81 2( )
, , ,
5-1. , ,
1 5 ( 1/5,000~1/10,000 ) 3( 2, 1)
2 ( 1, 1)
5-2.
11(), 17( ), 18( ), 21( ), 22( ), 44( )
8(), 9( ), 17( ), 28( ) 6( ), 10( ), 14( ), 16()
, ,
5-2.
1(, , 8 151 16 )
5 (7 )
2 (7 . ,19 4 )
86
5-3.
82( ) 118( ) 41( )
, ,
1 1 1
5-4.
,
23() 17( ), 21( ) 18( )
5-4.
1 1 1 ( ) 1
5-5.
, ,
13 ( ) 13 ( ) 7 ( )
5-5. 1 (1:50,000 1:25,000 ) 1 1
1(, ) 1 (, ) 1
5-6.
, 60m
83( ) 22( ) 247( ), 251( )
5-6. 1 1 1 ( )
6.
,
61( ) 42( ) 28( )
: :
6. : 10,000kW
: 10,000kW
1 1 8 2 1 - , , 25 1 , , 1 1 223 ( ) , 1
1 1 1 1 1
7-1. -
,
15( ) 6 ( ) 14( ) ()
3(), 4() 5()
7-1. - () (1)
(2) (Flicker) ( ) ( )
(1): (2): (www.kepco.co.kr) cyber
7-2. -
31() 19() ()
()
7-2. - 1
1 1 () 1 1 , , 1
: 20( 1 ) 3MW 103MW 20MW 20MW 500MW 500MW 1,000MW
1,000MW 5,000
60
120
1,000
7-3. -
63() 31( )
1 () 1 1
8. ()
()
3,000kW : () 3,000kW :
3,000kW ( ) 100MW : 100MW : ,
`
8. () ( )
()
`
10,000kW : 10,000kW :
8. ( )
()
()
`
1. [ ]
1 : , 2 : 1 : , 3
2.
45~65dBA 72,
100~106dBA 200~300m 50dBA
,
() ( , , )
2. ,
1km
30 , 30
3.
- 1 36 31 13 4 5 9 (MW) 1,156 1,028 484 140 134 270
- , , , - , -
Fast Track
, , ,
[ ]
RPS REC
2011. 6. 15 [email protected]
12
RPS
REC
3 4
REC
REC
- EPRC
I
RPS
/
- EPRC
RPS
KERI(08), () (1,000,000 MWh/year)
x
(3%)
=
(30,000 MWh/year)
30,000MWh
REC
Renewable Energy Certificate
- EPRC
4
RPS
1983 ( ), 1994 ( ), 1996( ) 2008, RPS (Waxman Markey Bill)American Clean Energy and Security Act of 2009
2009 6, (219 vs. 212) 2010, 29 D.C. RPS (6 )
RPS RPS
12 + D.C
17 6 1 1
- EPRC
RPS Quota Obligation, Renewable Obligation, Tradable Green Certificates , , , , FIT : , , 30
20% (20) 02.4 , 07 7.75% (12) 01.1 , 07 FIT (PV) 11.1% (16) 03.5 9,500GWh (10) 02.4 16,000GWh (14) 03.4 , 09 FIT (PV)
- EPRC
125 2 (10%)
125( ) 1 ( ) 10% . .
184 2
+
( 3)
184( ) 3 , , 3 .
(%)[ 3]
(%)
'12
'13
'14
'15
'16
'17
'18
'19
'20
'21
'22~
2.0
2.5
3.00.5%p
3.5
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0 10.0
1.0%p
- EPRC
7
125 125( ) 1 ( ) 10% . .
184 184( ) 125 2 4 . .
[ 4]1. 2. : 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016~
263 GWh
552 GWh
867 GWh
1,209 GWh
1,577 GWh
()
2012 200 MW
2013 420 MW
2014 660 MW
2015 920 MW
2016~ 1200 MW
- EPRC
8
- ()
Tier 0 0.25
Tier 1
0.5
Tier 1 0.5Tier 2 1.0 Tier 2 1.0 Tier 3 1.2 Tier 3 1.5 Tier 4 1.5
IGCC (RDF) ()
Tier 4 2.0
- EPRC
9
1 2 3 0.25 0.5 1.0 IGCC1), ()1,2) , , , , (), I ( ), RDF3) ,
45
1.52.0
(), ( 5km )4),( 5km ), II ( ),
1. IGCC" 12 5 10% , 0 2. 2010 4 12 7 2011 12 31 63 . 3. RDF 203 7 RDF . , RDF RDF 70% . 4. RPS ( RPS ) 5. .
- EPRC
10
1 2 3 4 1.2 1.5 1.2 1.5 KERI 0.5 1.0 0.7 1.0
5 (, , , , ) 23 ) (30kW ) 23 ) (30kW )
) 23 : , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,
1
. ()
- EPRC
11
, / FIT , ( ) , RPS ( : 10%)
, : ( : )
5MW , REC
- EPRC
12
2012.1.1 , .
5,000kW / RPA/ // (,) 2 (09~11) RPS
RPA
[] ( )
RPS
- EPRC
13
2 RPA RPS RPA (2, 09~11) RPS 2012 1 1
KERI )
2009
2010
2011
1.15 1.32009 2010 2011 1.15 09
1.10 1.210 10
1.05 1.111 11 11
1.10 2012
1.05
- EPRC
10.3 KEMCO/KPX RPS (12)
14
184( )
1252 4 . . 3 .
50% , .
() ( 5,000MW ) 50%
- EPRC
15
II REC
--
- EPRC
REC
RPS
RPS
(REC) (REC) (REC)
A1 REC
B
>
1 REC
- EPRC
17
REC
127 1292
129128 . 1. , , 2. 3. 4. ( ) .
- EPRC 18
REC
( )
- EPRC
19
REC
(, )
SMP , REC
< (SMP+REC)
,
- EPRC
20
REC
: ( REC : 10%~30%, REC : 30%~50%) : (12) (551REC ~ 1,652REC), (79REC ~ 132REC) (22) (4,543REC ~ 13,630REC), (473REC ~ 789REC) 30% 20% 10% 13,630
789
631 473
9,087
1,652 1,101 551 REC : 1MWh 1REC 10% 20% 30% 2012 551 1,101 1,652 2013 771 1,541 2,312 2014 983 1,965 2,948 2015 1,203 2,407 3,610 2016 1,426 2,852 4,278 2017 1,941 3,883 5,824 2018 2,440 4,879 7,319 2019 2,958 5,915 8,873 2020 3,482 6,965
4,543
132 105 79
50% 40% 30%
[ : REC]2021 4,005 8,009 2022 4,543 9,087
REC : 1MWh 1REC 30% 40% 50% 2012 79 105 132 2013 166 221 276 2014 260 347 434 2015 363 484 605 2016 473 631 789 2017 473 631 789 2018 473 631 789 2019 473 631 789 2020
[ : REC]2021 473 631 789 2022 473 631 789 473 631 789
10,447 12,014 13,630
- EPRC
21
(e-ROC Auction ) 3
ROC Bidding Offer (reserve price)
1 Bidder
3
1,000 50
E-ROC
ROC ROC
ROC[]
1,500 40 1,200 60 []
1,300 40
ROC[]
1,100 50 900 70 []
ROC
- EPRC
22
(Flett Exchange SREC Auction ) : 11:00 ~ 24:00
( )A: 900 602
1,100 x 60 = 66,000 1,000 x 40 = 40,000 = 106,000 100 106,000 = 1,060
SREC : 900 : 100[]
B : 1,000 40
A : 1,100 60() []
1
= 1,060
- EPRC
23
(NYSERDA ) : RFP : (SBC) : ( )
(1MWh )
REA
: 1,000 : 30 : 900 : 50 : 1,100 : 20 []
REA
NYSERDA
( )
()
REA
() () REC , (Unbundled)
* REA = Renewable Energy Attributes
- EPRC
24
(Renewable Auction Mechanism) : 20MW
2 3 (IOU) : 1 2, ( 250MW)
( : 4/2)
REC REC
20MW : 1,000 15MW :
RECSCE (125MW)[]
17MW : 1,100 12MW :
. . .
. . .
900
REC REC
. . .
900
PG&E (105MW)[]
REC
18MW : 1,100 []
20MW : 1,000 []
- EPRC
25
() (CA) CPUC RAM RFP 20MW 1,000MW (PG&E, SEC, SD&E) Pay as Bid Bundle 10 2 () (NJ) (Flett Exchange) (, ) SREC ( ) Unbundle
(NY) PSC RFP (SBC) NYSERDA () Pay as Bid Renewable Attribute Unbundle 10 2015
NFPAS (e-ROC) () ROC Unbundle 2037
ORER (LGC Market) (, ) LGC Unbundle
- EPRC
26
III REC
- EPRC
REC
( )
( , ) : ( ) :
- EPRC
28
REC
/
/
- EPRC
29
REC
1 ( 13 )
()
RPS Phase 2 (2015~2017), , (), -
Phase 1 (2012~2014), , ()
Phase 3 (2018 ), , () , -
- EPRC
30
REC ( )
3 ( 1) (G+1) (G+6) (G+20) (G+2) (G+7) (G+21)
1 1 3
G G G
/ , RPS 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 (, , )
- EPRC
31
REC
10 1
1 1
5,000
5,000 10,000
5 10
5 10
50,000 50,000
10,000 50,000 100,000 500,000
50,000 100,000 500,000
50100 500 1,000
50100 100 100
1 REC 1 REC 1,000 5,000
1. 100kWh 2. 1MWh 1MWh
1 2
- EPRC
32
IV REC
- EPRC
A B
C
D
/
AB C D a b c d E
ab c d e
( )
- EPRC
34
30 or 60
(A) (B)
[ 1, ]
(B)
(K)
- EPRC
35
: (/REC) : (/REC) ( ) : 1 REC : 1,000 ( 5,000) 09 09 (24) , 10 09 09 50 30 ( 60) schedule
09 50 schedule 10 16 30 ( 60) : 25, : 5 ( 55/5)
- EPRC
36
24REC 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16t, 09:00 ~ 09:00
09:00 ~ 09:50
(REC)
5,000/kWh
10,000 5 160
/kWh
15,000 3 200
/kWh
20,000 4 150
/kWh
4 120RECs
RECs
RECs
RECs
- EPRC
37
09:00 ~ 09:50
10:00 ~ 15:505,000 /kWh 40 RECs
A B C
: C
6,000 /kWh 25 RECs
6,000
7,000
8,000
: B 5,000 /kWh 40 RECs7,000 : C /kWh 30 RECs
7,000 A A
A
B
C
8,500B B
8,000C
6,000 7,000 7,000 A B
8,000C
: B8,000 /kWh 25 RECs
9,000
8,000
5,000/kWh
10,000
/kWh
15,000
/kWh
20,000
/kWh
4120RECs
5160RECs
3200RECs
4150RECs
: A
C
9,000
7,000
8,000
- EPRC
38
5,000/MWh ~
5,000~ A6,000
6,000~ A7,000
7,000~ C8,000
8,000~ C8,000
10:00 ~ 10:3010,000/MWh ~
C8,000
B8,500
B9,000
A9,500
C8,000
B7,000
A7,000
B9,000
10,000~ A F12,000
11,000~A 12,500 D F11,500 12,000
12,000~ A13,000
13,000~ F12,000
10:30 ~ 11:0015,000/MWh ~
14,000~ F12,000
F
D14,000
D14,000
A15,000
D
A13,000
D
10,000 11,000
14,500 12,000
15,000~ B15,000
16,000~ B17,000
11:00 ~ 11:30
17,000~ G B17,000
G16,000
G18,000
16,000
11:30 ~ 12:00
20,000/MWh ~
20,000~G 22,000 C D20,000 21,000
21,000~ C24,000
22,000~C 24,000 G23,000
23,000~ G C24,000
D25,000
G24,500
D22,000
D
23,000 23,500
- EPRC
39
10:00 ~ 15:00
(1,1)
(A,A)
(2,2)
(B,B)
(9,9)
(K,K)
/
- EPRC
40
() : (/REC) : 1 REC : 1,000 ( 5,000)
1 : ,
2 :
- EPRC
41
(/REC). .
.45,800 45,700
100
200
45,600 45,500 45,400 45,300 45,200 .
500
. [ - 45,800, : 100 REC ].
- EPRC
42
(/REC). .
.45,800 45,700
100
45,600 45,500 45,400 45,300
500
200
45,200 .
. [ - 45,400, : 200 REC ].
- EPRC
43
(/REC). .
.45,800 45,700
200
100
45,600 45,500 45,400 45,300 45,200 .
300
. [ - 45,600, : 100 REC ].
- EPRC
44
(/REC). .
.45,800 45,700 45,600 45,500 45,400 45,300
200
300
500
45,200
. [ - 45,800, : 200 REC ] .
. [ - 45,400, : 300 REC ]- EPRC 45
- EPRC
46
[email protected] EPRC
SMP REC : (Global Wind Day Seminar)2011 6 15
()
REC
2
(1) RPS : , RPS , .. : : 2010 378MW ( 45GW 0.8%)
3
(2) () 5(RPS)
: 2022 3 ( ): (SMP) , 7
( Major )
4
(3) , , Smart Grid : ( > > REC ) : , REC , ( ) () : (HVDC ) : (GF, AGC), , (), , (Smart Grid, Battery)
5
(4) Smart Grid / ( ) ( 14,962MW 1,000MW)
: , Ramping, : DR, Battery, Smart Grid LNG CCGT 6
REC Capability ()
Capability
REC MarketElectricity Market Hourly (Zonal) SMPs Monthly REC Prices Contract Market Various Contract Prices
7
REC (CBP) (Zonal Pricing) (Cost Components) , ,
(Demand) (Supply) (, LNG ) (Plant Mix)
HVDC 8
REC (1)
, , .
9
REC (2) (2010 ) 2010 158[/kWh] ( )
HVDC ( )170 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 1 22 43 64 85 106 127 148 169 190 211 232 253 274 295 316 337 358 140 135 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 150 145 165 160 155
2011 190[/kWh] 10
REC (1) , , 5
11
REC (2) 5 , ,
5 ,
12
REC Zonal Pricing (3) ()-() (2, 3)
13
REC Zonal Pricing (4) HVDC 2011 (150MW) 2012 (400MW) 2017 (600MW) ( 3,4 : 200MW (170/kWh), 2,3 : 160MW (180/kWh), : 125MW (215/kWh), 1,2 40MW, 1,2 80MW )
2010 : 625MW, 2012 : 650MW-667MW, 2017 : 780MW 860MW, 2020 : 880MW 980MW
14
REC DOE EIA 2010
15
REC ( ) 2012 125[/kWh] 135[/kWh]
2015 115[/kWh] 130[/kWh]
2020 100[/kWh] 125[/kWh]
2025 100[/kWh] 140[/kWh]
16
REC REC (1) REC Marginal Pricing, Regulated Pricing, Average Pricing, Pay-as-Bid Pricing Contracted Volume (Price Taker) Supply Shortage Rules (Price Cap, Penalty) Auction vs Two-way Bidding ApproachesPrice Cap (Penalty) Peak
Contracted Vol. Grid Parity (SMP)
Medium Renewables
D117
D2
D3
REC REC (2) REC (4 )
, (, LNG ) ( )
REC , , ,
18
REC REC (3) () () ( ) ( , , )
19
REC REC (1) REC REC Renewable Portfolio
Renewable
REC SMP ( )
REC Marginal Pricing, Average Pricing, Pay-as-bid Pricing Mark-up 20
REC REC (2) Pass-Through /
() Feedback
REC 50[/kWh] REC 21
REC REC , , ( )
, ,
, Margin ( )
22
SMP + REC and/or (Closed Interaction Model)
, Model (: , IGCC, , )
(Volume Risk Hedging) : Fixed Price, , , 23
REC Price Spike , (2000 ) : . (: ) , : (: , REC )
24
Global wind day seminar KoreaSiemens Wind PowerJune 15th, 2011
Siemens Wind Power nr. 1 position in the offshore market is based on 20 years of offshore experience
Worlds 1st offshore wind farm
Worlds 1st offshore wind farm w/ large turbines
Worlds largest offshore wind farm in operation
Worlds largest offshore wind farm under installation
Worlds largest offshore wind farm ever contracted
1991
2000
2003
2009-10
2009
Vindeby 5 MW
Middelgrunden 40 MW
Nysted 166 MW
Greater Gabbard 504 MW
London Array 630 MW
Our performancePage 2
#1 in offshore orders 2007, 2008, 2009 (2 GW signed!) and in 2010 Leading market share in 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010 Succeeded in industrializing the industry (from 5MW to 630MW wind farms)
Offshore wind farm siting
An optimized wind farm siting can maximize the Annual Energy YieldPage 3
Load calculation approach interaction between foundation and turbine contractorEnvironmental conditions Preliminary design Design codes
Support structure designFoundation and tower design
Calculation of Metocean forces
Model
Support structure designed for site specific conditions to minimize the material costs and to guarantee the turbines lifetime Assessment of effects under different load conditions Integrated support structure design in order not to overlook load effects
Frequency Check
Limit state checks preliminary steel
Design codes
Ok? Optimal?
Page 4
Siemens reduces the installation time by choosing an efficient pre-assembly and turbine installationEfficient turbine installation
Minimizing installation time and riskPage 5
Thank you for your attention
Page 6
Global Wind Day Seminar WTG Vessel
15 June 2011
Offshore & Engineering Division
CONTENTS
A. Offshore Oil & Gas vs. Offshore Wind Turbine Installation
B. Offshore Jacket & Topside Structure Installation
C. Offshore Wind Turbine Installation
D. Offshore Wind Turbine Installation Scenario Plan in West Coast of Korea
1
Offshore & Engineering Division
CONTENTS
A. Offshore Oil & Gas vs. Offshore Wind Turbine Installation
2
Offshore & Engineering Division
ENGINEERING Offshore oil & gas .vs. Offshore windOil & gas WindFixed type Floating type
Relatively stiff Structural dynamics not critical Straight forward relation forceresponse Wave loads dominant Small numbers 3 or 4 Platforms
Relatively flexible Structural dynamics very critical Complex, uncorrelated loading Wind and wave loads both important Generally large Numbers 20~100 GeneratorsFixed type Floating type
3
Offshore & Engineering Division
CONTENTS
B. Offshore Jacket & Topside Structure Installation
4
Offshore & Engineering Division
Offshore Installation FleetsHHI Offshore & engineering Division owns & operates 13 various marine vessels for offshore installationHD-2500
Derrick / Pipelay Barge Derrick / Pipelay Vessel Derrick Barge Work Barge Launch & Float-Over Barge Cargo Barge Semi-Submersible Barge Tug / Anchor Boat TotalHD-60
2 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 13HD-423
HD-2500 & HD-423 HD-60 HD-289 HD-1000 Offshore-1 HDB-1006 HDB-1003 & HDB-1008 HDB-1011 & HDB-1012 HY- O & HT-112HD-1000 HD-289
Shallow Water Pipelay Barge 1
HDB-1006
Offshore-1
5
Offshore & Engineering Division
Offshore Installation Ummshaif Gas Injection Facilities Project (Field Layout)New Facilities
Existing FacilitiesBridge
Cable
Bridges
Accommodation P/F
Cable Bridge Support Towers Bridges Cable Bridge Support Towers Water Disposal Tower Flare P/F Cable
Compression P/F
Collector Separator P/FFlare P/F Flare P/F
6
Offshore & Engineering Division
Offshore Installation Ummshaif Gas Injection Facilities Project (Structure)Jacket Item Activity CP-1 CSP-1 UAP Sub Total UWDT Flare Tower F4 Dia (mm) 2,030 1,730 1,730 920 920 920 920 920 920 920 920 920 920 920 LEG 12 8 6 26 3 3 3 3 12 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 24 36 62 Weight (Ton) 1,944 1,366 1,008 4,318 138 118 118 118 355 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 785 1,278 5,596 Pile Dia (mm) 1,829 1,524 1,524 762 762 762 762 762 762 762 762 762 762 762 Weight (Ton) 875 614 539 2,028 61 69 69 69 206 69 69 69 69 69 69 69 482 748 2,776 Derick Barge HD2500 & HD1000 HD2500 & HD1000 HD2500 & HD1000 HD1000 HD1000 HD1000 HD1000 HD1000 HD1000 HD1000 HD1000 HD1000 HD2500 HD2500 7
Remark
Main JKT
F5 F6 Sub Total S6
Small JKT Bridge Support Tower
S7 S8 S9 S10 S55 S56 Sub Total Sub Total Grand Total
Offshore & Engineering Division
Offshore Installation Ummshaif Gas Injection Facilities Project (Cable)Ref. NO P/F (FROM~TO) PL-1 USGIF-USSC Pipelines PL-2 PL-13 PL-11 CSP-1 PL-9 CSP-1 CP-1 FT-4 FT-5 FT-6 US-272 CP-1 CSP-1 Name Of Pipeline Pipeline OD (mm) 6" 6" 8" 30" 30" 30" 30" 168.3 168.3 219.1 762 762 762 762 Pipeline WT Length (km) (mm) 19.1 19.1 19.1 22.2 19.1 19.1 22.2 23.8 2.037 2.038 2.039 2.035 1.523 1.502 1.000 1.237 PB-5 Corrosion Inhibitor PL-4 US-272 CP-1 Gas Production 20" 508 19.1 1.246 PB9 Crestal WHT Pipelines PL-5 CP-1 US-290 Gas Injection 12" 323.9 27 2.308 PB-4 Corrosion Inhibitor PL-6 US-290 CP-1 Gas Production 20" 508 19.1 2.316 PB-8 Methanol Injection PL-7 CP-1 US-251 Gas Injection 14" 355.6 27 0.3 PB-3 Corrosion Inhibitor PL-8 US-251 CP-1 Gas Production 20" 508 22.2 0.3 PB-7 Methanol Injection Total (km) 13 Lines 19.881 9 Lines 0.3 11.753 7 Lines (excl. SC-3) 12.888 0.3 SC-3 68 Power Cable 0 2.318 2.318 SC-4 57 Power Cable 2.525 Methanol Injection 1.246 1.246 SC-5 57 Power Cable 1.475 PB-1 PB-2 PB-6 Pilot Gas flare Pilot Gas flare Pilot Gas flare 1.523 1.502 1.000 SC-7 SC-1 SC-2 SC-6 138 77 77 77 Power & Commun. Ignition Cable Ignition Cable Ignition Cable 2.338 1.644 1.621 1.082 Piggyback Pipeline No. Name of Pipeline Length (km) No. OD (mm) SC-8 138 Subsea Cable Name of Pipeline Power & Commun. Length (km) 2.203
Condensate Line Produced Water Waste Gas Associated Gas Gas Flare Line 1 Gas Flare Line 2 Gas Flare Line 3 Gas Injection
USGIF Process PL-10 CSP-1 lines PL-12 PL-3 CP-1 CP-1
10" 273.1
8
Offshore & Engineering Division
Lifting Analysis for Jacket InstallationTo estimate the installation workability
1. Derrick Barge Set-up and Jacket Barge Approach
2. Lifting Sling Connection
3. Jacket Lifting and Jacket Barge 4. Jacket Lowering Release
Standby cases150 km
Analysis Cases
Lifting cases Lowering cases9
Offshore & Engineering Division
CONSTRUCTION Jacket Single Lifting
HD-60
Offshore & Engineering Division
CONSTRUCTION Launching1. Towing & Setting 2. Ballasting & Pulling
3. Launching
4. Floating
Offshore & Engineering Division
CONSTRUCTION Jacket Installation
Fabrication
Load-out
Transportation
Launching
Lifting
Up-ending
Positioning
12
Offshore & Engineering Division
CONSTRUCTION Pile Installation
Pile Shipment
Pile Transportation
Pile Install
Hammer Install
Pile Driving
Hammer Removal13
Offshore & Engineering Division
CONSTRUCTION Pile DrivingSteam Hammer Hydro Hammer
(HD-1000)
Offshore & Engineering Division
CONSTRUCTION Drilling
RCD E/Q SETTING
15
Offshore & Engineering Division
CONSTRUCTION Topside Installation
Fabrication
Load-out
Transportation
Lifting
Setting16
Offshore & Engineering Division
CONSTRUCTION Module Dual Lifting
Offshore & Engineering Division
CONSTRUCTION Float-Over(Deck Mating) InstallationJacket Entry Topside Passed Sand Jack
Final Position
Completion
Offshore & Engineering Division
CONTENTS
C. Offshore Wind Turbine Installation
19
Offshore & Engineering Division
CONTENTS
Wind Turbine Installation Status in Offshore UK(North Sea) Prepared by DNV
20
Offshore & Engineering Division
Growth in size of commercial wind turbine designs
21
Offshore & Engineering Division
How big is a wind turbine?
22
Offshore & Engineering Division
Development of the offshore industry in terms of water depth (m) and distance to shore (km)
23
Offshore & Engineering Division
Offshore UK installation plan - example
()
1,296 km
222 km Port of Blyts or Sunderladn & Tees port ()
463 km Aabenraa havn or Romo havn()
24
Offshore & Engineering Division
Different thinking
25
Offshore & Engineering Division
Project involvement; New in 20102 new build projects A2SEA, 1 unit Van Oord / Sietas, 1 unit Inwind, Potentials GAOH/Houlder, STX Seoul Huisman SWATH, AiP only
26
Offshore & Engineering Division
Project involvement; End 20093 projects = 5 new build units MPI, Cosco Nantong, 2 units Windcarrier, Lamprell, 2 units Drydocks, 1 unit Zblin semi, design development Technip, R&D project
27
Offshore & Engineering Division
Vessel Specification for Wind Turbine Installation DP OR SELF-PROPELLED SELF-PROPELLED TO BE LAUNCHED BARGE SHAPED JACK UP
Concept OnePiece Installation
Pieceby Piece installation(Maintenance vessel)
SEA INSTALLER
DEEPWATER INSTALLER 140 2,000DP
BLUE OCEAN
SEA JACK & SEA WORKER 91 800JACK-UP (LLOYD)
SEAJACK ZARTAN
FRED OLSEN WIND CARRIER 131 800DP (DNV)
BELUGA OFFSHORE
SEA POWER ENERGY 92 450DP (LLOYD)
JB-115 & SEAFOX 7
JB-116
TERAS M/V SEA JACK CONQUES RESOLUTI KRAKEN & T ON LEVITAN 4&5 76 350DP (ABS)
LISA-A
RWEI
WIND LIFT 1
ODIN
THOR
JB-117
DRYDOCK S WORLD
VESSEL LENGTH CRANE CAPACITY TYPE
91 1,500DP (DNV)
161 1,700DP
81 800DP (ABS)
148 1,500DP2
56 300JACK-UP (ABS)
68 80JACK-UP (ABS)
96 243JACK-UP (ABS)
130 300DP (DNV)
73 600JACK-UP (DNV)
109 1,300DP
115 500JACK-UP (DNV)
46 300JACK-UP (DNV)
70 500JACK-UP (DNV)
76 1,000JACK-UP (DNV)
112 1,500JACK-UP (DNV)
28
Offshore & Engineering Division
CONTENTS
D. Offshore Wind Turbine Installation Scenario Plan in West Coast of Korea
29
Offshore & Engineering Division
(80 km) (40 km)
1: 100MW (5MWx20)
3
2
2 : 900MW (5MWx180) 3 : 1,500MW (5MWx300)
1
(30km)
(15 km)
(40 km)
30
Offshore & Engineering Division
CONTENTS
Scenario Plan1. Piece by Piece Installation
2. One Piece Installation - Jacket Foundation - Wind Turbine & Tower
3. Cable Laying Installation
31
Offshore & Engineering Division
CONSTRUCTION Piece by Piece Jacket Installation
Offshore & Engineering Division
CONSTRUCTION Piece by Piece WT Installation
Offshore & Engineering Division
CONSTRUCTION One Piece Jacket Installation
Offshore & Engineering Division
CONSTRUCTION One Piece Wind Turbine Installation
Offshore & Engineering Division
CONSTRUCTION Cable Laying Installation
80,HVDC Cable Laying
S/S 345kV
1154 x 2C (HVAC)
3
2
S/S1
* S/S 2 345 x 2C (HVDC) * S/S
154kV
22,HVAC Cable Laying (DP) 1km Cable
Offshore & Engineering Division
CONSTRUCTION Cable Laying Vessel
Submarine Power Cable Installation between Sweden and Poland by FOS
Offshore & Engineering Division
CONSTRUCTION Cable Laying Configuration
About 1 km
Offshore & Engineering Division
Laying Analysis for Cable Installation(1)To estimate the installation workability
39
Offshore & Engineering Division
Laying Analysis for Cable Installation(2)Numerical Simulation in time domain of the installation
To check the tension /reaction force of the cable To confirm operational wave criteria
40
Offshore & Engineering Division
CONSTRUCTIONHD-1000 Cable Laying Umm Shaif Project
Backward Laying
Forward Laying
41
Offshore & Engineering Division
CONSTRUCTION Cable Installation
Cable Transportation
Pipe Load-in
Laying Preparation
Cable Drum Setting
Cable Laying42
Offshore & Engineering Division
CONSTRUCTION Trenching for Cable Installation[Bakhoe Dredger] [Grab Dredger]
[Trailing Suction Hopper Dredger]
[Cutter Suction Dredger]
Offshore & Engineering Division
CONSTRUCTION Backfilling for Cable Burial[Bakhoe Dredger]
[Side Stone Dumping Vessel]
Offshore & Engineering Division
CONSTRUCTION Deepwater Backfill for Cable Protection[Fall Pipe Pontoon]
Offshore & Engineering Division
CONTENTS
Thank you for your attention!
46
June 2011
Contents1. Value Chain of Offshore Wind Power 2. Market Review 3. Development of WTIV 4. New Building Project 5. Design of the Vessel 6. Construction of the Vessel 7. New Generation WTIV 8. Vision of Offshore Wind Power
2
1. Value Chain of Offshore Wind PowerManufacturing of Wind Turbine Installation of Foundation Loading of Wind Turbine at Port
Maintenance of Wind Turbine
Operation of Wind Turbine
Installation of Wind Turbine
3
2. Market ReviewsGlobal Wind Farm Capacity China>UK>German>Other Europe> North America Year 2020 : 12,000 MW (5 MW x 2,400 units) Up to year 2020 : 60 GW (5 MW x 12,000 units)
Source: GL Garrad Hassan Market Research Report
Vessel Demand Shortage of Jack-up vessel with high lift capability at present Demand project to rise nearly 40 installation VesselsSource: GL Garrad Hassan Market Research Report
4
2. Market ReviewsSource: EWEA Report
Operating Water Depth Progressing into 50 m plus water depth in North Sea area Less than 60 m water depth in most EU wind farmsSource: GL Garrad Hassan Market Research Report
Wind Turbine Capacity Year 2010-2015 : 3 6 MW Year 2016-2020 : 5 10 MW 5 MW wind turbine will be majority year 2020.
untilSource: GL Garrad Hassan Market Research Report
5
3. Development of WTIVGeneration I Generation II
Crane Barge No Jack-Up and No Propulsion Operations in Mild Sea Condition
Jack-Up Barge Leg Stabilized and No Propulsion Operations in Coastal Sea area
6
3. Development of WTIVGeneration III
Self Elevating and Self Propulsion WTIV L x B x D : 108 m x 40 m x 8 m Self Elevating Jack-Up and Up to 45 m Water Depth Operation Self Propulsion of 7.5 knots and DP2 Capability with Azimuth Thrusters ( 6 x 1,600 kW) Main Crane 1,000 tons (SWL) Loading Capacity of Disassembled 4 MW x 4 sets Wind Turbine Payload : 4,100 MT
RWEI WTIV
7
4. New Building ProjectRWEI WTI Vessel Elec-Hyd. Type Jacking System with 45 m operation depth 108.8 m(L) x 40 m(B) x 8 m(D) Payload : 4,100 MT Complement : 60 Persons Wartsila-IMS Engineering and Construction in DSME Shipyard
Windcarrier WTI Vessel Elec-Hyd. Type Jacking System with 45 m operation depth 131 m(L) x 39 m(B) x 9 m(D) Payload : 5,300 MT Complement : 80 Persons GustoMSC Engineering and Construction in Lamprell Shipyard8
4. New Building ProjectSwire Blue Ocean WTI Vessel Electric Rack & Pinion Type Jacking System with 75 m operation depth 160.9 m(L) x 49 m(B) x 10.4 m(D) Payload : 8,400 MT Complement : 111 Persons Knude E Hansen Engineering and Construction in SHI Shipyard
SeaJacks Zaratan WTI Vessel Elec-Hyd. Type Jacking System with 45 m operation depth 81 m(L) x 41 m(B) x 7 m(D) Payload : 2,850 MT Complement : 90 Persons GustoMSC Engineering and Construction in Lamprell Shipyard9
4. New Building ProjectPronav WTM Vessel Elec-Hyd. Type Jacking System with 45 m operation depth 90.6 m(L) x 36 m(B) x 7.4 m(D) Payload : 1,000 MT Complement : 112 Persons GustoMSC Engineering
Encore WFM Vessel No Jacking system 169 m(L) x 42 m(B) x 22.1 m(D) Workboat : 6 Catamaran Workboat Complement : 244 Persons Offshore Ship Designers Engineering
10
5. Design of the VesselKey Parameters for Vessel DesignParameter Water depth Environmental condition of Site Distance between Port and Site Weight of wind turbine/foundation Size and nos. of wind turbine/foundation Loading of assembled wind turbine & Large wind profile area Soil condition of Site Design Effect Jacking system & Leg design DP capability & Structural design Speed & Deadweight Payload & Crane Capacity Deck area Stability issue Jacking system & Spudcan design
11
5. Design of the VesselSpecial Rules and RegulationsRules & Regulations IMO MODU Code IMO SPS Code Application - System requirement at elevated condition - Applied if nos. of special personnel exceed 12. - Safety of workers on board : Stability, Fire protection including Safe Return to Port, etc. - Required by SPS Code but not practical to apply - Got exemption from flag authority up to now - Not applicable to the Vessel of which the length is less than 120m.
Safe Return to Port
Offshore Code from Class
- Hull & structure (ex : DNV OS-C107) - Safety principles and arrangement (ex : DNV OSA101)
12
5. Design of the VesselDP Capability Envelope Maximum wind speed under which the vessel can maintain its heading and position with the given thruster system Barometer of the DP capability
DP Simulation Simulation of the behavior of the dynamically positioned vessel in the time domain Estimation of the detailed performance of a DP systemWind, waves and current are co-linear Current: 2knots Wave: Hs=2.5m, Tp=7.7s
Validation DP analyses results have been validated by the results of model tests for several drillships an shuttle tankers including turret assisted mooring system
13
5. Design of the VesselStructure Analyses Conditions Design conditions Arriving at site Lowering legs Coming out of water Preloading At full airgap With environmental loads
Arriving at site
Lowering legs Lowering legs
Coming out of water
Analysis and design of Hull Legs Connection between hull and legs Spudcan
Preloading
At full airgap
With environmental loads
14
5. Design of the VesselStructure Analyses- Global Strength Analysis - Local Strength Analysis - Fatigue Strength Analysis - Contact Problem - Static and Dynamic Analysis
Global F.E Model
15
5. Design of the VesselElectrical Configuration for High Safety and Redundancy !!Main switchboard Automation
Main generators 4 - 4,200kW
Propulsion transformers
Frequency convertersControl network Power network
Propulsion motors
3 - Stern Azimuth Thrusters (3,700kW) 3 - Bow Tunnel Thrusters (1,500kW)
16
6. Construction of the VesselConstruction ScheduleYear Month Project Key MilestonesVessel contract S/C K/L L/C D/L
201X 2/4 3/4 4/4 1/4 2/4
201X 3/4 4/4 1/4 2/4
201X 3/4 4/4
Major Equipment Schedule -Equipment Contract -Design -Delivery -Installation - Commissioning and Test
17
6. Construction of the VesselJack-Up SystemElectro-Hydraulic Driven TypeHydraulic Cylinder Solid(Circular or Rectangular) Type
Electric Motor Driven TypeRack and Pinion
Triangular Truss Type
Pinion
Hydraulic Cylinder Truss type Leg Rectangular type Leg
Electric Motor
Rack
18
6. Construction of the VesselOperation of Jack-Up SystemELECTRO-HYDRAULIC DRIVE TYPE Two(2) jack frames (Upper/Low Jack Frame) per each leg Upper/Low Jacking Cylinder Locking Pins for each Jack Frame Hand over Hand Operation by Hydraulic Cylinder with Locking Pins ELECTRIC MOTOR DRIVEN TYPE Electric Motor with Pinion Rotating Operation by Electric Motor
Lock Unlock Lock Unlock
Lock
Unlock
RackHull Hull Hull
Pinion
19
6. Construction of the VesselJack-Up Leg and Spud CanSpud can is designed to spread the load so that the leg does not sink to deeply into the sea-bed.SPUD CAN
CLAY
SAND
TYPE OF LEG - TUBULAR TYPE LEG - RECTANGULAR TYPE LEG - TRIANGULAR TRUSS TYPE LEG SPUD CAN 20
6. Construction of the VesselComparison between each Leg TypeItemShape
Tubular Type Leg
Rectangular Type Leg
Truss Type Leg
Material
Extra High strength steel, EH 460~690 or equivalent 460 ~ 690 N/mm2 Extra High
Extra High strength steel, EH 690 or equivalent for rack 690 N/mm2 for Rack High
Extra High strength steel, EH 690 or equivalent for rack 690 N/mm2 for Rack High
Yield Stress Required Tolerance
21
6. Construction of the VesselFabrication of Tubular Type Leg
Rolling
Welding
Transportation
Welding 22
Machining
6. Construction of the VesselFabrication of Truss Type Leg
Welded Rack and Chord in the Factory
Transportation
23
6. Construction of the VesselBuilding Progress of RWEI WTIV (1/2)
Oct., 2010
Jack-up System Foundation Block
Outfitting Work of Forward Twin Deck Block
Nov.-Dec., 2010
Arrival of Thrusters at the Shipyard
Overall View of Supper Block
24
6. Construction of the VesselBuilding Progress of RWEI WTIV (2/2)
Feb.-Mar., 2011
Installation of Suction Mast
Launching
Apr.-May, 2011
Installation of Jacking Frame with Cylinder
Installation of Deck Crane
25
7. New Generation WTIVTransportation and Installation of Fully Assembled Wind Turbine About 30% time reducing of wind turbine installation in case of DSME FA55 WTIVDisassembled Wind Turbine Turbine Quantity on Vessel Turbine Loading & Securing at Port Sailing to Site Turbine Assembled at Site Turbine Installation at Site Return to Port Total time per One Trip Average time per One Turbine 8 Units 46 Hours 6 Hours 96 Hours 160 Hours 6 Hours 314 Hours 39 Hours Fully assembled Wind Turbine 5 Units 27 Hours 6 Hours 100 Hours 6 Hours 139 Hours 28 Hours
26
7. New Generation WTIVIntroduction of DSME FA55 Main Dimension LOA Breadth Depth Draft Vessel Capacity Vessel speed Deadweight Main deck area Main Crane Carrying Cap. Main Generator Thruster : : : : : : : 11 knots Approx. 9,100 MT Approx. 3,900 m2 1,200 MT at 30 m 5 MW x 5 sets 4,200 kW x 4 sets 3,700 kW x 3 sets 1,500 kW x 3 sets27
: 145.00 m : 45.00 m : 11.00 m : 5.70 m
7. New Generation WTIVIntroduction of DSME FA55Loading at Port
Operational Advantage Easy 2-step loading and installation Minimum operating time in offshore with quick turn around time and minimum weather down time (average 28 hours per 5 MW wind turbine) Less No. of onboard crew (60 Persons) Possibility of completing turbine test on shore side
Transit to Site
Tower Installation at Site Turbine Installation at Site
Utilization of transportation / installation for turbine foundation and maintenance of offshore wind turbine.
SEE VIDEO28
8. Vision of Offshore Wind PowerOne(1) of three(3) major wind power countries by 2019
Government
Institute & IndustryJoint development and strategic export industry
Major ShipyardGlobal Top Leader Global Top 3 by 2020
29
8. Vision of Offshore Wind PowerHHIVision - Global Top Leader
DSME- Global Top 10 by 2015 - Global Top 3 by 2020 - Total Solution Provider - 2.0 MW Onshore - 6~7 MW Offshore (2012) - Dewind (2009)
SHI- Global Top 10 by 2015 - Global Top 3 by 2020 - Turn-Key Solution Provider - 2.5 MW Onshore - 5~7 MW Offshore (2012)
STX- Global Top 10 by 2015
Main Product
- 2.0 MW Onshore - 5 MW Offshore (2011)
- 2.0 MW Onshore - 7~8 MW Offshore (2012) - Haracosan Europe (2009)
M&A Production Facility - Gunsan in Korea 600 MW - Sandung in China 600 MW
- German for engineering - Canada for Tower & Blade - China (2013)
- Geoje in Korea 500 MW - China (2013) - Europe (2013) - USA (2011) Tower & Blade - Japan (2012) Gearbox
- Netherland for engineering - Jinhae in Korea
30
31
Offshore Type & Project Certification / GL Garrad Hassan
A Offshore .vs. Onshore Load B Type Certification
CONTENT
C Project Certification
Offshore wind flow (1)Fundamentals Upper atmosphere (Geostrophic conditions)Height [m] Mean wind speed [m/s]Shear profile for roughness of 0.001 low shear Shear profile for roughness of 0.03 high shear
Fetch effects Surface roughness Low, around 0.0001m to 0.001m Wind speed and swell dependent Low turbulence Low shear Atmospheric stability Measure of the heat transfer from the sea to the air Affects the amount of mixing within the flow Affects the boundary layer shape No topographic enhancement
Offshore wind flow (2) Tidal effects Vertical shift of the boundary layer Clear datum should be defined MSL for energy prediction Wind-wave interactions Thermal effects Sea breezes Low level jetsWarm air Sea breeze
land heats up faster than sea
Cold air
Flow acceleration
Cold sea Low level jet
Modelling requirements
Flexible, dynamic structure
Stochastic, non-linear wind loading
Non-linear control actions
Stochastic, non-linear wave loading
Integrated time-domain model
Sources of loading
Inertial & gravitational loads Aerodynamic loads Operational loads Hydrodynamic loads Sea ice loads Boat impact loads
How does the offshore loading environment differ from onshore? Wind properties are different: Higher AMWS Lower turbulence Lower shear Low-level jets?
Additional sources of loading: Waves & currents Ice Boat impact
Load Assumptions
Blade Root
B
Main Shaft
R
Tower Top
T
Load Time Series
ry 2011
Offshore Project Certification
8
Sources of wind turbine loadSources Mean wind Wind Shear Yaw error Yaw Motion Turbulence Gust Start/Stop Pitch Structural excitation Type of loads Steady loads Cyclic loads
Stochastic loads Transient loads
Resonance induced loads
Exemplary Design Load Case- GL 2010Design Situation Power production Start-up Normal shut-down Emergency shut-down Parked plus fault condition Power productionDLC Design Load Case NTM Normal Turblence Model EOG Extreme Operating Gust NWP Normal Wind Profile
DLC 1.1 1.5 3.1 4.1 5.1 7.1 9.1
Wind Condition NTM Vin Vhub Vout EOG1 Vin Vhub Vout NWP Vin Vhub Vout NWP Vin Vhub Vout NWP Vin Vhub Vout EWM NWP Vin Vhub Vout
Type of analysis F/U U F/U F/U U U F/U
GH Bladed: schematic
Time domain wind field Aerodynamics Wind load histories
Structural properties
Power train & control system
Random or regular waves Hydrodynamics
Structural dynamics Response histories
Wave load histories
Fatigue loads
Time series analysis
Extreme loads
Overview of turbine design process Load calculations are central to the wind turbine design process Control design loops and strength analysis loops require load calculation iterations
12
Range of load calculations Type certification Site specific Seismic Cold-climate Offshore
13
A Offshore .vs. Onshore Load B Type Certification
CONTENT
C Project Certification
GLs History in Wind Energy 1977 First activities in Wind Energy 1980 Examination GROWIAN (3 MW; =100m) 1984 Testfield Kaiser-Wilhelm-Koog 1986 1st Guideline (Onshore) 1994 European Offshore Study 1995 1st Offshore Wind Guideline 2005 2nd Ed. Offshore Wind Guideline 2010 first German Offshore Wind Farm certified (Alpha Ventus)
15
6.2011
Renewables Certification GL Renewables Certification (GL RC) is not part of GL GH! GL Renewables Certification is the worlds leading certification body working in renewables and particularly in wind energy It delivers project, turbine and component certification and undertakes factory and supplier inspections GL RC is actively engaged in the development of international standards
16
6.2011
Who is GL Renewables Certification In-house assessments by about high qualified 100 engineers in three departments: Project Controlling by Project Management Group Rotor Blades and Civil Engineering (concrete and steel structures), Machinery Components and Safety, Load Assumptions (On- and Offshore) GL ND: Substation structural, electrical, safety and still growing....17
6.2011
Administrative Guidelines for projects in Germany only
scheme to aquire permits of the authorities to errect an offshore wind farm phase 1: development phase (Design Basis, preliminary design for tender) 1st approval phase 2: design phase (site specific design) 2nd approval phase 3: Implementation phase (manuf. surveillance, installation, commissioning) 3rd approval phase 4: operation phase (maintenance and periodic monitoring)
final approval for operation 18
6.2011
Certification Type Certification
Project Certification
Offshore Project Certification
13 January 2011
19
Certification Procedure Type CertificationDesign Assessment Quality Management TypeCertificate SiteAssessment Site Specific Design Assessment Project Certificate Manufacturing Surveillance Surveillance of Transport-, Install. & Commissioning Periodic Monitoring IPE Prototype Testing
ry 2011
Offshore Project Certification
20
Design Assessment Load Assumptions Safety System Rotor Blades Machinery Components Tower and Foundation Electrical Installations Hub and Nacelle Cover Commissioning Witnessing
Offshore Project Certification
13 January 2011
21
Load Assumptions
Blade Root
B
Main Shaft
R
Tower Top
T
Load Time Series
ry 2011
Offshore Project Certification
22
Safety System
Safety System Control Concept Braking System
Offshore Project Certification
13 January 2011
23
Blade and Blade Bearing
Source: LM Glasfiber
Source: Windenergie 1/2003
ry 2011
Offshore Project Certification
24
Details: e.g. Blade Root Connection3D-aeroelsatic wind field
Bolt position 2 Bolt position 1
y x
Source: Bundesverband WindEnergie
x y
ry 2011
Offshore Project Certification
25
Rotorhub
ry 2011
Offshore Project Certification
26
Main Bearing Main (and Generator) Frame
Offshore Project Certification
13 January 2011
27
Tower Top Bearing
ry 2011
Offshore Project Certification
28
Tower Shell and Flanges
S
S
S MB
MB MB 29
Offshore Project Certification
13 January 2011
Tower (Door Opening)
Offshore Project Certification
13 January 2011
30
Foundation and Base Section (Embedded Steel Section)
ry 2011
Offshore Project Certification
31
Electrical Equipment
Source: Enercon
Offshore Project Certification
13 January 2011
32
Lightning Protection of a Rotor Blade
Source: LM
Offshore Project Certification
13 January 2011
33
Quality Management (QM)ISO 9001:2000 requirements regarding design and manufacturing Certification of QM system
ry 2011
Offshore Project Certification
34
IPE / Manufacturing Evaluation Assessment of e.g. specifications, drawings,specimen documents
Definition of important production processes One-time inspection during production andassembly
IPE: Implementation of design-related requirements in Production and Erection by www.windpower.dk
ry 2011
Offshore Project Certification
35
(Proto-)Type Testing Power Curve Noise Emission Electrical Characteristics Measurement of Actions, Loads and Stresses
Prototype Testing of Gearbox Test of Turbine Behaviour Commissioning Witnessing
Offshore Project Certification
13 January 2011
36
Deliveries (Type Certification) Certification Reports regarding Load Assumptions Safety System and Manuals ... Inspection Reports regarding the Rotor Blades Hub Assembly ... Statements of Compliance for the Design Assessment IPE QM Prototype Testing Type CertificateOffshore Project Certification 13 January 201137
A Offshore .vs. Onshore Load B Type Certification
CONTENT
C Project Certification
Moduls of Project Certification
Type CertificateTransport,Installation and Commissioning Surveillance
Site Assessment ( Design Basis)
Site Specific Design Assessment
Manufacturing Surveillance
Project Certificate
Periodic Monitoring
39
6.2011
Why are foundations important? Large proportion of capital costs Major risk for cost and programmeInstallation of Offshore Electrical Systems 6% Surveying & Construction Management Insurance 4% 2%
Installation of Turbines and Support Structures 9%
Offshore Electrical Systems 9% Turbines and ancillaries 51% Support Structures 19%
WTG Substructure optionsThe main substructure options deployed to a significant extent to date are: Monopiles Jackets Tripods Gravity Base Structure (GBS) Floating Potential variants to be considered in pre-FEED study: Concrete monopiles Braced monopiles and asymmetric tripods Finned monopiles Quadpods Suction buckets (monotower or jacket) Self-installing structures
Types of Offshore Foundations
Jackets
Main Multimember Structure (Jacket) Legs Bracing Nodes Transition Piece (Jacket-Tower) Secondary steel boat landings, J-turbines, ladders, platforms Piles Jacket and Pile design driven by various parameters Focus on depth (including tide) and turbine size (weight, rotor diameter) Also wave climate, natural frequency limits
Preliminary Loads from Loads Group
Structure Assessment (number of legs, footprint size, and tower diameter.)
Initial Structure (Member sizes, frequency check, pile design.) Bladed Loads from Loads Group
Bladed Load Iteration Fatigue Load Calculation and Extreme Load Calculations.
Structural Design Checks and Redesign Fatigue Design Life Checks, Extreme Load checks and Serviceability checks.
Frequency Check and Validation of Bladed Loads. If there are significant changes to the structure, frequency or member design then a further iteration is needed. Baseline Structure Used to estimate costs and schedules.
Schematic of Design Process
Stress Concentration Factors (SCFs) Stress concentrations at tubular joints:
Have a large influence on design of space frame structures. Vary with geometry, including multiplanar effects. Vary with load configuration (pattern). Magnify member stresses by factors of 3-8 typically Researched within GLGH for SCF optimisation of tubular multiplanar connections. To be covered by parametric SCF equations for typical joint configurations and load patterns which can be coded or entered into ANSYS.
Stress Concentration Factors
Range of diameters and thicknesses Range of geometries and load patterns In some cases, planar SCFs non-conservative
Summary: the procedure of project certification:
Project Certificate
SoC
SoC design assessment
SoC manufacturing surveillance
SoC Transport, Installation, Commissioning
Statement of Compliance
site assessment Design Basis
Certification Reports
C R
C R
C R
C R
C R
C R
C R
C R
C R
C R
C R
C R
C R
C R
C R
C R
51
6.2011
GL Renewable CertificationBesides own standards GL RC is accredited to certify according to BSH Standards: Design of Offshore Wind Farms Ground Investigation for Offshore Wind Farm and others like IEC 61400 and DNV
52
6.2011
BSH Standard Norm Hierarchy for german projects only! The standards and regulations detailed in BSH-Standard Section 3.2.3.2 and 3.2.4.3 in the given sequence of priority/ranking have to be applied. If designated standards and guidelines or other applicable German and European standards and guidelines do not meet the relevant regulations, additional standards and regulations can be implemented upon application to the BSH.
09.06.2011
53
Development Accompanying Assessment (DAA)Do you need an engineering opinion to develop a new idea on the market to be certified afterwards? go for DAA services of GL RCCertification
Without DAA (classic serial certification approach)
WT development
Time
DAA
With DAA (parallel approach)
Certification Time gained Time
WT development
Design Freeze
Certificate issued
54
6.2011
GL Renewables Certification / WorkflowSubmission of final document, rev. 0 plausibility check within14 days detailed assessment
Submission of final document, rev. x
Status Fax Approval
detailed assessment
Submission of document, rev. x
55
6.2011
Beatrice
Friedrichshaven Laes
Utgrunden Blekinge Tun Knob Blyth Horns Rev Robin Rigg Dan Tysk Horns Rev II Sandbank 24 Nrdlicher Grund Butendiek Global Tech I Amrumbank West Amrumbank Meerwind Nordsee Ost Borkum Riffgrund West FINO Delta Nordsee Gode Wind Borkum West II Alpha Ventus RWE Innogy I Bard NL Nordergrnde Borkum Riffgrund Riffgat Wilhelmshaven Race Bank Docking Shoal Cromer Metmast Emden`Nordsee `He Dreiht Veja Mate BARD Offshore I Deutsche Bucht
Sams
Skabrevet Middelgrunden Barsebank Lillegrund Om Stalgrunde
Uttgrunden Ytte Stengrund North Misjobanken
Smyggeham
Kriegers Flak II Baltic 1 Baltic 2
Vindeby
Ventotec Ost 1&2 Arkona-Becken Sdost
Nysted Nysted II Beltsee GEOGFReE Sky 2000 Breitling Klutzer Winkel
Gwynt y Mor North Hoyle
Arklow Bank
Scroby Sands Princess Amalia (Q7) London Array Thornton Bank Seanergy
56
6.2011
First German Offshore Wind Farm Alpha Ventus
Source: Alpha Ventus
57
6.2011
Geographical reach
800 staff, in 40 locations, across 20+ countriesHeerenveen Sint Maarten Kaiser-WilhelmKoog Glasgow Copenhagen London Hinnerup Oldenburg Slough Hamburg Bristol Poland Dublin Paris Imola Lisbon Barcelona Izmir Zaragoza Madrid
Beijing Seoul Tokyo Shanghai Mumbai Bangalore Newcastle Melbourne Wellington
Vancouver Ottawa Portland San Diego Montreal Peterborough Austin Monterrey Porto Alegre
GL serves the entire lifecycle of an asset (renewable technology and projects) ...DesignTurbine
Prototyping
Testing
ManufacturingInspection QA/QC
Type certification (incl. measurements) Design Controller and structuralConstruction and Start-up
Project identification
Engineering
Operation and maintenance
Decommission
Project
Consulting/Engineering Project certification Project measurements Design/design software Energy and Development services Civil electrical engineering
Project Management Services Inspection Asset Diagn. and Perform. Optim. Due dilligence SCADA Asset Management
Thank you for your attention!
contact: , Ph. D. GL Garrad Hassan
707-7 5 Tel.: 010-3539-9134 [email protected]
61
6.2011
Global Wind Day 2011 6 15
FOUNDATION
- /
1. 2. OWFS 3. VSBM
3
(, 2011) , , (Referred to Substructure, Support structure or Foundation)
Gravity Base Monopile Jacket Tripod J-Power (NEDO) Keystone (OWA)
Pile
T.P. Pile
/ Pile
Monopile Pile
+ CFT Joint
Twist Jacket T.P.
4
Depth
< 30m
30 to 60m
120 to 300m
GravityBased
Monopile
Bucket
Jacket
Tripod
Tripile
Floating
, EWEA 2009 35-40% () - -
5
-
(Grenaa & Anholt Island, Denmark)
(Mikkelsen, 2010)6
- 50 45Monopile Jacket Bucket
- , ,
Cost
4035 30 25 20 0
- 20m ( : , / : 10m)- 5MW 20 23 - 5 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45
7
750kW 2~3MW
5MW ()
2
/
, , ISO 19902
3m
5m RCD (Wirth)
,
- / /
8
*Malhotra 2010, Supporting Wind Farm Development, Civil Engr., ASCE
~3MW 3,000kJ , D=4.5m Predrilling holes, Temporary casing (Guide Frame ) MSL
Driving steel pipe
24hr/pile
~160dB
Postgrouted closed-end
50hr/pile
= 4,800Sea-bed
Drive-DrillDrive
70~90 hr/pile
+
Bearing layer
= 5,000
Drill-insertgrouting
50hr/pile
,
Grout
Steel- pipe or Concrete
Cast-In-Place drilled shaft
9
- , , , - , - ISO 19902 - - - - - USN, CDMA - - - 5m - 5m , ,
- /
- 3m - 1/200
- 3m - RCD 3m
10
OWFS
(Offshore Wind-energy Foundation System)
OWFS
11
OWFS
12
13
~3MW Rotor/Blade Hub2
1
/
40-60m 5m 70-90m
Turbine (nacelle) Tower
3
/
4
Transition Piece Sea level Cable Scour protection Sea floor
/ D=5m
5-25m
10-50m
Monopile
14
15
DB
API, ISO, DNV, GL, BSH, DEA 6 - -
DB
- DB - -
16
Det Norske Veritas (DNV) Germanischer Lloyd (GL) International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) () American Petroleum Institure (API) ISO 19902(2007)
DNV Rule for ship Rule for HSLC & NSC Standard for Certification Offshore Code Guidelines and Classification notes
DNV-OS-J101 Design of Offshore Wind Turbine Structures / Oct 2008 DNV-OS-J102 Design and Manufacture of Wind Turbine Blades, Offshore and Onshore Wind Turbines / 2007 DNV-OSS-304 Risk Based Verification of Offshore Structures / Oct 2006 DNV-OS-C101 Design of Offshore Steel Structures, General (LRFD method) / Oct 2008 17
p-y [ , 2007]
p
Matlock (1970) Reese, et al. (1975) ONeill (1984) Beam theory (1971) Reese, et al. (1974) ONeill (1984) Reese (1997)
, y
(a) (Matlock, 1970)
(b) (Reese et al., 1974) p-y
(c) (Reese et al., 1975)
18
e.g) Offshore Wind turbine 2.6-3.6MW, Rotational speed = 10-20rpm(revolution per minute)
1
10 20cycle 0.17 0.33Hz 60s
3
Blade passing frequency
0.5 1Hz
19
GL Bladed Offshore Support Structure Analysis , Bladed , ,
(GH-Bladed , 2011)
20
(GH-Bladed , 2011)
Wind load
Tower base moment
Wind+Waves+SoilWave & tidal loads
MSL
?
Sea-bed
21
(hydro-dynamic) (aero-dynamic) (soil-dynamic) (system response)
L-Pile a vP 90 b vS u f N a vP f P b vs uWind load