5 AXIS CNC MACHINING
Presented by:-ABDUR RASID MULLAHCIM (163551)
2-axis machine Two axes for positional control of the
tool- X & Z axis Example- CNC lathe
3-axis machine Three axes for positional control of the
tool-X,Y & Z axis Can be used for machine planner &
some convex shaped 3D jobs. Complex job like turbine blade can also
be machine but not efficient. Example-VMC
Multi-axis machining 4,5,6 or 9 axes can be used for
movements of tool & workpiece.
4-axis machine X,Y,Z & C axes are used . Example-turn mill centre Turn mill centers are high precision CNC Turning
centers with C axis capability . turning, milling, drilling & tapping in single setup .
5 axis machining 5-axis machines have two additional
axes of rotation. • The A axis rotates around X • The B axis rotates around Y • The C axis rotates around Z A 5-axis machine’s specific configuration determines which two of the three rotary axes it utilizes.
Example of 5-axis machine – Universal machining center
5 AXIS MACHINING CONFIGURATION:- Table/Table Machine Both the rotary axes are in the table. Machine can be vertical or horizontal Primary rotary table carries the secondary rotary table. Fixture & parts are fastened to the secondary rotary table. Part is physically rotate around the tool.
Head/Table Machine one rotary axis on the table and the other on the
spindle. Head/Table machines are arguably the most capable of
the three group. can machine large, heavy parts. Table carries the part & spindle head articulates the tool
with tilting motions.
Head/Head Machine both rotary axes connected and attached to the spindle. machines can be both vertical and horizontal. in addition to milling, these machines can
also be outfitted to manipulate a water-jet or a laser.
Trunnion-style & swivel-head 5-axis machine Trunnion-style 5-axis machine – A & C –
axes –express by the movement of the table.
Swivel-style 5-axis machine – B & C-axes –express by swiveling the spindle .
Benefits Trunnion-style 5-
axis machine Better undercut
capability Larger work volume More torque at low
rpm
Swivel-style 5-axis machine
Can handle heavier parts
Less tool interference
More versatility
Most important physical positions of a 5-axis machining Machine Home Position : the place to which
all the axes move when the machine is initially turned on and Zero return is selected.
Machine Rotary Zero Position – Is the intersection of the rotary/pivoting axes .
Program Zero Position - is the part datum location in the CAM system.
Why 5 axis machining ? These machines typically require only one
setup to machine an entire part, saving time and improving accuracy between operations.
They also have a capability with the shorter tools in the under cut zones and provide machining which can not be provided by standard machines .
Helps to reduce setup time and eliminate the typical flipping of parts required on three-axis machining centres.
WHAT 5 AXIS CAN DO? True five-axis machining refers to the ability
to feed the tool through the cut using all axes to smoothly follow a contoured surface.
example of a blade, the rotary axes move continuously during the cut.
Don’t have to use all five axes at the same time to get great benefits.
3+2 machining :- Also known as positional 5-axis machining. Part can be tilted first & then machine with
a 3 conventional axes. Requires stopping & starting between each
reorientation of the tool. shorter tool length also enables undercuts
in cavities. Mostly used in mould making to prevent
tool deformations.
ADVANTAGES:- Saving time and money . Saves on part handling because no one
has to move the part from machine to machine .
Less defective products. Less no. of tool variation requirement.
Disadvantages
Reduce feed rate. Total accuracy depends heavily on the
rotary axes accuracy and setup. Very difficult to write a program for a
very complex part.
THANK YOU……..