5 AXIS CNC MACHINING

Presented by:-ABDUR RASID MULLAHCIM (163551)

2-axis machine Two axes for positional control of the

tool- X & Z axis Example- CNC lathe

3-axis machine Three axes for positional control of the

tool-X,Y & Z axis Can be used for machine planner &

some convex shaped 3D jobs. Complex job like turbine blade can also

be machine but not efficient. Example-VMC

Multi-axis machining 4,5,6 or 9 axes can be used for

movements of tool & workpiece.

4-axis machine X,Y,Z & C axes are used . Example-turn mill centre Turn mill centers are high precision CNC Turning

centers with C axis capability . turning, milling, drilling & tapping in single setup .

5 axis machining 5-axis machines have two additional

axes of rotation. • The A axis rotates around X • The B axis rotates around Y • The C axis rotates around Z A 5-axis machine’s specific configuration determines which two of the three rotary axes it utilizes.

Example of 5-axis machine – Universal machining center

5 AXIS MACHINING CONFIGURATION:- Table/Table Machine Both the rotary axes are in the table. Machine can be vertical or horizontal Primary rotary table carries the secondary rotary table. Fixture & parts are fastened to the secondary rotary table. Part is physically rotate around the tool.

Head/Table Machine one rotary axis on the table and the other on the

spindle. Head/Table machines are arguably the most capable of

the three group. can machine large, heavy parts. Table carries the part & spindle head articulates the tool

with tilting motions.

Head/Head Machine both rotary axes connected and attached to the spindle. machines can be both vertical and horizontal. in addition to milling, these machines can

also be outfitted to manipulate a water-jet or a laser.

Trunnion-style & swivel-head 5-axis machine Trunnion-style 5-axis machine – A & C –

axes –express by the movement of the table.

Swivel-style 5-axis machine – B & C-axes –express by swiveling the spindle .

Benefits Trunnion-style 5-

axis machine Better undercut

capability Larger work volume More torque at low

rpm

Swivel-style 5-axis machine

Can handle heavier parts

Less tool interference

More versatility

Most important physical positions of a 5-axis machining Machine Home Position : the place to which

all the axes move when the machine is initially turned on and Zero return is selected.

Machine Rotary Zero Position – Is the intersection of the rotary/pivoting axes .

Program Zero Position - is the part datum location in the CAM system.

Why 5 axis machining ? These machines typically require only one

setup to machine an entire part, saving time and improving accuracy between operations.

They also have a capability with the shorter tools in the under cut zones and provide machining which can not be provided by standard machines .

Helps to reduce setup time and eliminate the typical flipping of parts required on three-axis machining centres.

WHAT 5 AXIS CAN DO? True five-axis machining refers to the ability

to feed the tool through the cut using all axes to smoothly follow a contoured surface.

example of a blade, the rotary axes move continuously during the cut.

Don’t have to use all five axes at the same time to get great benefits.

3+2 machining :- Also known as positional 5-axis machining. Part can be tilted first & then machine with

a 3 conventional axes. Requires stopping & starting between each

reorientation of the tool. shorter tool length also enables undercuts

in cavities. Mostly used in mould making to prevent

tool deformations.

ADVANTAGES:- Saving time and money . Saves on part handling because no one

has to move the part from machine to machine .

Less defective products. Less no. of tool variation requirement.

Disadvantages

Reduce feed rate. Total accuracy depends heavily on the

rotary axes accuracy and setup. Very difficult to write a program for a

very complex part.

THANK YOU……..