Asma bronkial merupakan salah satu penyakitalergi dan masih menjadi masalah kesehatan baik dinegara maju maupun di negara berkembang.1,2
Prevalensi dan angka rawat inap penyakit asmabronkial di negara maju dari tahun ke tahuncenderung meningkat.3 Di Indonesia belum ada dataepidemiologi yang pasti namun diperkirakanberkisar 3-8%.4 Beberapa Faktor risiko untuktimbulnya asma bronkial telah diketahui secarapasti, antara lain: riwayat keluarga, tingkat sosialekonomi rendah, etnis, daerah perkotaan, letakgeografi tempat tinggal, memelihara anjing ataukucing dalam rumah, terpapar asap rokok.5,6 Asmabronkial dikelompokkan menjadi dua subtipeintrinsik dan ekstrinsik, namun terminologi ini telahditinggalkan dan saat ini dikenal sebagai asmabronkial atopi dan non atopi berdasarkan adanya teskulit yang positif terhadap alergen dan ditemukanadanya peningkatan imunoglobulin (Ig) E dalamdarah.7 Sekitar 80% penderita asma bronkial adalah
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16. Hamelmann N. The rationale for treatingallergic asthma with anti-IgE. Eur Respir Rev2007;16:61-6.17. Romanet-Manent S, Charpin D, Magnan A,Lanteaume A, Vervloet D. Allergic vsnonallergic asthma: what makes the difference?Allergy 2002;57:607-13.18. Court CS, Cook DG, Strachan DP. Comparative
epidemiology of atopic and nonatopic wheezeand diagnosed asthma in a national sample ofEnglish adults. Thorax 2002;57:951-7.19. Garcia-Marcos L, Garcia-Hernandez G, MoralesSuarez-Varela M, Batlles Garrido J, Castro-Rodriguez JA. Asthma attributable to atopy:does it depend on the allergen supply? PediatrAllergy Immunol 2007;18:181-7.20. Martinez FD. Complexities of the genetics ofasthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med1997;156:S117-22.
