Transcript
  • CCD based vertex detector design for JLCTsukasa AsoToyama National College of Maritime TechnologyG.Iwai,K.Fujiwara,H.Takayama,N.TamuraNiigata UniversityY.Sugimoto, A.MiyamotoKEKK.AbeTohoku Gakuin UniversityJLC Vertex group

    VERTEX2002 in Hawaii Island, Kona

  • ContentsDesign concepts and RequirementsAccelerator DesignVTX detector designIR design and backgroundsPresent results and ActivitiesRadiation immunitySpatial resolutionFast readout electronicsSummary

    VERTEX2002 in Hawaii Island, Kona

  • AcceleratorDesign6mrad crab crossingBeam time StructureBunch-train StructureI )

    VERTEX2002 in Hawaii Island, Kona

  • VTX DesignVTXPrecise Secondary vertex reconstructionReconstruct decay vertices of B and D meson decays for excellent b/c jet separation Improvement of momentum resolutionRequirementsUnambiguous 2D reconstructionPixel devices If the hit rate of background was about 1hit/mm2/train, It correspond to 100% occupancy in Strip detector 1hit/(20um x 5cm)/train.Low materials(Especially for low momentum tracks)Thin devicesSimple structure/operation Operation at room temperature ~ 0 Celsius.

    VERTEX2002 in Hawaii Island, Kona

  • Room temperature operationCCDsFeatureThin/Low materialLow power consumptionBut Needs cooling ?w/o Cooling system Avoid multiple scattering by cooling systemAvoid thermal distortion of sensors ( fabrication operation temperature discrepancy)Desirable to operate in room temperature ( ~ 0 Celsius )Back-illumination CCD : HPK S7170 Thickness ~20umCCD Flatness

    VERTEX2002 in Hawaii Island, Kona

  • VTX detector designBaseline design |cos | < 0.90Pixel size 25 um1.25cm x 5cm x330um4Layers with 10deg tilt ( r=24,36,48,60 mm) ( Ladder 16/24/32/40) (Sensor 2/3/4/5)Intrinsic resolution 4 um (Just for a Simulation input )

    VERTEX2002 in Hawaii Island, Kona

  • IR Design and BackgroundModel d) 3T with SC-QC1QC1 : Super Conducting magnet L* = 4.3 m To reduce back scattering background produced by the interaction at QC1R=8~16.5cm

    VERTEX2002 in Hawaii Island, Kona

  • Background estimationBeam-Beam Interactione+e- pair productionBeamstrahlung Secondary produced backgrounds*Geant4 ( SR/PhotoNuclear )Include solenoid ( uniform 3T ) +QC1 ( Ideal gradient ) Electron backgrounds ( /mm2/train)**Geant395bunchesLow Lum.Similar toTRC(X)NLC - JLCNeutrons Previous Study 1E+9/cm2/Yr (Beamstrahlung)1Yr operation e+e- pair ~1hit/mm2/train1.5E+11/cm2/Yr

    VERTEX2002 in Hawaii Island, Kona

  • Present results and ActivitiesRadiation immunitySpatial resolutionFast readout electronicsII)

    VERTEX2002 in Hawaii Island, Kona

  • Radiation ImmunityMPP OperationInverted by holesSi02 Si InterfaceSmall packetNotch CCD2-Phase CCD3-Phase CCDLow density

    VERTEX2002 in Hawaii Island, Kona

  • CCD Structure [contd]

    Result > 1.5E+11e/cm2JLC: 1.5E+11/cm2/yr @2.4cmResult > 1.5E+10 n/cm2JLC: 1E+9/cm2/Yr (Preliminary)Radiation ImmunityVee (V)Vee (V)Dark current (electrons/pix) Electrons from Sr90Neutrons from Cf252HPK10

    VERTEX2002 in Hawaii Island, Kona

  • Radiation Immunity CTI properties3Phase2PhaseStdCTINotchVCTI ( Irradiation)CTI ( Irradiation)ElectronNeutronHPK10CTI~Nt/Ns Concentration Nt : Defect Ns : Signal

    VERTEX2002 in Hawaii Island, Kona

  • Radiation test -1-Why is additional test of radiation damage needed?

    Non-Ionizing Energy LossRadiation damageis thought to be proportional to NIEL

    The radiation damageat JLC estimated to be10 times bigger thanour study using Sr90.

    Radiation damage by high energy (>10MeV)electrons should be studied.

    VERTEX2002 in Hawaii Island, Kona

  • Radiation test (First trial 2002/12/9)Experimental setup

    ElectronBeam100 MeVPt 0.1X0 0.5X0Bending MagnetChoice of SettingsPrimary Beam Energy 100MeV electronsTarget radiation length 0.1/0.5 X0B field High/Low Tesla modeTohoku-Univ

    VERTEX2002 in Hawaii Island, Kona

  • Spatial resolution-Test beam-Dark current is suppressed by the successfulOperation of Inverted mode. Noises in a pixel (R/O cycle ~ 3sec. ) HPK10(23e)/ HPK50(58e) / EEV(37e)HPK50 : HPK with epitaxial layer of 50um4-Layers CCD Tracker

    VERTEX2002 in Hawaii Island, Kona

  • Spatial resolutionIntrinsic ResolutionIs better than 3 um. Thermal diffusion of signal charge improves resolution. RLM : RLM functionAC : Analog centered Pixel APixel BSignal of Pixel ASignal of Pixel B

    VERTEX2002 in Hawaii Island, Kona

  • Comparison with simulationEnergy Deposit in Silicon Estimated Active layer11um for HPK1051um for HPK50Active Layer

    VERTEX2002 in Hawaii Island, Kona

  • Charge sharing simulationHPK10HPK50d/A=50%d/A=30%d/A=20%d/A=10%d/A=5%Depletion (d)Field Free (f)Active (A=d+f)XXLog(R)Log(R)d ~ sqrt(2Dt)f ~ G.R.HopkinsonNIM 216(1983)432Energy(keV)NNClusteringHPK50HPK10OpenExpCloseSimDrift coff. *Drift Time

    VERTEX2002 in Hawaii Island, Kona

  • Electronics fabricationReadout operationAll pixels must be readout every train crossing interval of 6.7 ms.10MHz readout can transfer about 250x250pix in the interval.5cm1.25cm250x250pix/chip16chips/sensor

    Total 424 sensors6784chips needed.

    VERTEX2002 in Hawaii Island, Kona

  • Fast R/O System -1-

    Evaluation board of ADCCCD Signal processor chip for Digital Camera 9x9mm2 chip size ~ $6/chipAD9844A(Analog Devices Co.)12bit 20MSPS ADC20MSPS Correlated Double Sampler6bit variable CDS Gain Amp.Low power consumption(65mW/2.7V)

    VERTEX2002 in Hawaii Island, Kona

  • Fast R/O System -2-CCD SIGNALVIDEO SIGNALAD6644 inputLVDS InputXC2V404CS144C(FPGA)AD9844A[FADC]Backside Interface to Digital board (12 bit DBUS]Linearity was confirmed.LSB resolution 0.2mV.Dynamic range 0~800mV

    VERTEX2002 in Hawaii Island, Kona

  • SummaryDesign and status of JLC VTX detector is presented.Goal --- CCD operation at room temperatureRadiation immunity : No problemBut, further investigation is necessary. Electrons => Higher energy must be confirmed experimentally. ( Additional experiments are going. ) Neutrons => Yield of neutron is ambiguous ( beam dump ) ( Reliable simulation with precise geometry, JUPITER)Spatial resolution : < 3um at -15 C.More investigation of charge sharing property improve resolution? ( Laser scanner test at Niigata Univ. with 2x2um spot.)Readout Electronics: EvaluatingStudy the effect of Fast readout for irradiated samplesEvaluation of thinned devicePartially thinned CCD ..(Distortion measurement system: ready)

    VERTEX2002 in Hawaii Island, Kona