Formula Sheet
πΈ π! = βπ π π!(π ) π!! = βπ π π! π β πΈ π! !
π!" = βπ π π! π β πΈ π! π! π β πΈ π! π!" =!!"!!!!
( ) 212P PU E r AΟ= β *
2
( )P f
P
E r ry
AΟβ
= ( )Ο
β= P f
PP
E r rS
( ) ( ) (1 ) [ ( ) ]c p f f p fE r yE r y r r y E r r= + β = + β π! = π¦π!
( ) ( ) ( )P D D E EE r w E r w E r= + 2 2 2 2 2 2 ( , )P D D E E D E D Ew w w w cov r rΟ Ο Ο= + +
2
1 1 1( ) ( ) ( , )
n n n
P i i P i j i ji i j
E r w E r Ο ww cov r r= = =
= =β ββ
2( )M f ME r r AΟβ =
( ) ( )2
cov ,[ ]i M
i i f i M fM
r rE r r E r rΞ² Ξ²
Οβ‘ β€= β = ββ£ β¦
π! = πΈ π! + π½!π + π! ( ) ( ) ( )i i i M iR t R t e tΞ± Ξ²= + +
π!! = π½!!π!! + π!(π!) πππ£ π! , π! = π½!π½!π!!
π! = πΈ π! + π½!!πΉ! + π½!!πΉ! + π! πΈ π! = π! + π½!!π! + π½!!π!