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Fire & Rescue Department
Fire Safety Management
For Construction Sites
For
KKR OSH Day
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SPEAKERS PROFILE
NAME : Khirudin Bin Drahman
PLACE OF WORK : KL Fire & Department
POSITION : DirectorRANK : Senior Assistant Commissioner
YEAR OF SERVICE : 24 Years
QUALIFICATION : Master of Science ERP (UPM)
Malaysia
PROFESSIONAL
AFFILIATION : Member IFE, UK
: Member of IMDEM
CONTACT : 03-21484444 (OFF)
: 012-3584737 (HP)
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Thought For The Day
Peter Drucker
The first duty of business is
to survive, and the guiding
p r i n c i p l e o f b u s i n e s s
e c o n om i c s i s n o t t h emaximization of profitIt
is the avoidance of loss.
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MRCB VIDEO
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PICTURES OF MRC UILDING FIRE
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PICTURES OF MRC UILDING FIRE
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PICTURES OF MRC UILDING FIRE
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PICTURES OF MRC UILDING FIRE
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PICTURES OF MRC UILDING FIRE
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PICTURES OF MRC UILDING FIRE
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PICTURES OF MRC UILDING FIRE
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PICTURES OF MRC UILDING FIRE
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PICTURES OF MRC UILDING FIRE
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PICTURES OF MRC UILDING FIRE
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PICTURES OF KKR UILDING FIRE
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PICTURES OF KKR UILDING FIRE
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PICTURES OF KKR UILDING FIRE
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PICTURES OF KKR UILDING FIRE
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PICTURES OF KKR UILDING FIRE
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Building Design And StructuralCondition
Surface Spread Of Flame Over Finish& Furnishes & Spread Of FlameThrough Unprotected VerticalOpenings
Geometric Configuration AndArrangement Of Building Contents
Thermal Conductivity Of BuildingContents (Fire Load)
Availability Of Air SupplySurrounding The Building Contents(Oxygen)
Sufficient Balance Between Building
Contents And Air Flow That SustainsCombustion
FACTORS AFFECTING FIRE SPREAD
Wirt Dexter Building Fire, Oct. 24,
2006, Historic Building Destroyed
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WHAT IS FIRE SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Fire safety management
system is a continuous
process that involves
planning, implementing
and evaluating measures
taken to reduce risks of
persons and property fromfire to a acceptable /
tolerable level
Fire at KL Sentral building
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WHAT IS THE OBJECTIVES OF FIRE
SAFETY MANAGEMENT
Preventing Fires From Occurring
Protecting People & Property From Fire
Preparing For Fire Incident
Responding To Fire Incident
Recovering From Fire Incident
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QUESTION.
Are you absolutely safe
from fire in your
Construction Site
YES / NO
WhyThe One Meridian Plaza Fire,
Philadelphia, February 23, 1991, 3 killed
& 24 injured firefighters, $100million
property loss
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ABSOLUTELY NO, BECAUSE .
As long as there is FIRE HAZARD there is fire risk
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FIRE SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Fire SafetyRisk
ConsequencesProbability
Cause Exit /Extinguish
HAZARD SAFEDANGER
Fire Safety
Monitor, Review and Update The Plan
Develop An Emergency Response Plan
Redniham Model
So far as is
practical
Best practical
means
Prevent Protect
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MANAGEMENT FIRE SAFETY
Legal requirement
Duty of care
Economic reasons
Social obligation
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FIRE SERVICE ACT & REGULATIONS 1988
INTERPRETATION
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PART 1
PRELIMINARY
INTERPRETATION
Fire Hazard means : Any unlawful alteration to any building
which may render escape difficult or less
easy in the event of fire
The overcrowding of any place of public
entertainment or gathering in the event
of fire
SECTION 2
Fire Rescue Depa rtment, Ma laysia
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INTERPRETATION (CONT)
Fire Hazard means :
Inadequate means of exit from any part
of the building to any place within or
outside the building in the event of fire
Matters / circumstances that increases
the likelihood of a fire or hamper FSD
discharging its duties in the event of fire
SECTION 2
Fire Rescue Depa rtment, Ma laysia
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INTERPRETATION
Fire Hazard means :
Removal or absence of fire fighting
equipment or fire safety installation
required by law
Fire installation that is not in
efficient working order, inside or
outside the building as required by
any written law
SECTION 2
Fire Rescue Depa rtment, Ma laysia
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Occupational Safety & Health Act 1994
Sec 15 (1)
Employers duty toensure so far as it is
practicablethe safety,
health & welfare of
his employees atworkplace
LEGAL OBLIGATION
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NON-COMPLIANCE
Sec 19
A person who contravenes the
provisions of sec 15, shall be guilty
of an offence and shall on
conviction be liable to a fine not
exceeding Fifty Thousand Ringgitor to imprisonment for a term not
exceeding two years or both
Occupational Safety & Health Act 1994
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Authorities
Designers
BuildersInspectors
Occupiers
(Enforce)
(Committed)
(Comply)(Responsible)
(Maintain)
Critical
Issues
Surrounding
Fire Safety Management
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FIRE HAZARDS IN CONSTRUCTION SITE
Acetylene Is A Highly Explosive Gas LEL:2%-UEL:98%
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Negligent Use Of Acetylene Touch
FIRE HAZARDS IN CONSTRUCTION SITE
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Open Burning
FIRE HAZARDS IN CONSTRUCTION SITE
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Careless Disposal Of Cigarette Butt
FIRE HAZARDS IN CONSTRUCTION SITE
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Unsafe Electrical Installations
FIRE HAZARDS IN CONSTRUCTION SITE
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Poor Storage Of Flammable Liquids
FIRE HAZARDS IN CONSTRUCTION SITE
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Leaks From Flammable Gas
FIRE HAZARDS IN CONSTRUCTION SITE
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Flammable Liquid Spill
FIRE HAZARDS IN CONSTRUCTION SITE
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Work Of Arsonist
FIRE HAZARDS IN CONSTRUCTION SITE
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Welding Close To Combustibles
FIRE HAZARDS IN CONSTRUCTION SITE
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Spontaneous Combustion
FIRE HAZARDS IN CONSTRUCTION SITE
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Cooking Left Unattended
FIRE HAZARDS IN CONSTRUCTION SITE
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Top managementmust establish aclear written firesafety policy
The organizationand resources
necessary to carryout the policyobjective mustexist.
PRINCIPLES OF FIRE SAFETY MANAGEMENT
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The organization must plan& implement fire safety
measures .
The organization must carryout fire risk assessment to
ensure the planned firesafety measures are achieved
PRINCIPLES OF FIRE SAFETY MANAGEMENT
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The organization mustcontinuously monitor, review,and update its fire safety
measures to ensure that it iscurrent & relevant.
Management and employees
must cooperatewholeheartedly in securingthe workplace from fire
PRINCIPLES OF FIRE SAFETY MANAGEMENT
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The best available knowledge &methods must be applied in allworkplace activities, processesand systems to avoid or reduce
fire.
Fire safety must be an integralpart of business managementstrategy.
Top management must take leadin organizing fire safety at thework place
PRINCIPLES OF FIRE SAFETY MANAGEMENT
FIRE SAFETY MANAGEMENT MODEL
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FIRE SAFETY MANAGEMENT MODEL
Policy
Organizing
Planning and
Implementing
Evaluate
Action
forImprovement Leadership
Understanding
Communication
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The organization and responsibilities
for fire safety must be established
The arrangement for fire safetytraining must be given to all siteoperatives
Rising mains , fire detection, alarmsystems, temporary emergency lightingand portable fire extinguishers must beinstalled in accordance with UBBL 1984
Sec 52 & FSA 341 Sec 5(F)
The location of designated smokingareas and No Smoking compliance inaccordance with legislative laws must
be observed
CONSTRUCTION SITE FIRE SAFETY PLAN
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The requirement for hot work permits mustbe carried out
The location, construction andmaintenance of temporary buildings andtemporary accommodation should at safedistance
An effective evacuation plan andprocedures for summoning firedepartment incase of fire must be posted
Fire drill exercise planned & tested,
reviewed and updated every six month
Fire departments, access, facilities and co-ordination must be maintained
Instructions must be given to those on
site of the required action in case of fire
CONSTRUCTION SITE FIRE SAFETY PLAN
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Security measures and surveillance tocontrol the risk of arson must be given
priority
Proper management for storage andcontrol of waste materials must be inaccordance with Akta Kualiti Alam
Proper management for storage andcontrol of flammable liquids andcompressed gases must be in accordancewith MS 830, MS930 and MS 761
Take action to promote safe working
environment in accordance with OSHpractices
Dynamic risk assessment carried outthroughout the construction period. Higher
the risk for fire, the closer must be thesupervision
CONSTRUCTION SITE FIRE SAFETY PLAN
DUTIES OF PERSON RESPONSIBLE FOR
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Ensure site fire safety plan areunderstood and complied byeveryone on the site
Conduct weekly inspection ofescape routes, fire safety signage's,and temporary emergency lightings
Carry out weekly inspection on allfirefighting equipment andfacilities
DUTIES OF PERSON RESPONSIBLE FOR
FIRE SAFETY IN CONSTRUCTION SITE
DUTIES OF PERSON RESPONSIBLE FOR
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Carry out weekly checks oftemporary electrical cables, thehousekeeping on site and storage of
combustible waste materials
Liaise with fire department to carryout site inspection andfamiliarization tours
Liaise with site security personneland ensure they adequately train infire safety
DUTIES OF PERSON RESPONSIBLE FOR
FIRE SAFETY IN CONSTRUCTION SITE
DUTIES OF PERSON RESPONSIBLE FOR
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Conduct periodic maintenancefor fire protection equipmentand keep a written record of allchecks, inspections and test
Maintain written records oftraining, fire patrols, and firedrill procedures
Appoint sufficient number of firewardens trained in evacuation,first aid and firefighting whereit is safe
DUTIES OF PERSON RESPONSIBLE FOR
FIRE SAFETY IN CONSTRUCTION SITE
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Conduct routine FIRE RISK
ASSESSMENT by a competent person
and reviewed periodically
Temporary building should be
separated from building under
construction or other permanent
building to provide fire break at
least 30 to 50 meters
Flammable liquids, compressed gases
and/ or LPG must not be stored
together and operated with high
level of safety& security alert
HOW TO PREVENT CONSTRUCTION SITE FIRES
HOW TO PREVENT CONSTRUCTION SITE FIRES
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All temporary electrical installations &equipments must be checked, inspected &
reviewed by a qualified person
Maintain Good House Keeping in all work
areas and fire check undertaken eachworking day, shift , holiday periods and
at weekends
Avoid Cooking With Open Flames, &
Instead Use Hot Plates or microwave ovens
Do Not Leave Cooking Unattended and
leave tar boilers unattended At All Times
F ir e at KL Sentral Bui lding
HOW TO PREVENT CONSTRUCTION SITE FIRES
HOW TO PREVENT CONSTRUCTION SITE FIRES
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Clean & Maintain Oil From Accumulating InThe Kitchen Hoods
Ensure All Gas Cylinders & Its Installation
Are Installed By Qualified Persons According
To current Standards & By Laws
Issue Hot Work Permits For Hot Works &
Ensure Contractors Comply To These Rules &
Regulations
Do Not Store Combustibles Where They May
Catch Fire Easily and DO NOT PRACTICE
OPEN BURNING anywhere around the
construction site
HOW TO PREVENT CONSTRUCTION SITE FIRES
HOW TO PREVENT CONSTRUCTION SITE FIRES
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Store combustible liquid in well locked metal
cupboard or proper storage areas isolated from
other parts of the construction site
Flammable materials such as solvents and
adhesives should be stored in locked metal
containers
Eliminate, avoid or reduce using materials that
are easily ignitable or producing dense smoke or
noxious gases
Eliminate, avoid, or reduce unwanted
ignition/heat sources
Avoid unnecessary stockpiling of combustible
material eg ; polystyrene
HOW TO PREVENT CONSTRUCTION SITE FIRES
HOW TO PREVENT CONSTRUCTION SITE FIRES
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Flexible materials used to clad
scaffolding must not contribute to fire
load or the potential for fire growth
and spread
All Repair Works On Construction
Facilities Must Be Carried Out By A
Competent Or Qualified Person
Install CCTV In Areas Where Intruders
/ Arsonist May Have Access To The
construction site
HOW TO PREVENT CONSTRUCTION SITE FIRES
CHALLENGES DURING A CONSTRUCTION SITE FIRE
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Access time to the site and seat of fire
may be hampered and delayed
severely by the nature of construction
settings
Delayed departure of workers from the
place of fire due to constructionsettings and obstacles
Fires can dangerously spread very fast
due to wind factor and inadequacy in
passive protection and automatic firesuppression system
Uncontrolled smoke dispersion and
heat radiation from fire can hamper
firefi htin severel
CHALLENGES DURING A CONSTRUCTION SITE FIRE
CHALLENGES DURING A CONSTRUCTION SITE FIRE
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High risk of accidents and injuries
may result to emergency responders
working in a relatively unsafe
environment
Dangers of building parts orstructures collapsing due to excess
heat weakening the structural
integrity tremendously
Fire extinguishing needs copious
amount of continuous water supply
to initiate quenching and
preventing reigniting
CHALLENGES DURING A CONSTRUCTION SITE FIRE
CHALLENGES DURING A CONSTRUCTION SITE FIRE
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Night time firefighting with minimum
visibility can inevitably reduce firefighting
capabilities
The ground in itself can be immensely
challenging for effective firefighting due
to the presence of large distribution of
building materials
Jet stream of water may not reach to the
source of fire sufficiently due to
obstructions in the path of fire
Mobilization of logistical support, relief
crew , welfare needs and staging points to
the site can be an arduous task
CHALLENGES DURING A CONSTRUCTION SITE FIRE
WHAT TO DO WHEN FIRE STRIKES
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Anyone who discovers the fire, mustraise the alarm
Activate your Emergency Action Plan
without delay
Call the fire & rescue department
promptly, even if the fire is
extinguished
Try and stop the fire at source &
prevent it from escalating if its safe
to do so. Thats the top most priority
WHAT TO DO WHEN FIRE STRIKES
WHAT TO DO WHEN FIRE STRIKES
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Evacuate anyone who maybe inimminent danger immediately, then
simultaneously evacuate others from
the top floors followed by the floors
below swiftly
Isolate the floor / area & secure the
place from intruders & deny entry to
anyone except the emergency
responders
The Company Emergency Manager
may initially assume command &
initiate emergency procedures
WHAT TO DO WHEN FIRE STRIKES
WHAT TO DO WHEN FIRE STRIKES
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Call the Fire & Rescue Department andreport status and liaise with them
upon their arrival
Surrender command & assume
responsibilities in accordance with the
companies emergency management
system or protocols
Emergency manager may reassumeduties once the Fire & Rescue
Department declares the incident
over and clearance granted by
relevant authorities
WHAT TO DO WHEN FIRE STRIKES
WHAT TO DO WHEN FIRE STRIKES
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Anyone who discovers the fire, mustraise the alarm
Activate your emergency action plan
without delay
Call the Fire & Rescue department
promptly, even if you think the fire
can be extinguished
Try and stop the fire at source &
prevent it from escalating if its safe
to do so.
WHAT TO DO WHEN FIRE STRIKES
WHAT TO DO WHEN FIRE STRIKES
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Evacuate anyone who maybe inimminent danger immediately, then
simultaneously evacuate others from
the top floors followed by the floors
below swiftly
Isolate the floor / area & secure the
place from intruders & deny entry to
anyone except the emergency
responders
The Company Emergency on site
Responders may initially assume
responsibilities & initiate emergency
procedures
WHAT TO DO WHEN FIRE STRIKES
WHAT TO DO WHEN FIRE STRIKES
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Call the Fire & Rescue Department andreport status and liaise with them upon
their arrival
Surrender command & assume other
responsibilities in accordance with yourcompanies emergency management
arrangements or provide assistance/support
to emergency services as and when
necessary
Company Emergency Management Team
may reassume overhaul works once the Fire
& Rescue Department declares the incident
over and clearance granted by all relevant
authorities
WHAT TO DO WHEN FIRE STRIKES
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Uniform Building By-Laws 1984
: Ensuring that hydrant point and anyother existing utility service installations
are not obstructed by such hoardings or
materials.
By-Laws 49(e)
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: In buildings which are designed to exceed
18.3 meters in height to the top most full
floor, rising mains in accordance with by-law 232 shall be installed as soon as the
building exceeds that height to provide fire
fighting facilities during the various stages
of construction.
By-Laws 52
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: Where either wet or dry riser system is
required, at least one riser shall be
installed when the building underconstruction has reached a height of above
the level of the fire brigade pumping inlet
with connections thereto located adjacent
to a useable staircase.
: Such riser shall be extended as
construction progresses to within two floors
of the topmost floor under construction
and where the designed height of the
building requires the installation of a wet
riser system fire pumps, water storage tanks
and water main connections shall be
provided to serve the riser.
By-Laws 232 (1)
(2)
INTERPRETATION
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INTERPRETATION
fire-hazardmeans :
(a) (e)
(f) Any other matter or circumstance
that materially increases thelikelihood of a fire or the danger
to life or property that would
result from the outbreak of a fire,
or that would materially hamper
the Fire and Rescue Departmentin the discharge of its duties in
the event of a fire.
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(a) extinguishing, fighting, preventing or limiting a fire.
(b) Giving warning of a fire.
(c) Providing access to any premises or place or to any
part thereof for the purpose of extinguishing, fighting,
preventing or limiting a fire.
(d) Providing emergency power supply in the event of
normal power failure.
(e) Providing emergency lighting for purposes of escape
from buildings.(f) Giving direction towards an escape route or place of
refuge.
(g) Providing adequate, safe egress for the purpose of
evacuation or exit of occupant in the even of fire.
Fire fighting equipment or fire safety installation
means any equipment or installation for :
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(a) The registered proprietor of the premises.
(b) If the registered proprietor of the premises cannot
be traced, his agent or trustee.
(c) If the registered proprietor of the premises is dead,
his legal personal representative.
(d) If none of the persons mentioned in paragraphs (a),
(b) and (c) exists, the person who for the time being
is receiving the rent of the premises, whether on hisown account or as an agent or trustee of another
person or as a receiver, or who would be receiving
the rent if the premises were let.
owner, in relation to any premises, means :
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closing order means an order madeorder section 13 that prohibits such use
of any premises as is specified in the
order, the use of which may materiallyincrease the likelihood of a fire of the
danger to life or property resulting from
the outbreak of a fire in or on thepremises or other premises.
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ABATEMENT OF FIRE-HAZARD
Fire-hazard Abatement Notice(1) The Director General, if satisfied of the existence in
any premises of any fire-hazard, may serve:
(a) on the person by reason of whose act, default orsufferance the fire-hazard arose or continues, if he is
the occupier of the premises at the time the notice is
to be served.
(b) if the person by reason of whose act, default or
sufferance the fire-hazard arose or continues is not
the occupier of the premises at the same time the
notice is to be served or is not known, on the owner
of the premises.
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(c) if the owner of the premises cannot readily be
ascertained or found or is absent from Malaysia, onthe occupier of the premises, regardless of whether
he is the person by reason of whose act, default or
sufferance the fire-hazard arose or continues.
A fire-hazard abatement notice in Form A in the
First Schedule , requiring him to abate the fire-
hazard within the period specified in the notice, and
to do all such things as may be necessary for that
purpose; and the notice may, if the Director Generalthinks fit, specify any work to be executed for that
purpose.
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(2) If the Director General considers that the fire-hazard
is likely to recur, he may also, by the fire-hazardabatement notice under subsection (1) or by a
subsequent fire-hazard abatement notice in Form B
in the First Schedule, require the person on whom
the notice is served to do whatever is necessary forpreventing the recurrence of the fire-hazard to which
the notice relates and, if the Director General think it
desirable, specify any works to be executed for that
purpose; and a notice containing such a requirement
may be served notwithstanding that the fire-hazardto which it relates may for the time being have been
abated.
Closing Order
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g
(1) Where a fire-hazard abatement notice has been
served on any person, if :
(a) that person fails to comply with any of the requirements
of the notice within the time specified therein; and
(b) the fire-hazard, although abated since the service of thenotice, is, in the opinion of the Director General, likely to
recur in the same premises,
and the Director General is of the opinion that it is
necessary to prohibit any use of the premises that maymaterially increase the likelihood of a fire or the danger to
life or property resulting from the outbreak of a fire in or
on the premises or other premises, the Director General may,
by way of a complaint, apply to a court for a closing order.
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THANK YOU
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THANK YOU
TANKJE WOL
MERCI
GRACIAS
MAHADSANID
ASANTE
MATONDO
BOTONDI
NGIYABONGA
SPASEEBA
DANYAVAD
SHAY-SHAY
AREEGAHTOH
SALAMAT
TENKU
TERIMA KASIH
KIA ORA
THANK YOU