TEKNIK PRODUKSI NO : TP.05.05
JUDUL : STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE
SUB JUDUL : Perawatan Sumur dan Kerja-Ulang Khusus Pengasaman, Fracturing dan Perforasi
Halaman : 1 / 16 Revisi/Thn : 2 / Juli 2003
Manajemen Produksi Hulu
STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE
Perawatan Sumur dan Kerja-Ulang Khusus Pengasaman, Fracturing dan Perforasi
1. Pengasaman
Membuat rencana penempatan peralatan untuk masing-masing lokasi dan mereview rencana tsb bersama-
sama supervisor rig dan perusahaan pengasaman sebelum membawa rig perawatan sumur dan peralatan
pengasaman ke lokasi. Memastikan bahwa tata-letak peralatan sesuai dengan panduan penempatan.
Melakukan rapat keselamatan pra-kerja dan mereview program perawatan sumur dengan perusahaan
pengasaman dan staf rig perawatan sumur. Mereview Lembaran Data Keamanan Bahan (MSDS) untuk
bahan-bahan yang akan ditangani.
Memberitahu Bagian S&E, 24 jam sebelum melakukan pengasaman untuk pemasangan safety shower dan
alat pemadam api di lokasi.
Mengikuti Checklist keselamatan kerja dan kontrol kualitas dari JOB.
Mengikuti panduan dari perusahaan pengasaman untuk penanganan cairan yang mudah berkarat dan
mudah terbakar dengan aman.
1.2 Perekahan
Membuat rencana penempatan peralatan untuk masing-masing lokasi dan mereview rencana tsb bersama-
sama supervisor rig dan perusahaan perekahan sebelum membawa rig perawatan sumur dan peralatan
perekahan ke lokasi. Memastikan bahwa tata-letak peralatan sesuai dengan panduan penempatan.
Mengadakan rapat keselamatan pra-kerja dan mereview program perawatan sumur dengan perusahaan
perawat sumur dan staf rig perawatan sumur.
TEKNIK PRODUKSI NO : TP.05.05
JUDUL : STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE
SUB JUDUL : Perawatan Sumur dan Kerja-Ulang Khusus Pengasaman, Fracturing dan Perforasi
Halaman : 2 / 16 Revisi/Thn : 2 / Juli 2003
Manajemen Produksi Hulu
Memberitahu Bagian S&E 24 jam sebelum melakukan pekerjaan untuk memasang safety shower dan alat
pemadam api ke lokasi.
Mengikuti checklist keselamtan kerja dan pengontrol kualitas JOB.
Mengikuti panduan perusahaan perekahan untuk penanganan cairan yang bisa menimbulkan karat dan
mudah terbakar secara aman
Catatan: Lampirkan copy dari SOP ini ke dalam masing-masing program kerja-ulang sumur.
1.3 Perforasi Tubing Conveyed and Wireline Conveyed
Mengadakan rapat keselamatan pra-kerja dan mereview program perawatan sumur dengan perusahaan
perforasi dan staf rig perawatan sumur.
Mengikuti panduan perusahaan perforasi untuk penanganan bahan peledak secara aman
Mereview checklist pekerjaan perusahaan perawatan sumur sebelum dan selama JOB.
Pastikan ketinggian fluida 100 m di atas zona yang akan diperforasi. Lakukan pengecekan kedalaman
fluida sebelum memasang packer.
Setelah peledakan TCP gun, gun jangan dilepas dari tubing tanpa diskusi dan persetujuan tertulis dari
kepala engineering.
TEKNIK PRODUKSI NO : TP.05.05
JUDUL : STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE
SUB JUDUL : Perawatan Sumur dan Kerja-Ulang Khusus Pengasaman, Fracturing dan Perforasi
Halaman : 3 / 16 Revisi/Thn : 2 / Juli 2003
Manajemen Produksi Hulu
Fracturing Candidate Selection Check List
WellFrac Candidate RatingAdditional Work Required To Frac Zone
Common Items to all zones Y/N Note Detail Action RequiredCement:
1 Condition of cement, above and below zone of interest2 Top of cement3 Any squeeze perforations in wellbore4 Liner cemented or not5 Thief zones or wash out present
Wellbore:6 Evidence of casing damage or previous repair7 Wellbore debris present that may affect frac8 Well deviation at zone of interest9 Casing size & weight
10 Condition of casing above & below zone of interest11 History of milling & drilling above & below zone of interest12 Liner size & weight13 Condition & location of liner14 Sufficient blank casing for setting tools15 Date of last perforation in zone of interest16 Total area of perforations (min. 14.8 in.sq)
Reservoir:17 Well location to faults18 Well location to nearest wells19 Shale present above & below zone of interest20 Shale thickness above & below zone of interest21 Reservoir pressure22 Adequate injector support23 Current production & estimate future production
Treatment:24 Previous treatments 25 Screen out expected or not26 Expected leak off (high/low)27 Anticipated surface treating pressure28 Target height29 Lithology30 Zone barriers present or not31 Frac history of nearest wells
Surface:32 Resident distance to wellsite33 Wellsite adequate for W/O equipment34 Adequate access road to wellsite35 Wellhead & equipment condition36 Wellhead size & rating
Lifting Equipment:37 Lift equipment required following treatment
Definition of Rating:1 Recommended: normal operation2 Recommended: additional work required, low risk (ie. 'C' zone isolation)3 Recommended: additional work required, medium risk and/or medium cost (ie.
repair bond above or below zone / upper casing leak)4 Recommended: additonal work required high risk and/or high cost (ie. casing
liner or high oil production in adjacent zones at risk of damage from operation)5 Not recommended: additional work required with high riskand/or high cost.
Equipment and/or services not available or under contract.
TEKNIK PRODUKSI NO : TP.05.05
JUDUL : STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE
SUB JUDUL : Perawatan Sumur dan Kerja-Ulang Khusus Pengasaman, Fracturing dan Perforasi
Halaman : 4 / 16 Revisi/Thn : 2 / Juli 2003
Manajemen Produksi Hulu
Location :
Date :
Item Check
01. Compact Rig up, minimum iron used 02. Safe, practical distance from wellhead 03. Master valve properly installed on main line 04. Pressure transducer at or near wellhead 05. Lines properly staked, including bleed off and forced closure lines 06. All iron should be flexible 07. Check valve on each pump pretested before each job 08. Check for sufficient suction hose and evaluate velocity per hose 09. Check horsepower and plunger size of pumps on location 10. Check flow monitoring equipment before job 11. Adequate hose on suction and discharge side of blender
12. Estimate available fluid removeable from tank 13. Pressure test all iron at 100 psi above anticipated treatment pressure 14. All fuel tanks full 15. Flush all hoses and lines including to wellhead with clean water 16. Inspect wellhead & piping for any unsuitable low pressure connections 17. Check/Relief Valve installed properly on Annulus
CapacityDead Volume
(bottom)Tank Gaugebefore job
Tank gauge atend of job
Fluid volumePumped
Rated HHP ofpump
Plunger Diameter Stroke Capacity, bpmHHP requiredfor fract job
04.
05.
Notes
Hydraulic Horsepower = psi x bbl/min x .02456
1
2
3
4
Maximum RPM
0
07.
08.
09.
Pump #
Fracturing Check List #1 - Rig Up
Tank #
01.
02.
5- 4" hoses on suction req'd, 1per 5 bpm
3 - 4" hoses on discharge req'd.
03.
Available Fluid
On Site Test Pressure
10.
06.
Pump #
2
3
4
1
TEKNIK PRODUKSI NO : TP.05.05
JUDUL : STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE
SUB JUDUL : Perawatan Sumur dan Kerja-Ulang Khusus Pengasaman, Fracturing dan Perforasi
Halaman : 5 / 16 Revisi/Thn : 2 / Juli 2003
Manajemen Produksi Hulu
Location :
Date :
Item Check
Equipment Needed on Job Site 01 Workover program 02 Treatment program 03 Well logs with collars and perforatons indicated 04 Steel tank gauge tape 05 Engineer's handbook and calculator 06 Service Company reference tables 07 Containers for samples and felt tip marking pens
have 100 500 ml or 1000 ml containers on hand 08 5 gal pail for forced closure flow back rate gauge 09 Quality control forms 10 Viscometer and hot water bath 11 Water test equipment
pH paper themometer iron test kit phosphate test kit total dissolved solids tester reducing agent tester chloride test kit
The Day Before the Job
01 Sufficient tank capacity for entire job? Volume Required _____ bbl 02 Tanks clean? 03 Water potasium chloride and sodium chloride content OK? 04 Tanks full? 05 Water Clean? - take dipper sample from each tank 06 No leaking valves on tanks? 07 Pre-gel quality control of frac fluid conducted? 08 Fill out quality control tables 1,2,3,4,5 09 Sand bins full? 10 Correct sand type? 11 Check sand for fines 12 Review sand and fluid schedules with service company supervisor 13 Additives on location? 14 Densitometer on location and functioning? 15 Review rig up check list 16 Arrange for testing of gelled fluids 17 Arrange for receipt of tables 1,3,6,7,8,9,10 2 hours before pump time 18 Establish maximum treating pressure _____ psi 19 Calculate expected surface treating pressure _____ psi
Fracturing Check List #2 - Supervision
TEKNIK PRODUKSI NO : TP.05.05
JUDUL : STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE
SUB JUDUL : Perawatan Sumur dan Kerja-Ulang Khusus Pengasaman, Fracturing dan Perforasi
Halaman : 6 / 16 Revisi/Thn : 2 / Juli 2003
Manajemen Produksi Hulu
Location :
Date :
Item Check
01 Review sand and fluid schedules with service company supervisor 02 Review Rig Up check list and Day Before the Job check list 03 Receive and discuss Quality Control Tables 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 04 Volumes will be recorded as clean _______ or dirty (includes sand) _______?
dirty volume bbl = clean volume bbl + (lb. sand x .00109) 05 Finalize pumping schedule on Table 8. 06 Gauge all tanks after mixing gel and rolling tanks. Use Table 4 07 Tank numbers organized in the order that they will be drained? 08 Review with service company supervisor and treater consequences
of losing suction on blender
09 Gauge sand volume in bins. Use Table 5 10 Fill in Table 8 11 Fill in Table 6 12 Fill in Table 9 13 Fill in Table 1 for each tank of gelled fluid 14 List which additives will be added on the fly:
a. BF-7L b. XLW-56 c. GBW-12 d.
15 All tanks premixed with necessary additives? 16 For crosslinked gel, sample each tank and add crosslinker to check for cross linking 17 Fire fighting equipment on location 18 Pump during daylight hours only. 19 Check Casing PSV properly installed and valves properly positioned 20 Hold pre job safety meeting in a quiet location where everone can hear.
Designate safe gathering area. Take head count of all personnel on site. Wear hearing and eye protection, hard hats, safety shoes.
Post Job Review and Summary
Plan Actual Plan Actual Plan Actual
01 Fluid Volume, bbl
02 Sand, lb
03 Additives used:
a. X-Cide 102 (gal)
b. KCl (lbs)
c. GW-27 (lbs)
d. BF-3 (lbs)
e. NE-18 (gal)
f. BF-7L (gal)
g. XLW-56 (gal)
h. GBW-12 (gal)
i.
j.
Step Rate Test Mini Frac Main Frac
Fracturing Check List #3 - Just Before the Job
TEKNIK PRODUKSI NO : TP.05.05
JUDUL : STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE
SUB JUDUL : Perawatan Sumur dan Kerja-Ulang Khusus Pengasaman, Fracturing dan Perforasi
Halaman : 7 / 16 Revisi/Thn : 2 / Juli 2003
Manajemen Produksi Hulu
TankNumber
Type FluidFluidTemp.(deg F)
pHChlorides
(ppm)Clean?
Iron(ppm)
Sulfate TDS (ppm)Reducing
Agent(+ or -)
Acceptable Levels
pH 6 - 8 Chlorides < 20,000 Bacteria nil
Temp 60 - 90 Iron < 20 ppm TDS < 50,000
Clean Yes Reducing Agent Negative
TankNumber
pHChlorides
(ppm)Viscosity
Base Gel ( Linear Gel ) Analysis - Table 2
Step Rate Test
Main Fract
Type Fluid Fluid Temp. (deg F)
Base Fluid Water Analysis - Table 1
Step Rate Test
Mini Fract
Crosslink Time (min)
Main Fract
Mini Fract
TEKNIK PRODUKSI NO : TP.05.05
JUDUL : STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE
SUB JUDUL : Perawatan Sumur dan Kerja-Ulang Khusus Pengasaman, Fracturing dan Perforasi
Halaman : 8 / 16 Revisi/Thn : 2 / Juli 2003
Manajemen Produksi Hulu
TEKNIK PRODUKSI NO : TP.05.05
JUDUL : STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE
SUB JUDUL : Perawatan Sumur dan Kerja-Ulang Khusus Pengasaman, Fracturing dan Perforasi
Halaman : 9 / 16 Revisi/Thn : 2 / Juli 2003
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PercentOn
PercentOn
PercentOn
PercentOn
PercentOn
PercentOn
PercentOn
* The amount that can be pumped out of tanks will vary. You normally will leave 30 - 50 Bbls
0Total
Frac Tank Tracking Chart - Table 4
Step Rate Test and Mini Frac
Tank No.
Main Frac
Total
Gauged Volume in Tank(Bbls)
Pumpable Volume* inTank (Bbls)
Volume on Location After Treatment(Bbls)
Tank No.Gauged Volume in Tank
(Bbls)Pumpable Volume* in
Tank (Bbls)Volume on Location After Treatment
(Bbls)
Step Rate Test
Mini Fract
35
Compartment No.
Proppant Type
Sieves Size
8
16
20
25
30
14
Proppant Sieve Analysis - Table 3
140
Pan
60
80
100
120
40
10
12
TEKNIK PRODUKSI NO : TP.05.05
JUDUL : STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE
SUB JUDUL : Perawatan Sumur dan Kerja-Ulang Khusus Pengasaman, Fracturing dan Perforasi
Halaman : 10 / 16 Revisi/Thn : 2 / Juli 2003
Manajemen Produksi Hulu
Total Volume: Buffer On site (BF-7L) : bbls
Cross-linker On Site (XLW-56) : bbls Breaker On Site (GBW-12) : bbls
Cross-linker Addition Rate : Breaker Addition Rate :
XLW - 56(gals)
GBW - 12(gals)
BF - 7L (gals)XLW - 56
(gals)GBW - 12
(gals)BF - 7L (gals)
Mini Frac
Main Frac
Stg #
Total Cross -linker Used :
Mini MainTotal BreakerUsed :
Mini Main
Buffer Used :
Volume RemainingStage
Stage Volume(gals)
Compartment No.
01
02
Volume Used
Total Proppant Used :
Type ProppantGauged Quantity InCompartment (lbs)
0
Proppant Remaining AfterTreatment (lbs)
Proppant Tracking Chart - Table 5
Cross-linker and Breaker Tracking Chart - Table 6
0
TEKNIK PRODUKSI NO : TP.05.05
JUDUL : STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE
SUB JUDUL : Perawatan Sumur dan Kerja-Ulang Khusus Pengasaman, Fracturing dan Perforasi
Halaman : 11 / 16 Revisi/Thn : 2 / Juli 2003
Manajemen Produksi Hulu
Type of Fracturing Fluid : Type of Proppant :
Amount of Fracturing Mini Main Amount of Proppant Mini Main
Fluid on Location
Beginning of Job : Beginning of Job :
End of Job : End of Job :
Type of Prepad & Flush Pre-Job Time: Mini Main
Safety Meeting
Amount of Prepad and Flush on Location Remarks : Mini Main
Beginning of Job :
End of Job :
Products Added on the Fly: Products Batch Mixed:
Job Recap: Mini Main Job Recap Mini Main
Average Rate, BPM ISIP psi
Average Pressure,psi Frac Gradient, psi/ft
Maximum Rate, psi Total Proppant pumped, lbs
Maximum Pressure, psi Total Fluid to Recover, bbls
Remarks:
Mini
Main
Job Started :
Job Completed :
Treatment Information
Job Summary - Table 7
TEKNIK PRODUKSI NO : TP.05.05
JUDUL : STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE
SUB JUDUL : Perawatan Sumur dan Kerja-Ulang Khusus Pengasaman, Fracturing dan Perforasi
Halaman : 12 / 16 Revisi/Thn : 2 / Juli 2003
Manajemen Produksi Hulu
Cross-linked
FluidVolumes
SandVolumes
Mini
Main
Stg #
Salts Added: type: Amount / 1000gal
Base Gel: type: Amount / 1000gal
Cross - linker : type: Amount / 1000gal
Bactericide : type: Amount / 1000gal
Surfactant : type: Amount / 1000gal
Buffer : type: Amount / 1000gal
Breaker : type: Amount / 1000gal
Fluid Loss : type: Amount / 1000gal
Salts Added: Type Amount / 1000gal
Base Gel: Type Amount / 1000gal
Cross - linker : Type Amount / 1000gal
Bactericide : Type Amount / 1000gal
Surfactant : Type Amount / 1000gal
Buffer : Type Amount / 1000gal
Breaker : Type Amount / 1000gal
Fluid Loss : Type Amount / 1000gal
Type
Salts
Base Gel
Biocide
Surfactant
Buffer 1
Buffer 2
Amount Pre-job
Fluid Type :
Base Fluid :
Amount Post-job
Proposed Pumping Schedule - Table 8
Frac Fluid Components - Table 9
During Treatment ChecksStage Type Fluid
Clean StageVolume
Dirty StageVolume
ProppantConcentrati
on (ppg)
ProppantStage
Volume(lbs)
ProppantRemaining
(lbs)
Fluid Type :
Base Fluid :
TEKNIK PRODUKSI NO : TP.05.05
JUDUL : STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE
SUB JUDUL : Perawatan Sumur dan Kerja-Ulang Khusus Pengasaman, Fracturing dan Perforasi
Halaman : 13 / 16 Revisi/Thn : 2 / Juli 2003
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Frac Via Tubing Casing Annulus Lower Upper
Casing Volume to perf:Lower Upper
Total Flush Volume:
Casing Size & Weight : Lower Upper
Size: inch Weight: ppf Perforations:
Lower Upper Lower Upper Lower Upper
SITP SICP ISIP
Tested Frac Lines To : psi Pressured Tubing-Casing Annulus To: psi
Time Fluid TypeClean Volume
(bbl)Dirty Volume
(bbl)Rate (BPM)
Casing Pres.(psi)
Sand Conc.(ppg)
Fracture Treatment Summary Sheet - Table 10
Remarks
TEKNIK PRODUKSI NO : TP.05.05
JUDUL : STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE
SUB JUDUL : Perawatan Sumur dan Kerja-Ulang Khusus Pengasaman, Fracturing dan Perforasi
Halaman : 14 / 16 Revisi/Thn : 2 / Juli 2003
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Test No. : Test No. : Test No. :
Fluid Type : Fluid Type : Fluid Type :
Temperature : Temperature : Temperature :
Bob Size : Bob Size : Bob Size :
RPM : RPM : RPM :
Time(mins)
Dial Reading App. Vis.Time
(mins)Dial Reading App. Vis.
Time(mins)
DialReading
App. Vis.
Test No. : Test No. : Test No. :
Fluid Type : Fluid Type : Fluid Type :
Temperature : Temperature : Temperature :
Bob Size : Bob Size : Bob Size :
RPM : RPM : RPM :
Time(mins)
Dial Reading App. Vis.Time
(mins)Dial Reading App. Vis.
Time(mins)
DialReading
App. Vis.
Breaker Loading Tests - Table 11
TEKNIK PRODUKSI NO : TP.05.05
JUDUL : STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE
SUB JUDUL : Perawatan Sumur dan Kerja-Ulang Khusus Pengasaman, Fracturing dan Perforasi
Halaman : 15 / 16 Revisi/Thn : 2 / Juli 2003
Manajemen Produksi Hulu
Frac Equipment Data
Size BrandRecommend
Min. WallThickness
Lowest WallThickness
Avg. WallThickness
OperatingPressure Test Pressure Test Date
BJ Equipment
Surface EquipmentTreatment line:
Straight joint - 12 ft 3" SPM 0.220 0.264 0.297 15,000 22,500 2001Straight joint - 10 ft 3" SPM 0.220 0.304 0.514 15,000 22,500 2001Straight joint - 8 ft 3" SPM 0.220 0.320 0.332 15,000 22,500 2001Straight joint - 6 ft 3" SPM 0.220 0.372 0.387 15,000 22,500 2001Pup joint 3" SPM 0.220 0.326 0.428 15,000 22,500 2001
Pressure relief valves: 3" x 3" BJ 15,000 22,500 20013" x 2" SPM 15,000 22,500 2001
Manifolds:Check valves: 3" SPM 0.330 0.922 1.052 15,000 22,500 2001Y lateral 3" SPM 0.360 0.655 1.280 15,000 22,500 2001Double wing chiksan - 3 way 3" SPM 0.330 0.562 0.626 15,000 22,500 2001Single wing chiksan - 3 way 3" SPM 0.330 0.544 0.644 15,000 22,500 2001Single wing chiksan - 2 way 3" SPM 0.330 0.499 0.649 15,000 22,500 2001Hummer valve (fullbore) 3" SPM 15,000 22,500Hummer valve (fullbore) 2" SPM 15,000 22,500
Densitometers 3" TEXAS 15,000 22,500Master valve (plug type): 3" SPM 15,000 22,500
Downhole Tools:Packers:
CST 4-1/2" Wheaterford 10,000CST 7" Wheaterford 10,000
RBPPSTG2 4-1/2" Wheaterford 10,000PSTG2 7" Wheaterford 10,000
JOB Equipment
Size Brand OperatingPressure Test Pressure
Surface EquipmentWireline/ Slick line equipment:
Stuffing box 3" Otis 10,000 15,000Lubricators: 3" Otis 5,000 10,000
2-1/2" Otis 5,000 10,000Slick Line BOP: 3" Otis 5,000 10,000
Master valve:Gate valve 3" 5M: 3" Baker 5,000 10,000Adapter Flanges, 3-1/16" x 11" x 3M: R-31/ R-45 3,000Union Couplings, EU: 3-1/2" 6,980 6,980Pipe Nipple (J-55, 9.5 ppf, EU): 3-1/2" 6,980 6,980
Tubulars:Frac tubing, 9.3 ppf, J55, EUE: 3-1/2" 6,980 6,980Casing:
K55, API standard 4-1/2" - 11.6# 5,350 5,350K55, API standard 4-1/2" - 13.5# 9,020 9,020K55, API standard 4-3/4" - 16.0# N/A N/AK55, API standard 6-5/8" - 20# 4,180 4,180K55, API standard 7" - 20# 4,360 4,360K55, API standard 7" - 23# 4,980 4,980
Packer:CST 7" - 17 - 23# 10,000HD 4-1/2" 9 - 13# 7,000
6-5/8" 17 - 23# 10,0007" - 17 - 23# 10,000
RBP: 4-1/2" 9 - 13# 7,0006-5/8" 17 - 23# 10,0007" - 17 - 23# 10,000
Equipment
TEKNIK PRODUKSI NO : TP.05.05
JUDUL : STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE
SUB JUDUL : Perawatan Sumur dan Kerja-Ulang Khusus Pengasaman, Fracturing dan Perforasi
Halaman : 16 / 16 Revisi/Thn : 2 / Juli 2003
Manajemen Produksi Hulu
Frac Layout
Remarks:1 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 1 : Tank
2 : Blender Engine & Panel3 : Liquid Additive System4 : Mixing Tube5 : Sand Auger6 : Sand Silo7 : Pump8 : Ground Pit9 : Check Valve
2 3 4 5 6 10 : Frac Van2" Bleed off Line 11 : Main Treating Line
12 : Master Valve13 : Relief Valve14 : Radioactive Densitometer15 : Pressure Transducer
7 7 16 : Flexible Hose 9 9 17 : Bleed Off Valve
7 7 9 9
15
14 13 12 10
15
11
Well
16
1616
16
16
17