What is PhpMyAdmin?
PhpMyAdmin is one of the most popular applications for MySQL
databases management. It is a free tool written in PHP. Through
this software you can create, alter, drop, delete, import and export
MySQL database tables. You can run MySQL queries, optimize,
repair and check tables, change collation and execute other
database management commands.
PhpMyAdmin Features
The main PhpMyAdmin features are as follows:
User-friendly web interface;
Support for most MySQL functions like browse, drop, create, copy and alter databases, tables,
views, fields and indexes, execute MySQL queries, manage stored procedures and functions;
Import data from CSV and SQL files;
Export data to various formats: CSV, SQL, XML, PDF, ISO/IEC 26300 - OpenDocument Text and
Spreadsheet, Word, Excel, LATEX and others;
Searching globally in a database or a subset of it;
And much more.
The full list of the PhpMyAdmin features can be found in the official web site.
How to install PhpMyAdmin ?
by Xampp Application the PhpMyAdmin installation .
Or you can install PhpMyAdmin from website and add it into
your server as Apache server .
PhpMyAdmin administration
In the following pages of our PhpMyAdmin Tutorial we
will describe the functionality of the software,
integrated in your server.
Once you enter your PhpMyAdmin application, you will
see different areas.
PhpMyAdmin administration
In the upper part you will find the server hostname. The
databases which you will manage are stored on the same server
as the software and the hostname is: localhost.
Under it there is information regarding the MySQL server, the
MySQL client and the PhpMyAdmin version.
Next, you will see the MySQL charset and you will be able to
define the MySQL connection collation.
In the right column you can change the default language, alter the
style, customize the theme color and the font size. Also there you
will notice links to PhpMyAdmin resources.
PhpMyAdmin administration
The main PhpMyAdmin areas are as follows:
1) Databases
2) Status
3) Variables
4) Processes
5) Charsets
6) Engines
7) Export
8) Import
Databases area
In the Databases tab you will find a list with all the
databases which can be managed through the localhost
server .
Once you click on a chosen database, you can start its
management.
Status area
You can open the Status tab by clicking on the Show MySQL
runtime information link. There you will find detailed
information regarding the MySQL server since the last restart.
You will see the traffic handled by the MySQL server, the
maximum number of simultaneous connections, the total
number of connections, the failed and the aborted attempts,
the total number of queries sent to the server and more
related details.
Variables area
The Variables tab will be opened after clicking on the Show
MySQL system variables link.
You will see a list with the MySQL server system variables
and their values.
Processes area
By clicking on the Processes link you will see all the
processes running by your localhost server.
Charsets area
The Character Sets and Collations link leads to
the Charset area. There you will find all the charsets and
collations supported by the MySQL server.
Engines area
The Storage Engines link opens a list with all the engines
supported by the MySQL server. The default one is MyISAM.
Another popular storage engine, used by many databases is
InnoDB. More about the MySQL storage engines can be
found in the official documentation.
Export area
In the Export section you can export your database tables
content in different formats (CSV, SQL, PDF, Microsoft Excel,
Microsoft Word, XML, and many more). You can select all the
database tables or just pick some of them.
Export area
You can add custom comments in the header of the
exported content. You can decide whether to export
just the database structure, the data or both of them.
You can export the database tables in a file and
compress it or you can visualize the queries directly on
the screen.
Import area
In the Import section you can import your database tables from a
file, saved on your local computer.
You should browse for the file and pick its character set from the
drop-down menu.
If the file is too big, the MySQL server timeout can be reached. In
such a case you can interrupt the import action. Then you can
continue with the data import defining the number of the queries to
be skipped from the file beginning. In this way you will skip the
imported queries and continue from the point of the interruption.
Additionally you can pick the SQL server mode of the imported file.
You can find more details in the Server SQL Modesdocumentation.
Manage MySQL database tables with PhpMyAdmin ?
The main functionality of the PhpMyAdmin tool is to manage
your databases.
Click on the Databases link. Pick the preferred database
which you want to manage and click on its name.
Manage MySQL database tables with PhpMyAdmin ?
In the new screen you will see a list with the database
tables, the allowed actions with them, the number of the
records, the storage engine, the collation, the tables' sizes
and the overhead.
Manage MySQL database tables with PhpMyAdmin ?
The possible actions which you can perform to a
chosen table are:
1. Browse
2. Structure
3. Search
4. Insert
5. Empty
6. Drop
Browse Database Tables
Only the tables with existing records can be browsed.
Once you click on the Browse icon a new window with
the records list will be opened.
Browse Database Tables
By clicking on the Pen icon you can edit the chosen
record.
You will see the record structure and you can alter the
values of the records.
Structure Database Tables
The next option is named Structure. In
the Structure screen you will see the database's
table structure.
Structure Database Tables
You will see the fields' names, their types, collations, attributes, additional
extra information, the default values and whether the fields' values can be
NULL. You can browse for distinct values by clicking on the corresponding
action icon. Also, you can edit a field's structure or delete a field. You can
define different indexes: Primary, Unique, Index and Full text. More about
the indexes can be found in the MySQL Indexes documentation.
In the Indexes area you will find the indexes assigned for the table and
the fields for which they are set. You can edit and delete them.
Additionally, in the same screen you can check the Space Usage and
the Row Statistics.
Search Database Tables
Through the Search action you can generate a search
query for the chosen table.
Search Database Tables
You can either write the WHERE clause or you can use the
"query by example" functionality. You should click on
the Gobutton to execute the query.
For example, if you want to visualize all the records with a
field value that starts with a you should select the fields
which you want to show. Pick the LIKE operator from the
drop-down menu and enter in the corresponding field
value a% (% stands for a wildcard string). Click on
the Go button to see the result.
Insert into Database Tables
Using the Insert action you can insert records in your
database table.
Once you fill in the corresponding values click on
the Go button and the new record will be inserted.
Empty Database Tables
The Empty action allows you to empty your database
table, removing the data and keeping the empty table.
Drop Database Tables
Through the Drop action you can delete the whole
table and all the records stored in it.
Add MySQL Database Tables
Navigate to your PhpMyAdmin tool and open the
newly create database. It is empty and there are no
tables.
Enter the table name and the number of fields. Click
on the Go button to create the table.
Add MySQL Database Tables
On the next screen you should enter the fields' names and
the corresponding properties. The properties are:
Type
Here you should pick the type of the data, which will be stored in
the corresponding field. More details about the possible choices
can be found in the official MySQL Data Types documentation.
Length/Values
Here you should enter the length of the field. If the field type is
"enum" or "set", enter the values using the following format:
'a','b','c'...
Add MySQL Database Tables
Collation
Pick the data collation for each of the fields.
Attributes
The possible attributes' choices are:
BINARY - the collation for the field will be binary, for example
utf8_bin;
UNSIGNED - the field numeric values will be positive or 0;
UNSIGNED ZEROFILL - the field numeric values will be positive or
0 and leading zeros will be added to a number;
ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP - the value for a data type field
has the current timestamp as its default value, and is
automatically updated;
Add MySQL Database Tables
Null
Here you define whether the field value can be NULL. More about the NULL value can
be found in the corresponding MySQL documentation.
Default
This property allows you to set the default value for the field.
Extra
In the Extra property you can define whether the field value is auto-increment.
The radio buttons that come below define whether there is an Index defined for the
particular field and specify the Indextype.
Comments
Here you can add comments, which will be included in the database sql code.
At the end you can include Table comments and pick the MySQL Storage
Engine and the Collation. Once you are ready, click on the Save button.
Add MySQL Database Tables
If you want to add more fields you should specify their number and
click on the Go button instead of Save.
The database table will be created and you will see the
corresponding MySQL query.
Now we will proceed with the populating of the table with data.
Add Content in a Database Table
In order to add records in a database table click on the Insert tab.
Enter the data in the corresponding fields and click on the Go button to store
it.
At the bottom of the page you will see a drop-down menu labelled Restart
insertion with x rows . There you can pick the number of the rows that you
can populate with data and insert at once. By default the value is 2.
The Ignore check box will allow you to ignore the data entered below it. It will
not be added.
Add Content in a Database Table
You can see the newly inserted record by clicking on
the Browse tab.
You can edit or delete the record by clicking on the corresponding
icons.
To insert more records, return to the Insert tab and repeat the
procedure.
Backup a Database
Once you are ready, you can create a backup of your
database through the Export tab.
Select the tables which you want to be exported.
Leave the radio button selection to the SQL option.
The Structure and the Data check boxes should remain
checked.
Select the Save as file check box and then click on
the Go button.
In this way you will save the dump SQL file with your
database structure and content on your local computer.
Restore a Database Backup
You can restore your database backup from the Import tab.
lick on the Browse button to select your database backup
file from your local computer.
Pick the charset of the file from the corresponding drop-down
menu.
If the file is too big, the MySQL server timeout can be
reached. In such a case you can interrupt the import action.
Then you can continue with the data import defining the
number of the queries to be skipped from the file beginning.
In this way you will skip the imported queries and continue
from the point of the interruption.
Run MySQL Query
The one for advanced users is through the SQL tab. There
you should enter the entire SQL query code and click on
the Gobutton to execute it.
Run MySQL Query
There you can define different search conditions, sort the results and
query multiple tables.
You should select the tables used in the query from the Use
Tables list.
The fields which will be included in the SELECT MySQL statement
should be picked from the Field drop-down menus. TheShow check
box should be selected.
In the Criteria text field you should enter the criteria according to
which the search will be completed.
Through the Sort drop-down menu you can visualize the result
sorted in an ascending or a descending order.
The text window located below allows you do add extra search
conditions.
Run MySQL Query
Additionally, you can use the Ins and the Del check boxes to add or delete
text rows for search conditions. The same can be performed through
the Add/Delete Criteria Row drop-down menu. To add or delete columns
use the corresponding Insand Del check boxes or the Add/Delete Field
Columns drop-down menu.
In the Modify section you can define the relations between the fields
(whether they are connected through the AND or theOR logical operators).
You need to click on the Update Query button to complete the modifications.
To run the query click on the Submit Query button.
The query which we have included in our example is:
SELECT `AT_admins` . * FROM AT_admins WHERE (`AT_admins`.`login` LIKE
"a%");
It shows all the records from the AT_admins table for which the login field
starts with "a".
MySQL
With PHP, you can connect to and manipulate databases.
MySQL is the most popular database system used with PHP.
PHP combined with MySQL are cross-platform (you can
develop in Windows and serve on a Unix platform)
What is MySQL?
MySQL is a database system used on the web
MySQL is a database system that runs on a server
MySQL is ideal for both small and large applications
MySQL is very fast, reliable, and easy to use
MySQL supports standard SQL
MySQL compiles on a number of platforms
MySQL is free to download and use
MySQL is developed, distributed, and supported by Oracle
Corporation
MySQL is named after co-founder Monty Widenius's daughter: My
What is MySQL?
The data in MySQL is stored in tables. A table is a collection of
related data, and it consists of columns and rows.
Databases are useful when storing information categorically. A
company may have a database with the following tables:
• Employees
• Products
• Customers
• Orders
Queries
A query is a question or a request.
We can query a database for specific information and have a
recordset returned.
Look at the following query (using standard SQL):
The query above selects all the data in the "LastName" column from the "Employees" table.
SELECT LastName FROM Employees
PHP Connect to the MySQL Server
Three steps to connect to the MySql
server :
• Open a Connection to the MySQL Server
• manipulation in MySql server
• Close a Connection
Open a Connection to the MySQL Server
Before we can access data in a database, we must
open a connection to the MySQL server.
mysqli_connect(host,username,password,dbname);
Parameter Description
host Optional. Either a host name or an IP address
username Optional. The MySQL user name
password Optional. The password to log in with
dbname Optional. The default database to be used when performing queries
Open a Connection to the MySQL Server
<?php
// Create connection
$con=mysqli_connect(“localhost",“root","23","my_db");
// Check connection
if (mysqli_connect_errno($con))
{
echo "Failed to connect to MySQL: " . mysqli_connect_error();
}
?>
Close a Connection
The connection will be closed automatically when the
script ends. To close the connection before, use the
mysqli_close() function:
mysqli_close(connection_name)
Close a Connection
<?php
$con=mysqli_connect("example.com","peter","abc123","my_d
b");
// Check connection
if (mysqli_connect_errno($con))
{
echo "Failed to connect to MySQL: " . mysqli_connect_error();
}
mysqli_close($con);
?>
Create a Database
The CREATE DATABASE statement is used to create a
database table in MySQL.
We must add the CREATE DATABASE statement to the
mysqli_query() function to execute the command.
The following example creates a database named
"my_db":
Create a Database
<?php
$con=mysqli_connect("example.com","peter","abc123");
// Check connection
if (mysqli_connect_errno())
{
echo "Failed to connect to MySQL: " . mysqli_connect_error();
}
// Create database
$sql="CREATE DATABASE my_db";
if (mysqli_query($con,$sql))
{
echo "Database my_db created successfully";
}
else
{
echo "Error creating database: " . mysqli_error();
}
?>
Create a Table
The CREATE TABLE statement is used to create a table
in MySQL.
We must add the CREATE TABLE statement to the
mysqli_query() function to execute the command.
The following example creates a table named
"Persons", with three columns. The column names will
be "Firstname", "Lastname" and "Age":
Create a Table
<?php$con=mysqli_connect("example.com","peter","abc123","my_db");// Check connectionif (mysqli_connect_errno()) { echo "Failed to connect to MySQL: " . mysqli_connect_error(); }
// Create table$sql="CREATE TABLE persons(Firstname CHAR(30),Lastname CHAR(30),Age INT)";
// Execute queryif (mysqli_query($con,$sql)) { echo "Table persons created successfully"; }else { echo "Error creating table: " . mysqli_error(); }?>
Primary Keys and Auto Increment Fields
ach table in a database should have a primary key field.
A primary key is used to uniquely identify the rows in a
table. Each primary key value must be unique within the
table. Furthermore, the primary key field cannot be null
because the database engine requires a value to locate the
record.
The following example sets the PID field as the primary key
field. The primary key field is often an ID number, and is
often used with the AUTO_INCREMENT setting.
AUTO_INCREMENT automatically increases the value of the
field by 1 each time a new record is added. To ensure that
the primary key field cannot be null, we must add the NOT
NULL setting to the field:
Primary Keys and Auto Increment Fields
$sql = "CREATE TABLE Persons (PID INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, PRIMARY KEY(PID),Firstname CHAR(15),Lastname CHAR(15),Age INT)";
Insert Data Into a Database Table
The INSERT INTO statement is used to add new
records to a database table.
Syntax
It is possible to write the INSERT INTO statement in
two forms.
Insert Data Into a Database Table
The first form doesn't specify the column names where
the data will be inserted, only their values:
The second form specifies both the column names and the values to be inserted:
INSERT INTO table_name VALUES (value1, value2, value3,...)
INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, column3,...)
VALUES (value1, value2, value3,...)
Insert Data Into a Database Table
<?php
$con=mysqli_connect("example.com","peter","abc123","my_db");
// Check connection
if (mysqli_connect_errno())
{
echo "Failed to connect to MySQL: " . mysqli_connect_error();
}
mysqli_query($con,"INSERT INTO Persons (FirstName, LastName, Age)
VALUES ('Peter', 'Griffin',35)");
mysqli_query($con,"INSERT INTO Persons (FirstName, LastName, Age)
VALUES ('Glenn', 'Quagmire',33)");
mysqli_close($con);
?>
Insert Data From a Form Into a Database
Now we will create an HTML form that can be used to add new records to the "Persons" table.
html><body>
<form action="insert.php" method="post">Firstname: <input type="text"
name="firstname">Lastname: <input type="text"
name="lastname">Age: <input type="text" name="age"><input type="submit"></form>
</body></html>
Insert Data From a Form Into a Database
When a user clicks the submit button in the HTML form
in the example above, the form data is sent to
"insert.php".
The "insert.php" file connects to a database, and
retrieves the values from the form with the PHP
$_POST variables.
Then, the mysqli_query() function executes the INSERT
INTO statement, and a new record will be added to the
"Persons" table.
Insert Data From a Form Into a Database
insert.php
<?php$con=mysqli_connect("example.com","peter","abc123","my_db");// Check connectionif (mysqli_connect_errno()) { echo "Failed to connect to MySQL: " . mysqli_connect_error(); }
$sql="INSERT INTO Persons (FirstName, LastName, Age)VALUES('$_POST[firstname]','$_POST[lastname]','$_POST[age]')";
if (!mysqli_query($con,$sql)) { die('Error: ' . mysqli_error()); }echo "1 record added";
mysqli_close($con);?>
Select Data From a Database Table
The SELECT statement is used to select data from a database.
$select_st = “select * from table_name ”;
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name
Execute the SQL statement
To get PHP to execute the statement above we must
use the mysqli_query() function. This function is used
to send a query or command to a MySQL connection.
recourse mysqli_query(connection_name, sql_statment)
Insert Data From a Form Into a Database
<?php$con=mysqli_connect("example.com","peter","abc123","my_db");// Check connectionif (mysqli_connect_errno()) { echo "Failed to connect to MySQL: " . mysqli_connect_error(); }
$result = mysqli_query($con,"SELECT * FROM Persons");
while($row = mysqli_fetch_array($result)) { echo $row['FirstName'] . " " . $row['LastName']; echo "<br />"; }
mysqli_close($con);?>
The WHERE clause
The SELECT statement is used to select data from a
database.
SELECT column_name(s)FROM table_name
WHERE column_name operator value
The WHERE clause
<?php
$con=mysqli_connect("example.com","peter","abc123","my_db");
// Check connection
if (mysqli_connect_errno())
{
echo "Failed to connect to MySQL: " . mysqli_connect_error();
}
$result = mysqli_query($con,"SELECT * FROM Persons
WHERE FirstName='Peter'");
while($row = mysqli_fetch_array($result))
{
echo $row['FirstName'] . " " . $row['LastName'];
echo "<br>";
}
?>
The ORDER BY Keyword
The ORDER BY keyword is used to sort the data in a
recordset.
The ORDER BY keyword sort the records in ascending
order by default.
If you want to sort the records in a descending order,
you can use the DESC keyword.
SELECT column_name(s)FROM table_name
ORDER BY column_name(s) ASC|DESC
The ORDER BY Keyword
<?php$con=mysqli_connect("example.com","peter","abc123","my_db");// Check connectionif (mysqli_connect_errno()) { echo "Failed to connect to MySQL: " . mysqli_connect_error(); }
$result = mysqli_query($con,"SELECT * FROM Persons ORDER BY age");
while($row = mysqli_fetch_array($result)) { echo $row['FirstName']; echo " " . $row['LastName']; echo " " . $row['Age']; echo "<br>"; }
mysqli_close($con);?>
The ORDER BY Keyword
It is also possible to order by more than one column.
When ordering by more than one column, the second
column is only used if the values in the first column
are equal:
Update Data In a Database
The UPDATE statement is used to update existing
records in a table.
Note: Notice the WHERE clause in the UPDATE syntax.
The WHERE clause specifies which record or records
that should be updated. If you omit the WHERE clause,
all records will be updated!
UPDATE table_name
SET column1=value, column2=value2,...
WHERE some_column=some_value
Update Data In a Database
<?php
$con=mysqli_connect("example.com","peter","abc123","my_db");
// Check connection
if (mysqli_connect_errno())
{
echo "Failed to connect to MySQL: " . mysqli_connect_error();
}
mysqli_query($con,"UPDATE Persons SET Age=36
WHERE FirstName='Peter' AND LastName='Griffin'");
mysqli_close($con);
?>
Delete Data In a Database
The DELETE FROM statement is used to delete records
from a database table.
Note: Notice the WHERE clause in the DELETE syntax.
The WHERE clause specifies which record or records
that should be deleted. If you omit the WHERE clause,
all records will be deleted!
DELETE FROM table_nameWHERE some_column = some_value