Sistem Infonnasi h g ~ - & un?&,Wayek angh tm kota dibuat untuk memberi
informsi tentang trayek aprglmtan bus bagi mzsyarakat yang ingin berpergian ke suaLil
tempat namun tidak meogetahrii Irayek bus besem nomw bus yang barus dim~bil; dan
dari terminal mma h m s naik bas tersebut imnkdr sampai !re iohsi tuiuan. Juga untak
rnernbantu Dims Berhbungan daIm memmuskan tray-ek bus. NLetcide penelitian p g
digum'kan adalah metode pengnmprila~l &-a ymg,% terdifi dari survei lapangan,
wawancara, besioner dan sUdi kepustakaan serh rnetode analisis. Hasil penelitian iili
menghasilkan idormasf bagi peng_rmlla bempa. tnyek bus dan cli m h s mengganti
bus. Deilgan adanya sis",em in i nmka pmgsq;ila tidak gerlu bettnya untuk lneilgetahui
trayek bus beserta nomcr bus >rang P9.m~ diambii untulc meccapai tempat tujuannya.
Kata Kunrci
Sistem Lnformasi k g r a f i , Trayek, Bus.
vii
r Djauharry Noor, Ir.> Msc., selaku dosen per~bimbing skripsi kami yang telah
banyak rnemberilcan rnesukan-msukan yang sangat bergunz &lzm proses
penyelesaian skripsi kami ini.
a Pare dosen Universitas Bina Nxsai~txa JaIcam ymg juga ikut inernberikan saran
dan ilrnlr yang bergunz dala~n mengerjakzn skipsi kami ini.
r Ir. Nuraciiman, CES., s e k Kepzlz Diuw Perhubungan Wiiayah DKI Jakarta
yang telah mernberikan izin kepda kami untuk rnernbuat skripsi d Dillas
Perhubungan.
5 Dk.Elini Er., MSG., sel2'rd Kepda Sub Dinas Pengembangan Sistem Dinas
PerhuSungan Dm Jakarta yzng telah 1nenjeki.slcul sistem di DisHub saat ink
r St& Dinas Peri~ubmga- pang nzembanr mengurnp~i!lcan data di lapangan
(sun&).
c Rekan-rekm yang membantu &lam 2engisian imesioner dan data yang
dibutiltikzn ut1tu1c rneuulljang slcripsi kami 5.
Orang tua lami yang ik~t n ~ e ~ h a a t u anmnberikan dukmgan bail< rnorii maupuil
materiil kepada I amj d z l m penyeiesa.ian shipsi kami ini.
r Semua orang yang i h t merobam dziz~n pecyelesaian skripsi ini yang tidak
dapat diseb~tkan satu-sam.
Akhir katr; karni Imarapk-an skipi bami ini dapat digunakan sebaik-baiknya dan
berguila bagi para pembacz selcalian yang m.enlerlukamzya
Jakarta, 17 Januari 2006
BAB 2 M B A S A N TEOM
2. i Sistem Enfomasi Gegrafi 7
2.1.1 Pengertian Sistem 7
2.1.1.1 Elemen-Eiemen SSistem 9
2.1.2 Pengertian Infomasi 12
2.1.2.1 Karakteristk Info~uiasi ........... ........................ 13
2.1.2.2 Jenis-Jenis Informasi ....... ........ ........ .. ...... .. .. .. .. 13
2.1.3 Pengertian Sistem I~iformasi 14
2.1.3.1 Tu-iuan Sistem I~Tfomasi ..... ........ .......... ...... .. .. 15
2.1.3.2 Komponen-IComponen Sisteln Infoimasi ....... 15
2.1.4 Pengertian Cneografi 18
2.1.5 Pengertian Sistern Informasi Geogmf? .............................. 19
2.1.6 KomponeoKompanen ShG ......... ........ .......................... .. . 21
2.1.7 Pernetam 26
2. P .7.1 Pengehian Peia 26
2.1.7.2 Jenis-Jellis Peta 27
2. I .8 Format Penyajian Data Peta 28
2.1.8.1 Penyajiat Data GeograFi ......... . . .. ..... . .. .. ... . .. .. .. 29
2.1.9 h i i s i s Data pada SIG ............................................... 30
2.1.9.1 Pengukurai~ dalam SIG - Pznjmg, KeliEng
Dan Area .... :... ............ ........................ . . . . . . 32
2.1.9.2 Queries . . . ... . .. .... . . .. .... .. .. .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
2.1.9.3 Reklasifrkasi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
2.1.9.4 Buffering danNeighbourhocd Functioils ... .. . 37
......... 2.1 9.5 Mengintiegrasikan Data- Map Overlay 41
2.1.9.6 Intergolasi Spasid ................................. 50
2.1.9.7 Andisis Permulaan ............................... 53
................................. 2.1.9.8 Analisis Visibilitj~ 54
2.1.9.9 Analisis Saringan .................................. 55
2.1.9.10 Analisis Spasial Kuanlitatif ...................... 57
2.1.9.1 1 Kernampam yang Dirn i l i SIG ................ 57
2.1.9.12 Perbedam Peta Tradisional dengan
Peta SIC3 58
2.1.10 Data .................................................................................. 59
2.1.10.1 Pengertian Data .......................................... 60
2.1.10.2 his-Jenis Data ............................................. 60
.............................. . 2.1. II 1 Bengerlian Database 61
2.1.11.3 Pengeflian Field .................................. 62
2.1.11.4 Pergertian Record ................................ 62
2.1.11.5 Pengeltian PriPnary Key ......................... 62
2.1.11.6 Pengertian Foreign Key .......................... 63
2.1.1 1.7 Enla'Q Relationship ............................... 63
2.1.1 1.8 ~nfit;)i ~elati&m.hip Diagram (Em) ........... 64
2.1.12 Data Flow Dingant ............................................ 65
2.1.13 State Tmsitiorz Diagram (STD) ............................. 68
2.2 Teori-Tmri Khsus ..................................................... 68
.......................................... 2.2.1 h g h t a n &n Trayek 68
2.2.1.1 Macam-inacarn Angkutan ....................... 69
2.2.1.2 Bengertian Jaiingan Trayek ..................... 70
2.2.1.3 Pengertian Trayek Angku:an Umum ........... 70
2.2.2 Pengertian Jariilgan JzIan ..................................... 70
................................ 2.2.3 Pengertian Kendarzan Umum 72
2.2.4 Fengertian Volume Laiu Lintas .............................. 72
2.3 Terminal dan Bus ....................................................... 72
2.3.1 Pengertian Terminal ........................................... 72
.................................................. 2.3.2 Jenis-Jenis Bus 73
....................................................................... 2.4 Pengertian UverIn)? 74
BAB 3 A N L I S E SESTEM YAXG BERJALAX
3.1 Gin~bzra~z Umum Dinas Peih~bu- ......................................... 75
........................... 3.1.2 Tugas dan Fungsi Dinas Perhubwigan 76
3.1.4 Stn~lctur Qganisasi Dims Perhubungan ........................ 78 . 3 . P . 5 Tugas daii Wewenang .................................................... 79
3.2 Gmbaran Umum Sistenl ...................................... .. ............... 8 i
3.3 IdentiSkasi Masalah 83
3.3.1 Permasalahan yang Dihadapi ......................................... 83
3.3.2 Altemtif Pemecalm Maszlal~ ....................................... 87
............................................ 4.1 Usulan Prssedur yang B2.w 89
4.2 Diagram Aliran Data .................................................... 90
4.3 Perancaizgan Basis Data ............................................... 92
4.3.1 Kamus Bat 92
4.3.2 Spesifikasi Tabel 93
...................... 4.3.2.1 Database !.%Pay& DKI Jakarta 93
................ 4.3.2.2 Database Gedung (Lokasi Penting) 93
4.3.2.3 Database Idan 4
4.3.2.4 Dafabase Rule .............................................. 94
4.3.2.5 Dat~bcrse Bus Besx ........................................ 95
4.3.3 Diagram Hubungan Elltitas @RD) ........................ 96
4.4 Perancangan Siaem ...................................................................... 97
4.4.1 Pe!-ancangan Menu 97
4.4.2 Stale Trmnition Diagram (STD) ................................... 130 % .
4.4.2.1 ST5 Menu Utama (Main .44 e m ) ..................... 100
4.4.2.2 STD Proses Qarery Manager ...................... I02
4.4.2.3 STD Proses IdentiEkasi (Idezlifi) .............. 103
4.4.2.4 STDProsesPan ................................... 133
4.4.2.5 STQ Proses Select Zoom ......................... I04
.............................. 4.4.2.6 STD Proses Zoom in 104
xiv
............................ 4.4.2.7 SID Proses Zaonz Ozit 105
4.4.2.8 STDProsesAdiiLqer ............................ 105
......................... 4.4.2.9 STD Proses Map Legend 106
4.4.2.10 ST%) Proses LegendEXitor ....................... 107
................................. 4.4.2.11 STD ProsesRozrre 108
4.4.2.12 STD Proses Table ................................. 109
Spesifikasi $1-oses ( h c e s s Specrgicatio~q) ........................... 110
................................................... 4.5.1 Modul Mail3 110
4.5.2 Mcdul StmtUp ................................................ 110
4.5.3 Modul ConPgureDi' .......................................... 110
4.5.4 ModdZoonl ................................................... 116
.................................. 4.5.8 Modul Route Bjj Buildii2gs 119
4.5.9 Modul Route B)J Location ....................................... I20
4.5.10 Modui Table ................................................... 121
4.5.1 1 Modul Map Legend .......................................... 121 . '
4.5.12 Modu! Legend Edifo~. ........................................ 122 ...
4.5.13 ModuI Irrifialize LegendEditor ............................ 124
4.5. i 4 Prilod~l kpply ~ e g e ~ d changes ............................. 125
4.5.15 Modul Ap.$ .V b Overlap Labels ........................... 125
................................ 4.5.16 Modd Apply Single Sj~mbol 126
............................... 4.5.17 Modul A@& Ditique JTaI11es 126
.............................. 4.5. IS Modul Appk Stm~dard Labels 127
................................ 4.5.19 Mo&ul L d S i n g l e S'2rbols 128
........................... 4.5.20 Modul Load No Ol~erlap Labels 129
................................ 4.5.2 i Modul Load Unique VaZues 129
.............................. 4.5.22 Modul Loud S t a n h d Labels 130
............................. 4.5.23 ModuI Initialize Single Sw~bo[ I30
....................... 4.5.24 ModuI Iuritialize hro Overlap Labeb 132
............................ 4.5.25 Modd Initialize U~lique Values 132
........................... 4.5.26 Mcdul Initialize Sta17dardLabelr I32
........ 4.5.27 Modul Popalate Exish'12g liriique Valz~es Legend 133
............ 4.5.28 M O M Poplate Iikw Uniqtre Values Legend 134-
..................... 4.5.23 Modul PopuEnte Bus List By Buildhg 134
..................... 4.5.30 ModuI Populafe Bus List BJ/ Locdion 135
................................... .. 4 5.31 Modul FindRolale By 321s 135
............................. 4.5.32 ~ o d u l ~ i r v i ~ & t e fly Bttildirrg 136
4.5.33 Modul Otz .V mse Down On Map Area .................... 137
.................. 4.5.34 Mcdul On ~ s e Relense On Mop Area 138
........................... 4.6 Perancangm h t x Muka (User inte~face) 139 .
.................................................. 4.6.2 AboutScreen 133
........................................................ 4.6.3 Toolbm -140
....................................................... 4.6.4. Membar 141
........................................ 4.6.5 Kotak Dialog Idenhfi 142
...................................................... 4.6.6 Tab Result 143
xvi
4.6.7 Motak Dialog Sl ?o w Da&x .................................... 143
4.6.8 Tab Query Mciage~ .......................................... I44
4.6.9 Tab Rorrte ...................................................... 145
4.6.9.1 TabRouteByBuskbme .......................... 145
4.5.9.2 Tab Rolite By Strilding ............................ I46
4.6.9.3 Tab Route By Locarion ............................ 147
4.6.10 Icotak Dialog LegendEditor, ................................ 148
4.6.10. 1 Tab Single .......................................... 148
4.6.10.2 Tab Unique ......................................... 149
4.6.10.3 Tab Stunbrd Label ............................... 150
4.6.10.4 Tab AdvcnzcedLabel .............................. 151
4.6.1 1 Eayar Pertma ................................................ 152
4.6.12 Layar Saat CoElqsed Ail ................................... 153
4.5.13 Eayw Saat DockAlf .......................................... I54
4.6.14 I Z A ~ Legend ................................................... 155
4.6.15 St~elz~sBm ................................................... 155
4.7 Implementasi ............................................................. I56
4.7.1 S~esifikasi Sistern ........................................... 156 ".
4.7.1.1 Spesifikasi Perangkat Meras ..................... "6 . .
4.7.1.2 Spesifikasi Peran&t LUG& .................... 157
4.7.2 Tzhap I~nplernentasi .......................................... 157
4.8 Prosedur Operational .................................................... 150
4.8.1 Pa~ggunaan Mew ............................................ 162
4.8.2 Penggunaan Tomb01 Pada Toolbar ........................ 178
xvii
4.83 Kusloraisasi Menu Dan Toolbar Secara Ru37lirne . . . . . . .. 185
4.8.3.1 Merampilkan 1 Menyembunyihl Tonbol.
TaolBar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 185
4.8.3.2 Kirstornisasi MainMenlrbar dan St&d
Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
4.8.3.3 Mengedit Sho~tcuf Merau . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
4.8.4 Pengguiazan Map Lzgend . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
4.8.5 P e n g ~ n a a n Q r e q ~ Idanager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
4.8.6 Pencarian Route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
4.8.7 Penggunaan Legend Editor . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,200
4.8.7.1 SilnboE Tunggd (Single S'1n601) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,201
4.8.7.2 Unique Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
4.8.7.3 Labeling. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 208
xviii
DAFTAR TABEL
Hlalaman
Tenniwlogi Sistein Idomaasi Geogafi . ... .. ......... ................... .. 32
Notasi UMl WnCiIr Pemargdn E3.D ...................................... 65
&siI Kuesioner 87
93
Tabel Buildings 94
TaSe! Ro 94
Tabel Routes 95
Tabel Rvs 95
Rencaaa. 1mp.llplernentasi Sisiem Inforrnasi Geografi Untuk
Trcyek Argkutar. Kota @i Dm iakatta ................................ .... .. 159
xix
DAXTAR G A M B m
Hataman
Sistem Me:iwt fimis (1992, p5)
Kardderistik Sistem
Komponen darl Sisteni L7fo
Komponen PengendaPian
Reat r;Yo~~Id (Happy ihileji)
................................ Penyzjian Data Sislem Infomasi Geogdi 29
Penguicuran Veldor GiS
Buffer Zones Around ............................................................. 3 9
Gambar 2.10 Operasi Filter Raster GJS
Ganlbar 2.12 &erly Raster 49 ...........................................................................
Gasnbar 2.13 Kc Eming for fighilip A~lalysis
laringan JaIan ........
. . Gasnbar 3.1 Stnrktw Or~anisasi Din% Perhubulyan .................................... 78
...... Crambar 3.2 Afur Proses Pe~dokurnentasiap klfonnasi Trayek Berjalan 82
Gambar 4.1 Diagram Kontelcs 90
Ga~iibar 4.2 Diagram hol T I .............................................................................. 91
Crambar 4.3 DiagarTT Rinci 3.0 92
Diagram !3ubu~san Entitas
......... Sttae Transila'or~ Diaf lm~ (STD) unbk Menu Utarna (1) LOO
......... Sate T'mjsition Diag~nz (STD) vntuk Menu Uaina (2) 101
.......... Strate fin7~flion Diagmm (Sm) natuk Query Mmznger 102
...... Sfate Trmsiti~?: Diagram (STD) ~:n$~k Proses Identifikasi 103
nbar 4.10 St&@ Transition Diagmrr (Sm) imiuk Roses P m .................. 103
..... ,y is/e Trmsition Diug~an7 (STD) imtuk Proses Selecf Zooin 104
Garnbar 4.12 State Trmrfio?? DDropmn (STD) ull& Rases Zoom i n ........... 104
State 'ironsition D f n g m {STD) .Ilk Proses Zoonz Out ........ 105
....... Sfme Trmsition Ciagram (Sm) untuk Proses k d d b i e r 105
................ State TruiiJiItion Dingam QSTD) ur&& Map Legend 106
Gainbar 4.16 State Em?siItioiorr Diagra.~ (SIB) unt-uk LegerdEditor- ............. 107
Gambar 4.17 State Trmsiz%on Dic i ym (STD) untuEc Rmte ........................... 108
Gamhar 4.18 State hrsi t ioa ~iug-&? (STD) Ta6le ........................... i09
Wancangan Lwar Splash Screen ............................................ 139
&ncanga.n Layar Aliofrt Scree17
Gambar 4.21 Rancangar, Lzyv Toolbar
a n b a r 4.22 Rarrcanga h y a r Menti Pragan .......................................... 141
Gambar 4.23 Rvlcangsn Layar Mem Se-ch
Rancangan La yar Mnir Maps '
Gamkar 4.25 Rancangzn Lay% Menu Lqem .............................................. 141
Gambar 4.26 kncangan Layar M ~ J U . Yiew
hrnbar 4.24 h~cazzgan Layar Menu He+
xxi
4.28 Rancangaa Layar Diaiog Ident~$
. 29 Rancangan Layar Tab Rembts
ar 4.30 Rancangan Layar Dialog Show in&x ........................................ 143
...................................... r 4.3 1 Rancangan Layar Tab Query Mamger 144
3 Rancangan Lay= Tab Route BJ~ Bus N m e ................................ 145
bar 4.33 Rancangan Eayar Tab Route By Buildings ................................. 146
4.34. Rancangm Layat- Tab Route BJJ Location .................................. 147
.............................. Rancangm Layu Tab Single Lege7?dEditor 148
nbar 4.36 hncangan Layar Tzb Unique Lege~dEdifor ............................ 149
............... hncangan Lay= Tab Sim~dmd Label Legend Editor 150
Rancangal1 Lay% Tab A&~a~~-cedLabeiLeger~dEditor .............. 151
bar 4.39 Rancangar, Lays Pertma ......................................................... 152
Rancangan Lay= Sazt CoE1o.s~ All
nbar 4.4 1 kncangan Layar Sazt Dock AN
bar 4.42 hncangan Eayar Map Lege
bar 4.43 Rancangm Eaya.r Stcrtus B
mbx 4.44 Splash Screen .............................................................................. 160
Gambar 4.45 Tanlpiian hwal Layar Utama
mbar 4.46 Tampilan Menu Utam ............................................................... 162
mbar 4.47 Taiipilan Sub Mem Progrim
bar 4.48 Tampilan Sub Menu Searc
bar 4.49 TanpiIan Sub Menu A4nps .......................................................... 164
.................................. mbar 4.50 TampiIan E-Easil IdextL'IIcasi Fitur PoEgan 165
............................ ..... Gambar 4.51 tam pi la^ Hasi! Idedifikasi F h r Ciaris .. 166
xxii
. . ....................................... 4.52 TampiIan Has2 fdentifi'iasi F i m Trtik 167
....................................................... 4.53 Tampilm %sil Select Zoom 168
ar 4.55 TarnpiIan Hasil Zoom QE
mbar 4.56 TampiIan Contoh Hasil @:cry Pada Tab Restrlts ....................... 169
bar 4.57 Tampilan Proses
Gan~bar 4.58 TarnpiIan Jer&ela Pete ( M q iflitdow) Saa; Fzdlfieilt ............ 170
Gambar 4.59 Taq i l an Sub Menu Lqers ................................................... 171
Gambar 4.60 Tampiran Dialog SJtm I~ldex ......
Gambar 4.61 TampiIan Didog A& Lwer
Gambar 4.62 Tampilan Pesan ICo~&il~~~asi Rer~~ove Active Layer .................... 173
Gambar 4.63 Tampi1a.r. Pesan Kosfinnasi Refiemove A71 Lqer .......................... 173
Gambar 4.64 Tampilan Sub ~~ lfiov
Gambar 4.65 Tsmpilan Tabei Jahrta
Gambar 4.66 Tunpilan Tabel Baildings
Gambar 4.67 Tampilan Tabel Ronh
Gambar 4.68 Tampitan Tabel Brts
Gambu 4.69 TampiIan Toolbar
Gambar 4.70 TampiIan Pesan Enpior Saat MenjaIankan Le@Edfov ........... 176 " -
Ganlbar 4.71 Tamnpijan Sub iMen1~ Help
Gunbar 4.72 T~mpilan File Help "jbrhe~~.chm"
Gambar 4.73 TampiIan About Screen .............................................................. 178
Garnbar 4.74 Tampiian Sub Menu Pada Tambol Sew& ................................. 182
Gambar 4.75 Tamyilan Tab Relate Pada Layar Ubma ........... ......,.......... ......... i 83
xxiii
.................... Taillpilsl~ Tab Qzre~r; Manager Pa& Eayar U t a m 184
TampiIan A& Or Remove Buttozon
...................................... ar 4.78 Tampilan Dialog Kustomisasi Toolbar 187
................................. TampiIan Dialog Edslomisasi Colnntends 188
...................................... ar 4.80 TampiIan Dialog Kustomisasl Options 189
................................... TampiIan Dialos Kustolnisasi Keyboard 190
.............................................................. ambar 4.82 TampiIan Zege9dda Peta 191
Gambar 4.83 Tampilan TaS Qzae?? Mmmger
................ TanlpZan Cci~toh Penggu~aar; Qrieiy 3y Expression 194
........................................ G d a r 4.85 TampiPzn Ffume Ro11le By Bzs l\ian?e 195
......................... ainbar 4.86 Tampila11 Nasil Pencarim Roz~te By B~sN'apne 196
mbar 4.87 TarnpiIan E ~ m c Rol~ie BJ Build
.......................... TampiIan Hasil Peilca~m Rorrte By B/iI&~gs 198
Ga~nbru- 491 Tampiian Tab Singr'e 'eege~?dEa?te~ Untuk Fib: Titik .............. 201
Ga~nbar 4.92 TampiIan Contoh Penggnuaan S3ubal Tuggal Untuk Tit& ..... 202
Gambar 4.93 TarLpila r. Tab Single Legend Editor Untulc Fitur Garis ............. 203
Gambar 4.94 Tampila1 Contoh Pe11ggmaa3 Sialbol T-mggd Untuk Fitur
Gasis 204
Gainbar 4.95 Tampaan Tzb Single Lcgei*dDlitor Untuk Fitur Poligon ......... 205
Gambar 4.96 Tampilap C~o~ito'n Pcnggumn Sinibol Tunggal Untuk
FFtut Boligoi; 206
Gambar 4.97 Tunpila Tab Gziqnre Legend Editor ......................................... 207
xxiv
4.98 TarnpiIan Contoh Pengguilaan Simboi Dengm Nilai Unik ....... 208
4.99 TampiIan Tab Sio&dLubel Legend Editor ........................... 209
4.100 Tampiian Contooh Penggunaan Sfandm6 Label ......................... 210
-101 Tampilan Tab Ach~ancedLai7e~LegendEdzlor .......................... 211
4.102 TampiIan Contoh Pengg~naan Advanced Label ........................ 212
ar 4.103 Tainpilm Aw-81 File "jbroute.apf'
bar 4.104 Langkah Memulai Pengedikn ................................................ 214
......................... mbar 4.106 Tampilan Toolbar Saat k t i f di R4ndow Tabel 215
mbar 4.107 TalipiIan Menu Td1e Dan Sel Tzbel Yang S&ng M f ........ 216
mbar 4.108 TampiIan Menu Ed' 217
mbar 4.109 TampiJm Pesan K o b a s i . Saat Slop Editing .......................... 217