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Chapter 1, Stephen P. Robbins and Nancy Langton, Organizational Behaviour, Third Canadian Edition.
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education Canada Inc.
Chapter 1
What IsOrganizational
Behaviour?
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Chapter 1, Stephen P. Robbins and Nancy Langton, Organizational Behaviour, Third Canadian Edition.
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education Canada Inc.
Agenda
Defining Organizational Behaviour
Todays Challenges in the Workplace
OB: Making Sense of Behaviour in
Organizations
Levels of Organizational Behaviour
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Chapter 1, Stephen P. Robbins and Nancy Langton, Organizational Behaviour, Third Canadian Edition.
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education Canada Inc.
What Is Organizational
Behaviour?
What is organizational behaviour?
What challenges do managers and
employees face in the workplace of the
21st century?
How will knowledge of organizational
behaviour make a difference for you?
Questions forConsideration
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Chapter 1, Stephen P. Robbins and Nancy Langton, Organizational Behaviour, Third Canadian Edition.
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education Canada Inc.
Organizational Behaviour
. . . a field of study that investigates the
impact that individuals, groups and
structure have on behaviour withinorganizations, for the purpose of applying
such knowledge toward improving an
organizations effectiveness.
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Chapter 1, Stephen P. Robbins and Nancy Langton, Organizational Behaviour, Third Canadian Edition.
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education Canada Inc.
Why Do We Study OB?
To learn about yourself and how to deal withothers
You are part of an organization now, and willcontinue to be a part of various organizations
Organizations are increasingly expectingindividuals to be able to work in teams, at least
some of the time Some of you may want to be managers or
entrepreneurs
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Chapter 1, Stephen P. Robbins and Nancy Langton, Organizational Behaviour, Third Canadian Edition.
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education Canada Inc.
What Is an Organization?
A consciously coordinated social unit,
composed of a group of people, which
functions on a relatively continuous basisto achieve a common goal or set of goals.
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Chapter 1, Stephen P. Robbins and Nancy Langton, Organizational Behaviour, Third Canadian Edition.
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education Canada Inc.
Characteristics OfOrganisation
Communication
Cooperative efforts
Common objectives
Rules and regulations
According to Barnard these are the four major
characteristics of organisation.
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Chapter 1, Stephen P. Robbins and Nancy Langton, Organizational Behaviour, Third Canadian Edition.
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education Canada Inc.
Features Of Organisation
Identifiable Aggregation Of Human Being
Deliberate And Conscious Creation
Purposive Creation
Coordination Of Activities
Structure
Rationality
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Chapter 1, Stephen P. Robbins and Nancy Langton, Organizational Behaviour, Third Canadian Edition.
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education Canada Inc.
Organisation as system
The boundry of syseam classified in to two
parts
Closed system
open system
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Chapter 1, Stephen P. Robbins and Nancy Langton, Organizational Behaviour, Third Canadian Edition.
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education Canada Inc.
Exhibit 1-1 Challenges
Facing the Workplace
Workplace
Organizational Level
Productivity Developing Effective Employees Global Competition Managing in the Global Village
Group Level
Working With Others Workforce Diversity
Individual Level
Job Satisfaction Empowerment Behaving Ethically
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Chapter 1, Stephen P. Robbins and Nancy Langton, Organizational Behaviour, Third Canadian Edition.
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education Canada Inc.
Todays Challenges in the
todays Workplace Challenges at the Individual Level
Job Satisfaction
Empowerment
Behaving Ethically
Challenges at the Group Level
Working With Others
Workforce Diversity
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Chapter 1, Stephen P. Robbins and Nancy Langton, Organizational Behaviour, Third Canadian Edition.
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education Canada Inc.
Todays Challenges in the
todays Workplace Challenges at the Organizational Level
Productivity
Developing Effective Employees
Absenteeism
Turnover
Organizational CitizenshipCompetition From the Global Environment
Managing and Working in a Global Village
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Chapter 1, Stephen P. Robbins and Nancy Langton, Organizational Behaviour, Third Canadian Edition.
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education Canada Inc.
Productivity
ProductivityA performance measure including
effectiveness and efficiency Effectiveness
Achievement of goals
EfficiencyThe ratio of effective work output to theinput required to produce the work
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Chapter 1, Stephen P. Robbins and Nancy Langton, Organizational Behaviour, Third Canadian Edition.
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education Canada Inc.
Effective Employees
Absenteeism
Failure to report to work
Turnover Voluntary and involuntary permanent withdrawal
from the organization
Organizational citizenship behaviour
Discretionary behaviour that is not part of an
employees formal job requirements, but is helpful to
the organization
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Chapter 1, Stephen P. Robbins and Nancy Langton, Organizational Behaviour, Third Canadian Edition.
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education Canada Inc.
Contributing Disciplines to
the OB Field Psychology
Sociology
Social Psychology
Anthropology
Political Science
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Chapter 1, Stephen P. Robbins and Nancy Langton, Organizational Behaviour, Third Canadian Edition.
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education Canada Inc.
Exhibit 1-2
Toward an OB Discipline
Social psychology
Psychology
Behaviouralscience
Contribution Unit of analysis
Output
Anthropology
Sociology
Political science
Study ofOrganizational
Behaviour
Organizationsystem
LearningMotivationPerceptionTrainingLeadership effectivenessJob satisfactionIndividual decision makingPerformance appraisalAttitude measurementEmployee selection
Work designWork stress
Group dynamicsWork teamsCommunicationPowerConflictIntergroup behaviour
Formal organization theoryOrganizational technologyOrganizational changeOrganizational culture
ConflictIntraorganizational politicsPower
Organizational cultureOrganizational environment
Behavioural change
Attitude changeCommunicationGroup processesGroup decision making
Group
Comparative valuesComparative attitudesCross-cultural analysis
Individual
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Chapter 1, Stephen P. Robbins and Nancy Langton, Organizational Behaviour, Third Canadian Edition.
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education Canada Inc.
The Rigour of OB
OB looks at consistenciesWhat is common about behaviour, and helps
predictability? OB is more than common sense
Systematic study, based on scientific evidence
OB has few absolutes OB takes a contingency approachConsiders behaviour in context
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Chapter 1, Stephen P. Robbins and Nancy Langton, Organizational Behaviour, Third Canadian Edition.
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education Canada Inc.
Beyond Common Sense
Systematic StudyLooking at relationships, attempting to
attribute causes and effects and drawingconclusions based on scientific evidenceBehaviour is generally predictable
There are differences betweenindividuals
There are fundamental consistencies
There are rules (written & unwritten)in almost every setting
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Chapter 1, Stephen P. Robbins and Nancy Langton, Organizational Behaviour, Third Canadian Edition.
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education Canada Inc.
Exhibit 1-3
Basic OB Model, Stage I
Organization systems level
Group level
Individual level
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Chapter 1, Stephen P. Robbins and Nancy Langton, Organizational Behaviour, Third Canadian Edition.
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education Canada Inc.
Exhibit 1-4Basic OB Model, Stage II
AbilityHuman
input
Values andattitudes
Motivation Individual
decision making
Personality Per ception
Biographical
characteristics
Leadership
Work design
and
technology
Organizational
culture
Change and
stress
Group
decision making
Other
groupsConflict
Power and
politics
Work
teams
Individual Level
Group Level
OrganizationSystems Level
Satisfaction
Organizational
commitment
Turnover
Absence
Productivity
Workplace
interaction
Human
output
CommunicationGroup
structure
Human resource
policies and
practices
Organization
structure
and design
Individual
Differences
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Chapter 1, Stephen P. Robbins and Nancy Langton, Organizational Behaviour, Third Canadian Edition.
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education Canada Inc.
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Chapter 1, Stephen P. Robbins and Nancy Langton, Organizational Behaviour, Third Canadian Edition.
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education Canada Inc.
Summary and Implications
OB is a field of study that investigates the
impact that individuals, groups, and structure
have on behaviour within an organization. OB focuses on improving productivity, reducing
absenteeism and turnover, and increasing
employee job satisfaction and organizational
commitment.
OB uses systematic study to improve
predictions of behaviour.
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Chapter 1, Stephen P. Robbins and Nancy Langton, Organizational Behaviour, Third Canadian Edition.
Copyright 2003 Pearson Education Canada Inc.
Exhibit 1-5Competing Values
FrameworkFlexibility
Control
InternalFocus
ExternalF
oc
us
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Chapter 1, Stephen P. Robbins and Nancy Langton, Organizational Behaviour, Third Canadian Edition.
C i ht 2003 P Ed ti C d I
Competing Values
Framework Internal-External Dimension
Inwardly toward employee needs and concerns and/or productionprocesses and internal systems
or
Outwardly, toward such factors as the marketplace, governmentregulations, and the changing social, environmental, and technologicalconditions of the future
Flexibility-Control Dimension
Flexible and dynamic, allowing more teamwork and participation;seeking new opportunities for products and services
or
Controlling or stable, maintaining the status quo and exhibiting lesschange