Surah al Baqarah
Ayahs 142 – 152
Ayah 142
The foolish among the people will say, "What has turned them away from their
qiblah, which they used to face?" Say, "To Allah belongs the east and the west. He
guides whom He wills to a straight path."
Context
• In Makkah, the Prophet SAW faced the Kaabah and Baitul Maqdas (Masjid al Aqsa) in Jerusalem
• But in Madinah when they faced Jerusalem, then their backs were towards the Kaabah. The Prophet SAW knew that he would be told to face the Kaabah eventually
The Foolish Ones
• Includes: • 1. The munafiqeen • 2. The yahud• 3. The mushrikeen
Roots• Seen – (it has 3 functions)• 1. it specifies the meaning of the word as
future or near future• 2. certainty of the event, that this is definitely
going to happen• 3. its an advance warning • Sayaqoolu – the foolishness is being expressed
through their words; these people are objecting because of their foolishness
Roots
• Qaaf baal laam – what you face is in front of you the reason for their foolishness is lack of intellect not lack of knowledge; Allah SWT is telling the Prophet SAW to ignore the foolish people’s objections
• Saawd Raaw Taaw – an open and easy path to follow
QIBLAH CHANGE
One who Objects on Decree of
Allah
Foolish
One who Objects on Commands of Allah
Lessons
• Allah owns everything, so its not all about just facing one direction or another (we have to face the Kaabah but don’t get caught up in the degrees or angles)
• Allah knows what the people were going to say (Past, Present and Future)
• Ignore foolish people and their comments
Ayah 143
And thus we have made you a just community that you will be witnesses over the people and the Messenger will be a witness over you. And We did not make the qiblah which you used to face except that We might make evident who would follow the Messenger from who would
turn back on his heels. And indeed, it is difficult except for those whom Allah has guided. And
never would Allah have caused you to lose your faith. Indeed Allah is, to the people, Kind and
Merciful.
Context
• Just as the Kaabah is a means of guidance, the Ummah is a means of guiding others
• With the changing of the Qiblah, leadership was being given to the Muslims
• But with Privilege comes Responsibility
م5ة3 7 و:س:طأ
Middle Link
Moderate One
Moderate Nation – How?• 1. An ummah that is mid-most in its time of
existence • 2. When it comes to the laws, the commands of
this ummah are the most moderate (neither exceed the bounds in worldly matters nor abandon the deen)
• 3. Best ummah compared to others; Bani Israel killed prophets while Nasaara worshipped the Prophets
• 4. Sunnah passed on to the Ummah and now we have to pass it on and convey the message
Muslim Ummah will witness that Previous messengers conveyed the message to their
nations.
You witness over the truth
الن اس ع�ل�ى د�اء ه� ش� ل�ت�ك�ون�وا�
هDيد3ا ش: G7م Gك :ي ع:ل س7ول7 الر5 7ون: :ك و:ي
Muhammad (s.a.w)
Against Our Actions
Conveyed the Message
Why the Change in Qiblah?
• Li’naa’lama – 1. so that we can show the people; so that they know; 2. so that we distinguish between sincere and insincere and 3. so that we can establish recompense
• It was a test for the believers to see if they would follow the Prophet SAW
Roots• Taa Baa Aain – follow in tangible and
intangible ways; sayings and actions • Why is the Name of the Prophet SAW NOT
Mentioned?• A) He was the final messenger • B) He is indeed a messenger; his title is only
mentioned• C) Encourages us to follow him
Roots
• Aain Qaaf Baa –when you turn your heels; you completely turn away
• The one who refuses to follow the messenger; this was a test to expose the sincerity of the people
• The Muslim ummah were tested through change in Qiblah; before this, they were told to face Jerusalem in Madinah, which was difficult for some
Roots
• Kaaf Baa Raaw – difficult and troublesome • Haa Daal Yaa – guidance; when you accept
something, it becomes easy
Commands of Allah are not hard for the Ones Guided!
Guidance Check!!•
Roots
• Daawd yaa aain – Allah will not waste your iman by not rewarding you for your previous prayers, even though they were in a different direction
• because that command was also from Allah SWT (Muslims prayed in that direction for 16-17 months and some died during this)
• Imaan’nakum – prayers that the Muslims prayed while facing Jerusalem
Roots
• Raaw hamza faa – kindness/intense mercy; to be kind to someone and to remove some affliction
LESSONS
• The commands that Allah gives are difficult for some; when you are guided and have ilm, then they become easy
• Following the right path becomes easy; the difference is in the imaan
• We have to recognize our role as the Muslim Ummah
Test for the Believers
Leadership Shift made Obvious
Honor for the Believers
Change of Qiblah?
Du’a
O our Lord! Let not our hearts deviate (from the truth) after You have Guided us, and
Grant us mercy from You. Truly, You are the One who bestow.
REFLECTIONS?
ANNOUNCEMENTS
Ayah 144
We have certainly seen the turning of your face, [O Muhammad], toward the heaven, and We
will surely turn you to a qiblah with which you will be pleased. So turn your face toward al-
Masjid al-Haram. And wherever you [believers] are, turn your faces toward it [in prayer]. Indeed, those who have been given the
Scripture well know that it is the truth from their Lord. And Allah is not unaware of what
they do.
Ayah 144 - Roots• Hamza Raaw Yaa – present; when Qad comes
before it, it gives the meaning of repitition• The Prophet SAW would repeatedly look
towards the sky: he longed to face the Kaabah; looked up in the hope for the command
• Each time he looked up, Allah SWT saw him• shows that the Prophet SAW didn’t make up
anything in the deen; always waited for the command
ام ر� ال�ح� د ج ال�م�س� ط�ر� ش� ه�ك� و�ج� و�ل� ف�Command to Follow Qiblah!
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OG5_GooANVs
Why is it important to Follow Qiblah?
Points about Facing Qiblah
• In a plane, you can face any direction the plane is in
• For fardh salah, you MUST face qiblah; its part of establishing salah
• For nafl salah, its not mandatory (i.e. on a vehicle)
• During salah, if you’re praying in the wrong direction, and someone corrects you, then you can turn during salah
Qibla Locator [http://www.qiblalocator.com]
Resource
Ayah 145
And if you brought to those who were given the Scripture every sign, they would not follow
your qiblah. Nor will you be a follower of their qiblah. Nor would they be followers of one
another's qiblah. So if you were to follow their desires after what has come to you of
knowledge, indeed, you would then be among the wrongdoers.
Ayah 145 - Roots
• Haa Waaw Yaa – their desires of you following their religion and leaving your own religion
• You will be abandoning knowledge if you compromise the deen just to please people
• Many times, knowledge means going against ones desires or sacrificing them
Abandoning
Allah’s Commands
To Please People
To Get their
ApprovalZulm
Lesson
Ayah 146
Those to whom We gave the Scripture know him as they know their own sons. But indeed, a party of them conceal the
truth while they know [it].
Ayah 146 - Roots
• Aain Raaw Faa – to recognize something by its signs, knowledge and realization; knowing why and how something should be done
• The people of the Book recognized the Prophet SAW really well and were aware of the signs of the last messenger
• Ibn – includes daughters too• Leaders would deliberately hide the truth
Ayah 147
The truth is from your Lord, so never be among the doubters.
Ayah 147 - Roots
• Meem Raaw Yaa – one who has doubt; doubt about a fact; is this really from Allah?
• Vs. Raaib (doubt that makes you restless)• Mumtareen – don’t doubt about the facts of
Allah; when the commands come, don’t be of those who doubt and put other people in to doubt as well
WELCOME BACK!• Class Objectives
– To learn the word for word translation of the Qu’ran with basic root words
– To understand a brief exegesis/tafseer of the Qu’ran
– To reflect on the ayahs of the Qu’ran and extract lessons
– To be able to practically implement lessons into our everyday lives
Reward of Learning & Teaching
– Duas for learning knowledge– Hadith about the reward of learning
knowledge; going in the path of Allah for the sake of knowledge
– Intention: Importance of intention and renewing our intentions for every class
– Every action is based upon intention
CLASS ETIQUETTES
• Class etiquettes – Talking– Asking relevant questions, disclaimer that not all
questions would be answered by teacher, but research can be done to look up the answers
– NO FIQH QUESTIONS/PERSONAL QUESTIONS– Eating/drinking– Laptop use, phone use– Juz 2 Books
RESOURCES
• www.journeytothequran.com• www.alhudacanada.com
Root words
Form the main part of a word, provide the basic
meaning of the word
Joined along with some other letters to form different words which have related meanings
Arabic words have three letter roots and rarely four or five letter roots
Always maintain their order / specific arrangement.
Why know the Roots ?
To know the translation of the word To analyze the word
To use the Arabic dictionary one must know the root of the word
TO Pass the tests
Eat
eating eats eaten eatable
Masdar
Root
branching words
Topic : 2
Huroof Illat (Missing/Chilling
Letters)
Huroof Illat
• Alif• Waaw• Yaa
Huroof Illat
You can call them sick letters - weak letters They get tired easily So when they appear in Roots , they may
Be Present Or Absent Or send another weak letter in their
place
ل وق speech
لاق: He said
:ق7 ل7وي He saysق7ل Say !
Changed
dropped
Present
Can there be more than one defective letters in one
Root?
Yes there can be
Example : Surah Al Baqarah : 2
ن� ق�ي �� ن م� ل ل�
يق و
Meat of the matter is
• Normal Root words You just need to recognize them
• Root words with defective letters You have to learn them
The Double Lettered Root Word….
The Double Lettered Root word….
• In Some Root words the Second and Third Radical are identical
• In Such cases the second radical will have shaddah
• Example : The word Jب ر� is from root رب ب
In other words…
• Shaddah means “The Letter is twice”
Other Examples….
• ين��ضال• م� دRه� ي�م�• Tم ص�• ب�ه ر�
Ayah 148
For each [religious following] is a direction toward which it faces. So race to [all that is] good. Wherever you may
be, Allah will bring you forth [for judgement] all together. Indeed, Allah
is over all things competent.
Ayah 148 - Roots
• Waaw Jeem Haa – a direction one faces (tangible) and a goal/purpose (intangible)
• Seen Baa Qaaf – to try to get ahead of other people; to run towards a particular goal/competing
• Khaaw Yaa Raaw – race towards something that is good; beneficial for yourself, for others and also pleases Allah SWT
ا ل�يه� و� م� و� ه� Yة ه� وج� لك�ل] و�Everyone has some goal
What are our goals?
Someone Special
What are my goals?
What is my center of life?
What is my top most priority?
What is that thing to which I keep on returning to?
Analyze!
Ayah 149
So from wherever you go out [for prayer, O Muhammad] turn your face toward al-
Masjid al-Haram, and indeed, it is the truth from your Lord. And Allah is not
unaware of what you do.
Ayah 150
And from wherever you go out [for prayer], turn your face toward al-Masjid al-Haram.
And wherever you [believers] may be, turn your faces toward it in order that the people
will not have any argument against you, except for those of them who commit wrong; so fear them not but fear Me. And [it is] so I may complete My favor upon you and that
you may be guided.
Wisdom behind the emphasis
People won’t have hujjah
Completion of the Deen For Guidance
Why 3 Repetitions?
• 1. to contradict the previous Qiblah• 2. the command is for all places and all times• 3. there should not be any deviation from the
Qiblah
Ayah 150 - Roots
• The people who do Dhulm will continue to argue against you but do not fear them…
• Khaaw Sheen Yaa – fear out of knowledge; realization of someone’s greatness
• Taa Meem Meem - The Kaabah was chosen so that the deen may be completed for us, as a favour
• Therefore, fear Allah and not the people
Ayah 151
Just as We have sent among you a messenger from yourselves reciting to you Our verses and purifying you and
teaching you the Book and wisdom and teaching you that which you did not
know.
Ayah 151 - Context
• Just as we sent amongst you a messenger, the Kaabah was also a blessing
• 1. Tilawah is mentioned first; having correction recitation & pronunciation
• 2. Tazkiyah: a) removing shirk from their lives b) practically showing the knowledge
• 3. Hikmah – how to act upon a command; sunnah
• 4. Teaches us whatever else we didn’t know
REFLECTION
• No one was born with the knowledge of the deen, so we
have to learn it
Ayah 152
So remember Me; I will remember you. And be grateful to Me and do not deny
Me.
Remember Allah by
Obeying AllahHe will
Remember you by Forgiving You
Ayah 152 - Roots
• Dhaal Kaaf Raaw – remember Allah for all the blessings; remember by obeying Allah and He will remember you by forgiving you
• Sheen Kaaf Raaw – be thankful for the Qiblah; in contrast to kufr by disobeying in this matter or hiding favours of Allah SWT
REFLECTIONS
Surah al Baqarah
Ayahs 153 – 162
Ayah 153
O you who have believed, seek help through patience and
prayer. Indeed, Allah is with the patient.
Roots
• Aain Waaw Noon – General help• Saawd Baa Raaw – to control oneself; 3 types:• 1. At the time of difficulty, holding yourself
back from negativity (i.e. why me; I wish I could die)
• 2. to hold oneself firm on the obedience of Allah SWT
• 3. when a person holds oneself back from doing what Allah dislikes
SABR
At the Time of Calamity
Hold Oneself on the Obedience of
Allah
Hold Oneself back from
Disobedience of Allah
ابرين� الص ع� م� الل ه� إن
ن�ية ق� ن�Generic Specific
Allah is with people with His knowledge
Allah is with believers with His Help & Support
Du’a of Rasool Allah (s.a.w)
O Allah! Make me one who is most patient and grateful; and make me small in my own eyes but great in the eyes of
others.
When the world pushes you to your knees, your
are in the perfect position to pray.
Unknown
The shortest distance between a problem and its solution is the distance between your knees
and the floor. The one who kneels to Allah can stand up to
anything.
Unknown
Psychology Connection
• DELAYED GRATIFICATION – ability to resist the temptation for an earlier reward and wait for a reward later on (Self-Control)
• In our brain, we have the reward circuitry and when we control ourselves from acting on our emotions, this benefits our behaviour in life
LESSONS
• SABR does NOT mean being passive• Be active, get help, keep doing what you’re
doing and ALSO ask for Allah’s help without complaining or haste
• Patience is a sign of a person’s imaan• Don’t object to the decree of Allah
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