Exploringhowpeopleshapetheworld’sforests…Exploringhowpeopleshapetheworld’sforests…
The IFRI Approach to StudyingTenure
KristerAndersson
UniversityofColoradoatBoulder,USA
InternationalForestryResourcesandInstitutions(IFRI)ResearchNetwork
2012CIFORAnnualMeeting
Exploringhowpeopleshapetheworld’sforests…
Take‐homemessage
• IFRIapproachisusefulbecause– Collectscomparabledatafrommultiplecontexts
– Reliesonovertimeobservations
– Hasanesteddatastructure
Exploringhowpeopleshapetheworld’sforests…
What is IFRI?• InternationalForestryResourcesandInstitutions(IFRI)ResearchNetwork• Anetworkfocusedonlocalforestgovernanceandoutcomes• Est.1992byElinorOstromatIndianaU.withsupportfromFAO• NowcoordinatedbyArunAgrawalatUofMichigan• 12CollaboratingResearchCenters(approximately40researchers)• 330researcherstrained(from38countries)• 225peer‐reviewedpublications(30KcitationsonGooglescholar)
Exploringhowpeopleshapetheworld’sforests…
Exploringhowpeopleshapetheworld’sforests…
IFRISharedDatabase–June’12
VisitsperSite Total1Visit 1502Visits 1083Visits 694Visits 4
TotalSites 331
Exploringhowpeopleshapetheworld’sforests…
IFRIDataStructure
Exploringhowpeopleshapetheworld’sforests…
FieldResearchApproach• In‐depthqualitativecase
studies,2‐4weeks/site• CRCscollectandcode
comparablefielddata• Ecological,socioeconomic,
institutionalvariables• Sourcesofdata:direct
measurements,participantobservation,keyinformants,focusgroups,census,cadaster—notsurveysalone!
Exploringhowpeopleshapetheworld’sforests…
Nestedunitsofanalysis
• Enablesmultilevelanalysis
• Exploitsthreetypesofvariation:– Temporal
– Spatial– Inter‐level
Exploringhowpeopleshapetheworld’sforests…
Approachforstudyingtenure• Propertyrights:“rulesaffectingtheflowanddistributionofbenefitsfromresourcestousers”
• Codesabout50variablesrelatedtopropertyrights
• Teamleaderchoosesappropriatefieldmethods
Exploringhowpeopleshapetheworld’sforests…
Sample variables about tenure
Atproductlevel:B1.Whatisthenatureofthegroup'scurrentlegalclaimtotheharvestoruseofthisforestproduct?<RLEGCLAIM>
(1)Dejure(byright,asestablishedbylaw)(2)Defacto(asexists,notnecessarilybylegalestablishment)
(3)Dejureanddefacto(theyhaveaformalrightandexercisingit)
(4)Contrarytoformallaw
D1.Doaccessing,harvesting,processing,orsellingrulesexistthataffecttheharvestingleveloruseofthisproduct?<RRULEEXIST>
Exploringhowpeopleshapetheworld’sforests…
TenurevariablesatForestlevel
• F1.Doesthisusergroupincludetheowner(s)oftheforest?<GOWNFOREST>
• D2.Ifmorethanonegroupusesthisforest,arerulesforusingthisforestwelldefinedbetweendifferentgroups?Thatis,arethererulesthatspecifytheactionsthatdifferentgroupsfollow?<FRULEDEFIN>
Exploringhowpeopleshapetheworld’sforests…
Conclusions
• Strengths– Comparablecoredataacrossmanysites
– Longitudindal
– Nestedunitsofanalysis
• Weaknesses– Samplingstrategy
– Coredataonly—insufficientinmanycontexts
Exploringhowpeopleshapetheworld’sforests…
Further Information about IFRI
IFRI website at http://www.umich.edu/~ifri
Recommended
