QUAN HE VIET NAM - CHAU AU
NHIN Lni 40 N A M O U O N H € VICT - PHRP (1973-2013):
THUC TRFING Vfl TRICN VONG
Ths. Vo Minh Hung
Bai hpc Sir phgm Hoa Trung, Trung Quoc
Quan he hai nude Viet - Phap da co mdt
be day lich sir kha lau ddi, trai qua nhieu
thang tram, de lai nhieu dau an va ngay nay
dugc nang len tam eao mdi toan dien, ca ve
quy mo lan chat lugng va dang tien den ky
ket doi tac chien lugc. Quan he bai nudc
dang dugc thyc hien theo phuang cham:
''Quan he hdu nghi truyen thong, hpp tdc
todn dien, ldu ddi vd tin cgy gida 2 nudc
trong the ki mdi"
Trong 40 nam qua, quan he hai nudc
khong ngimg dugc vun ddp va phat trien.
Phap luon la ngudi ban thuy chung ciia Viet
Nam, trude sau nhu mgt. Phap da giiip Viet
Nam pha vd the bao vay, cam van cua My va
cac nude phuang Tay nhiing nam cuoi thap
ky 80 va ddu thap ky 90 cua thl ky XX, giiip
Viet Nam sdm boa nhap vdi cac to chiic kinh
te quoc te, cai thien va tang cudng quan be
vdi cac nudc thanh vien EU, nang cao vi the
ciia minh trSn trudng qudc te. Va ngay nay,
Phap la mgt trong nhung nudc diing dau
chau Au dau tu vao Viet Nam vdi 360 dy an
c6 long so v6n la 2,2 ti USD, diing thd hai
sau Nhat Ban vi?n trg song phucmg ODA
Bao Nhan dan (2002), Chu tjch nudc Trdn Dtic Luong hgi ddm vdi Tong thdng Jacques Chirac, ngay 30/10, tr, 4,
cbo Viet Nam. Dong thdi, Phap con giiip
Viet Nam trong viec tang trudng kinh te, thu
hiit nguon von dau tu, nguon cong nghe tien
tien, hien dai de nhanh ehong dua dat nudc
trd tharih mgt nudc cong nghiep boa, hien
dai hoa...
Nhu vay co the noi, trong 40 nam qua,
quan he hai nudc Viet - Phap khong ngimg
dugc tang cudng va phat trien, gat hai nhiing
thanh tyu het siic rye rd. Tuy nhien, tinh
hinh the gidi da va dang dat ra nhimg trien
vgng va thach thirc cho quan be hai nudc
Viet - Phap trong thl ky XXI.
I. Thuc trang quan h Vi|t - Phap
trong 40 nam qua (1973 - 2013)
1. Quan he cliinh trf
Sau that bai d chien trudng Dong
Duong nam 1954, Phap huge phai ky Hiep
dinh Geneve ngay 21/7/1954 vdi ngi dung
chu yeu la cdng nhan ddc lap, chu quyen,
thdng nhat va loan ven lanh tho ciia Vi?t
Nam. Mac dii chua het mac cam do cugc
chien tranh gay ra, nhung de duy tri anh
hudng va bao ve quyen lgi cua minh d Viet
Nam ciing nhu Ddng Duong, Phap da lua
chgn each ung xu than thien vdi Vi?t Nam
vdi y muon dua quan he hai nudc chuyen
80 NGHIEN CCrU CHAU AU - EUROPEAN STUDIES REVIEW N°7 (1541.2013
sang mgt giai doan mdi, phat trien tot dep ban. Vi vay, ngay sau Hiep dinh Paris (27/1/1973) khdng lau, ngay 12/4/1973, Phap da nSng quan he ngoai giao vdi Viet Nam len cdp dai sur. Sy kien nay khong chi danh ddu mgt budc phat triln quan trgng trong quan he bai nude ma con la lien de va dilu kien eo ban dl md ra mgt chuang mdi trong quan be hai nude sau nay va thyc hien theo phuang eham: Quan he hdu nghi truyen thdng, hap tdc todn dien ldu ddi vd tin cdy trong thi t^ XXI "^.
K I tu dd, quan he chinh tri gifta hai nudc da trai qua nhieu giai doan va phat trien tot dep eho den ngay nay, dugc the hien thong qua cae ehuyen tham lan nhau ciia lanh dao cac cap gifta hai nude, trong do dang chii y la nhiing chuyen tham ciia lanh dao cap cao nhu:
Ve phia Phdp, da cd 3 chuyen tham cap nguyen thu quoc gia sang Viet Nam: Tdng thong Mitterrand 1993; Tong IhQng Chirac nam 1997 va 2004 (nhan Hgi nghi thugng dinh Ian thur VII cae nudc ndi tieng Phap - sy kien nay da danh dau sy hgp tac "chdc chdn vd chdn thdnh ", khang dinh vi the ciia Viet Nam trong mdi quan he song phucmg, cimg CO lgi vdi Cgng hoa Phap); Thu ludng Fillon thang 11/2009.
Ve phia Viet Nam, Tong Bi thu Le Kha Phieu tham Phap nam 2000, Tong Bi thu Nong Due Manh tham Phap nam 2005, Chii lich nudc Tran Diic Luang tham Phap nam
Vi^t - Phdp hudng tdi moi quan h^ chien lugc fhttp://vietbao.vn ngiy 30/10/2007).
2002, Thu tudng Vd Van Kiet tham Phap nam 1993, Thii tudng Phan Van Khai nam 1998 va Thii tudng Nguyen Tan Dung nam 2007).
2. Quan hf kinh te
1. Quan he thuang mgi
Viet Nam va Cgng boa Phap da co mii quan he thuang mai tu rat sdm va dang ngay cang phat trien. Ca sd phap ly dieu ehinh va dam bao cho su phat trien dn dinh ciia moi quan he nay la: Hiep dinh Thuang mai va Hiep dinh Thanh loan (10/1955), Hiep djnh khung ve Hgp tac kinh te (4/1977), Hiep dinh Tranh darih thue Trimg (1993) va nhftng hiep dinh ky vdi EU eam ket danh cho hang hda xuat xii tir Viet Nam uu dai thue quan phd cap GSP. Chinh ca sd phap ly Iren lao dieu kien cho Viet Nam khai thae lgi the so sanh tuang ddi trong quan he thuang mai voi Phap va giiip kim ngach thuang mai Viet -Phap ngay mdt tang.
Hien nay, Phap la mgt trong nhihig doi tae thuang mai ldn nhat cua Viet Nam 6 chau Au, chilm khoang 15,9% - 16,8% ti trgng tdng kim ngach xudt khdu cua Viet Nam sang EU. Tdng kim ngach thuang mai hai nudc khong ngimg tang len. Tinh dSn nam 2012, t6ng kim ngach thucmg m?i Vi?t Nam - Phap da vugt ngudng 3 ti USD, tang 48% so vdi nam 2010 (2,064 ti USD) va 66% so vdi nam 2009 (1,8 ti USD) (xem Bdng 1). Nhung mSt hang xudt khdu chii ylu cua Viet Nam sang Phap la giay dep, hang det may, hai san, san phdm da quy va kim loai quy. T6ng gia tri hang hoa Viet Nam nhap khdu dat 969 trieu USD, chu ylu la:
Viin lai 40 ttdin qMoit lie <Diet — ^liAp..,,
nay moc, thiet bi, dung cy va phy tiing; tan iugc; cac san pham hoa chat; nguyen phu ieu det, may, da, giay; sfta va san pham sfta. Prong nhiing nam gan day, quan he thuang nai Viet - Phap dang diing Irudc nhilu kho dian va thach thiic bdi gap phai sy canh ranh gay gat tir cac ddi thii nhu Trung Quic, !^al Ban, My, An Do, Han Quoc.
Bdng 1: KIM NGACH THUONG
Ngoai nhirng boat dgng thuong mai
song phuang gifta bai nude, Phap con tich
cue ling hg Viet Nam gia nhap WTO, ki kit
hiep dinh hgp tac vdi Lien minh Chau Au...
Sy ung hd nay la eo sd cho triln vgng hgp
tac kinh te ben chat ban nua ve kinh te giua
Viet Nam va Phap noi rieng eftng nhu Viet
Nam va EU noi chung trong tuang lai.
MAI VIET - PHAP (1991 - 2010)
Dan vi: Trieu USD
Nam
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 199S 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Tong kim ngach
145 292.2
432 500 446.1 561 788 668 656 708 784 738 911 1,174
1,100 1,218
2,039 1,800 1,672
2,064 2,864
Viet Nam xuat khau sang Phap
83 132 95 117 169 145 238 307 355 398 467 439 496 557 653 797 884 971 809 1.095
1.658
Viet Nam nhap khau tur
Phap 62 160 337 383 277 416 550 381 301 329 317 299 414 617 448 421 971 829 864 969 1.205
Can can thuong mai (a)
22 -28 -242
-266 -108 -271 -312 -74 54 69 150 140 82 -60 205 375 -87 15 -55 126 453
Chii thich: (a) (+) Viet Nam xudt khdu sang Phap; (-) Viet Nam nhap khdu tir Phap.
Nguon: - Tong cyc Hai quan Viet Nam (http://www.customs.gov.vn);
- Vu Chau Au - Bg Cong thucmg cimg cap.
-http://www.vcci.com.vn/ho-so-thi-truong/phap.htm
82 NGHIEN CUU CHAU AU - EUROPEAN STUDIES REVIEW N°7 |154|.2013
Bieu Sd T
rieu
U
SD
S g
O
S
g
g
g
g
^
r. CAN CAN THirOfNG MAI V l f l r -PHAP (1993-2010)
1
Vr-qr L-;
k TJ I 1 u
n
rfi^ffH u
i r
\
1
r l \
i \ "Vl'
J_ 1 j l
1 1993 1995 1996 1997 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 200
O Nhap khiu • Xuit khiu O Can can thu'O'ng mai
• 1 1
\
9 2010
2. Quan he ddu lu
Tinh den nay, Phap dung dau cac niroc
chau Au va dimg thu 13 trong t6ng s6 88
nuoc va lanh tho dau tu 6 Viet Nam. Diu tu
true tiep cua Phap co mat tai Viet Nam tir
nam 1988. Tinh din nam 2010, Phap diu tu
vao Viet Nam voi tong so von dau tu dat
2,94 ti USD cho 305 s6 du an dang hoat
dgng (xem Bang 2). Von dau tu cua Phap
tang lien tuc trong nhung nam gan day (Nam
2008 tang 5,5 lln so voi nam 2007); 9 thang
dau nam 2009 co suy giam do tinh hinh
khiing hoang kinh te toan clu. Cac linh vuc
CO v6n diu tu Ion la dich vu (52% tfing v6n),
cong nghiep (37%), con lai la nong nghiep.
Hinh thiic diu tu bao gom hgp ding hgp tac
kinh doanh (chiSm 31%), BOT (29,6%) vol
quy mo trung binh la 11,59 trieu USD/du an
Nguon: Dua tren so Ueu Bang 1.
(6 muc thap so vai binh quan chung la
15 trieu USD/du an). Diu tu true tilp ciia
Phap tap trung chu yeu vao cac linh vuc
cong nghiep va xay dung, giao thong va viln
thong, khach san va dich vu, chj biSn thirc
phim; phan b6 tren khoang 30 dia phucmg,
tap trung phin ldn tai thanh ph6 H6 Chi
Minh (96 du an), Ha Ngi (56 dir an), Ddng
Nai (18 du an), Ba Ria-VOng Tau (8 du an)
va Quang Nam (8 du an). Mgt s6 du an Ion
Phap dang triSn khai la: Nha may dien Phii
My 2, Phat triSn ducmg day vien thong ciia
tap doan France Telecom, Hgp tac chien
lugc giira AXA va Bao Minh, Cong ty
Alcatel Viet Nam, He thdng phan phdi ciii
tap doan Bourbon, v.v. Hien Phap dang quan
tam nhieu den cac du an v6 nang lugng tai
Viet Nam.
titiil lai 40 itaiii quan li^ <7}iei — ^/tdfi... 83
Bang 2: S6 DV AN VA VON DAU TV CUA PHAP DUOC CAP PHEP
VA DANG HOAT DONG TAI VIET NAIM
(Dm vi: USD)
Nam
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
T6ng
So du* an dang ky
4
8
5
8
8
18
23
18
18
28
29
23
19
19
28
18
18
27
25
22
47
32
23
468
So dy an dang hoat
dong
1
4
1
4
4
7
9
10
7
15
13
11
9
10
14
13
12
19
19
22
47
32
22
305
Tong von dau ty
15,422,901
50,224,370
6.301,351
6,392,572
55,371,709
134,666,466
133,025,437
152,257,696
83,536,719
942,563,169
34,680,000
50,241,448
11,750,178
499,219,470
8,525,000
18,596,308
7,025,500
20,703,800
36,105,500
184,005,000
632,524,828
89,101,012
13,306,297
2,941,345,770
Ngudn: Cue DIU tu Nuoc ngoai - Bp Ke hoach va Dau tu.
84 NGHIEN CUU CHAU AU - EUROPEAN STUDIES REVIEW N°7 (154).2013
Bang 3: Giai ngan vien trff phat triin chinh thiic cua Phap giai doan 2000-2005
Ocm vi: trieu Euro
Giai ngan cua Dai sir quan Phap Bo Kinh ts, Tai chinh va Cong n.ghiep
Adetef (Assistance Technique France -Co quan Ho tra kT thuat qufic ti Phap)
Co quanphat trien Phap (von vay)
Co quan phat trien Phap (vien trg khong
hoan lai)
Co quan phat trien Phap (proparco)
Bo phan Hgp tac va Hoat dgng van hoa (ngan sach thudng nien)
Bo phan Hgp lac va Hoat dgng van hda
(ngan sach du an FSP)
2000
23,7
0,7
14,4
0,1
0,0
7,7
0,66
2001
20,1
0,7
30,1
0,5
0,0
6,5
1,6
2002
26,2
0,7
37,7
0,5
4,1 5,8
1,0
2003
23,5
1,0
36,9
1,8
20,8
5,0
2,0
2004
16,491
0,68
44,66
0
8,1
4,776
3,970
2005
4,325 0,6
105
0
13*
5,156
5,5
Giai ngan tCr Phap (udc tinh)
Bd Ngoai giaoA^u Hgp tac phi chinh phu
Cac CO quan khac ciia Bd Ngoai giao
Bd Giao due, Nghien ciru va Thanh nien
(500 hoc bdng)
Trung tam Nghien cim Qudc gia
CIRAD
Vien Nghien cim Phat trien
Cac dia phuang
Cac bd khac
Tdng ODA
Tdng ODA (bao gdm proparco)
1,0 0,0
5,0
1,0 2,0
1,0 2,0
0,2
59,4
59,4
1,0
0,3
5,0
1,0 2,5
1,0
2,0
0,2
72,5
72,5
1,0 0,6
5,0
1,0 3,0
1,0 2,0
0,2
85,7
89,8
1,0 1,0
5,0
1,0
3,0
1,0 2,0
0,2
84,4
105,2
1,259
1,0
1,925
1,0 3,0
1,0
2,0
0,2
81,961
90,061
1,0 1,0
32
1,0 3,0
1,0
2,0
0,2 1 161,781
174,12i Cff cau ODA theo gia trj Theo phuffng thu-c vien trff
Vien trg khdng hoan lai
Vdn vay
Cff cau ODA theo ti le Theo phuong thirc vien trff
Vien trg khdng hoan lai
Vdn vay
22,7
36,7
28% 62%
22,3
50,1
31% 69%
21,8
63,8
25%
75%
23,2
60,8
28%
72%
19,81
61,151
24,5%
75.5%
49,796
44,325,
53%
47%
* Giai ngan PROPARCO (uac tinh).
Nguon: Ambassade de France au Vietnam (2006), fails chifres". CahierN.2, p.9.
'La cooperation Franco-Vietnamiene
lUiin lai 40 ndm qMiin lie <J)iei- — ^lidfi... 85
3. Vien tra ODA cua Phdp doi vdi
Viet Nam
Viet Nam la mot trong it nuac dugc
lUong ca ba kenh vien tra tai chinh cua Phap
la: Vien trg phat trien chinh thuc tir ngan kho
va cho vay uu dai tir Ca quan Phat trien Phap
[AFD) va tu Quy Doan kk uu tien (FSP);
Nghi dinh thu tai chinh; Quy Trg giiip dac
biet doanh nghiep (FASEP). Phap hien la
nha tai trg song phuang ODA thir hai cho
Viet Nam, sau Nhat Ban. Viet Nam dung thu
7 trong so cac nuac hucmg ODA ciia Phap.
Den nay, Phap da cap cho Viet Nam vay uu
dai tren 2 ti euro cho cac du an, trong do
dang chii y la du an ve tinh VNREDSATI
(57,8 trieu euro), du an tau dien ngam Ha
Noi (280 trieu euro), du an trucmg Dai hgc
Khoa hoc cong nghe Ha Ngi (100 tneu
euro).,. Nam 2008, Phap dung dau trong so
cac nha tai trg song phuang tai Hgi nghi
Nhom tu van cac nha tai trg cho Viet Nam
(CG), cam ket vien trg 380 trieu dola cho
Viet Nam cho nam 2009 (tang so voi 228
trieu nam 2007).
Theo tinh than tai lieu khung ve quan he
doi tac Viet Nam Phap giai doan 2006-
2010 (ky ngay 15/9/2006), Phap cam kat
vien trg cho Viet Nam 1,4 ti dola, tap trung
the manh cua Phap vao 4 Iinh vuc uu tien:
xay dung ca sa ha tang kinh te xa hgi,
chuyen giao cong nghe, phat trien nong
nghiep, cong nghiep (dien nang, nang lugng
sach va cong nghe che bien) va phat trien
iinh vuc tai chinh phi ngan hang.
3. Hp'p tdc vdn hod
Giao luu van hoa giiia hai nuac ngay
cang phat trien. Chinh phii Phap danh uu tien
ho trg cho chinh sach hgi nhap van hoa cua
Viet Nam vai phuang cham: Khfing dinh,
ton trgng su da dang van hoa Viet Nam.
Hiep dinh giira hai chinh phu ve cac trung
tam van hoa dugc ky ket (thang 11/2009) se
tao ca sa va dieu kien cho hoat dong cua
Trung tam Van hoa Viet Nam tai Paris, mgt
trong hai trung tam van hoa Viet Nam a
nuac ngoai. To chuc tnen lam Viet Nam
Expo tai Paris (nam 2005), tuan le phim
Phap tai Ha Noi, trien lam van hoa Cham tai
Paris. Lien hoan nghe thuat Festival Hue
(dugc to chiic lan dau vao thang 4/2000) tap
hgp hon 150 nghe sy Viet - Phap trong bon
thang vira qua. Su kien van hoa nay thu hut
150.000 nguai tham du, that su la mpt thanh
cong rue ra, rgng rai va gop phan lam phong
phii hem hoat dong hgp tac giii'a hai nuac.
Phap la doi tac dau tien xay dung Festival
Hue. Su tai trg va tham gia tich cue cua Phap
da tra thanh mgt hoat dgng van hoa quoc te,
dugc to chuc 2 nam mot lan. Viet Nam dugc
mai tham gia vao nhieu le hgi van hoa nghe
thuat tai Phap (Ll hpi nghe thuat Avignon,
Le hpi Bien quoc te Brest). Cac hoat dgng
trao doi van hoa dugc tang cucmg tren ca sa
trao doi va chuyen giao tri thiic. Dieu nay the
hien su ton trgng, hgp tac hoa binh, hiiu nghi,
la cau noi cho hai nen van hoa giau truyen
NGHIEN CCfU CHAU AU - EUROPEAN STUDIES REVIEW N°7 (154).20T3
th6ng, dam ban s c dan tgc. Nam 2013 danh
dau 40 nam thi^t lap quan he ngoai giao Viet
Nam va Phap. Mgt kk hoach gioi thieu t6ng
quan vh van hoa, nghe thuat Viet Nam tai
Phap dang dugc chuan bi va xiic tien vai cac
cugc trien lam hoanh trang, cac chuong trinh
nghe thuat truyen thong, mang den cho khan
gia Paris va nhieu dia phuang a Phap mot cai
nhin chan thuc, song dgng ve dat nuac, con
nguai va van hoa Viet Nam trong thai ky
doi mai.
II. Nhirng trien V9ng cua quan he Viet
- Phap trong thoi gian toi
- Boi cdnh quoc te vd khu vuc tiep tuc
phdt trien cd lpi cho mdi quan he hai nudc
Viet - Phdp
Tir nay den nam 2020, tinh hinh the gioi
va khu vuc chau Au ciing nhu chau A - Thai
Binh Duong chac chan se co nhieu thay doi.
Tuy nhien, xu the chu dao ciia dong chay thl
giai van la xu the hoa binh, on dinh, hgp tac
de ciing phat trien. Xu the da cue hoa, dan
chii hoa trong quan he quoc te tiep tuc phat
trien, noi com van la quan he giua cac nuoc
Ion se chi phoi cac moi quan he qu6c te.
D6ng thoi, xu thl toan cau hoa, each mang
khoa hgc - cong nghe phat trien manh me,
thiic ddy qua trinh lien kit va hgp tac giiia
cac nuoc tren the gicri noi chung va Viet -
Phap noi rieng. Nhu v^y, co thl noi tinh hinh
thl giai va khu vuc se tilp tuc tao co hgi
thiic day quan he hai nuac Viet - Phap phat
trien.
- Viet Nam tiep tuc dudng ldi doi ngogi
da phuang hda, da dgng hda, chu dpng va
tich cue hpi nhgp quoc te trong giai dogn
2011-2020
D i hgi Dai bieu toan quoc lan thir XI
ciia Dang Cgng san Viet Nam liep tuc vach
ra duang loi, chinh sach doi ngoai dung dan,
phil hgp vai tinh hinh quoc te, khu vuc va
trong nuac. Khang djnh Viet Nam van tiep
tuc thuc hien chinh sach doi ngoai theo
phuang cham duang loi doi ngoai: Thuc hien
nhdt qudn dudng loi doi ngogi doc lap, tu
chu, hoa binh, hap tdc vd phdt trien; Da
phuang hda, da dgng hoa quan he, chu dong
vd tich cue hpi nhdp qudc te; Ndng cao vi
the cua ddt nudc; Vi lai ich qudc gia, dan
tpc, vi mpt nirdc Viet Nam xd hdi chu nghia
gidu mgnh; Ld bgn, doi tdc tin cdy vd thank
vien cd trdch nhiem trong cpng dong quoc te,
gop phdn vdo su nghiep hoa binh, dpc lap
ddn tpc, ddn chu vd tiin bp xd hpi tren the
gidi^.
Voi he thong cac quan dilm, chinh sach,
muc tieu, nhiem vu doi ngoai chii dpng va
tich cue hgi nhap quoc tl nhu vay, chic chan,
Phap tiep tuc la nuoc co vi tri hit sue quan
Thuc hi4n nhdt qudn dudng ldi ddi ngogi doc lgp, f chit, hoa binh, hpp tdc va phdt triin fhttp://www cpv.or^.vn)
QUiin lai 40 ndnt quan lie. ^iel ~ ^hdp.... 87
trgng trong chinh sach doi ngoai cua
Viet Nam.
Vi vay, quan he hai nuoc Viet - Phap
nhat dinh se con bay xa hem, bay cao hon
trong thap ky toi de phii hgp voi moi quan he
hihi nghi truyen thong, hgp tac toan dien va
lau dai ciing nhu muc tieu ti§n tcri xay dimg
quan he doi tac chien lugc hai nuac
Viet - Phap.
- Chinh sdch quay trd lgi chdu A cua
Phdp du&i nhi§m ky Tong thong Francois
Hollande
Sau khi dac cir Tong thong Phap nhiem
ky (2012-2017), ong Hollande da nhanh
chong dua ra chinh sach quay tra lai chau A
cua Phap. Cu the; Ngay trong dien van nham
chiic ciia minh, tong thong Fran9ois
Hollande da tuyen bo: Nhat se la uu tien s6 1
cua Phap a chau A. Nam toi, ong Hollande
se cong du Nhat Ban va do se la chuyen cong
du chau A dau tien cua tong thong Hollande
neu xet ve quan he song phuong; Doi voi
Tnmg Quoc, nuoc Phap duoi thai tong thong
Hollande se tai thiic day quan he song
phuong voi trgng tam la thiet lap sir on dinh
trong quan he giiia hai nuoc dua tren ba
nguyen tac: "Ton trpng ldn nhau, co tinh
thdn trdch nhiem vd nguyen tdc co qua co lgi
trong quan he kinh te"... Ngoai ra, ong
Hollande cung chii trpng den cac nuoc Dong
Nam A, trong do co Viet Nam.
Nhu vay, chiing ta co the tin tuang va
hy vpng quan he Viet - Phap dudi thoi t6ng
thong canh ta Francois Hollande se dua quan
he hai nuac len tam cao mcri. Dac biet, nam
2013-2014 sap toi se la nam giao luu cheo
Viet- Phap, mpt chinh phu moi hinh thanh
diing vao thai diem nay se giiip tao nhiing
chuyen bien moi trong quan he hai nuac.
- Quan he hai nudc Viet-Phdp se tiep
tuc CO nhimg budc phdt Irien mdi di vdo
chieu sdu tren nen tdng doi idc chien lupc
Nam 2013 ciing la nam het sire quan
trgng doi vdi quan he hai nuac, do la "Ndm
giao liru Viet - Phdp" nhan dip ky niem 40
nam hai nuoc thiet lap quan he ngoai giao
(1973-2013). Cimg nhan dip nay, iSnh dao
hai nuoc Viet - Phap da nhat tri nang quan he
hai nuoc len tam quan he doi tac chien lupc.
Nhu vay, thai gian tai chac chac moi
quan he Viet-Phap dua tren lgi ich lau dai
cua hai dan tpc va be day hgp tac truyen
thong se tiep tuc co nhiing buoc phat trien
chat che hon nua.
- Trien vpng ve xuat k/iau hdng hod
Viet Nam sang Phdp
Trong nhiing nam qua, 10 loai hang hoa
ciia Viet Nam phai chiu thue chong ban pha
gia cua EU. Ciing nhu vay, tai Phap, thue
chong ban pha gia doi vai giay mii da da han
chl kim ngach xuat khau ciia Viet Nam. Tuy
nhien, ngay 31/3/2011 khi EU tuyen bo bo
NGHllN cau CHAU AU - EUROPEAN STUDIES REVIEW N°7 (154).2013
thul nay, da chinh thiic cham dirt ap dung
bien phap ch6ng ban pha gia 10% doi vai
giay mu da nhap khdu ciia Viet Nam. Chinh
dilu nay se la nhiing co hgi dl cho kim
ngach xixk khau cua Viet Nam sang Phap
tang len trong thoi gian toi. Mat khac, Phap
la mgt thi truang truyen th6ng va co dong
dao ngudi Viet Nam va cac cpng dgng goc
chau A tin nhiem va ua chupng cac san pham
ciia Viet Nam nhu hang may mac, giay thl
thao, gao, ca phe, ho tieu va thiiy san.,.
Nhu vay, co thl noi co hpi xuat khau
sang thi truang Phap ciia Viet Nam la rat Ion
va se tiep tuc tang trong thoi gian toi.
- Trien vpng thu hut von ddu tu nudc
ngodi cua Phdp vdo Viet Nam
Theo nhu ke hoach de ra trong thoi gian
tir 2011-2020, Viet Nam phai huy dpng dugc
von CO quy mo rat Ian nham cai thien moi
truang dau tu, phuc vu sir nghiep cong
nghiep hoa dat nuoc.
Nhu vay, de dat dugc ke hoach da de ra,
chac chan thoi gian toi Viet Nam phai khong
ngimg khuyen khich dau tu tir cac nuoc EU,
trong do Phap se la mgt doi tac ma Viet Nam
khong the bo qua dugc. Tinh den thoi diem
nam 2012; Phap la nha dau tu lan 6 chau Au
vao Viet Nam, diing thu hai sau Ha Lan vai
340 du an dau tu, tong tri gia hon 3 ti USD;
Nha tai trg lan cho Vict Nam vai cam ket
150 trieu USD trong nam 2012; D6i tac
thuang mai Ion vai kim ngach 2,8 ti USD
nam 2011 va hien nay dang co nhilu doanli
nghiep Phap huang den Viet Nam.
Nhu vay, co the noi trien vpng thu hiit
dhu tu ciia Phap vao Viet Nam trong thai
gian tai la rat sang sua va chac chan dau tu
ciia Phap se tang manh, tang nhanh hon bao
gio het.
- Lo'i the so sdnh vd tiem ndng kinh ti
cua hai nudc
Xet re quan he thuang mai: Phap la mot
nuac CO trinh dp phat trien khoa hpc-ky thuat
va cong nghe cao, c6 nhu cau nhap khau Ien
den 684 ti USD va xuSt khSu khoang 578,4 ti
USD nam 2011. Trong khi do, thi phan xuat
khau cua Viet Nam vao Phap con Ion /i
thuong mai Vict Nam Phap chi chiem
khoang 0,2% tong kim ngach ciia Phap va
kim ngach xuat khau ciia Phap vao Viet Nam
chi chilm khoang 3% nam 2011. Mat khac,
nhiing mat hang xuat khau ciia Phap co the
manh thupc cac nganh cong nghiep co khi,
che tao, hoa chat, giao thong van tai, hang
khong, dugc pham va dich vu co ham lugng
chat xam, gia tri gta tang Ion phii hgp vol
nhu cau nhap khau cua nin kinh tc Viet Nam
hien nay. Ngugc lai, Viet Nam la mgt nuoc
dang phat trien, co trinh do thdp, thi trucmg
tieu thu rpng Ion, nhiing mat hang xuat khau
ciia Viet Nam chu yeu la nguyen nhien lieu,
hang thil cong my nghe, giay dep, may mac,
Qlliin lai 40 ndm f/nnn lie <Diet - ^lidp.,,.
thuy san, ca phe, che, hat tieu... phii hgp voi
nhu cau nhap khau cda Phap hien nay.
Xel v(^ quan he ddu tu. Binh quan moi
nam tong so von dau tu ra nuoc ngoai ciia
Phap khoang 1.800 ti USD, giai doan 2007-
2011, dimg thir hai sau My. The nhimg hien
nay tong von dau tu vao Viet Nam tir truoc
den nay rat thap, khoang 3 ti USD. Viet Nam
la mpt nuoc: Co chinh tri va xa hgi on dinh,
khong CO tranh chap Iao dpng, co nguon lao
dgng tre lam viec cham chi, ham hpc va c6
ky luat, gia nhan cong re co tinh canh tranh
so voi cac dat nuac ben canh; Vi tri dia Iy
thuan Igi, co nguon tai nguyen thien nhien
phong phii (dau khi, bauxite, va cac khoang
san khac) va dang co nhu cau Ion ve von,
khoa hgc - cong nghe hien dai, dac biet la
nganh cong nghiep, djch vu, giao thong - van
tai, buu chinh - vien thong, khoa hgc - cong
nghe. Day la co hgi de cac nha dau tu Phap
phat huy nhiing lgi the ciia minh.
Nhu vay, quan he kinh te Viet - Phap
hien nay van chua phii hgp voi tiem nang va
lgi the ciia hai nuoc nhu Thii tucmg Phap
Francois Fillon trong chuyen tham Viet Nam
nSm 2009 da noi: "Se ddng tiec neu cdc
doanh nghiep Phdp bd la ca hdi ldm dn vdi
Viel Nam ". Dii hien la nuoc co vien trg song
phuang Ion thii hai cho Viet Nam voi t ing
gia tri khoang 300 trieu Euro/nam, nhung
Phap chi dung thir 13 trong bang xep hang
dau tu vao Viet Nam. Xet ve tiem luc va
quan he truyen thong, quan he kinh te nhu
vay la chua tuong xiing. Va thii tuong Fillon
neu cam nhan cua minh ve kinh te Viet Nam:
"Toi tin tudng Viet Nam se Id nudc mdt ndi
CO vi tri tren Irudng quoc le, Idl cd cdc thdnh
vien vd doanh nghiep Phdp cdn ddnh gid
dung mdc suphdt trien do "
Vi vay, trien vgng quan he hgp tac kinh
te hai nuoc thoi gian tai se can phat trien hon
niia de phu hop vdi tiem nang va lgi the so
sanh cua moi ben.
- Trien vpng ve vdn hda
Hai nuoc Viet - Phap co moi quan he
truyen thong lau doi, nhieu yeu to van hoa
ciia Phap co anh huang sau sac den nguai
Viet. Quan he hai nuac ngay nay dang phat
trien manh me, Phap la nuoc luon coi trgng
yeu to van hoa, quang ba nen van hoa ciia
minh. Viet Nam luon la doi tac uu tien trong
hgp tac van hoa ciia Phap va la thanh vien
ciia Cpng dong Phap ngii, vi vay o chau A,
Viet Nam la nuoc dugc nhan ho trg nhieu
nhat ve Hnh vuc van hoa a tat ca cac ITnh vuc
nhu dao tao dpi ngii nhan luc, dao tao tieng
Phap, hop tac nghe nhin, bieu dien nghe
thuat, cung cap hgc bong cho sinh vien
Viet Nam...
* http://www baomoi.com/Quan-he-kinh-te-Phap~ Viet-chua-tuong-xung-tiem-nang/45/3496737.epi
90 NGHIEN CLfU CHAU AU - EUROPEAN STUDIES REVIEW N°7 (154).2Q13
Tom lai, trai qua 40 nam quan he bang
giao, quan he Viet - Phap da gat hai nhiing
thanh tim hit siic to ldn, ngay nay dang buoc
vao mpt trang su moi chiia dung nhieu trien
vpng voi mgt tuang lai tuoi sang va dang tro
thanh dgng lire cho quan he A - Au, nhu tong
thong Chirac da noi: "Quan he Viet - Phdp
se la mot mdu muc tot dep a luang lai vd se
tra thdnh dong luc quan he A- Au. Tinh hOu
nghi Viet Phdp se la ngudn sinh luc vd
niem cdm hung cho su thdnh cong cua cupc
doi thogi giita hai chdu luc " . Va ngay nay,
quan he hai nuac dang tien din xay dung
moi quan he doi tac chien lugc tren co so
"quan he hiiu nghi truyen thong, hgp tac toan
dien, lau dai va tin cay".
Vi vay, chiing ta co the khang dinh quan
he Viet - Phap se phat trien manh me hem
niia va se nang len tam cao mdi trong thai
gian tdi de phu hgp vai nguyen vgng cua
chinh phli va nhan dan hai nuoc vi muc tieu
hoa binh, hgp tac, phat trien 6 khu vuc va thl
gioi.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Dang Cpng san Viet Nam (2011),
"Vdn kien Dgi hpi Dgi bieu todn qudc ldn
thuXI", NXB Chinh hi quoc gia. Ha Ngi.
1. Nguyen Quang Chien (1997), "Cpng
hod Phdp buc tranh todn cdnh", NXB
Chinh tri quoc gia. Ha Ngi.
2. Henrich Dahm: French and Japanese
Economic Relations With Vietnam Since
7975, Routledge, 1999.
3. Cahier, "La cooperation Franco-
Vietnamiene fails et chifres", N°2, Edition
2005.
4. Cahier, "La cooperation Franco-
Vietnamiene faits et chifres", N°2, Edition
2006.
5. Cahier, "La cooperation Franco-
Vietnamiene faits et chifres", N°l , Edition
2007.
6. Vo Minh Hiing (2010), Vi tri Viet
Nam trong Chinh sdch Chdu 4 mdi cm
Phdp, Tap chi Nghien cim Chau Au, sl 8
(119), fr.72-79.
7. Vo Minh Hiing (2011), Hogt dong
ddu tu true tiip nudc ngodi FDI cua Phdp
tgi Viet Nam, Tap chi Nghien cuu Chau Au,
s62(125), t r .67-79.
8. Vo Minh Hiing (2012), Vai tro cUa
Phdp trong viec phd vd thi bao vdv. cdm van
cua My vd cdc nudc phucmg Tdy
Nam nhimg ndm cudi thdp ky 8C
ky 90 thi ky XX, Tap chi Nghil
Au, s6 l l (146) , f r .70-79 .
' Bio Lao dQng (2004), "Viet Nam - Phdp chua bao gid gdn nhau nhu liic ndy", s6281, tr.l2.