Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Rungsinee Sothornvit
Department of Food Engineering
Kasetsart University, Kamphaengsaen
June 27, 2014
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
1. ฐานข้�อมูลในการสื�บค้�นบทค้วามูว�จั�ย
2. การเข้�ยนผลงานเพื่��อการตี�พื่�มูพื่�
เน� อหาท��น"าเสืนอ
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Research Toolฐานข้�อมู�ลสากลตามูที่��ส�าน�กงานคณะกรรมูการการอ�ดมูศึ�กษาแนะน�าให้�น�บเฉพาะ
ส#วนที่��เป็&นบที่ความูว'จั�ยได�แก# "research article", "letter" และ"review" มู�ด�งน�+1. ISI = http://apps.webofknowledge.com/UA_GeneralSearch_input.do?product=UA&SID=V1Vugjxlh7ceHYW4UfM&search_mode=GeneralSearch 2. MathSciNet = http://www.ams.org/mathscinet 3. ScienceDirect = http://www.sciencedirect.com/ 4. Agricola = http://agricola.nal.usda.gov/ 5. Biosis = http://www.biosis.org/ 6. Scopus = http://www.info.scopus.com/ 7. Pubmed = http://www.pubmed.gov/ 8. Academic Search Premier = http://www.ebsco.com/home/
9. Infotrieve = http://www.infotrieve.com 10. Ingenta Connect = http://www.ingentaconnect.com 11. Wilson = http://www.nova.edu/library/dils/lessons/wilsonweb/Etc.
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
http://stang.sc.mahidol.ac.th/text/paper.htm
เวปไซตี�ท��เป(นประโยชน�เก��ยวก�บวารสืารงานว�จั�ย
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication ฐานข้�อมูล ISI
พื่�มูพื่� URL: http://apps.webofknowledge.com/UA_GeneralSearch_input.do?product=UA&SID=V1Vugjxlh7ceHYW4UfM&search_mode=GeneralSearch
จัะปรากฏหน�าจัอดั�งน� Basic Search สืามูารถพื่�มูพื่�ค้"าค้�นหาผลงานว�จั�ยโดัยใช�ช��อ
เร��อง (topic) ช��อเร��อง (title) ช��อผ�
แตี.ง (author) รห�สืผ�แตี.ง (author identifier)* บรรณาธิ�การ (editor) กล1.มูผ�แตี.ง(group author) ช��อสื��ง พื่�มูพื่�(publication name) (DOI) ป2ท��ตี�พื่�มูพื่� (year published) หร�อท��
อย.ข้องผ�แตี.ง(address)
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
*รห�สืผ�แตี.ง (author identifier) Many authors have similar names . The Scopus Author Identifier distinguishes between these names by assigning each author in
Scopus a unique number and grouping together all of the documents written by
that author. Additionally, author names in Scopus can be formatted differently . For
example, the same author could appear in one document as Lewis, M; in another as L
ewis, M.J; and in another as Lewis, Michael . Scopus Author Identifier matc
hes the documents of this author and g roups these name variants together so
that authors, even if cited differently, a re identified with their specific papers.
This helps you find and recognize an author, despite variations in name spelling.
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
ในที่��น�+ข้อยกต�วอย#างการค�นห้าตามูชื่/�อผู้��แต#ง โดยใชื่�นามูสก�ลข้องผู้��แต#งเป็&นห้ล�ก โดยพ'มูพ2 Sothornvit ในชื่#อง AUTHOR แล�วกด Search
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
จั�านวนคร�+งข้องบที่ความูที่��ถู�กอ�างอ'ง
ช��อสืก1ล
ช��อตี�น ช��อผ�แตี.งท� งหมูดั
ช��อบทค้วามู
ช��อวารสืาร ฉบ�บท�� เล.มูท��
หน�าท��
เดั�อน ป2ท��ตี�พื่�มูพื่�
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
เมู/�อ click ไป็ที่��ชื่/�อบที่ความูว'จั�ย จัะแสดงข้�อมู�ลบที่ค�ดย#อ ด�งแสดง
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
ย�งสามูารถูน�าไป็ส�# Journal Citation Reports
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
ฐานข้�อมูล Science Directฐานข้�อมู�ล Science Direct และฐาน
ข้�อมู�ลอ/�นๆ จัะเป็&นฐานข้�อมู�ลเฉพาะที่��เก��ยวข้�องก�บส�าน�กพ'มูพ2น�+นๆ ซึ่��งอาจัไมู#ได�ข้�อมู�ลตรวจัสอบครบถู�วนเห้มู/อนฐานข้�อมู�ล ISI และอาจัไมู#มู�รายละเอ�ยดเก��ยวก�บจั�านวนคร�+งที่��ผู้ลงานต�พ'มูพ2ได�ร�บการอ�างอ'ง
การตรวจัสอบผู้ลงานว'จั�ยว#ามู�การต�พ'มูพ2ในฐานข้�อมู�ล Science Direct
1. พ'มูพ2 URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/ จัะป็รากฏห้น�าจัอด�งน�+
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publicationสามูารถูค�นห้าโดยการพ'มูพ2สาข้า (search all fields) ชื่/�อผู้��แต#ง (author name) ห้ร/อชื่/�อวารสารห้ร/อห้น�งส/อ (journal or book title) ที่��ต�องการค�นห้า ต�วอย#างเชื่#นค�นห้าด�วยชื่/�อผู้��แต#ง พ'มูพ2ค�าว#า Sothornvit ในชื่#อง author name แล�วกด ด�งน�+
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
สืามูารถ download full paper
มูหาว�ทยาล�ยจั.ายค้.าสืมูาช�ก
ผู้ล
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
search all fields ด�วยค�าว#า edible films and coatings จัะป็รากฏห้น�าจัอด�งน�+
ไมู#สามูารถู download ได�
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
ฐานข้�อมูล Scopusฐานข้�อมู�ล Scopus จัะรวบรวมูข้�อมู�ลจัาก
ที่�กแห้ล#งไมู#เฉพาะแต#ส�าน�กพ'มูพ2ใด ส�าน�กพ'มูพ2ห้น��ง จั�งกว�างกว#า และข้อกล#าวโดยย#อด�งน�+
1. พ'มูพ2 URL: http://www.scopus.com จัะป็รากฏห้น�าจัอด�งน�+
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
ค้�นหาไดั�จัากหลายแหล.ง
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
จัะไดั�ข้�อมูลมูากกว.า
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
ตีรวจัสือบการอ�างอ�งไดั�
ให�เล�อกท1กบทค้วามู
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
ตีรวจัสือบการอ�างอ�งไดั�ในแตี.ละป2 ข้องบทค้วามูท��ไดั�ตี�พื่�มูพื่�แล�ว
H-Index
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
ฐานข้�อมูลในเวปไซตี� SJRพ'มูพ2 URL: http://www.scimagojr.com/จัะป็รากฏห้น�าจัอด�งน�+
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
ฐานข้�อมูลในเวปไซตี� ห�องสืมู1ดั มูหาว�ทยาล�ยเกษตีรศาสืตีร�พ'มูพ2 URL: http://www.lib.ku.ac.th/web/index.php/th จัะป็รากฏห้น�าจัอด�งน�+
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
ฐานข้�อมูลในเวปไซตี� ห�องสืมู1ดั มูหาว�ทยาล�ยเกษตีรศาสืตีร�พ'มูพ2 URL: http://kasetsartunivlibrary.worldcat.org/ จัะป็รากฏห้น�าจัอด�งน�+
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
ฐานข้�อมูลตี.างๆ ในหน�าเวปไซตี� ประก�นค้1ณภาพื่ มูก.พ'มูพ2 URL: http://qa.ku.ac.th/webqaku/index1.html จัะป็รากฏห้น�าจัอด�งน�+
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
ฐานข้�อมูล PubMedฐานข้�อมู�ล PubMed อาจัไมู#อย�#ในกล�#มู
ว'ศึวกรรมูศึาสตร2ยกเว�นในบางสาข้าว'ชื่าที่��เก��ยวข้�องก�บที่างเกษตร อาห้ารห้ร/อที่างเคมู�เชื่'งล�ก แต#ค'ดว#าน#าจัะเป็&นป็ระโยชื่น2 จั�งข้อกล#าวโดยย#อด�งน�+
1. พ'มูพ2 URL: http://www.pubmed.gov/ จัะป็รากฏห้น�าจัอด�งน�+
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
พ'มูพ2ชื่/�อผู้��แต#งห้ร/อชื่/�อบที่ความู / ค�าส�าค�ญในส#วนข้อง Search ต�วอย#างเชื่#นค�นห้าด�วยชื่/�อผู้��แต#ง พ'มูพ2ค�าว#า Sothornvit แล�วกด Search ด�งน�+
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
จัะป็รากฏผู้ลด�งน�+
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Knowledge exists only if it is communicated.
Creating and disseminating knowledge is the fundamental goal of the academy.
Writing is the fundamental means of dissemination.
2. การเข้�ยนผลงานเพื่��อการตี�พื่�มูพื่�
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Selecting a JournalDetermine an appropriate journal
• Most journals have specific, targeted readers. • Each journal has its own specific style.• Instructions to authors often included in every issue.• Strictly follow the submission guidelines provided by the journal.
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Planning your articleDescribe research
• Explain problem or issue studied• Discuss research method• Describe data collected• Describe research findings• Explain implications
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Inform readers of research results precisely, concisely, and specifically
They shouldn’t have to read whole report to get essential points.
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Before writing, consider:• Why you are writing
• What you hope to achieve• Who you are writing for
These considerations will determine your
report’s content, organization, textual
and visual design
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Editor/Reviewer’s ViewPeer Review: What does editor look for when he/she reviews a manuscript?
• Is it NEW?
• Is it CORRECT (TRUE)?
• Is it INTERESTING?
• Are previous works (known ideas/important references) properly REFERENCED?
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Scientific article generally include these sections in this order:– Abstract– Introduction/Literature Review– Methodology (Materials and Methods)– Results and Discussion– Conclusion– Acknowledgements– References
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
TITLE: Make your title informative and specific
The title should be appropriate for the intended audience.
The title usually describes the subject matter of the article. Effect of Smoking on Academic Performance
Sometimes a title that summarizes the results is more effective. Students Who Smoke Get Lower Grades
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Author:
The person who did the work and wrote the paper is generally listed as the first author of a research paper.
For published articles, other people who made substantial contributions to the work are also listed as co-author.
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Abstract: informative and brief
• Briefly state the problem or purpose of the research
• Indicate the theoretical or experimental plan used
• Summarize the major findings
• And point out major conclusions
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Introduction: NO recipe
• What question did you ask in your experiment?
• Why is it interesting?
• The introduction summarizes the relevant literature so that the reader will understand why you were interested in the question you asked. One to four paragraphs should be enough.
• End with a sentence explaining the specific question you asked in this experiment.
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Introduction:
• How is your research significantly different from those described in other papers in the same subjects?
• The contribution of your paper to the advancement of knowledge in your field in particular and in science and technology in general.
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Introduction:
• What are major objectives of your paper?
• Draw and convince referee’s attention to your introduction on the importance of your research work.
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Methodology: Materials and Methods
• Use specific, informative language to allow another scientist to repeat your experiment
• A complicated protocol, include a diagram, table or flowchart to explain the methods you used
• Omit unwanted information
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Methodology:
• If you modified the method, say exactly what would be the difference you did, even a minor thing.
• Mention relevant ethical considerations
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Results and Discussion: Results: Visually and textually represents research findings
• Visual representation of results:– Graphs, tables, diagrams, charts
• Explanatory text:– Text points out the most significant portions of research
findings – Indicates key trends or relationships– Highlights expected and/or unexpected findings
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Discussion:– Assesses and comments on research
results– Includes:
• Explanation for Results– Comments on unexpected results, offering hypothesis
for them
• Comparison to literature– Does your research confirm previous studies? Deviate
from them?
• Explanation for how info can be applied in broader context
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Discussion:
Recommend
• Using figures instead of tables (One picture is indeed better than a thousand words.)
• Recognize the importance of negative results. (Don’t automatically conclude that the experiment is a failure or that you’ve made a mistake.)
Breaking a new ground
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Conclusion:Summary:
• What was learned through research?• What remains to be learned?• Weaknesses and shortcomings of study!• Strengths of study!• Possible applications of study (how it can be
used)• Recommendations
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Conclusion: 3 R
Restate: more clearly or convincingly
Recap: give a summary of the main points of a discussion
Recommend & benefit
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Acknowledgement:
This section is optional. You can thank those who either helped with the experiments, or made other important contributions, such as discussing the protocol, commenting on the manuscript, or buying you food.
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
References (Literature Cited)
• Use APA or other specified format for documentation
• Check online for style guides– http://www.apastyle.org/
• Check journals for format info
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
• Citing:– Shows your credibility as a researcher– Gives proper credit to authors and
researchers– Protects you from accusations of plagiarism
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Language and Vocabulary
Be straightforward and concise
Use simple terms, not jargon and technical terms
Keep sentences short and simple (20 words max)
Be specific and not general• Use concrete numbers and metaphors
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Tips:
1. Writing well: Short is always better than long.
2. Verb tense: Past and present tenses
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
Verb tense: NO recipe
Introduction & Discussion: Present tense
Abstract, Materials and Methods, Results:
Past tense
Writing a Scientific Paper for Publication
• Writing is a process.
• Writing a publishable article take time, patience, and planning.
• Let your article cool for several days.
• Reread, revise and ask a colleague in your field to read your article.
Rungsinee Sothornvit