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2. u 5.1 MODEM 5.1.1 modems. 5.1.2 DTE DCE. 5.1.3 . 5.1.4 , . 5.1.5 .u 5.2 .u 5.3 .u 5.4 . 5.4.1 .u 5.5 .u 5.6 .u 5.7 . 5.7.1 . 5.7.2 . 5.7.3 . 5.7.4 . 5.7.5 . 5.7.6 . 3. 5.1 MODEMu modem modulator demodulator ( ).u (Data Communication Equipment DCE) , (/) (Data Terminal Equipment DTE). 11/22/2012 1708 1708 3 4. 5.1 MODEM 11/22/2012 1708 17084 5. 5.1 MODEMu modem , () 1000 2000 z (data) /.u (, , ).u modem 2 .u (300 3000 z (2700 Hz). 11/22/201217081708 5 6. 5.1 MODEMu , , , Nyquist 9600 bps 4 .u .u .u Modem From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediau 1964 Antique MODEM Live Demou The Sound of dial up Internet 11/22/2012170817086 7. 5.1.1 modemsu modem .u bit sec bps baud.u , (), modems.u V92 56 Kbps download() 48 Kbps upload ().u List of dialup speeds From Wikipedia 11/22/2012 1708 1708 7 8. 5.1.1 modems 11/22/2012170817088 9. 5.1.1 modems 11/22/2012170817089 10. 5.1.1 modemsu . . . , ISP. 11/22/2012 1708 1708 10 11. 5.1.2 DTE DCEu DTE DCE , , OSI.u : RS-232C. EIA/TIA. V.24,( ) V.28( ). CCITT ITU. RS-449. 11/22/2012 1708 170811 12. 5.1.2 DTE DCE 11/22/20121708170812 13. 5.1.2 DTE DCEu / . DTR=1.u DCE . DSR=1.u modem . CD=1u / . RTS=1u modem. CTS=1u TD.u RDu SG . 11/22/2012 1708 170813 14. 5.1.3 (Flow Control)u , DTE & DCE, .u , DTE DCE modem DCE.u DCE .u , DTE. 11/22/20121708170814 15. 5.1.3 (Flow Control)u :u XON/XOFFu , , (software) (in-band) (logical).u AS (Stop) AR (start/Restart) . 11/22/201217081708 15 16. 5.1.3 (Flow Control)uRTS/CTSu , , (hardware) (physical) (out-band).u DTE RTS.u DCE CTSu modem (binary) , XON/XOFF, AS,AR Modem . 11/22/201217081708 16 17. 5.1.4 (Error Correction), (Data Compression)u , (bits) .u () DTE & DCE.u , bits , .u , .u () . 11/22/201217081708 17 18. 5.1.4 (Error Correction), (Data Compression)u : V.42 MNP class 1 10.u : V.42 bis MNP class 5.u : . modems. . 11/22/2012 1708 170818 19. 5.1.4 (Error Correction), (Data Compression)u , , (..Format zip ) modem, .u , modem MNP5 .u V.42bis . 11/22/20121708170819 20. 5.1.5 u DTE modem AT.u , modem.u , Hyperlink Terminal Windows.u , modem, S .u S modem , (default configuration) modem.u modem. 11/22/2012 1708 1708 20 21. 5.1.5 u modem.u , , modem.u modem .u modem , .u Hayes command set From Wikipedia, the freeencyclopediau Serial Programming/Modems and AT Commandswikibooks 11/22/201217081708 21 22. 5.2 (Network Interface Cards NICs)u DTE, PC / , BUS /, bits / .u , Ethernet, . 11/22/20121708170822 23. 5.2 (Network Interface Cards NICs)u Ethernet Ethernet, (.. PCI PCIExpress).u http://www.asus.com/Motherboards/u , .u .u 10/100/1000 Mbit/s. 10, 100 1000 Megabits . 11/22/201217081708 23 24. 5.2 (Network Interface Cards NICs) 11/22/20121708170824 25. 5.2 (Network Interface Cards NICs)u Ethernet 48-bits MAC (ROM) .u MAC. , Institute of Electrical andElectronics Engineers (IEEE) . 11/22/20121708170825 26. 5.2 (Network Interface Cards NICs)u PC, 8,16 32 bits.u bits bus , , , .u . 11/22/20121708170826 27. 5.2 (Network Interface Cards NICs)u (driver), /, / .u plug-n-play (PnP). / .u Network interface controller From Wikipedia, the freeencyclopedia 11/22/20121708170827 28. 5.2 (Network Interface Cards NICs) 11/22/20121708170828 29. 5.3 (Repeaters HUBs)u HUB (Ethernet hub,active hub, network hub, repeater hub, , ) OSI.u .u , .u , .u . 11/22/20121708170829 30. 5.3 (Repeaters HUBs) 11/22/201217081708 30 31. 5.3 (Repeaters HUBs)u HUB .u HUB BNC .u Ethernet, switches HUB .u HUB , .u .u HUB . 11/22/201217081708 31 32. 5.3 (Repeaters HUBs) 11/22/201217081708 32 33. 5.3 (Repeaters HUBs)u HUB .u 5-4-3.u (5) (4) HUB (3) . 11/22/201217081708 33 34. 5.3 (Repeaters HUBs) 11/22/201217081708 34 35. 5.4 (Bridges)u (bridging) /.u (routing) .u .u (MAC) . 11/22/2012 1708 170835 36. 5.4 (Bridges)u , , 2 OSI ( ).u (MAC) , .u , .u , . 11/22/20121708170836 37. 5.4 (Bridges) 11/22/20121708170837 38. 5.4 (Bridges) 11/22/20121708170838 39. 5.4 (Bridges)u , , , .u , , , .u , , store and forward.u , , . ( 5.4.3). 11/22/2012 1708 1708 39 40. 5.4 (Bridges) Setting Up Network Bridge in Windows XP 11/22/2012 1708 170840 41. 5.4 (Bridges)u .u (broadcast multicast) .u IEEE , MAC LLC.u MAC, LLC. 11/22/201217081708 41 42. 5.4 (Bridges) 43. 5.4.1 u .1) (Transparent Bridges or Spanning tree bridges).2) (Source route bridges).3) (Translating bridges).4) (Encapsulation bridges). 11/22/20121708 170843 44. 5.4.1 ()u Digital EquipmentCorporation.u , 1, 2 OSI.u spanningtree.u (forwardingtable), MAC , , . 11/22/2012 1708 170844 45. 5.4.1 () 11/22/2012 1708 170845 46. 5.4.1 ()u , , , , .u , , MAC .u ( , broadcast, multicast), , , . 11/22/201217081708 46 47. 5.4.1 ()u (flooding).u .u .u ( ), . 11/22/2012 1708 170847 48. 5.4.1 ()u (aging time period) , , MAC , .u : Learning Flooding Filtering Forwarding Aging 11/22/201217081708 48 49. 5.4.1 ()u spanning tree.u .u , , .u . 11/22/2012 1708 1708 49 50. 5.4.1 () 11/22/2012 1708 170850 51. 5.4.1 ()u , .u , .Greedy Algorithms ForA Minimum SpanningTree 11/22/2012 1708 170851 52. 5.4.1 ( )u (source routebridges) IBM (token ring).u , .u .u .u , . 11/22/2012 1708 1708 52 53. 5.4.1 ( ) 11/22/201217081708 53 54. 5.4.1 ()u (Translating bridge) , (. token ring Ethernet).u .u , , , . 11/22/2012 1708 170854 55. 5.4.1 () 11/22/2012 1708 1708 55 56. 5.4.1 ()u (encapsulation bridges). 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(switches routers)u ethernet,(ethernet swithes) . 11/22/201217081708 58 59. 5.5 (Swithes)u , , HUB. /, HUB, switch (router).u , , hub, (shared ethernet).u switch ( hub).u broadcast, multicast switch.u spanning tree. 11/22/20121708170859 60. 5.5 (Swithes) 11/22/2012 1708 170860 61. 5.5 (Swithes)u switch (unicast ), switch MAC .u Difference between a Hub and a Switch byKhurram Tanvir VIDEO.u , . 11/22/2012 1708 1708 61 62. 5.5 (Swithes) 11/22/2012 1708 170862 63. 5.5 (Swithes)u switch store and forward, cut-through.u MAC .u store and forward (frame check sequence, FCS) . 11/22/2012 1708 1708 63 64. 5.5 (Swithes)u cut-through store and forward.u switch chip (hardware) (software).u switches hubs , .u switches . 11/22/2012 1708 1708 64 65. 5.5 (Swithes) 11/22/2012 1708 170865 66. 5.5 (Swithes)u firewall .u . 11/22/2012 1708 170866 67. 5.5 (Swithes)u switches (Virtual LANS VLANS).u .u .. .u .u .u broadcast VLAN . 11/22/201217081708 67 68. 5.5 (Swithes) 11/22/2012 1708 170868 69. 5.5 (Swithes)u , VLAN, , switch 3 OSI.u VLANs :u MAC . MAC VLAN. , . 11/22/2012 1708 1708 69 70. 5.5 (Swithes)u switches. switches VLANs.u MAC switch , MAC VLAN .u . 11/22/2012 1708 170870 71. 5.5 (Swithes)u 3 . .. IP TCP/IP.u switch 3.u , , .u . 11/22/2012 1708 1708 71 72. 5.5 (Swithes)u Network switch From Wikipedia, the freeencyclopedia.u Virtual LAN From Wikipedia, the freeencyclopediau Network Switching Tutorialu Virtual Local Area Networks 11/22/2012 1708 1708 72 73. 5.6 (Routers)u 3 OSI.u (MAC), .u ... IP.u , . 11/22/2012 1708 170873 74. 5.6 (Routers) 11/22/20121708170874 75. 5.6 (Routers)u , LAN WAN .u LAN MODEM(modem router).u .u .u : , . 11/22/2012 1708 1708 75 76. 5.6 (Routers) 11/22/20121708170876 77. 5.6 (Routers)u .u .u , , , , . 11/22/20121708170877 78. 5.6 (Routers) 11/22/20121708170878 79. 5.6 (Routers)u , , , bit , , .u , (drop), (accept), (log) , .u VIDEO THE DOWN OF THE NET 11/22/2012 1708 170879 80. 5.7 u , .u , , .u :u (horizontal wiringstructure).u (backbone wiring structure).u EIA/TIA-568-A. ( 568-.2) 11/22/201217081708 80 81. 5.7.1 u , . ( ).u /.u (station cable). 90.u / () (user cord) 3 . 11/22/2012 1708 1708 81 82. 5.7.1 11/22/20121708170882 83. 5.7.1 11/22/20121708170883 84. 5.7.1 11/22/20121708170884 85. 5.7.1 11/22/20121708170885 86. 5.7.1 u (Patch cords) 2 .u (Equipmentcords) 2 .u 100 .u RJ-45 , () (). 11/22/2012 1708 170886 87. 5.7.1 11/22/20121708170887 88. 5.7.1 HorizontalCable Length Calculation11/22/201217081708 88 89. 5.7.1 11/22/20121708170889 90. 5.7.1 u (station outlet).u () , .u RJ-45 8 (pins) .u 8 , .u IDC (Insulation Displacement Connector). 11/22/2012 1708 1708 90 91. 5.7.1 11/22/20121708170891 92. 5.7.1 11/22/20121708170892 93. 5.7.1 u , , (Punch down) .u .u / 568 , 568- 568-. .u . 11/22/2012 1708 170893 94. 5.7.1 11/22/20121708170894 95. 5.7.1 11/22/20121708170895 96. 5.7.1 11/22/20121708170896 97. 5.7.1 11/22/20121708170897 98. 5.7.1 11/22/20121708170898 99. 5.7.1 u , .u , .u , 5 .u 10 .u . 11/22/201217081708 99 100. 5.7.1 Cable ManagementSolutions from Schneider ElectricBeast CablingVideo .Yellowduct Halogen FreeFiber Optic Ducts 11/22/201217081708 100 101. 5.7.1 u (patch panel), , .u / .u IDC.u IDC.u . . 11/22/2012 1708 1708101 102. 5.7.1 11/22/201217081708102 103. 5.7.1 11/22/201217081708103 104. 5.7.1 11/22/201217081708104 105. 5.7.1 11/22/201217081708105 106. 5.7.1 u (Rack) () , .u , .u ( ).u . 11/22/2012 1708 1708106 107. 5.7.1 11/22/201217081708107 108. 5.7.1 u Structured cabling From Wikipedia, the freeencyclopediau siemon (USA CANADA). NetworkCabling Solutionsu Cable management From Wikipedia, the freeencyclopedia StructuredCabling 11/22/2012 1708 1708 108 109. 5.7.2 u (Backbone Cabling) , .u , 25 50 100 .u 90 . 11/22/2012 1708 1708109 110. 5.7.2 111. 5.7.2 11/22/2012 1708 1708111 112. 5.7.2 11/22/2012 1708 1708112 113. 5.7.3 u .u ( ).u , (puntchdown block) , (cross connect cables) .u , , 300 .u IDC . 11/22/2012 1708 1708113 114. 5.7.3 11/22/2012 1708 1708 114 115. 5.7.3 Siemon 66 Block S66 with ModularJacks 11/22/2012 1708 1708 115 116. 5.7.3 u .u , .u , patch cords .u , . 11/22/201217081708 116 117. 5.7.3 11/22/2012 1708 1708 117 118. 5.7.3 How to punch down a25 pair cable to a 66block 11/22/2012 1708 1708118 119. 5.7.4 u ( ).u () .u 100 , 100 .u (Equipment cords) 2 . 11/22/2012 1708 1708119 120. 5.7.4 11/22/2012 1708 1708120 121. 5.7.5 u , 100 (HUB) .u , , , .u .u . . 11/22/2012 1708 1708 121 122. 5.7.5 Installing PigtailedModules, CCH Panelsin a CCH 01U Connector Housing 11/22/2012 1708 1708122 123. 5.7.5 Fiber Optic Patch Panel 11/22/2012 1708 1708123 124. 5.7.5 Splicing 250 m Fiber in aSplice Tray for Rack Mount Housings(M67 048) 11/22/201217081708124 125. 5.7.5 Splicing fibersusing Fitel S183 Fusion Splicer (tutorial)FiberOpticConnectorTypes 11/22/201217081708125 126. 5.7.5 Fiber OpticHow to Clean How to Termination How Fiber Optic Terminateto terminate fiber ConnectorsFiber Optic optic cable usingNetwork Giganet Fibre Optic connectorsCable Fiber OpticLaying FiberCleaning Optic Under SeaInspection FerruleCableConnector Cleaner Microscope 11/22/201217081708126 127. 5.7.5 u Darlas sau Optical fiber connector From Wikipedia,the free encyclopediau Optical fiber cable From Wikipedia, thefree encyclopedia 11/22/201217081708127 128. 5.7.6 u , ( ) 5, 5.u , , , , , .u , . 11/22/201217081708128 129. 5.7.6 u , , , (NEXT,FEXT) ...u / 568-.u , .u . 11/22/201217081708129 130. 5.7.6 u , , , PatchCords, , , , ...u .u .u Transmission Performance Specifications for FieldTesting of Unshielded Twisted Pair CablingSystems, TSB-67. (TSB-40) 11/22/2012 1708 1708130 131. 5.7.6 u .u (Basic Link Testing) (Channel Testing).u .u user, equipment patch cords. 11/22/2012 1708 1708131 132. 5.7.6 11/22/2012 1708 1708132 133. 5.7.6 11/22/2012 1708 1708133 134. 5.7.6 11/22/2012 1708 1708134 135. 5.7.6 u , , Time DomainReflectometer, TDR.u TDR , .u , .u , , , , . 11/22/2012 1708 1708135 136. 5.7.6 11/22/2012 1708 1708136 137. 5.7.6 u Time-domain reflectometer From Wikipedia,the free encyclopedia.u TDR, OTDR.u TSB-67 Training. 11/22/2012 1708 1708137 138. 5.7.6 u , NEXT, .u .u Optical TimeDomain Reflectometer, OTDR. . 11/22/2012 1708 1708138 139. 5.7.6 u Optical time-domain reflectometer FromWikipedia, the free encyclopedia 11/22/2012 1708 1708139 140. 5.7.6 How to Use aFluke DTXReading an1800 Cable OTDR Trace Analyzer AirCheck Wi FiTester from Fluke Networks Refwin.exe 11/22/2012 1708 1708 140