Basic electricity

ELECTRICITYELECTRICITY

Value of Value of mains supply mains supply = 230V= 230V


Fuse is used as a Fuse is used as a safety devicesafety device

Prevents too much Prevents too much current flowing in current flowing in

circuit.circuit.


Power of Power of appliances appliances

measured in measured in watts (W)watts (W)


Plug wires – coloursPlug wires – coloursLive – brownLive – brown

Neutral – blueNeutral – blueEarth – green/yellowEarth – green/yellowFuse in live positionFuse in live position


Double insulation – no Double insulation – no earth wire required as earth wire required as casing of appliance is casing of appliance is plastic –non conductorplastic –non conductor


Human being is a Human being is a conductor of electricity conductor of electricity

so do not touch wires ,do so do not touch wires ,do not come into contact not come into contact

with water with with water with electricity.electricity.

ElectricityElectricityPARTS OF THE RADIOPARTS OF THE RADIO

1. AERIAL - PICKS UP ALL 1. AERIAL - PICKS UP ALL SIGNALSSIGNALS

2. TUNER – SELECTS ONE 2. TUNER – SELECTS ONE PARTICULAR SIGNALPARTICULAR SIGNAL

TELECOMTELECOM 3.3. DECODER – DECODER –

SEPARATES CARRIER SEPARATES CARRIER WAVE FROM AUDIO WAVEWAVE FROM AUDIO WAVE4. AMPLIFIER – MAKES 4. AMPLIFIER – MAKES BIGGER COPY OF AUDIO BIGGER COPY OF AUDIO

WAVEWAVE

TELECOMTELECOM5. BATTERY – SUPPLIES 5. BATTERY – SUPPLIES

ENERGY TO AMPLIFIERENERGY TO AMPLIFIER6. LOUDSPEAKER – 6. LOUDSPEAKER – CHANGES ELECTRICAL CHANGES ELECTRICAL

ENERGY TO SOUND ENERGY TO SOUND ENERGYENERGY

TELECOMTELECOMCOLOUR MIXINGCOLOUR MIXING

3 PRIMARY COLOURS – 3 PRIMARY COLOURS – RED , GREEN , BLUE RED , GREEN , BLUE

TOGETHER MAKE WHITETOGETHER MAKE WHITE

TELECOMTELECOMRED AND GREEN GIVE RED AND GREEN GIVE

YELLOW.YELLOW.RED AND BLUE GIVE RED AND BLUE GIVE

MAGENTAMAGENTAGREEN AND BLUE GIVE GREEN AND BLUE GIVE

CYANCYAN

TELECOMTELECOMGEOSTATIONARY GEOSTATIONARY

SATELLITES ARE AT A SATELLITES ARE AT A HEIGHT OF 36 , 000Km HEIGHT OF 36 , 000Km

ABOVE THE EARTHABOVE THE EARTHTHEY HAVE A 24 HR THEY HAVE A 24 HR

ORBITORBIT

TELECOMTELECOMSIGNALS ARE MICROWAVE SIGNALS ARE MICROWAVE AND TRAVEL IN A AND TRAVEL IN A STRAIGHT LINE TO AND STRAIGHT LINE TO AND FROM THE SATELLITE.THEY FROM THE SATELLITE.THEY CANNOT CURVE IN THE CANNOT CURVE IN THE EARTH`S ATMOSPHEREEARTH`S ATMOSPHERE

TELECOMTELECOMOPTICAL FIBRES USED OPTICAL FIBRES USED TO CARRY INFORMATION TO CARRY INFORMATION

BY TOTAL INTERNAL BY TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION. LIGHT REFLECTION. LIGHT

TRAVELS AT A SPEED OF TRAVELS AT A SPEED OF 200 , 000 , 000 M/S200 , 000 , 000 M/S

ELECTRICITYELECTRICITY EQUATIONSEQUATIONS

Q = I x TQ = I x TV = I x RV = I x R P = I x VP = I x V P = E / tP = E / t

P = VP = V22 / R / R P = IP = I22RR RRTT = R = R1 1 + R+ R22

1 /R1 /RTT = 1/R = 1/R11 + 1/R + 1/R22

ELECTRICITYELECTRICITY RULES FOR SERIES AND PARALLEL RULES FOR SERIES AND PARALLEL

CIRCUITSCIRCUITS VOLTAGE SPLITS UP IN A SERIES CIRCUITVOLTAGE SPLITS UP IN A SERIES CIRCUIT CURRENT STAYS THE SAME IN A SERIES CURRENT STAYS THE SAME IN A SERIES

CIRCUITCIRCUIT VOLTAGE STAYS THE SAME IN A PARALLEL VOLTAGE STAYS THE SAME IN A PARALLEL

CIRCUITCIRCUIT CURRENT SPLITS UP IN A PARALLEL CURRENT SPLITS UP IN A PARALLEL

CIRCUITCIRCUIT

ELECTRICITYELECTRICITY VOLTMETERS MEASURE VOLTAGE VOLTMETERS MEASURE VOLTAGE AND GO ACROSS THE COMPONENTAND GO ACROSS THE COMPONENT

AMMETERS MEASURE CURRENT AND AMMETERS MEASURE CURRENT AND ARE WIRED IN SERIES WITH THE ARE WIRED IN SERIES WITH THE

COMPONENTS.COMPONENTS. CIRCUIT COMPONENTS INCLUDE CIRCUIT COMPONENTS INCLUDE

RESISTORS , BULBS ETC.RESISTORS , BULBS ETC.

ELECTRICITYELECTRICITY MAINS ELECTRICITYMAINS ELECTRICITY

WIRES IN THREE PIN PLUGWIRES IN THREE PIN PLUG 1.1. BROWN LIVEBROWN LIVE 2. BLUE NEUTRAL2. BLUE NEUTRAL

3. GREEN / YELLOW EARTH3. GREEN / YELLOW EARTH FUSE IS A SAFETY DEVICE WIRED IN THEFUSE IS A SAFETY DEVICE WIRED IN THE

LIVE PINLIVE PIN EARTH WIRE NOT NEEDED FOR DOUBLE EARTH WIRE NOT NEEDED FOR DOUBLE

INSULATED APPLIANCES , THEY HAVE A INSULATED APPLIANCES , THEY HAVE A PLASTIC CASINGPLASTIC CASING

ELECTRICITYELECTRICITY MAINS ELECTRICITYMAINS ELECTRICITY

THREE TYPES OF CIRCUITTHREE TYPES OF CIRCUIT 1. THE LIGHTING CIRCUIT 15A FUSE1. THE LIGHTING CIRCUIT 15A FUSE 2. 2.

THE RING MAINS CIRCUIT 30A FUSETHE RING MAINS CIRCUIT 30A FUSE 3.3. THE COOKER CIRCUIT 45A FUSETHE COOKER CIRCUIT 45A FUSE

ALL ARE WIRED IN PARALLEL IF ONE ALL ARE WIRED IN PARALLEL IF ONE GOES OUT THE OTHERS STAY ON GOES OUT THE OTHERS STAY ON

LESS WIRE USED SO MONEY IS SAVEDLESS WIRE USED SO MONEY IS SAVED

ELECTRICITYELECTRICITY ELECTRIC MOTORSELECTRIC MOTORS

COIL OF WIRE CARRYING CURRENT COIL OF WIRE CARRYING CURRENT SURROUNDED BY A PAIR OF SURROUNDED BY A PAIR OF

MAGNETSMAGNETS THE MORE TURNS ON THE COIL AND THE MORE TURNS ON THE COIL AND

THE STRONGER THE MAGNET , THE THE STRONGER THE MAGNET , THE FASTER THE COIL GOES.FASTER THE COIL GOES.

ELECTRICITYELECTRICITY TWO COILS OF WIRE WITH AN IRON TWO COILS OF WIRE WITH AN IRON

CORE , THE PRIMARY COIL AND THE CORE , THE PRIMARY COIL AND THE SECONDARY COILSECONDARY COIL

TRANSFORMERSTRANSFORMERS NNPP /N /NSS = V = VPP / V / VSS

IIPP x V x VPP = I = ISS x V x VSS

HEALTHHEALTH TYPES OF THERMOMETERTYPES OF THERMOMETER

1. THE LAB THERMOMETER1. THE LAB THERMOMETER 2. 2. THE CLINICAL THERMOMETER BOTH THE CLINICAL THERMOMETER BOTH

LIQUID IN GLASS THERMOMETERSLIQUID IN GLASS THERMOMETERS 3. 3. THE DIGITAL THERMOMETERTHE DIGITAL THERMOMETER

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LAB AND DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LAB AND CLINICAL THERMOMETERS, CLINICAL THERMOMETERS,

SIZE,SCALE, MAGNIFIER IN CLINICAL SIZE,SCALE, MAGNIFIER IN CLINICAL THERMOMETER,KINKTHERMOMETER,KINK

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Basic electricity