Bristol ShoppingINTRODUCTION

Bristol city centre is the

commercial, cultural and business

centre of Bristol,England

Bristol’s shopping has developed

through time from the 1900’s to

present day

1900’s- Broadmead and Fairfax

Street

In the 1900’s, shopping in Bristol

started as just one street between

Broadmead and Fairfax street

This street contained shops for

everyone’s basic needs

Some of these shops are:

Woolworths

Boots

Lewis’s

Millet’s

1991- The Galleries

The Galleries , is a shopping

mall situated in the Broadmead

shopping centre in Bristol City

centre, England. Functioning as

one of the city's retail malls, it is a

three-storey building, which spans

over Fairfax Street, where buildings

used to include a large

Woolworths and Millets, across to

the former site of Fairfax House

where the Galleries car park now

stands.

1998- Cribbs Causeway

Cribbs Causeway is a road

in South Gloucestershire, England,

just north of Bristol, which has given

its name to the surrounding area,

a large out-of-town shopping

centre, including retail parks and

an enclosed shopping centre

known as The Mall

The Mall comprises 130 shops on

two levels, although some of the

large stores occupy more levels.

Major stores include anchors John

Lewis and Marks & Spencer

plus BHS, Boots, H&M, Next, River

Island and Topshop/Topman.

2008- Cabots Circus

Cabot Circus is a shopping centre

in Bristol, England. It is adjacent to

Broadmead, a shopping district

in Bristol city centre. The Cabot

Circus development area contains

shops, offices, a cinema, hotel

and 250 apartments.

It opened in September 2008, after

a ten-year planning and building

project costing £500 million

Why has shopping changed in

Bristol?

Bristol’s shopping had changed

over time due to the council

wanting to redevelop the city

centre and to attract new

shoppers, businesses and tourists.

Brings hundreds of new jobs,

makes the city look more

attractive, helps the culture of

Bristol, helps the economy

A changing distribution

and complex consumer

landscapes

GROUP 1 – LAUREN, FRANKIE AND FINLEY

Pattern of Shops and Services

Shop distribution depends on accessibility

Where consumers come from -catchment area.

Shops and services have to make a profit

Pyramid of hierarchy now and then

A Changing Distribution

Have a more complex distribution of shops

Car parking problems in city centres

Distribution of shopping has changed

Complex Consumer Landscapes

Consumer landscape has become very complex.

Petrol stations now sell food and superstores now sell petrol.

Areas have changed in order to suit consumer demand.

Shopping malls have now been built on the edge of cities and further into the countryside

This change has now effected the distribution of older shops

Markets and car boot sales

GROUP 2

IMOGEN, ELEANOR AND

CHELSIE

What are car boot sales? Car boots are where groups of people join

together to sell unwanted items

For example, Cheddar is a popular car boot

location because it’s a central point for all of the

surrounding area to join together

People bring tables and set up their tables to

display what they have to sell to hopefully find a

buyer.

Markets and car boot salesAnother change has been in the growth of farmers’ markets, often

set up for a few days inside a big local shopping centre.

This has become popular because many people are concerned

about the environmental effects of shopping and how their food

has been produced, and where it has come from.

Car boot sales on farmers fields are another way in which people

can buy and sell goods.

Why do people go to car

boot sales? People go to car boot sales to grab a bargain and beat the

high street prices, with the prices in shops rising the best option

is to visit markets and car boots. Car boots are an easy way to

pick up and sell almost anything you want.

Not only is a day at the car boot a good social to meet with

other people with similar interests, it is also one of the best ways

to get rid of unwanted items. You’re almost guaranteed to find

something you like!

AdvantagesGood way of getting rid of unwanted items

A lot of opportunities to sell

Cheaper than retail prices

Can find unusual items that might not be in

shops Meeting new people

Good experience for the future (Buying, Selling & Pricing)

DisadvantagesFake items being sold as real branded items

Not guaranteed to find what you’re looking

for

Not as popular now due to internet shopping

You don’t fully know the quality of the items

Growth in car bootsCar boot sales have become more popular because more

people want to see if they can beat the high street prices,

also people can sell their unwanted items and maybe grab

something unusual too.

Car boots are a great way of finding antiques and very

unusual items that can’t be found in the high street.

Car boot sales are getting busier so they are under-cutting

legitimate businesses.

Closing Post

Offices BY TOM AND ZOE…….. GROUP 3

Post Offices

Post Offices are a very important service

Post Office is also a business:

Forced to close when they don’t make any profit

Not needed for money handling-people use internet or banks instead

Many small shops rely on their Post Office part of the business to bring in customers

Closures

Number of POs almost halved over past 30 years-numbers have been stable over past few years

Post Office Ltd separated from Royal Mail Group Ltd, 1st April 2012

7,000 POs closed between 1984 and 2007-dropping numbers from 22,000 to 13,500 nationally

In 2007 government planned to close 2,500 more

11,696 nationally at the end of 2014

We are

here

Key

Small post

office :

Depot :

With only 6

post offices

under the post

code BS40.

compared to

a greater

London post

code witch

turned up 18

hits this shows

that post

offices in rural

village

communities

are dying out .

Why do they close?

Government say: closures are part of recent ‘transformation’

Branches can’t earn enough profit

Can’t be funded

2003- Benefits Books scrapped, lose 40% branch revenue

Post Office loses services-right to provide TV licences, stamps available to print online (2006)

Postmasters retire-no one to fill jobs

Effects Although statistically very accessible many left without access-

especially elderly

Many POs now operate within shops(local shops, WHSmith) , rather than individual branches- can only provide basic services

Remaining branches ‘left to survive as best they can’

Post Office spokesman told Financial Mail: ‘We are undertaking the biggest business transformation programme in the history of the Post Office.

‘No plans to help Post Offices after 2015’ – Sian Jones, Communication Workers Union

‘If no retail partner is found, we are committed to maintaining a Crown post office in the area.’ – Post Office spokesman

Quotes-Financial

Mail on Sunday

CLONE TOWN SHOPS

BY ARCHIE, SAM AND TASHI

Clone town shops are the same national chains, shops and cafes.

They are now in most UK towns and cities

This takes away from the individual character of each town and

gives them the name ‘clone towns’.

Bristol is just the same

with a marks and

spencer ,carphone

warehouse and boots.

Positives and negatives

Negatives:Chain stores are driving out small shops in towns across the UK.

Four out of 10 of the nation's high streets are clone towns.

A lot of towns look the same and could be mistaken for each other.

Since 2ooo,about 2000 small local shops have closed in the UK.

Positives:Some people enjoy the choice of goods and competitive prices

offered by chain stores.

A lot of towns can be visited with people knowing they will have a

shop they like.

How has this effected Bristol?

With bigger supermarkets becoming increasingly more common

people are stopping using the big malls in Bristol as they have what

they need closer by causing shops in Bristol to go bust

However when the smaller shops in Bristol go bust they build newer

more exiting, and modern shops that steal business from towns like

wells and Keynsham.

Small Business

BattlesBY LOUIS, FIN AND LIV

Where are the shops going?

Small shops closing down at a rate of 2000 per year.

Big shopping chains taking a large percentage of the peoples

shopping money.

There are 278,600 shops in the UK.

Half of the shops are owned by small businesses.

One chain store has over 30% of all grocery sales in the UK.

Since 2000 about 2000 small businesses and shops have been

closed down.

Shop battles

Other small shops are being closed down because of competing

smaller businesses.

Charity shops have to pay less tax than other smaller businesses.

Some charity shops gives the owners a lot of profit.

Smaller shops are constantly competing with the larger chains.

103,000 shops employ less than 5 people.

Save the high-street!

Many campaigns have been tried to save the high-street.

Mary ‘Queen of Shops’ Portas.

BY GROUP 6

The amount of people shopping

online

From surveys the UK is spending more online per person than any of

the other major countries.

One in four Britons make an internet purchase every week.

58% said it was "easier“ to shop online than to go and buy what they

need from stores.

In 2013, more than £91 billion was spent online and that figure is

expected to surpass £100 billion this year.

95 percent of British people are now buying goods from the

internet.

Growth of eBay and amazon

Sites such as eBay and amazon are cheaper.

More convenient as you do not have to disrupt daily routine; instead

it gets sent to your house/ billing address.

No busy shops

No queues

Guaranteed to get what you want, no chance of the store being

out of stock.

You can buy goods from other countries with ease.

postage and packaging is usually free.

It is a lot easier to find what you are looking for.

Why are more people starting to use sites such as eBay and amazon?

Etailing – the

impact

on the high street(Etailing = online shopping)

Since the firs ever online shop was set up in 1992, the internet was the high street’s most dangerous rival. Throughout the 1990s, online shopping grew bigger, more convenient and more popular among an international shopping community.

However, with the growth and improvement of these etailing sites, fewer people used the nearest high street to do the shopping, threatening many small businesses exclusive to the high street, and even larger ones that didn’t evolve quick enough to sustain their economy (and example of this would be WoolWorths in the UK, who were beaten mainly by their online copy Amazon, in 2009).

Alternatively, many shops, especially

clothes retailers, were able to transition

from the high street and onto the

internet. This insured that, though Amazon and eBay are more widely used,

catalogues such as Next and

supermarkets like Tesco, have been able

to stay in business, avoiding a

Woolworths disaster and putting over

27,000 people out of work.

Ethical shoppingGROUP 7. BY SAM, ALICE & EMILY

Introduction

Positive buying is favouring ethical products, be they fair trade,

organic or cruelty free. This option is arguably the most important

since it directly supports expanding companies.

Negative purchasing means avoiding products you disapprove of

such as battery eggs or polluting cars.

Company-based purchasing involves targeting a business as a

whole. For example, the Nestlé boycott targets all its brands and

companies in a bid to force the company to change its marketing

of baby milk formula in the Third World.

Why shop ethically?

Globalisation affects everyone and there is nothing wrong with

trading goods and services, however this can reduce the power of

local communities, increasing the divide between rich and poor, driving our ever increasing use of natural resources, reducing

biodiversity and even significantly reducing the basic protections of

animals.

Multinational corporations continue to replace hundreds of

thousands of small businesses, shopkeepers and farmers that

traditionally make most economic activity and employment.

Clothing

There are many websites supporting fair trade and ethical clothing

such as People Tree and the Ethical Superstore.

Facts & Figures

British shoppers are three times more likely to choose

environmentally friendly products than they were in 2011, despite

the squeeze on their incomes.

According to Nielsen's survey of 29,000 people in 58 countries on the

internet. 43% of UK participants said they were changing their

behaviour compared with six in 10 globally and 55% in France and

52% in Germany, the nearest major economies.

Charts

This graph shows

that how the UK

has improved in

some areas of

ethical shopping

and some areas

where it hasn’t.

This is a graph

that shows

there has

been an

increase in

everything

except

organic and

farmers

markets

between 2005

to 2011.

Superstores(GROUP 8)

The First Superstore(s)

The first superstore in the UK was opened in 1964, in Nottinghamshire.

It had 50 departments, including a pharmacy, sports goods, records, a restaurant, toys, a hairdresser, shoe repairs and carpets.

Its stock and shop fittings were reportedly worth £700,000 - a huge figure at the time.

At a time when most Britons did their shopping in the local grocer, and memories of wartime rationing were fresh, this huge vision of consumer abundance symbolised a new era of modern affluence to many.

4 years later, Tesco opened their first superstore in West Sussex under owner Jack Cohen : the era of superstores had begun.

The Growth of Tesco

Tesco PLC is now the largest British retail company, and is a chain of international supermarkets.

It is the fourth largest retailer in the overall list of retailers. Wal-Mart of the United States, Carrefour from France and The Home Depot of United States are the top three retail companies in the world. Tesco's market worth is estimated to be around 29.090 billion pounds as in October 2006.

Initially it started specializing in food, but later broadened in the fields of clothes, electronic goods, customer related financial services and they even ventured into the field of selling and renting DVDs.

Advantages of Superstores

Economies of scale occur when the output of the business increases at a faster pace than costs. Superstores enjoy benefits due to their size.

Larger retailers can afford to employ specialized persons to deal with sales, purchasing, financing and marketing, amongst others. With persons dedicated full time to their specialized role, efficiency would be affected positively, leading to higher profits and bigger expansion.

Home delivery to customers

Everything is supplied in one place, saving effort to go to lots of separate shops.

Offer plenty of jobs

Disadvantages of Superstores

Less ability to offer personal service to customers

Superstores use land that could be used for residential etc,.

When superstores enter local areas, they drive smaller stores out of

business and prevent new ones from opening, and also cause

smaller businesses to lose customers.

ConclusionNAOMI BULL

Queen’s Road

THIS IS QUEEN’S ROAD IN CLIFTON. 3

DECADES AGO, IT WAS DOMINATED BY

BANKS, DEPARTMENT STORES AND

SPECIALIST ELECTRICAL STORES. THIS PART OF BRISTOL’S WEST END WAS ONCE THE

‘JEWEL’ OF THE CITY’S RETAIL INDUSTRY.

IT IS A GREAT DEMONSTRATION OF HOW

SHOPPING HAS CHANGED IN BRISTOL

OVER THE YEARS.

Present day

NOWADAYS, AFTER OUT-OF-TOWN

SHOPPING CENTRES HAVE EMERGED, THE

DEPARTMENT STORES AND HIGHER CLASS SHOPS HAVE RELOCATED TO PLACES LIKE

CABOT CIRCUS AND CRIBBS CAUSEWAY

IN ORDER TO MAXIMISE THEIR CUSTOMER

INTAKE AND PROFIT. THIS HAS LEFT

QUEEN’S ROAD LITTERED WITH BUDGET

SUPERMARKETS, COFFEE SHOPS AND

BARS.

The ConsequencesTHE CHANGING FACE OF BRISTOL’S RETAIL HABITS HAS LEFT MOST CITY

CENTRES FULL OF CHAIN FOOD AND DRINK RESTAURANTS,

SUPERMARKETS AND CHARITY SHOPS. QUEEN’S ROAD NOW HAS OVER

20 PLACES TO BUY COFFEE, BUT NO POST OFFICES, FURNITURE STORES OR RECOGNISED CLOTHES SHOPS. EVERY SINGLE ONE HAS

RELOCATED, AS THE FORMER HUB OF RETAIL NOW DOESN’T ATTRACT

THE RIGHT SORT OF CUSTOMERS.

CABOT CIRCUS WAS DEVELOPED IN 2008 IN ORDER TO REMODEL BRISTOL CITY CENTRE AND ATTRACT SHOPPERS BACK INTO THE AREA.

THERE ARE NOW 140 DIFFERENT STORES ALL IN ONE PLACE, SO UNLESS

YOU WANT SOMETHING VERY SPECIFIC, THERE IS NO NEED TO VENTURE

OUT INTO THE REST OF THE CITY.

What This Means

for Bristol

BECAUSE OF ALL THESE NEW, INCLUSIVE SHOPPING CENTRES AND RETAIL PARKS, SMALLER INDIVIDUAL SPECIALISED STORES ARE GOING TO CLOSE.WITH LARGER STORES TAKING ON SALES OF GOODS SUCH AS WASHING MACHINES, ELECTRICAL ITEMS AND CLOTHING LINES, PEOPLE NO LONGER CARE ABOUT BUYING FROM AN EXPERIENCED AND SPECIALISED RETAILER. IF THE CENTRE OF THE CITY IS NOT DEVELOPED INTO A MORE ACCESSIBLE AND DESIRABLE AREA, PEOPLE’S BUSINESSES WILL BE FORCED TO SHUT OR RELOCATE TO MORE POPULATED RETAIL PARKS. THIS WILL LEAVE BRISTOL’S CENTRE AS AN UNDESIRABLE PLACE TO BE.