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TeamEndocrine
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Figure 1:(Rajashri Media Limited)
Endocrine system
Figure 2:(Nemours Foundation, 2011 )
The endocrine system consists of endocrine glands that are
responsible for the secretion of specific hormones. Hormones are
chemical messengers that cause changes in the metabolic activities
in specific cells.The hormones that are secreted are responsible
for regulating mood, growth, development, tissue function,
metabolism, sexual function, and reproduction. The endocrine system
regulates and integrates bodily functions and is responsible for
maintaining homestasis in response to environmental changes.
Add: ?? The principle organs are Hypothalamus, Pituitary Gland,
Pineal Gland, Thyroid Gland, Thymus, Pancreas, Adrenal Glands, and
Ovaries & Testes.
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Glands of the Endocrine system
Figure 3:(Farabee, 2010)
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Glands of the Endocrine system
Figure 4:(Farabee, 2010)
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Glands of the Endocrine system
Figure 5:(Farabee, 2010)
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Glands of the Endocrine system
Figure 6:(Farabee, 2010)
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Glands of the Endocrine system
Figure 7:(Farabee, 2010)
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Glands of the Endocrine system
Figure 8:(Farabee, 2010)
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Glands of the Endocrine system
Figure 9:(Farabee, 2010)
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Hypothalamus
Figure 10:(Cartage.org)
The Hypothalamus is the master controlling gland of the entire
endocrine system. This glad is very important to the endocrine
system, because it looks at the information and input that is in
the brain and decides what the endocrine system needs to do. After
the hypothalamus decides what needs to be done, it gives the
information to the pituitary gland and instructs this gland to do
the rest of the ordering around. 11
Pituitary Gland
Figure 11:(Cartage.org)
Once the Pituitary Gland has received the information from the
hypothalamus, it becomes the master gland of the bodycontrolling
many functions of the other endocrine glands. The pituitary gland
also produces a number of hormones that are essential for many
aspects of life. For example, some of the hormones that the
pituitary gland produces send messages to other endocrine glands
telling them whether to increase or decrease the production of
their hormones.
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Pineal Gland
Figure 12:(Crystal, 2010)
The Pineal Glands basic function is to produce a hormone called
Melatonin. This hormone influences biological patterns such as
waking and sleeping. The Pineal Gland creates melatonin best when
it is dark; therefore, it mainly produces melatonin during the
night. Because of this, the pineal gland is greatly affected by the
amount of contact a person (or other mammals) eyes have with the
light. 13
Thyroid Gland
T3=ThyroxineT4=Triodothyronine
Figure 13:(Medicine Net Inc.)
The basic function of the thyroid gland is to produce the
hormones that control our metabolism. The thyroid takes iodine
found in food eaten and converts it into the hormones thyroxine
(T3) and triiodothyronine (T4). These hormones control the rate at
which our cells burn fuel from the food we eat, in order to produce
energy. 14
Thymus
Figure 14:(Leong, 2011)
The Thymus gland produces immunity cells called T-lymphocytes
that help fight foreign invaders and infection. This gland begins
to decrease in size and function around the age of 13.15
PancreasPancreasPancreas
Figure 15:(A.D.A.M, 2011)
The pancreas produces hormones, such as insulin and glucagon. It
releases these hormones directly into the blood stream, to maintain
blood sugar levels.
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Adrenal Glands
Figure 16:(Miller)
The Adrenal glands produce hormones that regulate salt and water
balance in the body. They regulate stress hormones and metabolism,
and they also produce epinephrine. Epinephrine is also known as
adrenaline; this hormone increases heart rate and blood pressure so
as to aid us in our fight and flight responses.17
Ovaries and Testes
Figure 17: Ovariesoval/almond shaped glands that are located on
both side of the uterusin the lower pelvic region (La Vista Church
of Christ).
Figure 18: Testesegg shaped and located in the scrotum, a skin
pouch located on the outside of the body (Medicalook.com).
Ovaries and Testes are known as gonads and their primary purpose
is to produce gametes. The ovaries produce estrogen and
progesterone which affect female characteristics and reproduction;
while testes produce testosterone which affect sperm production and
many male characteristics.18
How it is related to other systems
Figure 19:(Wheeler)
Cardiovascular System: Carries, transports, and circulates the
hormones that the endocrine system produces. All 10 of the
endocrine system organs secretes their hormones into the
Cardiovascular system.
Nervous System: Many endocrine glands and tissues are situated
within the nervous system. One way the endocrine system affects the
nervous system is by reducing pain with the release of
endorphins.
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Related systems cont.
ImmuneFigure 20:(International Churches of Christ, 2008)
The endocrine system produces hormones that regulate:The
Reproductive System: The hormones the endocrine system sends out
controls the reproductive system after puberty, and controls
fertility. Which Controls fertility..The Circulatory System: The
endocrine needs the circulatory system to transport more then 20
major hormones to various parts of the body. Acts as the super
highway to transport the hormones throughout the body.Problem
within The Immune System: can cause problems with the endocrine
system. The pancreas secretes hormones and produces enzymes that
aid in the Digestive System: The Digestive system is aided by
hormones and enzymes produced by the endocrine system.
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Negative Feedback
Figure 21:(Bowen, 2001)
The Endocrine system uses negative feedback to regulate hormone
secretion. The negative feedback is used as the means that the
glands within the endocrine system stimulate the release of a
hormone from another gland.
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Diseases or failures
Figure 22:(Nemours Foundation, 2011 )
The endocrine system is a complex network, a failure within any
organ within the system can have far reaching effects throughout
the body.22
DiabetesFigure 23:(American Diabetes Association, 2011)
Diabetes: One of the most prevalent endocrine system diseases
resulting from inadequate production of insulin from the
pancreas.23
Growth Disorders
Growth Disorders Given that the endocrine system regulates
growth processes, endocrine diseases often result in growth
disorders. To much or to little growth hormone can cause gigantism
in adults or slow growth in children.24
Many possible disorders!Osteoporosis (fragile bones)Polycystic
Ovary Syndrome7-10% of Women(Infrequent or irregular
menstruationThyroid DisordersHypogonadism(Low Testosterone ->
Sex drive, hair, muscle mass)
There are many more endocrine system diseases, often a symptom
resemble many possible diseases making failures within the
endocrine system difficult to pinpoint.25
Who you are
Did you know! The endocrine system influences who you are!26
What you do!27
How you feel when you do it!28
Your endocrine system is affected by your environment in ways
you may not realize!29
Your system is affected by the chemicals we use to grow our
food. Over 30,000 chemicals in the US.30
Or Create in our laboratories. There are over 84,000 commercial
synthetic chemical substances in the world31
Figure 24:(Yera, 2011)
And these chemicals can effect or even alter our endocrine
system and hormone production.32
We are all interconnected, Everything, Everywhere!33
CreditsSarah CrainNichole YeraKari WesternLewis DreadinJeremy
YoungSee Bibliography
