ELIPA : a tool for measuring integration

Department of Statistics, Studies and Documentation

General Secretariat for Immigration and Integration

Florent Domergue

Roma – 17th June 2013

• ELIPA• Presentation of the survey• Characteristics of the new migrants

• Analysis• Labour market inclusion of the new migrants• Language training impact for the new migrants

– Summary –

Presentation of the survey

– Enquête Longitudinale sur l’Intégration des Primo Arrivants –

• French public statistical system survey

• Conducted alongside OECD, INSEE, INED…

• Funded by both the Ministry and the European Commission

• Total cost : 3 M - 3,5 M € (internal costs not included)

– Field –

• Migrants who got their first residence permit in 2009, allowing them to stay in France at least one year (but likely to stay indefinitely).

• Aged 18 and over

• Coming from « third countries », i.e. outside EEA and Switzerland

• Signatories of the « reception and integration contract » (R&I)

– Agenda –

• 1st wave : spring 2010• 6,107 people interviewed

• 2nd wave : spring 2011• 4,756 people interviewed

• 3rd wave : spring 2013• 3,540 people interviewed

– Aims of the survey –

• Knowledge of the integration path of the new migrants

• Economy (activity, income)

• « Human capital » (language skills, education)

• Living conditions (housing, family and social life, access to rights…)

• Evaluation of public policies of reception• Migratory and administrative processes

• Assessment of the R&I

Characteristics of the new migrants

At the time of getting their residence permit :

• 48 % have been in France for less than 2 years• 16 % for 2 to 4 years

• 36 % for 5 years and over

– Migrants did not settle in France at the

same time –

– Main profile : family migration, coming from Africa –

Economic migration

Family migration

Asylum Others Total

All new migrants 9 72 13 6 100Proportion of women 20 59 42 44 52Median age 36 32 31 33 32Average length of stay in France 8 3 3 10 4NationalityEurope 5 4 10 3 5Africa 76 73 38 69 68 Algeria 7 22 1 6 17 Morocco 8 14 0 9 12 Tunisia 5 10 0 3 8 Other african countries 56 27 37 52 32Asia 12 17 49 23 21 Turkey 2 7 8 6 7 Other asian countries 10 10 41 17 14America and Oceania 7 6 3 5 6

Labour market inclusion of the new migrants

- Migration leads to a breakdown of employment -

Labour force participation rate• Before migration : 57 % 2010 : 69 % 2011 : 71 %

Before migration

2010 2011

GenderMen 6 24 18Women 10 48 34Length of stay in France in 2010Less than 2 years 8 47 302 to 4 years 6 36 285 years and over 8 19 17All new migrants 8 33 24

Unemployment rate (%)

- Length of stay in France determines women’s labour market inclusion -

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Less than 2years

2 to less than4 years

4 to less than6 years

6 to less than8 years

8 years andover

2 years in the labour market

2 years in employment

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Less than 2years

2 to less than4 years

4 to less than6 years

6 to less than8 years

8 years andover

At least 1 year at home

2 years at home

% %

Length of stay in France in 2010 Length of stay in France in 2010

Women in the labour market in 2010 and 2011

Women at least one year at home in 2010 and 2011

- For the men, length of stay only impacts being employed in the long run -

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Less than 2years

2 to less than4 years

4 to less than6 years

6 to less than8 years

8 years andover

2 years in the labour market

2 years in employment

Length of stay in France in 2010

Men in the labour market in 2010 and 2011%

- Different timelines with regard to family and work -

Men• Migration in order to get a job / improve their work

prospects• Less often living in a couple than women

Women• Family at the heart of the migratory project• A late labour market inclusion

Language training impact for the new migrants

- Who is the language training prescribed to ? -

• 20 % of the new migrants are involved• Up to 400 hours

Not prescribed PrescribedWomen 52 66Men 48 34

Not prescribed PrescribedEmployed 51 29Unemployed 24 20Student 10 7At home 12 37Other inactive 3 8

Not prescribed Prescribed

French-speaking Africa (Maghreb not included)

35 3

Non french-speaking Africa 4 6Maghreb 39 24Asia 11 52Europe and CIS 5 12

Not prescribed PrescribedLess than 2 years 42 71Between 2 and 4 years 16 16Between 5 and 9 years 29 1010 years and over 12 3

- Sub-cohorts building -

Two similar populations apart from the completion of the language training and a control group :

• Trained cohort

• Counterfactual cohort

• Control cohort

’Trained’ improve slower than ‘Counterfactuals’ …

... but they increasingly speak french with their friends

4835

62

37

6 4

5265

38

63

94 96

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011

Trained Counterfactuals Control

Low Medium and fluent

Level of french by the cohort in 2010 and 2011

Language spoken with friends by the cohort

5 10 16 18

42 4244

54 4249

46 5150

36 4233

12 8

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011

Trained Counterfactuals Control

French French and others Other languages

– Conclusion –

• People in distress are identified

• No net impact of the training on the fluency in french

• The training achieves its goal

• However, the beneficiaries are not fully satisfied

• Is the training ambitious enough ?

Prescribed Not prescribed Prescribed Not prescribed Prescribed Not prescribedLow level 64 36 67 33 56 44Medium level 21 79 26 74 15 85Fluent level 2 98 3 97 1 99

All Women Men

Thanks for your attention