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Presentation by Árni M. Mathiesen Assistant-Director General Fisheries and Aquaculture
DepartmentFood and Agriculture Organization of
the United Nations
24th Session of the Committee on Agriculture, Rome, Italy, 29 September - 3 October 2014
SIDE EVENT ON THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUTRITION (ICN2)
Wednesday, 1 October 2014
“FISH AND HUMAN NUTRITION”
Protein
Selenium
Iodine ZincCalcium
Vitamin DVitamin A
DHA Vitamin B12EPA
Iron
Fish, a source of micronutrients
Nutrient level per 100 g
Daily need (RDI) for children:
Vitamin A;250 million preschool children deficient
Cod liver oil: 5000 µgMola (whole): 2500 µg
500 µg RAE
Iron; 1.6 billion people deficient
Dried tuna frames: 35 mgChanwa pileng (whole): 45 mg
8.9 mg (at 10% bioavailability)
Iodine; seafood natural source, 2 billion people deficient
Cod fillets: 250 µgSeaweed: >2000 µg
120 µg
Zinc; 800 000 child deaths per year
Bones from herring: 19 mgChanwa pileng (whole): 20 mg
5.6 mg(at moderate bioavailability)
Long Chain Ω-3 Fats (DHA+EPA)
• Seafood main source
• Reduced risk of death from coronary heart disease
• Improved neuro-development in infants/young children
Fish Protein• 20% of animal protein for more than 3
billion people
• 50% of animal protein in many developing countries:• Sierra Leone (72%), • Ghana and Gambia (55%)• Maldives (70%), • Cambodia(60%), • Bangladesh (57%),• Indonesia (54%) • Sri Lanka(55%)
Future fish supply and demand projections
55.342.5
31.622.1
23.624.2
15.910.8
7.96.9
20.6
0 20 40 60
Japan
Australia and New Zealand
Europe
Northern Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa
WORLD
Per capita fish consumption (kg/capita/year)
2010-12 (Ave.)
OECD-FAO Fish Model Projections (2022)
Source: OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2013-2022 (Table A.26.2). Countries/regions ranked by per capita fish consumption in 2010-12 average.Countries/regions with declined per capita fish consumption highlighted in red.
WB-FAO-IFPRI Fish to 2030 Projections
Source: World Bank Report on Fish to 2030 (Table 3.7). Countries/regions ranked by per capita fish consumption in 2006. Countries/regions with declined per capita fish consumption highlighted in red
62.223.8
29.641.0
26.418.2
15.79.4
7.55.66.6
18.2
0 20 40 60 80
Japan
South-eastern Asia
Northern America
Southern Asia (excl. India)
Latin America and Caribbean
India
Per capita fish consumption (kg/capita/year)
2006 2030
Country/
region
Fish Demand (2030) Total
fish prod. (2012,
mil. tonne)
S-D gap2030
(col. 4 minus col. 3)
kg/cap.
Total (mil. tonne
)
WORLD 29.1
261.2
156.5 -104.7
S.S. Africa 10.8
15.1
6.9 -8.2
L.A. & C. 12.2
18.3
14.8 -3.4
N. Africa 12.9
3.7
2.8 -0.8
Europe 27.3
23.4
16.0 -7.4
N. America 29.8
12.9
6.7 -6.1
Oceania 31.9
1.8
1.4 -0.3
Asia 37.0
186.3
107.8 -78.5
Source: Estimation of FI/FAO (preliminary results)Main assumptions: 1) Per capita fish demand affected by income growth. 2) Fish price unchanged. 3) Preference over fish unchanged
FAO/FI Fish Supply-Demand Gap Projections
The Blue Growth Initiative
Four Main Componen
ts• Fisheries
• Aquaculture
• Livelihoods and food systems
• Eco-system Services
Global• Implementation of
International Instruments and EAF
• Combat IUU fishing
• Reduction of Over-capacity, restoring fish stocks and aquatic biodiversity
• GAAP
Regional• Regional
Initiative on Blue Growth (FAO RAP)
• Regional Fisheries Bodies
• Other FAO Regional Initiatives
Country level
• Development and implementation of national policies and strategies for Blue Growth
• Gabon, Senegal, Côte d’Ivoire, Algeria, Iran, Indonesia, SIDS (Cabo Verde, Seychelles, Mauritius, Madagascar)
Aim To promote the sustainable use and conservation of the aquatic renewable resources
Capture Fisheries:Increase, Sunken Billions, CCRF, EAF. Biological management and conservation, business management, political/economic management.
Contribution to Blue Growth :- 10 - 20
millions tonnes
- USD 50 billion annually
- Capture fisheries are an important source of food, nutrition, employment and income for millions of people, particularly in remote rural areas
- Capture fisheries face serious challenges:• Degraded environment and ecosystems• Overexploited fish stocks• IUU fishing• Climate change and ocean acidification
Aquaculture:GAAP, EAA. Biological management and conservation (incl. bio-security), business management, planning and regulatory implementation. Contribution to
Blue Growth:
• 50-100 million tonnes a year
Trade/markets/post harvest and social support:
Waste reduction, non-food v. food utilization, customs tariff issues, most traded, social complexities in Small Scale Fisheries.
Contribution to Blue growth:
• From non-food: 10 million tonnes • From waste
food: 15 million tonnes
Fisheries Important Employer
• Employment growth in FI + AQ higher than in traditional agriculture
• Millions of people are directly engaged in the fisheries sector
• Women represent half of those involved in fisheries
• FI + AQ support the livelihoods of 12 % of the global population