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Introduction to education in Finland and
some pedagogical approaches and methods
芬兰教育与教学方法
New Teachers Pre-Service Training
新教师入职培训
Chongqing University of Sciences and Technology
Chongqing, China 25. July 2017
重庆科技学院中国，2017年7月25日
Matleena LaaksoTAMK – Tampere University of Applied Sciences
坦佩雷应用科学大学
Li Zhang, translation
TAMK & Bright Sky Consulting
坦佩雷应用科学大学，Bright Sky 教育咨询
Qui Chuan, interpreter
Some slides introducing Education in Finland are made with Hanna Saraketo and Juha Lahtinen (TAMK).
Matleena Laakso
马特莱娜·拉科索• Master of education, teacher’s
pedagogical qualification
• Expert in teaching and learning, specialised in ICT and digitalisation in education and professional development
• Expert at the School of Vocational Teacher Education at TAMK
• WeChat ID: matleenalaakso
• 教育学硕士，具有教师教学资格
• 教学和学习领域专家，专门从事ICT和数字化教育与职业发展等研究领域
• 坦佩雷科技大学职业教师教育学院专家
• 微信账号：matleenalaakso
Who are you?
你们是谁？
Picture: Per Arne Slotte, CC BY-SA
Cloudberry 云莓
Finland
芬兰
Picture: Per Arne Slotte, CC BY-SA
Cloudberry 云莓y
Finland
芬兰Country of clean nature, thousands of lakes and forests and the midnightsun.
国家自然环境纯净，有成千上万的湖泊 与森林，午夜还有阳光
Finland at a glance 芬兰概貌
• A stable, peaceful, well-organized country and EU member state
• High level of research and access to information technology
• Trust and equality among people
• The best place to be a mother – or a child
• Society where English is widely spoken
• The national education system regularly ranks among the best in theworld (e. g. in the OECD‘s PISA rankings)
• Home of Santa Claus
• 国家稳定、和平、秩序井然，是欧盟成员国
• 高水平的研究和信息技术入口
• 人民互相信任，平等友爱
• 英语在社会上广泛使用
• 是生养孩子的最佳地方
• 国家教育系统在世界上位列前茅例如OECD‘s PISA 排名)
• 圣诞老人之家Picture: Hietaparta CC0, Pixabay.com
Summer: midnight sun and summer cottages
夏季：午夜太阳与夏日小屋
Picture: Hansenit CC BY
Autumn: first colourful, then just dark and rainy
秋季：开始色彩缤纷，然后黑夜多雨
Picture: Kari Siren, CC BY
Winter: snow and winter sports
冬季：冬季各种冰雪运动
Picture: Tero Laakso CC BY-SA
Spring: in southern Finland there might be
snow on the ground until April
春季：芬兰南部的冰雪一直停留到四月
Picture: Dave Miller CC BY
Education in Finland
芬兰教育
Picture: Per Arne Slotte, CC BY-SA
Cloudberry 云莓
Some key factors of Finnish education
芬兰教育的重要因素Sanna Ruhalahti: www.slideshare.net/SannaRuhalahti/finnish-education-presentation-cavan-institute/7
• All have equal access to high-quality education
• It is free and publicly funded
• Rights to educational support
• Lifelong learning - no dead ends
• Educational autonomy and local authorities
• Quality assurance based on steering, no controlling
• Highly educated teaching personnel
• Good and well supported education & training
What is so special about
Finnish education?
芬兰教育的特别之处在于哪？Finnish National Board of Education: :
www.oph.fi/download/180148_Compulsory_education_in_Finland.pdf
• Teaching is a very popular profession
• No national exams
• No teacher evaluation
• Teachers feel valued by society
• Short school days
• The amount of homework is low
• Number of lessons in art, music and physical education have been increased
• No inspections
School timetable (3rd class, 9 y)
学生课程表 （三年级，9岁）
Finnish
Math
PE
Finnish
Math
Finnish
Environment andnatural sciences
History
Finnish
Math
Math
Environment and natural sciences
Art
Art
Religion/ethics
PE
PE
German
Music
German
German
Textile and technical work
Textile and technical work
Finnish
Kuva: Iina 7 y., CC BY-SA
School timetable (9th class, 15 y)
学生课程表（九年级，15岁）
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
German Social studies German
Math Finnish Swedish Social studies Social studies
Mother tongue and literature
Mother tongue and literature
Pupil counselling
Biology/Geography
Biology/Geography
Germany Religion Computer science
Swedish English
Biology/Geography
Math Computer science
Physics/Chemistry
English
PE Home economics
Math Physics/Chemistry
PE Home economics
Math
The Finnish Higher Education System
芬兰高等教育系统
The Finnish higher education system comprises two parallel sectors 芬兰高教系统包括2个平行的部门（双元模式）
• University sector 14所研究型综合大学– 14 research universities
– number of students 168 000
– of which 18 000 doctoral students
– All institutions funded by the state and external research funding
• Universities of applied sciences sector (est. in the mid-1990s) 24所应用科技大学– 24 institutions
– Number of students 148 000
– All institutions funded by the state and external R&D funding
– Regional development tasks
– Bachelor’s degrees (vocational and professional degrees)
– (Professional) Master’s degrees in selected fields
Teacher education
教师培训The high level of training is seen necessary as teachers are very autonomous professionally.
• All teachers from day-care and preschool to university arerequired a (Bachelor’s) or Master’s or degree.
• Also pedagogical studies are almost always required.
Continuous professional development
继续职业发展
Picture: Matleena Laakso CC BY
Popular themes for ICT-workshops信息通讯技术研讨会热门主题
Education in Finland: 3 reasons to be
so good 芬兰教育成功的三个原因
Pictures: Matleena Laakso CC BY & Neofelis Nebulosa PD & Collusor CC0, pixabay.com
What would you like to copy adapt from
Finland to your work, department or
university?
你们希望从芬兰复制改进哪些做法可以应用到你们的工作中, 院系或大学?
• Share ideas with those sitting next to you and shareone idea to our WeChat group.
Want to know more?
想要知道更多？
More about the Tampere Region
• studyintampere (Tredea)
• visittampere.fi (Tredea)
More About Finland
• www.studyinfinland.fi (Centre for International Mobility CIMO)
• www.visitfinland.com (Finnish Tourist Board)
More about Finnish education by Finnish National Agency for Education
• www.oph.fi/english/education_system_education_policy
• www.oph.fi/download/146428_Finnish_Education_in_a_Nutshell.pdf
Pedagogical approaches and
methods
教学方法
Picture: Per Arne Slotte, CC BY-SA
Cloudberry 云莓
Already Confisius knew
Picture: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confucius PD
So many ways to teach and learn!
各种各样的教学与学习方法Co-operative learning
Project learning
Competence-based learning
Problem-based learning
Blended learning
Flipped learning
Personalized learning
Phenemonon-based learning
Picture: Pixabay.com, CC0
Finnish Schools on the Move
动起来的芬兰学校
Problem-based Learning (PBL)
as an educational strategy
基于问题式的学习作为一种教育策略
PBL curriculum
• improves interpersonal skills
• improves work life competencies
• integrates different disciplines
• includes both individual and collaborative learningprocesses
• includes independent knowledge acquisition and shared knowledge construction
• has less contact teaching and more facilitation
Using problems (cases, scenarios, triggers)
as starting points for learning)
学习的起点：问题（案例、情景、抛砖引玉）
Picture: Rronis CC BY-SA, Wikimedia Commons
Assessment
Learning processProblem solving process
Group process
Starting point
Brainstorming
Best ideas
Learning objects
Knowledgesharing
Visual synthesis
Self-study
PBL learning task
1
2
3
45
6
7
8
Tutorial-meeting I
Tutorial-meeting II
Tutorial is the 2 hour smallgroup study phase of thePBL curriculum.
Assessment and feedback in PBL tutorials
基于问题式的学习教程的评估与反馈
• In the beginning of each meeting, students willchoose what they want to be observed. For examplethe learning process, the problem solving, the groupprocess,..
• How did you give new perspectives to the group work?
• Did you present innovative ideas?
• How did you support others?
• At the end of the meeting the observer gives thefeedback individually to each member of the groupand to the teacher.
The final review
最后审查
• Did you deal with the right issues?
• How did you find the atmosphere of the tutorial?
• Did you say what you wanted to?
• Have you been heard?
Six thinking hats
六顶思想之帽Erward De Bono
Picture: Matleena Laakso CC BY-SA
Six thinking hats
六顶思想之帽• Blue: organising and controlling蓝色：组织与控制
• White: facts and numbers白色：事实与数字
• Green: creativity, new ideas and possibilities绿色：创造力、新想法与可能性
• Yellow: benefits and positive effects黄色：益处分析与积极影响
• Black: logical negative effects黑色：逻辑性强与消极影响
• Red: feelings and values红色：感觉与价值
Write down together three ideas how
you can use ideas of problem-based
learning in your teaching?
Group 1.
Group 2.
Group 3. (1/2)
Group 3. (2/2)
Comments? Questions?
评论？问题？
Picture: Per Arne Slotte, CC BY-SA
Cloudberry 云莓
Licensed under Creative Commons
Attribution-Share Alike 4.0
International License (CC BY-SA 4.0)
根据知识共享署名 - 相同共享 4.0授权国际许可（CC BY-SA 4.0）
• Creative Commons -licensies: creativecommons.net.cn or creativecommons.org
• Terms for using these slides is CC BY-SA: creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
You are free to:
– Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
– Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material
– for any purpose, even commercially.
Under the following terms:
– Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
– ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
• You can contact me to get more rights
– These slides: https://www.slideshare.net/MatleenaLaakso/introduction-to-education-in-finland
– My blog: http://www.matleenalaakso.fi/p/in-english.html
– WeChatID: matleenalaakso
– E-mail: [email protected] or [email protected]
