Governing complex systems

prof.dr. Martijn van der Steen

@martijnvdsteen

• Publicvaluebottom-up• Newmodesofgovernment:collaborative,networks

• Sedimentation,hybridizationandmixedmodels• Implicationsforpublicorganizations,civilservants,citizens,andfor(public)leaders

• Discussion

Outlineofthissession

5

8

10

Achangingshapeofproblems– “Wicked”(Thomas,2001),asopposedto“tamed”

– “Systemic”(Loorbach,2015),asopposedto“path-dependent”

– “Complex”(Collander&Kupers,2014),asopposedto“complicated”,or“structured”

Governance Non-linearitiesCo-evolutionEmergenceAdaptivity

“Metaphorsweliveby”

TreeVertical hierarchy

RhizomeHorizontal system

Government

PrivateSector

(smallandlarge)

Civic(groupsorindividuals)

activecitizens

socialentrepeneurs

privatizationcitizen-

participation

Societalization

PublicAdministration

(PA)

NewPublicManagement

(NPM)

NetworkGovernance

(NG)

SocietalResilience

(SR)The legitimate

state

The activesociety

The networking state

The performing state

The responsivestate

PolicyResults

CivicResults

Inside-out Outside-in

5

• (Old)PublicAdministrationcoreconcepts:– Rechtsstaat– Ruleoflaw

– Preciseandunambiguousrules– Impartiality,legality– Meritbasedrecruitment– Publicethos– Cleardivisionofresponsibilities– Accountability

6

• (New)PublicManagementcoreconcepts:– Performancemanagement– Fromexantecontroltoexpostcontrol– Deregulation,liberalization– Single-purposeorganizations:specialization– Separationof„policy”and„operation/execution”– Managerialautonomy,integralmanagement– Contract,privatization,market-orientation– Customer,client,choice

7

• NetworkGovernancecoreconcepts:– Workingwithotherstoachieveyourowngoals– Joinedupgovernment– Chainsandnetworks– Coordination,integration,collaboration– Nodepartmentalism,tunnelvision,verticalsilos– Seamlessservicesacrossorganizationalboundaries– Organizinggovernmentaroundproblems– Relationalstate

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• SocietalResiliencecoreconcepts:– Localself-organization&self-reliance– Publicvaluebottom-up– Societalizationofpublicvalue– Governmentasco-producer,partner,orsidelined– Communityshares,co-operativesociety

Basedon:VanEijk,2011

OPABureaucratic model

NPMCompetitive model

NG (Post-NPM)Interdependence model

SRSelforganization model

Focus on State Market Network Civil society

Relation Politicians-servants

Principals-agents

Stakeholders-stewards

Prosumers

Concept Public goods Public choice Public value Self reliance

Legitimacy basis

Input: rules & resources

Output: products

Throughput: process

Outcomes: effects

Coordination Ex-ante Ex-post Ex-durante Self-organization

Role of stakeholders

Voters and subjects

Customers and contractors

Co-producers and partners

Prosumers,peer to peer

PublicAdministration

(PA)

NewPublicManagement

(PM)

NetworkGovernance

(NG)

SocietalResilience

(SR)

Paradigmshifts?

(O)PA

NPM

NG

SR

Sedimentationandlayering

PublicAdministration

(PA)

NewPublicManagement

(NPM)

NetworkGovernance

(NG)

SocietalResilience

(SR)

PolicyResults

CivicResults

Inside-out Outside-in

Netherlands:“Energie Akkoord:

Germany:“EnergieWende”

PublicAdministration

(PA)

NewPublicManagement

(NPM)

NetworkGovernance

(NG)

SocietalResilience

(SR)

PolicyResults

CivicResults

Inside-out Outside-in

PublicAdministration

(PA)

NewPublicManagement

(NPM)

NetworkGovernance

(NG)

SocietalResilience

(SR)

PolicyResults

CivicResults

Inside-out Outside-in

logicoftheorganizabon

logicoftheenvironment

societalsteeringinternalorganizabonroleofcivilservantsnatureofpolibcs

A. “Governance”beyondtop-downcollaborationB. Towardsmore“societalresilience”C. Reinvent‘leftside’values(ruleoflaw,accountability)

tosuitemergingpractices

• Ruleofthumb:fromAtoB,bytherulesofB

Thetransitionofgovernance

Contact

prof.dr. Martijn van der Steen Netherlands School of Public Administration (NSOB) Erasmus University Rotterdam (EUR)

Tel: +31 641858400e-mail: steen@nsob.nl @martijnvdsteen