Lev Vygotsky‘The Zone Of Proximal Development’

ZPD

“A world devoid of thought is a dead thing, and a thought unembodied by

a word remains in shadow”

- Lev Zygotsky 1934

What I can do with help

What I can’t do

What I can do

Zone of proximal

The zone of proximal is the difference between what a learner can do alone and what a learner cannot do.

The zone of proximal

The zone of proximal

• Lev Vygotsky is a Soviet psychologist and social constructivist.

• He stated that “A child follows an adults example and gradually develops the ability to do certain tasks without help or assistance.”

• Lev Vygotsky also describes the zone of proximal as “the distance between the actual.”

MKO – More Knowledgeable Other

• The MKO is someone who is perceived as being more knowledgeable about a task then someone else.

• It can be a parent or teacher, but can just as easily be one of the child’s peers.

• He thought that children benefit more when helped by a child as opposed to an adult. The other child benefits, too, as teaching someone reinforces their own mental pathways about a task.

Scaffolding

• Scaffolding lays the foundations for future learning

• To learn more, children must have a basis to learn on.

• For example, they have to know that a dog is a dog, before they can link what a dog looks like to the word, and the fact that a dog goes woof-woof.

Zygotsky and Social Interaction

• Zygotsky believed that communication helped with all types of learning.

• He realised that children’s language developed through social interaction and that social interaction helps them develop other necessary skills.

• Because of this, he placed a very high level of importance on how families and other children influence learning.

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