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Kaveri.P

Physical Science

Reg Number:18214383011

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Smt: Lini Teacher

Lecturer, Physical science

NEILS BOHR

Neils Hendric David Bohr was born in Copenhagen on October 7, 1885, as the son of Christian Bohr, Professor of Physoilogy at Copenhagen University, and his wife Ellen, nee Adler. Neils , together with his younger brother Herald (the future professor in Mathematics), grew up in atmosphere most favourable to the development of genius- his father eas an eminent physiologist and was largely responsible for awakening his interest in physics while sill at school, his mother came from a family distinguished in the field of edu cation.

After matriculation at the Gammelholm Grammer School in 1903, he entered Copenhagen University where he came under the guidance of professor C.Christiansen, a profoundly original and highly endowed physicist, and took his Masters degree in Physics in 1909 and his Doctors degree in 1911

BOHR MODEL OF ATOM-

In atomic physics, the Rutherford-Bohr model or Bohr model, introduced by Neils Bohr in 1913, depicts the atom as a small , positively charged nucleus surrounded by electrons that travel in circular orbits around the nucleus—similar in structure to the solar system, but with attraction provided by electrostatic forces rather than gravity. After the cubic model(1902), the plum –pudding model (1904), the Saturnian model(1904), and the Rutherford model(1911).The improvement to the Rutherford model is mostly a quantum physical interpretation of it.The Bohr model has been supersede, but the quantum theory remains sound.

BOHR’S CONTRIBUTIONIn 1913, Bohr’s model of atomic structure was published which became the basis of the famous quantum theory. In 1916, Neils Bohr became a professor at the University of Copenhagen and later founded the institute of Theoretical Physics in 1921. Bohr’s institute became headquarter for the best known physicists contributed there.

Due to security reasons Neils Bohr assumed the name of Nicholas Baker for the top—secret Manhattan Project in New Mexico, America .Soon after World War II , Bohr started advocating the peaceful use of Copenhagen. The Bohr Model of the atom, The shell model of atom, The correspondence principle, The liquid drop model of the atomic nucleus, The identification of Uranium isotope

and The principle of complementarity are some of his major contributions to the field of physics and chemistry.

FINAL DAYSBohr died on 18 th November 1962, at the age of 77 because of a heart failure. He is buried in the Assistens Kierkegaard in Copenhagen, Denmark. In 1965, in honour of Bohr the Institute of Physics at the University of Copenhagen changed its name to the Neils Bohr Instotute. Chemical Element ‘Bohrium’ and ‘Asteroid 3948 Bohr’ being named after him are few of his legacies.