PRESENTATION ON SUMMER TRAINING AT-

NTPC DADRI

PRESENTED BY:

ABOUT NTPC NTPC ,the largest power company in India ,was setup in 1975 to accelerate power

development in country. NTPC Dadri is a unique power plant of NTPC group which has coal based thermal plant and

gas based thermal plant of 1820 MW ,817 MW and solar based plant 5MW respectively. NTPC has installed capacity of 29,397MW. It has 15 coal based power station ,7 gas based power stations and 1 solar based power station. It plans to be 75,000MW company by 2017.

NTPC DADRI

COALBASED

GASBASED

SOLARBASED

1820 MW

830 MW

5MW

TOTAL = 2655 MW

Coal to Electricity ….. Basics

Coal

Chemical Energy

Super Heated Steam

Pollutants

Thermal Energy

Turbine Torque

Heat Loss In Condenser

Kinetic Energy

Electrical Energy

Alternating current in

StatorMech. Energy Loss

ASHHeat Loss

Elet. Energy Loss

MAIN AND AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT

• Coal handling plant• Pulverizing plant• Boiler• Ash handling plant• Turbine• Condenser• Cooling tower and pounds• Feed water heater• Economizer• Superheater and Reheater• Air preheater

COAL HANDLING PLANT

Primary crusher – The raw coal is crushed into fine pieces of 45mm grit. Primary crusher is also called Rotatory breaker since the coal is crushed by rotating plate.

The stone and unwanted coal are

rejected

Junction Tower

Boiler

Stack & Reclaimer – It is used to store the powdered coal for

emergency purpose.

Atmospheric air –Through FD

fan

OPERATION OF THERMAL POWER PLANT

OPERATION MECHANISM

• The coal is brought and crushed to powder. This is feed to boiler for producing heat .• In Boiler the water is converted to steam.• In super heater the moisture content is removed from the steam and that steam is

called super heated steam.• The superheated steam rotates the shaft of the High pressure turbine.• The exhausted steam is sent to preheater and the steam then rotates the intermediate

pressure (IP) turbine.• The steam from the IP Turbine is then feed to low pressure turbine.• The turbine shaft is connected to the Generator, which produces electric Power.• The power generated is then transmitted .

BOILER

• A boiler or steam generator is a closed vessel to which water under pressure, is converted into steam.

• It is one of the major components of a thermal power plant.

• Always designed to absorb maximum amount of heat released in the process of combustion.

-:Super heater:-• A device which removes last traces of moisture.• It helps in reduction in requirement of steam quantity.• steam being dry reduces the mechanical resistance of

turbine.• No corrosion at the turbine blades.

-:Economizer and Air Pre-heater:-

• An economizer is a heat transfer device used for heating the feed water with the help of hot flue gases before leaving the chimney.

• It helps in improving the efficiency of the power plant.

• Air preheater is a device which utilizes the waste heat of the flue gases leaving the economizer to heat the air to be supplied to the boiler.

CONDENSER

• Which condenses the steam at the exhaust of turbine.

• It creates a very low pressure at the exhaust of turbine, this helps in converting heat energy of steam into mechanical energy in the prime mover.

• The condensed steam can be used as feed water to the boiler.

Prime Mover (i.e. Turbine)• A steam turbine is a mechanical device that extracts thermal energy

from pressurized steam, and converts it into mechanical energy.• About 86% of all electric generation in the world is by use of steam

turbines.• It has almost completely replaced the reciprocating piston steam

engine.

BOILER GENERATOR

STEAM TURBINE

Cooling Towers

• Remove heat from the water discharged from the condenser so that the water can be discharged to the river or re circulated and reused.

• Air can be circulated in the cooling towers through natural draft and mechanical draft.

Coal Handling Plant Details • Source of coal = Piparwar Mines North Karanpur (Jharkhand)

• Location = Near Ranchi

• Distance = 1200 Kms.

• Type of coal = F-grade (Washed)• E grade (Raw)• Coal requirement = 13,000 MT/Day• ( 04 rakes )

ASH HANDLING PLANT• The percentage of ash in coal is 5% in good quality coal & about

40% in poor quality coal.• Power plants generally use poor quality of coal , thus amount of ash

produced by it is quite large.• A modern 1000MW plant produces about 4800 tons of ash daily.• The stations use some conveyor arrangement to carry ash to dump

sites.

UTILISATION OF SECONDARY RAW MATERIAL (ASH)

• Construction of embankments and fills.• Construction of road in sub-base.• Manufacture of cement.• Manufacture of bricks/blocks.• Agriculture as soil amendment/source of essential

plant nutrients.

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SOLAR PLANTSOLAR PLANTTotal capacity 5 MW

THANK YOU!