Part of Made in India,Design Innovation

Workshop,2015

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PHYSICS INVESTIGATORY PROJECT ON

FULL-WAVE RECTIFICATION USING A CENTER TAPPED

TRANSFORMER

Centre  tapped  transformers  are  used  to  convert  fluctuaCng  AC  voltage  to  a  constant  DC  voltage.  They  are  used  when  a  high  current  is  required  at  a  given  voltage.  

In  this  project,  you  will  need  a  breadboard,  one  resistor,  one  centre-­‐tapped  transformer,  two  diodes,  and  a  few  connecCng  wires.  The  transformer  has  an  input  voltage  of  220V  AC  and  an  output  voltage  of  12-­‐0-­‐12  V  AC.  The  secondary  coil  of  the  transformer  is  divided  into  two  equal  parts;  each  part  acts  as  a  separate  coil,  and  the  coils  are  connected  in  series.  The  two  individual  coils  get  12  V  each  (V1  and  V2)  as  output  with  respect  to  the  grounded  center-­‐tap;  V1  and  V2  are  out  of  phase  with  each  other.  On  the  secondary  side,  there  are  three  wires  which  come  out  of  transformer;  the  middle  wire  is  the  centre-­‐tap  and  the  other  two  wires  are  the  phase  wires  which  connect  to  the  diodes.  AUer  the  compleCon  of  the  circuit,  the  input  plug  of  the  transformer  is  connected  to  a  

220V  AC  source  and  the  power  supply  is  switched  ON.  The  ‘path  of  current’  analysis  was  done  in  the  posiCve  and  negaCve  half  cycles  of  the  input  voltage.  The  stepped-­‐down  AC  voltage  in  the  first  and  the  second  halves  of  the  secondary  coil  were  measured  with  respect  to  the  centre  tap.  The  DC  voltage  across  the  load  resistor  was  calculated  both  theoreCcally  and  experimentally  using  mulCmeter.  The  voltages  measured  in  both  the  cases  were  compared  and  the  relaCve  error  was  calculated.  

Since  the  current  through  the  load  resistor  does  not  change  its  direcCon  during  the  posiCve  and  negaCve  halves  of  the  AC  input,  therefore,  this  arrangement  acts  like  a  full-­‐wave  recCfier.  It  was  noted  that  the  frequency  of  the  recCfied  output  was  twice  the  frequency  of  the  input  supply.

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