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Safety in Hazmat transportation
Changhyun KwonUniversity at Buffalo
Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering
July 10, 2013
What is called Hazardous Material? (Hazmat)
In our daily life , we need
Gasoline, Fuel oil, Petroleum, Glue, Paint, ….
For Fueling vehicles
Heating homes, offices
Manufacturing Mining Farming Medicine …
About 20% of trucks carry hazmat.
Why Hazardous?
HAZMAT can be Solid, liquid, or gas
Categorized to: Flammable Explosive Poisonous Corrosive Radioactive …
UB uses hazmat!
What are the consequences of a Hazmat accident?
It can harm people, other living organisms, properties, environment, …
Hazmat release during transport caused
undesirable damage to property , environment
Injuries, fatalities due to hazmat accident
Trucks : 53.9 % Pipeline : 28.9 % Water : 6.7 % Rail : 5.8 % Other : Air, … 5.4 % …
Hazmat shipment
Hazmat shipment statistics & reports
1996
15,000 incidents of Hazmat transportation in US
429 serious incidents
13 deaths, 198 injuries,
16,250 gallons of chlorine released from a derailed train in Montana
1 fatality 787 hospitalizations 1,000 evacuations $4.5 million clean up
cost
1998
Number of the accidents is low
2005
Collision of an ammonia truck in Mexico
39 fatalities 200, 000 evacuations 118 injuries $38 million damage
cost
Hazmat accident consequence is catastrophic
Safety in Transportation of Hazardous Material is a significant challenge.
Who are most in danger during Hazmat transportation!
Hazmat carriers. Ex. truck drivers, other personnel
Regular vehicle drivers, passengers
People residing in the vicinity of the roads and highways
Laws and regulations on hazmat transportation by governmental institutions
Ex: United Nations’ law for Dangerous Goods Transportation
What improves Hazmat transportation safety?
methods and procedures to make sure the hazmat transportation as safe as possible.
formal identifications and classifications to each kind of the hazmat
keep track of the pre-transportation related requirements
1
United Nations’ law for Dangerous Goods Transportation. Ex. Train the personnel before transport Properly pack the Hazmat with tank, bulk container Use formal procedures on how the materials should be packed Use cards to indentify the type of hazmat being transport Test the package to meet the requirements Be careful about the signs and codes
What improves Hazmat transportation safety?
Orange: Explosive
Red: Flammable Gas and
Liquid
White: Poison
Black/White: Corrosive
Yellow: Oxidizer
Green: Non-flammable
gas
Yellow/White: Radio
Active
Suggest routes for a safe Hazmat transportation.
The transportation of hazmat is regulated under the Federal Hazardous Materials Transportation Act in US the Federal Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act in Canada.
What improves Hazmat transportation safety?
Dictate certain routes to hazmat carriers
Imposing curfews on the use of the road segments (permanent or time-based) ----- >
blocking some roads
Ex. ban on trucks carrying non-radioactive hazmat on certain road segments
2Hazmat
transportation network
design policies (HTND)
What improves Hazmat transportation safety?
Discourage drivers from using certain roads Flexible solutions for regulators Acceptable choices to carrier
Route the vehicles to less populated / less congested
roads by their own selection
3
Toll setting (TS)
4
Dual Toll setting (TS)
What improves Hazmat transportation safety?
Toll on both Regular vehicles and Hazmat trucks
To separate regular and hazmat during transportation
How I can access Hazmat DATA and Information!!!
FMCSA
Pipeline and Hazardous Material Safety Administration (PHMSA)
http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/
