SUBJECT: AIR POLLUNATIONNAME ENROLLMENT NO.

PATEL DHRUMIL B. 150020116031

PATEL HARSH J. 150020116032

PATEL KALP R. 150020116033

PATEL KAUSHAL 150020116034

PATEL KISHAN 150020116035

Air is the Earth's atmosphere. It is the clear gas in which living things live and breathe. It has an indefinite shape and volume. It has no color or smell. It has mass and weight. It is a matter as it has mass and weight. Air creates atmosphere pressure.

What Is AIR?

What Is Pollutants?A substance in the air that can cause harm to humans and the environment is known as an air pollutant. Pollutants can be in the form of solid particles, liquid droplets, or gases. In addition, they may be natural or man-made.

What Is Air Pollutants? Any visible or invisible particle or gas found in the air that is not part of the original, normal composition.

Air pollution occurs when gases, dust particles, fumes (or smoke) or odor are introduced into the atmosphere in a way that makes it harmful to humans, animals and plant. This is because the air becomes dirty (contaminated or unclean). 

The Earth is surrounded by a blanket of air (made up of various gases) called the atmosphere. The atmosphere helps protect the Earth and allow life to exist. Without it, we would be burned by the intense heat of the sun during the day or frozen by the very low temperatures at night Anything additional gas, particles or odors that are introduced into the air (either by nature or human activity) to destroy this natural balance can be called air pollution.

Things that pollute the air are called air pollutants.

Six major air pollutants• Carbon monoxide

(CO)• Ozone (O3)• Nitrogen dioxide

(NO2)• Sulfur oxides (SOx)• Carbon dioxide (CO2 )• Lead (Pb)

Major sources of pollutants

Cars & Tracks38%

Household & Other Products

21%

Non-Road Engines23%

Industry18%

Cars & Tracks Household & Other ProductsNon-Road Engines Industry

There Are Two Types of PollutantsPrimary Pollutants Secondary Pollutants

Primary PollutantsPrimary pollutants are those gases or particles that are pumped into the air to make it unclean. They include carbon monoxide from automobile (cars) exhausts and sulfur dioxide from the combustion of coal. Primarily air pollutants can be caused by primary sources or secondary sources. The pollutants that are a direct result of the process can be called primary pollutants. A classic example of a primary pollutant would be the sulfur-dioxide emitted from factories.

Primary Pollutants

13.6

14.8

16.4

6

49.1

What They Are

Volatile Organics Nitrogen OxidesSuifur Oxides ParticulatesCarbon Monoxide

27%

46%

15%

3%9%

Where They Come From

Stationary Source Fuel CombustionTransportationIndustrial ProcessesSolid Waste DisposalMiscellaneous

CARBON MONOXIDE (CO)

NITROGEN DIOXIDE (N02)

SULPHUR DIOXIDE (S02) 

GREEN HOUSE GASES

Carbon Dioxide Carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, is the main pollutant that is warming Earth. Though living things emit carbon dioxide when they breathe, carbon dioxide is widely considered to be a pollutant when associated with cars, planes, power plants, and other human activities that involve the burning of fossil fuels such as gasoline and natural gas. In the past 150 years, such activities have pumped enough carbon dioxide into the atmosphere to raise its levels higher than they have been for hundreds of thousands of years.

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

Chemical Pollutants & Effects

PARTICULATE MATTER

Secondary pollutants:  When pollutants in the air mix up in a chemical reaction, they form an even more dangerous chemical. Photochemical smog is an example of this, and is a secondary pollutant. Secondary pollutants are the ones that are caused by the inter mingling and reactions of primary pollutants. Smog created by the interactions of several primary pollutants is known to be as secondary pollutant.

GROUND LEVEL OZONE

SMOGPOLLUTANT SOURCES EFFECTSSmog is another common secondary pollutant. Smog is a yellowish or blackish fog formed mainly by a mixture of pollutants in the atmosphere which consists of fine particles and ground level ozone. Smog which occurs mainly because of air pollution, can also be defined as a mixture of various gases with dust and water vapor

Smog is caused when car emissions and industrial pollution interact with sunlight. Smog is often caused by heavy traffic, high temperatures, sunshine and calm winds. These are few of the factors behind increasing level of air pollution in atmosphere. During the winter months when the wind speeds are low, it helps the smoke and fog to become stagnate at a place forming smog and increasing pollution levels near the ground closer to where people are respiring.

Smog affects plant life and the health of animals and humans. It is harmful to humans, animals, plants and the nature as a whole. Smog lead to bronchial diseases. Heavy smog results in a low production of the crucial natural element vitamin D leading to cases of rickets among people. Smog can be responsible for any ailment from minor pains to deadly pulmonary diseases such as lung cancer. Smog is well known for causing irritation in the eye.

EFFECTS OF SMOG

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