37
Diagnostic rapide: et si nous copions la nature? Prof. Jacques Schrenzel, MD Head of the Laboratory for Bacteriology & of the Genomic Research Laboratory Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland

Diagnostic rapide: et si nous copions la nature?

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

Page 1: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

Diagnostic rapide:

et si nous copions la nature?

Prof. Jacques Schrenzel, MD

Head of the Laboratory for Bacteriology

& of the Genomic Research Laboratory

Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland

Page 2: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

Un bref passage aux urgences...

Page 3: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

Labo de

Bactériologie

Un bref passage aux urgences...

Page 4: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

48 à 72 h

Un bref passage aux urgences...

Page 5: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

Un bref passage aux urgences...

(Kumar A, Crit Care Med 2010)

Page 6: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

Un bref passage aux urgences...

Page 7: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

Un bref passage aux urgences...

Page 8: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?
Page 9: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

Limitation actuelle: la culture...

Culture

Page 10: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?
Page 11: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

Détection moléculaire directe ?

Page 12: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

Détection moléculaire directe ?

1) Préparation

Page 13: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

Détection moléculaire directe ?

1) Préparation

2) Amplification/Détection

PCR

Séquençage

ESI-MS

Microarrays

Page 14: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?
Page 15: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

L’étape limitante est….

la préparation de l’échantillon

Avoir au plus vite l’ADN de la bactérie!

Page 16: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

Autres méthodes?

PlexID / IRIDICA (Abbott)

Depuis 2009 au GRL (HUG)

Page 17: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

Autres méthodes?

Séquenceur de 3ème génération

(Oford Nanopore Technology)

Depuis 2014 au GRL

PlexID / IRIDICA (Abbott)

Depuis 2009 au GRL (HUG)

Page 18: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?
Page 19: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

Sample preparation is the key!

Page 20: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

Sample collection Sample Lysis/

homogenization

Target purification

& “preparation”

Sample Preparation Work–Flow

Page 21: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

Sample collection Sample Lysis/

homogenization

Target purification

& “preparation”

MagPhase

Technology

Sample Preparation Work–Flow

Page 22: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

The challenge

Combination and integration of

magnetic particles and microfluidics

Homogenous suspension of

magnetic particles during target

capturing process

Enhancing the mixing of magnetic

particles and overcoming the

limitation of particle diffusion

Page 23: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

Next generation Magnetic Particles

Handling Technology

Page 24: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

Microfluidic Automation Process

Page 25: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

Excellent linearity and reproducibility

DNA extraction from MRSA lysate and detection of

the mecA gene using real-time PCR

Page 26: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

Concentration and reproducibility from

large sample volumes

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

1 CFU/ml 0.5 CFU/ml 0.3 CFU/ml

E. Coli DNA capture (10 ml sample)

Yie

ldin

%

Page 27: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

Sample Preparation Work–Flow

Sample collection Sample Lysis/

homogenization

Target purification

& “preparation”

FibroTrap

Technology

Page 28: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

FibroTrap technology: Prologue !

Horseshoe Crab

A “fossil age” creature with first trace

reported 540 millions years ago: more than

1000 times older than “Homo sapiens”

Still a mysterious step during Evolution

Page 29: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

FibroTrap technology: Prologue !

Intriguing relation to bacteria as an extract

of the horseshoe crab's lymph is used by

the pharma and medical device industries

to ensure that their products are free of

bacterial contamination (Limulus assay).

No other test works as easily or reliably for

this purpose.

Injured site

Microbe

Cas

ca

de

Re

ac

tion

s

Activated coagulation enzyme:

(Serpin -2)

Coagulogen

monomersCoagulin Polymer

Page 30: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

FibroTrap technology: Prologue !

Coagulation for

Bacterial Defense

Coagulation for injury

protection

-540 M

years

Injured site

Ca

sc

ad

e

Rea

ctio

ns

Activated coagulation enzyme:

Thrombin

Fibrinogen

monomers

Fibrin Polymer

Page 31: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

Pelleting sample preparation technologyA fast and easy way to separate viable

pathogenic agents from whole blood

(1) Get the patient sample

(2) Get the infecting agents precipitated within <20 min

(3) Lyse the pellet and recover the concentrated bacteria in a small

volume (1/50th of the sample) ready for detection

Page 32: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?
Page 33: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

Pelleting sample preparation technologyVacutainer-like technology: potential

combination with various identification methods

Cultures (agar, broth, …)

Micro-cultures

MDx (PCR, sequencing …)

Spectrometry (MALDI, ESI, Raman…)

Page 34: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

Sydney Brenner(2002 Nobel prize for Medicine)

Page 35: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

Sydney Brenner(2002 Nobel prize for Medicine)

In biotechnology,

the one -"omics"

that really counts is:

economics

Page 36: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

Sydney Brenner(2002 Nobel prize for Medicine)

In biotechnology,

the one -"omics"

that really counts is:

economics

Page 37: Diagnostic rapide:     et si nous copions la nature?

Acknowledgements

Damien BAUD

Manuela BENTO-TANGOMO

Eve-Julie BONETTI-SARRET

Dr Yannick CHARRETIER

Dr Anna-Rita CORVAGLIA

Seydina DIENE

Dr Sélène FERRARI

Dr Adrien FISCHER

PD Dr Patrice FRANCOIS

Nadia GAIA

Myriam GIRARD

Dr Vladimir LAZAREVIC

www.genomic.ch

Dr Amar RIDA