Japan-China Relationsaka Sino-Japanese Relations

Normalization of Sino-Japanese Relations● 1955 Bandung Conference

○ Chinese bloc requested for the improvement of diplomatic bonds

● PM Ikeda (1960s)○ economic ties and Seikei Bunri Policy○ Sekei Bunri - separation of politics and economics○ resumption of bilateral trade

●

Normalization of Sino-Japanese Relations

● PM Tanaka (72-75)○ Beijing, September 1972

● full diplomatic relations○ three principles of normalization:

● The PRC is the sole and legitimate government of China● Taiwan is a province of China● abandon diplomatic ties and 1952 peace treat with Taiwan

○ September 1974● secured a talk regarding the Sino-Japanese peace treaty

○ August 1978● signed the peace treaty

Hosokawa Administration

● First non-LDP Prime Minister to visit China, March 1994.

● Appeal for Chinese diplomatic assistance in restraining North Korea’s suspected nuclear programme

● Issued an apology for Japan’s ‘war of aggression’ in China

Koizumi Administration

● Textbook Controversy of 2001● annual visits to Yasukuni shrine● created massive riots in China

Sino-Japanese Economic Relations

● November 1972- Japan-China Economic Association was formed.○ worked to support increased private-level economic

interaction.● January 1974- Japanese government

removed all restrictions on Ex-Im Bank credit financing, and Chinese and Japanese governments signed agreements on trade, reducing tariff barriers by one third.

Long Term Trade Agreement

● Signed in 1978● key provision of the agreement was the

supply of China's energy resources in exchange for imports of advanced technological goods

● addressed the growing problem of China's trade deficit with Japan by providing deferred payment method for China

1979 - 1999

first Overseas Development Assistance (ODA) package for China in December 1979● geared primarily to the development of

China's steel industry● Japan was the first country to provide

bilateral aid to the PRC● consists of low-interest yen loans (the vast

majority of ODA), as well as technical cooperation and grant assistance

● In 1991, Japan's investments reached US$3.39 billion and Japan stood in fourth place among China's investors

● In August 1998, the Investment Protection Pact was signed ○ Provides Japanese firms with same status as the

Chinese firms in China

Sino-Japanese Security Relations

● Sino- Japanese security dialogue was interrupted by…○ Japan’s concern that China should increase the

transparency of its military budget and capabilities and cease nuclear weapon testing

○ 1989 Tiananmen square incident○ In January 2004, China refused a Japanese proposal

for exchange visits between the Japan's Maritime Self Defense Force and the People’s Liberation Army Navy

●

Sino-Japanese Security Relations

● Territorial Issues and Maritime Security○ Claiming of the Senkaku Islands/Diaoyu Islands

■ Chinese adoption of its 1992 Law on Territorial Waters that reasserted its claim the Senkaku Islands

○ Japan’s detection of the incursions into its water of a Chinese nuclear-powered submarine