“EFFICIENCY OF WASTE

MANAGEMENT OF DIFFERENT CITIES

IN THE PHILIPPINES: Assessment and its

Implication to Climate Change Mitigation

and Adaptation Policies”

Ms. Junelyn Pagunsan

Office of the Ombudsman

Quezon City, Philippines

Prof. Koji Shimada

Ritsumeikan University

Kusatsu City, Japan

Introduction

Variables Definition Unit

OUTPUT Waste Generated

The quantity of solid waste generated by the households

Tons/year

INPUT Solid Waste Management Expenditures

The amount of expenses incurred by the Local Government Units in providing the solid waste management services

Philippine Peso

Efficiency Scores and Variables:

CITIES SOLID

WASTE

MANAGEMENT

RESULTS:

Land Area:

Larger land area of a City for a Nationwide case can

increase efficiency on the waste management while it can

decrease efficiency for a City in Metro Manila.

Number of Barangays (Villages)

Greater number of barangays (villages) under the

Nationwide and Metro Manila Cities can worsen the

efficiency of their waste management.

Income per Capita

Greater income will provide opportunity to finance the

needs of the Nationwide and Metro Manila Cities to

improve efficiency.

RESULTS:

Poverty Incidence:

Higher number of low-income individuals in the Nationwide

Cities can worsen the efficiency of waste management.

Unlike for Metro Manila Cities, higher number of low-income

can improve the waste management efficiency.

Environmental Governance

Good governance in the Nationwide and Metro Manila Cities

can improve the efficiency of their waste management.

Ownership of waste disposal

Owning a disposal facility in the Nationwide Cities can

improve their waste management efficiency. Unlike for Metro

Manila Cities, owning a disposal facility decrease the

efficiency of their waste management.

IMPLICATIONS TO CLIMATE CHANGE

MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION POLICIES:

Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation Policies, programs

and/or trainings to be formulated for the capacity development of

the cities in the Philippines should not only focus on the cost

savings but also looking into other factors such as socio-

economic factors, topography, location, etc. that could affect its

performance;

Assessment and establishment of Environmental Governance

Index of these cities foster public trust and boost credibility and

legitimacy of their actions;

Formulation of strategies and programs for the implementation of

these adaptation and mitigation policies should pay attention to

the current conditions and needs at the barangay(village)-level

IMPLICATIONS TO CLIMATE CHANGE

MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION POLICIES:

Adaptation of the clustering in the establishment of common

waste disposal facilities geared towards cost minimization,

partnership and income generation to the owner of the facility;

Recognizing the importance of informal sector role in the

implementation of 4R Mechanism (Reduction, Reuse,

Recycling and Recovery); and

Recognizing the importance of integrating the informal sector

to the formal waste management system

Contact Details:

Ms. Junelyn A. Pagunsan

Field Investigation Office

Office of the Ombudsman

Agham Road, Diliman, 1101 Quezon City, Philippines

Email: japagunsan@gmail.com