给 11gR2 RAC添加LISTENER监听器并静态注

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by Maclean.liuliu.maclean@gmail.com

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之前有同学想要给 11gR2 的 RAC 添加 LISTENER 监听器，查看了 listener.ora 并发现问题:

[oracle@vrh2 ~]$ lsnrctl statusLSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 04-DEC-2011 02:51:40

Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))STATUS of the LISTENER------------------------Alias LISTENERVersion TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - ProductionStart Date 02-DEC-2011 05:40:09Uptime 1 days 21 hr. 11 min. 31 secTrace Level offSecurity ON: Local OS AuthenticationSNMP OFFListener Parameter File /g01/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.oraListener Log File /g01/orabase/diag/tnslsnr/vrh2/listener/alert/log.xmlListening Endpoints Summary...(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=LISTENER)))(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.163)(PORT=1521)))(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.164)(PORT=1521)))Services Summary...Service "+ASM" has 1 instance(s).Instance "+ASM2", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...Service "VPROD" has 1 instance(s).Instance "VPROD2", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...Service "VPRODXDB" has 1 instance(s).Instance "VPROD2", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...The command completed successfully

[oracle@vrh2 ~]$ cat /g01/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.ora

LISTENER_SCAN1=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN1)))) # line added by AgentLISTENER=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER)))) # line added by AgentENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER=ON # line added by AgentENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER_SCAN1=ON # line added by AgentENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LSN_MACLEAN=ON # line added by Agent

以上 listener.ora 配置文件中的信息是 Grid Infrastructure 安装过程中 Agent 自行添加的(During the Grid Infrastructure installation, the (default) node VIP listener is always created referencing the

public network)，比较难以理解的可能是 LISTENER 仅指定了 PROTOCOL=IPC 的信息， 而没有指定监听的地址、端口等信息。

实际上 11.2 GI 的 LISTENER 监听器配置默认受到 11.2 新引入的 endpoints_listener.ora 配置文件的管理：

Listener.ora

[grid@netrac1 admin]$ more listener.oraLISTENER_SCAN2=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN2)))) # line added by AgentLISTENER=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER))))# line added by AgentLISTENER_SCAN1=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN1)))) # line added by Agent

ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER_SCAN1=ON # line added by AgentENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER=ON # line added by AgentENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER_SCAN2=ON # line added by Agent

The ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_ parameter is set to allow the listener to accept connectionsfor pre-11.2 databases which did not register the dynamic endpoint.

Listener status "listener" showing 1 instance registered, ie instance running on the node

[grid@netrac1 admin]$ lsnrctl status listenerConnecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER)))STATUS of the LISTENER------------------------Alias LISTENERVersion TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - ProductionStart Date 15-FEB-2011 10:57:09Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 46 secTrace Level offSecurity ON: Local OS AuthenticationSNMP OFFListener Parameter File /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.oraListener Log File /u01/app/grid/diag/tnslsnr/netrac1/listener/alert/log.xmlListening Endpoints Summary...(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=LISTENER)))(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=12.345.678.111)(PORT=1521))) ** Node IP Address **(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=12.345.678.888)(PORT=1521))) ** Node VIP Address **Services Summary...Service "v11gr2" has 1 instance(s).Instance "v11gr21", status READY, has 2 handler(s) for this service...The command completed successfully

New file for 11.2 called endpoints_listener.ora, showing the Node IP address and Node VIP address.

[grid@netrac1 admin]$ more endpoints_listener.oraLISTENER_NETRAC1=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=netrac1-vip)(PORT=1521))(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=12.345.678.888)(PORT=1521)(IP=FIRST)))) # line added by Agent

Endpoints_listener.ora file is there for backward compatibility with pre-11.2

databases.DBCA needs to know the endpoints location to configure database parameters and tnsnames.ora file.It used to use the listener.ora file, 11.2 RAC listener.ora by default only has IPC entries.

"Line added by Agent" is the Oraagent is the process updating the listener.ora and endpoints_listener.ora files.Endpoints_listener.ora showing the Node IP address and Node VIP address

[grid@netrac2 admin]$ more endpoints_listener.oraLISTENER_NETRAC2=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=netrac2-vip)(PORT=1521))(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=12.345.678.999) (PORT=1521)(IP=FIRST)))) # line added by Agent

我一开始以为 LISTENER 默认监听的地址和端口被写到了 OCR 中，后来用 ocrdump 转储注册信息发现没有相关记录。 后来才发现原来 11.2 GI 中监听器的地址和端口信息被移到了 endpoints_listener.ora 中， “Line added by Agent”说明是由 Oraagent 进程更新的记录。

注意：使用 endpoints_listener.ora 的情况 下不应使用 lsnrctl 管理 LISTENER，而需使用 srvctl

或 crsctl 工具管理，否则 lsnrctl 将不会识别 endpoints_listener.ora 中的信息，造成监听没有在必要地址、端口上工作。如：

[grid@vrh1 admin]$ lsnrctl status LSN_MACLEAN

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 27-NOV-2011 10:45:26

Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LSN_MACLEAN)))STATUS of the LISTENER------------------------Alias LSN_MACLEANVersion TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - ProductionStart Date 26-NOV-2011 08:33:14Uptime 1 days 2 hr. 12 min. 11 secTrace Level offSecurity ON: Local OS AuthenticationSNMP OFFListener Parameter File /g01/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.oraListener Log File /g01/orabase/diag/tnslsnr/vrh1/lsn_maclean/alert/log.xmlListening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=LSN_MACLEAN))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.161)(PORT=1588))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.162)(PORT=1588)))Services Summary...Service "VPROD" has 1 instance(s). Instance "VPROD1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...Service "VPRODXDB" has 1 instance(s).

Instance "VPROD1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...The command completed successfully

[grid@vrh1 admin]$ lsnrctl reload LSN_MACLEAN

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 27-NOV-2011 10:45:39

Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LSN_MACLEAN)))The command completed successfully

[grid@vrh1 admin]$ lsnrctl status LSN_MACLEAN

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 27-NOV-2011 10:45:44

Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LSN_MACLEAN)))STATUS of the LISTENER------------------------Alias LSN_MACLEANVersion TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - ProductionStart Date 26-NOV-2011 08:33:14Uptime 1 days 2 hr. 12 min. 30 secTrace Level offSecurity ON: Local OS AuthenticationSNMP OFFListener Parameter File /g01/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.oraListener Log File /g01/orabase/diag/tnslsnr/vrh1/lsn_maclean/alert/log.xmlListening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=LSN_MACLEAN)))The listener supports no servicesThe command completed successfully

[grid@vrh1 admin]$ srvctl stop listener -l LSN_MACLEAN

[grid@vrh1 admin]$ srvctl start listener -l LSN_MACLEAN

[grid@vrh1 admin]$ lsnrctl status LSN_MACLEAN

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 27-NOV-2011 10:46:26

Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LSN_MACLEAN)))STATUS of the LISTENER------------------------Alias LSN_MACLEANVersion TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - ProductionStart Date 27-NOV-2011 10:46:22Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 4 secTrace Level offSecurity ON: Local OS AuthenticationSNMP OFFListener Parameter File /g01/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.oraListener Log File /g01/orabase/diag/tnslsnr/vrh1/lsn_maclean/alert/log.xmlListening Endpoints Summary...

(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=LSN_MACLEAN))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.161)(PORT=1588))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.162)(PORT=1588)))The listener supports no servicesThe command completed successfully

而在 11.2 RAC 中 listener.ora 仅记录 LISTENER 的 IPC 条目。这样做的目的是方便 dbca 配置数据库参数及 tnsnames.ora 配置文件。

了解到以上信息后可能你对当前 11.2 RAC 中的 listener.ora 文件中的监听配置信息不再感到奇怪。

我们可以使用 netca 图形化工具或者 srvctl 命令行工具添加监听配置； 如果仅仅是手动在listener.ora 中添加记录的话是无法被注册为 Cluster Ready Service 的服务的，将不会被 CRS

管理。

方法 1：

使用 netca 和 netmgr 图形化工具，完成添加监听和静态注册的工作。

1) 以 Grid Infrastructure GI 用户登录任意节点，并运行 netca 启动图形界面：su - grid(grid)$ export DISPLAY=:0(grid)$ netca

选择 LISTENER Configuration

选择 ADD

填入监听名字

选择 subnet 和 availabe protocol ，一般默认即可，除非你有多个 public network 网段

填入端口号

选择 NO

选择要启动的监听名，即方才你创建的监听名

之后选择 FINISH 退出 netca 界面，启动 netmgr 界面，为监听加入静态注册的信息：su - grid(grid)$ export DISPLAY=:0(grid)$ netmgr

点选方才创建的监听器，选择 Database Services 菜单

填入 Global Database Name 和本地实例的 SID 信息，并确认 ORACLE HOME Directory(应是Grid Infrastructure 的 Home 目录)正确后点选 Save Network Configuration。

之后使用 srvctl 或 crsctl 重启该监听即可生效：

[grid@vrh1 admin]$ crsctl status res ora.MACLEAN_LISTENER.lsnrNAME=ora.MACLEAN_LISTENER.lsnrTYPE=ora.listener.typeTARGET=ONLINE , ONLINESTATE=ONLINE on vrh1, ONLINE on vrh2

[grid@vrh1 admin]$ crsctl stop res ora.MACLEAN_LISTENER.lsnrCRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.MACLEAN_LISTENER.lsnr' on 'vrh1'CRS-2673: Attempting to stop 'ora.MACLEAN_LISTENER.lsnr' on 'vrh2'CRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.MACLEAN_LISTENER.lsnr' on 'vrh1' succeededCRS-2677: Stop of 'ora.MACLEAN_LISTENER.lsnr' on 'vrh2' succeeded

[grid@vrh1 admin]$ crsctl start res ora.MACLEAN_LISTENER.lsnrCRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.MACLEAN_LISTENER.lsnr' on 'vrh2'CRS-2672: Attempting to start 'ora.MACLEAN_LISTENER.lsnr' on 'vrh1'CRS-2676: Start of 'ora.MACLEAN_LISTENER.lsnr' on 'vrh1' succeededCRS-2676: Start of 'ora.MACLEAN_LISTENER.lsnr' on 'vrh2' succeeded

[grid@vrh1 admin]$ lsnrctl status MACLEAN_LISTENER

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 27-NOV-2011 11:00:42

Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=MACLEAN_LISTENER)))STATUS of the LISTENER------------------------Alias MACLEAN_LISTENERVersion TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - ProductionStart Date 27-NOV-2011 11:00:11Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 31 secTrace Level offSecurity ON: Local OS AuthenticationSNMP OFFListener Parameter File /g01/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.oraListener Log File /g01/orabase/diag/tnslsnr/vrh1/maclean_listener/alert/log.xmlListening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=MACLEAN_LISTENER))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.161)(PORT=1598))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.162)(PORT=1598)))Services Summary...Service "VPROD" has 1 instance(s). Instance "VPROD1", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...The command completed successfully

[grid@vrh1 admin]$ srvctl stop listener -l MACLEAN_LISTENER

[grid@vrh1 admin]$ srvctl start listener -l MACLEAN_LISTENER

[grid@vrh1 admin]$ srvctl config listener -l MACLEAN_LISTENERName: MACLEAN_LISTENERNetwork: 1, Owner: gridHome:End points: TCP:1598

[grid@vrh1 admin]$ lsnrctl status MACLEAN_LISTENER

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 27-NOV-2011 11:01:42

Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=MACLEAN_LISTENER)))STATUS of the LISTENER------------------------Alias MACLEAN_LISTENERVersion TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - ProductionStart Date 27-NOV-2011 11:01:10

Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 31 secTrace Level offSecurity ON: Local OS AuthenticationSNMP OFFListener Parameter File /g01/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.oraListener Log File /g01/orabase/diag/tnslsnr/vrh1/maclean_listener/alert/log.xmlListening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=MACLEAN_LISTENER))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.161)(PORT=1598))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.162)(PORT=1598)))Services Summary...Service "VPROD" has 1 instance(s). Instance "VPROD1", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...The command completed successfully

以上使用 netca 和 netmgr 图形界面工具完成了新监听的添加和静态注册工作。

2. 使用 srvctl 工具添加监听并手动加入静态注册信息

默检查 认 network的 network number, 色的数字红

[grid@vrh1 admin]$ srvctl config networkNetwork exists: 1/192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0/eth0, type static

srvctl 添加 听的 法如下监 语

[grid@vrh1 admin]$ srvctl add listener -h

Adds a listener configuration to the Oracle Clusterware.

Usage: srvctl add listener [-l <lsnr_name>] [-s] [-p "[TCP:]<port>[, ...][/IPC:<key>][/NMP:<pipe_name>][/TCPS:<s_port>] [/SDP:<port>]"] [-o <oracle_home>] [-k <net_num>] -l <lsnr_name> Listener name (default name is LISTENER) -o <oracle_home> ORACLE_HOME path (default value is CRS_HOME) -k <net_num> network number (default number is 1) -s Skip the checking of ports -p "[TCP:]<port>[, ...][/IPC:<key>][/NMP:<pipe_name>][/TCPS:<s_port>] [/SDP:<port>]" Comma separated tcp ports or listener endpoints -h Print usage

[grid@vrh1 admin]$ srvctl add listener -l NEW_MACLEAN_LISTENER -o $CRS_HOME -p 1601 -k 1

-k 填入方才 得的获 network number，-p填入端口号，-l填入 听名，监 -o 填入 GI HOME路径

[grid@vrh1 admin]$ srvctl start listener -l NEW_MACLEAN_LISTENER

srvctl start listener 启动新添加的监听后 listener.ora 和 endpoints_listener.ora 会出现新的记录:

[grid@vrh1 admin]$ head -1 listener.oraNEW_MACLEAN_LISTENER=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=NEW_MACLEAN_LISTENER)))) # line added by Agent

[grid@vrh1 admin]$ head -1 endpoints_listener.oraNEW_MACLEAN_LISTENER_VRH1=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=vrh1-vip)(PORT=1601))(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.161)(PORT=1601)(IP=FIRST)))) # line added by Agent

以上已经完成了监听的添加，足见使用 srvctl 管理更为简便。

之后仅需要加入静态注册信息即可,如:

SID_LIST_NEW_MACLEAN_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (GLOBAL_DBNAME = VPROD) (ORACLE_HOME = /g01/11.2.0/grid) (SID_NAME = VPROD1) ) )

加入如上信息到 listener.ora 配置文件中(SID_LIST_($LISTENER_NAME)，并重启监听即完成静态注册：

[grid@vrh1 admin]$ srvctl stop listener -l NEW_MACLEAN_LISTENER

[grid@vrh1 admin]$ srvctl start listener -l NEW_MACLEAN_LISTENER

[grid@vrh1 admin]$ lsnrctl status NEW_MACLEAN_LISTENER

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 27-NOV-2011 11:21:37

Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=NEW_MACLEAN_LISTENER)))STATUS of the LISTENER------------------------

Alias NEW_MACLEAN_LISTENERVersion TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - ProductionStart Date 27-NOV-2011 11:21:25Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 11 secTrace Level offSecurity ON: Local OS AuthenticationSNMP OFFListener Parameter File /g01/11.2.0/grid/network/admin/listener.oraListener Log File /g01/11.2.0/grid/log/diag/tnslsnr/vrh1/new_maclean_listener/alert/log.xmlListening Endpoints Summary... (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=NEW_MACLEAN_LISTENER))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.161)(PORT=1601))) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.1.162)(PORT=1601)))Services Summary...Service "VPROD" has 1 instance(s). Instance "VPROD1", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...The command completed successfully

以上利用 srvctl 管理工具完成了添加新监听和静态注册的任务。

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